jUn 1984 dy drbwr swihb „qy hmly bwryy kuJ Anjwxy rwz
(a) drbwr swihb „qy hmly dw ipCokV
Drm dy ADwr „qy mulkW dw kwiem hoxw
1947 ivc jd AMgryz swaUQ eySIAw qoN ru^sq ho rhy sn qW aunHW ny Awpxy kbzy hyTly dySW, ijs nUM aunHW ny ieMqzwmIAw p`K qoN ieMfIAw nW dy id`qw sI; nUM Drm dy ADwr „qy vMf ky jwx dw &Yslw kIqw sI[ pr ies ivc auh iqMn muK Drm mMn ky vI is`KW nwl zulm kmw gey qy aunHW dy mulk nUM ihMdU Aqy muslmwn zon dy rihmo-krm hyT C`f id`qw[ is`KW nUM mjbUr ho ky Bwrq dy kbzy hyT rihxw ipAw[ l`KW is`KW nUM p`CmI pwiksqwn ivc kqlyAwm dw iSkwr hoxw ipAw[
mOjUdw Bwrq dI kwiemI dw ADwr ihMdU mulk sI, pr eyQy coxW dw ADwr hox kr ky swrI isAwsq vot bYNk dy ihswb nwl c`lx lg peI[ ies i&rkU pYNqVy dw sB qoN pihlw qy v`fw iSkwr is`K hoey[ Agsq 1947 qk ihMdU AwgU (sxy gWDI, ptyl Aqy nihrU) ksmW KWdy rhy sn ik is`KW nUM „Bwrq dy auqr ivc AzwdI dw Aihsws dyx vwsqy iek iK`qw mih&Uz kIqw jwvygw‟ pr ieh Pryb Bry bol 15 Agsq dy idn hI Alop ho gey[ sgoN ies dy ault i&rkwpRsqI dw bol bwlw SurU ho igAw[ is`KW nUM Zulwm, dUjy drjy dy, ZYr Drm dy, dUjI zbwn dy, ZYr klcr dy lok drsw ky aunHW nwl mlyCW vwlw slUk SurU ho igAw[ aunHW nUM AzwdI dw in`G dyx dI bjwie bhuigxqI dy mzhb, zbwn qy klcr ivc jzb hox vwsqy mjbUr kIqw jwx lg ipAw[ is`KW nwl hr p`K qoN ivqkrw krnw Swied .Bwrq dI kOmI ^UbI. bx igAw sI[
ieM\ kuJ swl lMG gey[ hOlI-hOlI kWgrs pwrtI dy mukwbly ivc nvIAW isAwsI s&bMdIAW SurU ho geIAW[ ies nwl kWgrs nUM vot bYNk hwisl krn vwsqy pYNqVy bdlxy pey[ ies mOky „qy soSilst pwrtIAW ny AwrQk p`K qoN lwmbMd hoxw SurU kIqw[ aunHW nUM bhuq kwmXwbI hwisl koeI[ audoN rwm mnohr lohIAw, mDU ilmey, AcwrIAw ikRplwnI, jY pRkwS nwrwiex qy rwjgopwl AcwrIAw vrgIAW S^sIAqW mOjUd sn[ pr, ienHW dy tur jwx nwl isAwsq dw nkSw bdl igAw[ ies mOky „qy jnsMG (hux BwrqI jnqw pwrtI) jQybMd ho cukI sI[ ies pwrtI ny is`Dw hI i&rkU p`qw vrqxw SurU kr id`qw[ bysmJ lok Drm dy nW „qy mUrK bxny SurU ho gey[ ies nwAry dw Asr pihlW QoVHw qy iPr bhuq hox lg ipAw[ votW hwisl krn vwsqy is`K qy muslm vot bYNk bx cuky sn[ jnsMG (Bwjpw) is`K qy muslm dy i^lw& n&rq dw nwArw lw ky vot mMgdI sI qy kWgrsies dy ault[ pMfq jvwhr lwl nihrU ny ^Ub cwlwkI nwl dovyN p`qy vrqI r`Ky[ iek pwsy qW auh is`K, pMjwbI qy pMjwb dI mu^wl&q kr ky auqrI Bwrq dI ihMdU vot hwisl krdw irhw qy dUjy pwsy muslmwnW dw (idKwvy dw) hmdrd bx ky musilm vot vI hwisl krdw irhw[
ieMdrw gWDI dI pwlsI qy skIm
nihrU dI mOq mgroN aus dI DI ieMdrw gWDI ny BwvyN is`KW dy msly „qy iehI pwlsI jwrI r`KI pr 1965 dI jMg kwrn jdoN pMjwbI sUbw bxwauxw pY igAw qW ies ivc vI aus ny AYNtI-is`K pwlsI vrq ky auqr dy ihMdU votr nUM h`Q ivc r`Kx dI koiSS kIqI (ieh g`l aus ny AwpxI ikqwb ivc vI mMnI hY)[ ies mgroN 1967 qoN 1980 qk aus ny ZrIbI htwE Aqy hor AwrQk nwAirAW nwl vot bYNk „qy kbzw krn ivc kwmXwbI hwisl kIqI[ pr aus ny mihsUs kIqw ik hux ieh nwArw AglI vwr kwmXwb nhIN ho skxw ikauN ik 1977 ivc bxI jnqw pwrtI dI soc ivcoN nvIAW iDrW dy auT pYx Aqy qwkq ivc Awaux dy Awswr kwiem rihxy sn[ ies kr ky aus ny nvW vot bYNk kwiem krn dI pwlinMg kIqI[ aus kol do vot zon sn: musilm, is`K qy drwivV iek pwsy Aqy bMgwlI, mrh`tw qy phwVI lok dUjy pwsy[ ivckwrlw ihMdUsqwnI vot (XU.pI., AYm.pI., ibhwr qy kuJ kU gujrwq qy rwijsQwn)[ ienHW swirAW nUM auh iek`iTAw vot bYNk vjoN nhIN vrq skdI sI[ aus ny mihsUs kIqw ik sB qoN v`fy vot bYNk, Xwin ihMdUsqwnI vot bYNk, nUM hwisl krn vwsqy aunHW nUM jzbwqI kr ky Aqy BVkw ky hI vot hwisl kIqI jw skdI sI[ ies vot nUM hwils krn vwsqy aus kol do hiQAwr sn: is`K Aqy drwivV[ ienHW dy nW „qy hI auh ihMdUsqwnIAW dIAW votW hwisl kr skdI sI[
ies soc nwl aus ny pihlW drwivV vot bYNk vrqx dI skIm bxweI[ ies mksd vwsqy aus ny sRIlMkw ivc qwimlW nUM KVHw kIqw[ aus in`ky ijhy mulk ivc qwimlW dI AzwdI dy nW „qy hiQAwrbMd jMg SurU krvweI[ ies ip`Cy aus dy do inSwny sn: iek ieh ik drwivV lok aus dy v&wdwr rihxgy (Aqy vKry drwivVsqwn dI soc C`f fyxgy) Aqy dUjw auh sRI lMkw ivcoN qwiml eIlwm Awzwd krvw ky Awpxy Awp nUM 1971 ivc bMglw dyS kwiem krn vrgw nwArw lw ky ihMdUsqwnI votrW vwsqy iPr dyvI bx jwvygI[ pr sRI lMkw aus nUM ieh morcw C`fxw ipAw qy ies nwl ihMdUsqwnI votr aus dy nwl nw juiVAw[
ies mgroN aus ny is`K p`qw vrqx dI skIm GVI[ aus ny ^u&IAw „Qrf eyjMsI‟ kwiem kr ky ies rwhIN pMjwb ivc gVbV krvw ky ihMdUAW ivc fr Aqy n&rq dw Aihsws pYdw kr ky Aqy is`KW dy i^lw& n&rq dw mwhOl pYdw kIqw[ pr aus dI ies pwlsI nUM aultw BwrqI jnqw pwrtI Aqy ies dIAW swQI pwrtIAW iSv sYnw, ivSv ihMdU pRISd vZYrw ny sgoN vDyry kYS krnw SurU kr id`qw[ hux ieMdrw gWDI vwsqy ieh hiQAwr sgoN Gwqk swibq hox lg ipAw[ pr auh 1984 dIAW coxW hr hwlq ivc ij`qxw cwhuMdI sI qy aus kol koeI hor nwArw jW hiQAwr nhIN sI[ ies kr ky aus ny Bwjpw qoN A`gy inklx dI skIm bxweI[ ieh sI: drbwr swihb „qy hmlw kr ky „ihMdU rwStr dI dyvI‟ bx ky ihMdUsqwnI vot hwisl krnw[
drbwr swihb „qy hmlw krn dw hukm
1984 dIAW coxW qoN fyF swl pihlW aus ny ieh PYslw kr ilAw sI ik auh is`K p`qw vrq ky hI kwmXwb ho skygI[ ies skIm nwl aus ny 1983 dIAW grmIAW ivc BwrqI &Oj dy muKI jnrl AYs. ky. isnhw kol AwpxI ^wihS zwihr kIqI[ pr jnrl isnhw ny ieMdrw gWDI nUM ieh hrkq krn qoN roikAw[ (isnhw ny ieh g`l 26 jUn 2011 dy idn „fyA AYNf nweIt‟ tIvI qoN SryAwm khI sI)[ ieMdrw gWDI ny jd jnrl isnhw „qy zor pwieAw qW aus ny AgwaUN irtweirmYNt hwisl kr leI[ aus mgroN ieMdrw gWDI ny Arux SRIDr vYdXw nUM &Oj dI kmwn dy id`qI[ sqMbr 1983 ivc ieMdrw ny jnrl vYdXw nUM drbwr swihb „qy hmlw krn vwqy iqAwrI krn vwsqy hdwieqW id`qIAW[ aus dy nwl hI vYstrn kmWf dy jI.E.sI. ikRSn svwmI suMdrjI nUM vI ifptI vjoN qweInwq kIqw[ ieh dovyN ieMdrw gWDI dy v&wdwrW vW| aus dy hukm mMn ky drbwr swihb „qy hmly vwsqy iqAwrI krn lg pey[ ies mksd vwsqy sB qoN pihlW „puzIsn pypr‟ iqAwr kIqw igAw ijs ivc swrI AYkSn plwn sI[ dsMbr 1983 ivc ies plwn nUM ieMdrw gWDI kol pyS kIqw igAw[ aus ny 15 jnvrI 1984 dy idn vyYdX qy suMdrjI nUM drbwr swihb „qy hmlw krn vwsqy iqAwr rihx dw hukm dy id`qw[ ieh hmlw iksy vyly vI kIqw jw skdw sI[
jnrl vYdX ny &Oj dy swry ih`isAW ivc sB qoN vDIAw 600 kmWfo cux ky iek &ors iqAwr kIqI Aqy id`lI qoN 240 iklomItr dUr, fyhrwdUn dy nyVy BwrqI &Oj dy sB qO Aihm A`fy ckrwqw dIAW phwVIAW ivc drbwr swihb dw iek pUry sweIz dw izMdw mwfl iqAwr kIqw igAw Aqy drbwr swihb „qy kbzw krn vwsqy lgwqwr rIhrsl SurU kr id`qI geI[ kuJ hI h&iqAW ivc &Oj ny AYlwn kr id`qw ik aunHW dI plwinMg kwmXwb hox ivc koeI ksr nhIN hY Aqy auh hmlw krn dy 36 GMitAW ivc hI drbwr swihb „qy kbzw kr lYxgy[
&rvrI 1984 ivc jnrl vYdXw qy suMdrjI ny ieMdrw gWDI nUM kih id`qw sI ik auh hmly vwsqy pUrI qrHW iqAwr hn[ ieMdrw gWDI ny ieh swrw kuJ Awpxy nzdIkIAW (Arux nihrU, Arux isMh qy rwjIv gWDI vZYrw) nwl ivcwirAw[
ies dOrwn ieMdrw gWDI ny AwpxI ^u&IAw „Qrf eyjMsI‟ dy rwhIN pMjwb ivc gVbV krwauxI SurU kr id`qI; ies ivc keI kql Aqy 36 stySn swVnw vI sI[ ieh swrw kuJ ApRYl meI 1984 ivc kuJ hI idnW ivc kIqw igAw qW jo swry pwsy dihSq dw mwhOl bxw ky drbwr swihb „qy hmly nUM jwiez TihrwieAw jw sky[ ienHW kqlW Aqy swV PUk nUM inSwnw bxw ky ivSv ihMdU pRISd, iSv sYnw Aqy BwrqI jnqw pwrtI ny pMjwb ivc &Oj Byjx dI mMg kIqI Aqy ies vwsqy id`lI ivc iek jlUs vI k`iFAw, ijs dI AgvweI lwl ikSn AfvwnI Aqy swbkw pRweIm minstr cODrI crn isMh ny kIqI sI[ ies jlUs dw izkr AfvwnI ny AwpxI ikqwb „mweI kMtrI mweI nySn‟ ivc vI kIqw hY[
rUs, ieMglYNf Aqy iesrweIl qoN mdd
ieMdrw gWDI ny 15 jnvrI 1984 dy idn vYdX nUM hukm dyx mgroN rUs, ieMglYNf Aqy iesrweIl nwl rwbqw kwiem kIqw[ ieMdrw ny ies mdd bdly ienHW iqMnW hI srkwrW nUM aunHW koloN hiQAwr ^rIdx vwsqy v`fy Awrfr dyx dI pySkS kIqI[ rUs qW pihlW hI ieMdrw dI mdd kr irhw sI, ies kr ky auh qW iek dm mMn igAw[ ies mgroN ieMdrw gWDI ny rwA ny do A&sr mwsko Byjy ij`Qy aunHW ny rUs dI ^u&IAw eyjMsI ky.jI.bI. Aqy rUsI &Oj dy sInIAr jrnYlW nwl bhuq swrIAW mulwkwqW kIqIAW qy isKlweI hwisl kIqI[ mgroN ieh rUsI A&sr id`lI vI jWdy rhy qy drbwr swihb „qy hmly dI plwn bxwaux ivc AgvweI dyNdy rhy[ ieM\ hI rwA dy ieh do A&sr jyrUslym vI gey qy iesrweIl dI ^u&IAw eyjMsI „mOswd‟ qoN vI slwh leI[
ibRitS pRweIm minstr mwrgryt QYcr dw rol
drbwr swihb „qy ies hmly dI plwn ivc sB qoN v`fw hYrwnkuMn AYkSn ieMglYNf dI pRweIm minstr mrgryt QYcr dw sI[ hwlW ik ieMdrw gWDI dw ieh AYkSn iek ivroDI isAwsI pwrtI dy i^lw& sI qy aus dy Awpxy mulk dw AMdrUnI mslw sI; pr, mwrgryt QYcr ny, Bwrq qoN hiQAwrW dw v`fw Awrfr hwisl krn vwsqy, iek mulk dy AMdrUnI msly ivc AwpxI &Oj dw d^l dyx dw &Yslw kr ilAw[ ieh nw qW kOmWqrI AsUlW muqwibk shI sI qy nw hI ienswnIAq dy p`K qoN[ pr QYcr, jo Awpxy Awp nUM „Awiern lyfI‟ AKvwauNdI sI, auh iek byAsUlI qy zwlm AOrq nwl iml ky, swry kOmWqrI AsUlW nUM iC`ky tMg ky, hzwrW lokW dw kqlyAwm krvaux vwsqy iqAwr ho geI[
iPr mwrgryt QYcr ny dyr vI nhIN lweI Aqy ieMdrw gWDI dI swizS ivc iek dm hI Swiml ho geI[ cwhIdw qW ieh sI ik auh ^u&IAw qOr „qy pqw krdI ik ieMdrw gWDI dw Asl mnSw kI hY? kI ieh hrkq kOmWqrI AsUlW dy ault qW nhIN? kI ies dy ipCokV ivc keI hor swizS qW nhIN? pr, ies dI bjwie mwrgryt QYcr ny ibnw iksy Koj pVqwl qoN, do-cwr idnW dy AMdr AMdr, Awpxy do sInIAr AYs.ey.AYs. A&sr, ^u&IAw qOr „qy, id`lI Aqy AMimRqsr Byj id`qy[ ieh A&sr 17 &rvrI 1984 dy idn drbwr swihb iek XwqrU dy qOr „qy igAw Aqy swrw mOkw dyiKAw[ aus idn rIhrsl vjoN drbwr swihb „qy byvjh golIAW dw mINh vrHwieAw igAw[ ies nwl A`DI drjn XwqrU mwry gey; pr KwVkUAW ny iek vI golI nw cwleI[ drAsl auh Awpxw Aslw zwieAw nhIN krnw cwhuMdy sn[ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik ieh AYkSn ibRitS A&sr dIAW hdwieqW muqwibk kIqw igAw sI jo ies dw jvwby-Aml (rIAYkSn) dyKxw cwhuMdw sI[ ies qoN bwAd aus A&sr ny iek plwn iqAwr kIqI sI ijs nUM ieMdrw gWDI ny mnzUrI id`qI sI[ Xwin ies pwln ivc mrgryt QYcr pUrI qrHW Swiml sI[
mrgryt QYcr dI ies kwrvweI dw rwz KolHdIAW ieh ^u&IAw ic`TIAW 6 &rvrI 1984 Aqy 23 &rvrI 1984 dIAW hn[ 6 &rvrI dI ic`TI brwien hwl (pRweIvyt sYktrI tU &w`rn minstr jY&rI hOvy) dI 3 &rvrI dI ic`TI dy jvwb ivc hY[ ieh ic`TI AY&.eI.Awr. btlr (ipRMsIpl pRweIvyt sYktrI tU mwrgryt QYcr) v`loN ilKI hY ijs ivc ikhw igAw hY ik “swnUM id`lI qoN Arz AweI hY ik ieMdrw gWDI nwl „mqByd r`Kx vwly‟ is`KW nUM drbwr ivcoN k`Fx vwsqy slwh id`qI jwvy” {not: ies ivc aunHW nUM dihSqgrd jW v`KvwdI vI nhIN ikhw igAw qy isr& srkwr nwl y „mqByd r`Kx vwly‟, Xwin srkwr/ieMdrw gWDI dy ivroDI, ikhw igAw hY}[ ies ic`TI muqwibk QYcr ny &w`rn sYktrI (vzIr) nUM aus v`loN Bwrq srkwr dI mdd vwsqy bxweI plwn nUM kbUl kr ilAw hY Aqy Awpxy &OjI AYfvweIzr (A&sr) id`lI Byjx vwsqy ikhw sI[ (ies ic`TI dI iek-iek kwpI if&YNs minstrI dy ircrf motrwm Aqy kYbint d&qr dy ircrf hYt&Ilf nUM vI ByjI geI sI)[
dUjI ic`TI, 23 &rvrI 1984 dI hY jo bI.jy.pI &wl (pRweIvyt sYktrI tU &w`rn minstr jY&rI hOvy) v`loN ihaU tylr (pRweIvyt sYktrI tU hom sYktrI ilEn ibRtn) nUM ilKI geI hY[ ies dw hYifMg hI “is`K kimaUintI” hY[ ies ivc d`isAw igAw hY ik drbwr swihb „qy AYkSn krn dI plwn sbMDI, ieMglYNf dI srkwr dw iek AYs.ey.AYs. A&sr, ieMglYNf dI pRweIm minstr QYcr dI mnzUrI nwl, Bwrq igAw sI Aqy aus ny iek plwn iqAwr kIqI sI ijs nUM ieMdrw gWDI ny mnzUrI id`qI sI[ (Xwin ies ic`TI qoN sw& spSt hY ik ieh plwn ieMglYNf dy &OjI A&srW ny hI bxweI sI)[
iesy ic`TI ivc &w`rn sYktrI hor ilKdw hY ik Bwrq srkwr aus brqwnvI A&sr dI plwn „qy jldI hI AYkSn krygI[ ic`TI ivc ikhw igAw hY ik ies AYkSn (Xwin drbwr swihb „qy hmly) dw nqIjw pMjwb ivc i&rkU &swd BVkygw Aqy ies dw Asr ieMglYNf ivc rihMdy BwrqI BweIcwry „qy vI pvygw; ^ws kr ky jy ieh rwz KulH igAw ik ieMglYNf dw AYs.ey.AYs. A&sr ies (Xwin drbwr swihb „qy hmly) ivc Swiml sI[ {ies ic`TI dI iek-iek kwpI if&YNs minstrI dy rOibn btlr (nMbr 10, Xwin pRweIm minstr d&qr), ircrf motrwm (minstrI Aw& if&YNs Aqy kYbint d&qr dy ircrf hYt&Ilf (kYbnt Awi&s) nUM vI ByjI geI sI}[
13 Aqy 14 jnvrI 2014 dy idn ieh do ic`TIAW ieMtrnYt rwhIN swry pwsy PYl geIAW Aqy dunIAW Br ivc swry pwsy zbrdsq qU&wn auT KVw hoieAw[
mgroN 4 &rvrI 2014 dy idn brqwnIAw dy &w`rn sYktrI ivlIAm hyg ny brqwnvI pwrlImYNt ivc mMinAw ik brqwnIAw ny isr& slwh id`qI sI qy &OjI mdd nhIN id`qI sI[
ies mgroN Bwrq srkwr dy ^u&IAw mihkmy dy do sInIAr A&sr gYrI sksYnw qy Awr.AYn.rwE keI vwr lMfn Awey Aqy ieMglYNf dIAW ^u&IAw eyjMsIAW Aqy &Oj qoN slwh Aqy AgvweI lYNdy rhy[
&rvrI dy A^Ir Aqy ApRYl ivc do vwr drbwr swihb „qy hmlw krn dw pRogrwm bixAw pr, dovyN vwr, AYn mOky „qy ies nUM mulqvI kr id`qw jWdw irhw[ A^Ir 31 meI 1984 dI rwq nUM ieMdrw gWDI ny jnrl vYdXw nUM hmlw krn dy hukm jwrI kIqy Aqy pihlI jUn nUM qkrIbn iek l`K &OjW AMimRqsr v`l c`l peIAW[
hmly dI q&sIl
qkrIbn iek l`K &Oj ies swrI muihμm ivc, iek jW dUjy qrIky nwl, Swiml sn[ ienHW ivc, AwrmI, nyvI qy eyAr&ors, iqμny Swiml sn[ pihlI jUn ƒ cμfIgVH kol cμfI mμdr „2 kor‟ dy hY~fkuAwrtr ivc ky.AYs. brwV, lY&tInYNt jnrl ky. suμdrjI, Awr.AYs. idAwl Aqy keI hor &OjI A&sr iek`Ty hoey[ ienHW ivcoN suμdrjI pwiksqwn nwl hoeI 1965 dI lVweI ivc iek rjmYNt dw kmWfr irhw sI qy idAwl vI iesy lVweI ivc ih`sw lY rhI pYrwSUt rjmYNt dw iek myjr sI[ cμfI mμdr CwauxI ivc hoeI[ ies mIitμg ivc &Yslw hoieAw ik igAwnI zYl isMG* Aqy ieMdrw vloN id`qI hdwieq muqwibk drbwr swihb ‟qy hmlw kIqw jwxw sI Aqy swry kμplYks pUrw kbzw 48 qoN 72 Gμty ivc mukμml kIqw jwxw sI[ ies AYkSn dy do muK ih`sy sn: drbwr swihb ‟qy hmlw Aqy kbzw krnw (ApRySn blU stwr) Aqy AμimRqsr dI pwiksqwn v`l Aqy bwkI pμjwb nwl srh`d sIl krnw (ApRySn vu`f roz)[ srh`d sIl
krn dw kμm 11 kor XUint, ijs dw muKI lY&tInYNt jnrl ky. gOrI Sμkr sI, ƒ sONipAw igAw sI[ (*ieh korw JUT hY ik igAwnI zYl isMG nUM hmly dw pqw nhIN sI qy aus ny dsq^q nhIN sn kIqy[ drAsl ieh hmlw aus dI mrzI nwl hoieAw sI)[
ky.AYs. brwV pihlI jUn ƒ svyry qVkswr Awpxy ifptI brgyfIAr AYn.ky. qlvwV nwl AμimRqsr pu`j cu`kw sI[ ies vyly qk 15 ipAwdw fvIzn &Oj ƒ iqAwr kr ilAw igAw hoieAw sI[ ienHW dy hY~fkuAwtr ivc drbwr swihb, Akwl q^q swihb qy hor swry pwisEN imμt-imμt dI ^br puj rhI sI[ id`lI nwl ienHW dw is`Dw rwbqw sI jo &on rwhIN hw`t-lweIn ‟qy ho irhw sI[ ies dy nwl hI lY&tInYNt krnl ky.AYs. rμDwvw qy brgyfIAr fI.vI. rwE dI AgvweI hyT, drbwr swihb ‟coN sUhW hwisl krn dI ingrwnI kr rhy sn[ ies sbμD ivc aunHW dI mdd vwsqy 12 ibhwr btwlIAn qy 10 gwrf iqAwr KVHIAW sn[ vDyry sUh lYx vwsqy kYptn jsbIr rYxw drbwr swihb ‟c swdy kpiVAW ivc igAw[ ieμ\ 2 qwrI^ Swm qk &Oj ny drbwr swihb ‟qy hmly dI pUrI iqAwrI kr leI sI[ iesy rwq svw nON vjy ieμdrw ny tI.vI. ‟qy qkrIr kIqI[ tI.vI. ‟qy bolx l`igAW ieμdrw QkI hoeI, frI hoeI qy „^udkuSI qoN pihlW vwlI hwlq‟ ivc nzr Aw rhI sI[ ies qkrIr ivc aus ny &OjI hmly dI g`l nhIN kIqI, pr ijs vyly auh tI.vI. qy bol rhI sI, aus vyly iek ipAwdw btwlIAn „12-ibhwr‟ dy &OjI drbwr swihb ƒ Gyrw pw rhy sn[ sI.Awr.pI.AY&. ny pihloN hI drbwr swihb dy duAwly puzISnW leIAW hoeIAW sn[
id`lI ivc „AprySn blU stwr‟ dI swrI kwrvweI dI ingrwnI ieμdrw, rwjIv, Arux nihrU, Arux isμh vZYrw Awp kr rhy sn[
3 jUn ƒ qVky hI 12 ibhwr dy &OjIAW ny drbwr swihb dy Awly-duAwly swrIAW iemwrqW ivc morcy sμBwl ley sn[ aunHW kol hr qrHW dy mwrU hiQAwr sn[ ies XUint dw kmWifμg A&sr lY&tInYNt krnl rμDwvw sI[ aus ny hmly vwsqy itkwixAW dI inSwn-dyhI kr leI sI[ pihloN, pihlI jUn ƒ, sI.Awr.pI.AY&. ny vI drbwr swihb ‟qy AμnHy-vwh &wieirμg kr ky koiSS kIqI sI ik aus ƒ pqw lg sky ik mukwblw ik`QoN-ik`QoN hoxw hY[ pr aus idn KwVkUAW ny sI.Awr.pI.AY&. dI kwrvweI dw jvwb nhIN id`qw sI, ikauNik auh Aslw guAwauxw nhIN sn cwhuμdy[
3 jUn ƒ rwq dy 9 vjy swry pμjwb ivc 36 Gty vwsqy kri&aU lw id`qw igAw (mgroN ies ƒ hor vDw id`qw igAw sI)[ ies qoN sw& smiJAw jw skdw sI ik &Oj drbwr swihb ‟qy hmlw kr dyvygI[ drbwr swihb dy Aμdr bYTy KwVkUAW dI kmwn jnrl subyg isμG kol sI[ aus ny ies hmly dw Aμdwzw lw ilAw sI Aqy v`K-v`K QwvW ‟qy moricAW ivc KwVkUAW ƒ qweInwq kr id`qw sI[
3 qwrI^ dI rwq ƒ hI drbwr swihb qoN isr& 300 mItr dUr &Oj ny Awpxw kμtrol rUm kwiem kr ilAw sI[ ieh iek au~cI eImwrq dI auprlI mμizl ‟qy sI[ ies jgHw „Awrfrz grup‟, ijs ƒ brwV ny hukm dy ky lwgU krvwauxw sI, Aqy hor A&sr hwizr sn[ ienHW ivc 350 ipAwdw brgyf dw kmWfr Aqy ies hyT rKIAW cwr ipAwdw btwlIAnW dy kmWifμg A&sr vI sn[ ieh cwr btwlIAn sn: 10 gwrf, 26 mdrws, 12 ibhwr qy 9 kmwaUN[ iesy Swm ƒ jnrl suμdrjI Aqy idAwl vI fvIzn dy hY~f-kuAwtr ‟qy phuμc gey[
ies vyly AMimRqsr dw ifptI kimSnr gurdyv isMG sI[ aus ny rsmI qOr ‟qy vI drbwr swihb ‟qy hmly dI mnzUrI dyx vwsqy dsq^q krn qoN nWh kr id`qI[ ies ‟qy aus nUM Cu`tI ‟qy Byj ky aus dI QW ‟qy rmySieMdr isMG nUM lw id`qw igAw ijs ny cupcwp dsq^q kr id`qy[ (ies rmySieMdr nUM bwdl ny cI& minstr bxn ‟qy dovyN vwr Awpxw cI& sYktrI lwieAw sI)[
3-4 jUn 1984 dI rwq ƒ drbwr swihb dI ibjlI pwxI dw kunYkSn k`t id`qw igAw[ svyry cwr vj ky cwlI imμt ‟qy BwrqI &Oj ny drbwr swihb ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ sB qoN pihlW A`gy ByjIAW jwx vwlIAW cwr ipAwdw btwlIAnW Aqy do kμpnIAW dI igxqI dy brwbr kmWfo sn[ ies pihlI hmlwvr &Oj ƒ ieμ\ vμifAw igAw sI: (a) Akwl q^q swihb Aqy drbwr swihb dIAW au~qr-p`CmI bwhIAW (Gμtw Gr qoN Akwl q^q swihb qk dw ielwkw) = iek ipAwdw btwlIAn, iek kμpnI pYrw kmWfo, iek kμpnI spYSl bwrfr &ors (AYs.AY&.AYs.)[ (A) drbwr swihb vwsqy = kmWfo toilAW dI h`lw-bol tolI[ (e) drbwr swihb dIAW d`KxI qy pUrbI bwhIAW (Awtw mμfI, is`K rY&rYNs lwiebryrI, mμjI swihb,
bwbw Atl) = iek ipAwdw btwlIAn[ (s) ienHW swrIAW vwsqy rIzrv = iek ipAwdw btwlIAn[ (h) GyrwbμdI = iek ipAwdw btwlIAn[
&Oj ny hmlw krn vyly sB qoN pihlW rwmgVHIAw buμigAW Aqy gurU rwmdws srW dy ip`Cy vwlI tYNkI au~qy 106 AYm.AYm. dI qop Aqy 3.7 ieμc dI hwaUivtzr lwl goly dwgxy SurU kr id`qy[ ies lgwqwr golwbwrI nwl tYNkI tu`t geI Aqy buμigAW dw auprlw ih`sw burI qrHW qbwh ho igAw[ ies dy nwl hI ieh morcy ibnW iksy lVweI qoN ^qm ho gey[
BwvyN Asl lVweI 4 jUn svyry 4 vj ky 40 imμt qy SurU hoeI sI, pr &OjI hmly dw cI& brwV AwpxI ikqwb AprySn blU stwr ivc ies ƒ pμj jUn Swm swFy cwr vjy qoN ilKdw hY, jdoN aus muqwibk, &Oj ny lwaUf spIkrW rwhIN lokW ƒ drbwr swihb ‟coN bwhr Aw jwx vwsqy AwiKAw[ brwV muqwibk ieh AYlwn Swm 7 vjy qk kIqy jWdy rhy[ aus dw kihxw hY ik 7 vjy dy krIb isr& 129 AwdmI, AOrqW Aqy b`cy hI bwhr Awey[ ienHW bwlgW ivcoN bhuqy bImwr sn[ pr, brwV dI id`qI qwrI^ Aqy vkq dovyN Zlq hn[ brwV dI id`qI qwrI^ drAsl „Aw^rI v`fy hmly‟ dI SurUAwq dI qwrI^ hY[
brwV muqwibk &Oj ny aus rwq 10 vjy qk hotl „tYNpl ivaU‟ Aqy bRhm bUtw AKwVw ‟qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ ies qoN iqμn Gμty qoN vI G`t smyN dy Aμdr-Aμdr BwrqI &Oj dI „10 gwrf‟ Gμtw Gr vloN drbwr swihb v`l dwi^l hoeI[ dwi^l huμidAW hI Øies dy 50 &OjI KwVkUAW h`QoN mwry gey[ z^mI hox vwlIAW ivc jsbIr rYxw vI sI (jo 3 jUn ƒ drbwr swihb dy Aμdr jw ky, jwsUsI kr ky AwieAw sI)[ jsbIr rYxw ƒ lgIAW golIAW kwrn mgroN aus dI l`q vI ktxI peI sI[ (lok ies ƒ „ZdwrI dI szw‟ AwKdy hn)[ Gμtw Gr vloN 10 gwrf dy nwl-nwl pYrw kmWfo Aqy AYs.AYs.AYP. ny vI AprySn SurU kIqw sI[
sYNkVy &OjI QoVHw-QoVHw kr ky ieDroN Akwl q^q swihb v`l vDdy gey qy mwry jWdy rhy[ aunHW dw inSwnw Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq nyVy phuμc ky ies dy Aμdr gYs dy goly su`txw sI, ijs nwl KwVkU byhoS ho jWdy jW mwry jWdy[ pr ies inSwny ‟c &Oj ƒ kwmXwbI hwisl nw hoeI qy sYNkVy &OjI mwry gey[ aunHW zmIn ‟qy srk-srk ky, irVH-irVH ky vI A`gy v`Dx dI koiSS kIqI pr KwVkUAW vloN &rS ‟qy i&t kIqI mSIngμn ny sYNkVy &OjI mwr id`qy Aqy keI GμitAW bwAd hI BwrqI &OjI drSnI ifauFI dy nyVy pu`jx ‟c kwmXwb hoey, pr audoN hI hvw dw ruK aunHW v`l ho igAw, ijs nwl gYs dy goly aultw aunHW vwsqy hI musIbq bx gey[ hux qk Akwl q^q swihb, drSnI ifauFI qy inSwn swihb dy ivckwr isr& lwSW hI lwSW sn qy koeI vI &OjI bc nhIN sI sikAw[
ies AprySn dOrwn &Oj ny prkrmw dy swry kmirAW, ij`QoN-ij`QoN &Oj lμGdI geI, ivc grnyf su`t ky au~Qy hwizr hr iek S^s ƒ mwr id`qw[ pr Aijhw kridAW vI drjnW &OjI mwry gey[ bcy-Kucy &OjIAW dI AgvweI lY&tInYNt jnrl iesrwr ^wn ny sμBwlI hoeI sI[
dUjy pwsy rIzrv kμpnI ny AlmInIAm dI iek pOVI lweI qy auh prkrmw dI iemwrq dI pihlI mμizl ‟qy pu`j geI[ aunHW ny grnyf su`t ky Aqy golIAW dI vwCV kr ky Gμtw Gr dy iblkul nyVy dy kmirAW ‟qy kbzw krn dI koiSS kIqI[ ies AYkSn ivc vI bhuq swrI &Oj mwrI geI qy keI KwVkU vI jwn guAw bYTy[
auDr Akwl q^q swihb v`l BwvyN &OjIAW ƒ mOq qoN isvw kuJ nhIN sI hwisl ho sikAw, pr iPr vI aunHW ny Awpxw AYkSn jwrI r`iKAw[ hux lY&tInYNt jnrl ky.sI. p`fw Awpxy sUbydwr myjr qy 30 kmWfo lY ky A`gy viDAw[ pr auh swry hI mwry gey[ ies qoN bwAd &Oj dI iek tukVI gurduAwrw QVHw swihb dy nwl dI iemwrq ‟qy pu`j geI qy Akwl q^q swihb ‟qy goly vrHwxy SurU kr id`qy[ auDr hOlI-hOlI AYs.AYs.AY&. dI gYs su`tx vwlI tolI drSnI ifauFI vl vDI qy 20 mItr qoN Akwl q^q swihb ‟qy AμnHy-vwh goly su`txy SurU kIqy pr vrHdIAW golIAW ny aunW dw s&wieAw kr id`qw[ ienHW gYs-goilAW dw vI KwVkUAW ‟qy koeI Asr nw ho sikAw ikauNik Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq dy drvwzy, iKVkIAW qy rOSndwn sB pUrI qrHW bμd sn[ dUjw, JroiKAW ‟coN &OjIAW ‟qy golwbwrI ho rhI sI qy &OjI mwry jw rhy sn[ qIjw, gYs dy DUμey dw ru^ &Oj vwly pwsy hox kr ky vI &Oj dw bhuq nukswn ho irhw sI[
auDr 26 mdrws rjmYNt ny rwq 10 vjy jilHAW vwlw bwZ qoN gurU rwmdws srW v`l hmlw krnw sI jdoN ieh rjmYNt gurU rwmdws srW vwly pwsy dy myn gyt ‟qy pu`jI qW aus koloN ieh gyt Ku`l hI nw sikAw[ AKIr aus ny tYNk mμgvw ley qy tYNkW nwl srW vwly pwsy dw myn gyt qoiVAw[ ies vyly srW, lμgr Aqy bwbw Atl vwly moricAW qoN golIbwrI ny BwrqI &Oj dw A`gy vDxw rok id`qw[ hux tYNkW ny KwVkUAW dy
moricAW ‟qy zbrdsq golwbwrI SurU kr id`qI[ ies dy bwvjUd 26 mdrws bhuqw A`gy nw v`D skI[ hwlWik ies dw inSwnw drbwr swihb ‟c dwi^l ho ky prkrmw ivc d`KxI pwisEN Akwl q^q swihb v`l vDxw sI, pr ieh rjmYNt keI Gμty srW dy nyVy hI gih-g`c lVweI ivc PsI rhI[
jdoN 26 mdrws burI qrHW dI lVweI ‟c aulJ geI qW 9 gVHvwl dIAW do kμpnIAW ƒ Awtw mμfI vwly Gμtw Gr vloN hmlw krn vwsqy AwiKAw igAw[ aunHW dy ip`Cy 15 kmwaUN (2 kμpnIAW Gt) ny Awauxw sI[ 15 kmwaUN dI ieh &Oj gurU rwmdws invws, Akwl rYst hwaUs, qyjw isμG smuμdrI hwl Aqy SRomxI AkwlI dl dy d&qr ‟qy kbzw krn vwsqy rIzrv r`KI hoeI sI[ hux ies ƒ ies AYkSn dI jgHw d`KxI drvwzy v`l tor id`qw igAw[
9 gVHvwl dIAW kμpnIAW ny qVky fyF vjy qk is`K rY&rYNs lwiebryrI Aqy ies dy dohIN pwsIN mkwnW ‟qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ ies vyly qk 15 kmwaUN AYkSn Pors, lY&tInYNt jnrl AYn.sI. pμq dI kmwn hyT AYkSn ivc r`uJI hoeI sI[ brwV muqwibk 6 jUn qVky 2 vjy qk hwlwq ieμ\ sI:
(1) 10 gwrf dw bhuq v`fw nukswn ho cu`kw sI qy aus ny au~qrI Gμtw Gr ‟qy kbzw kr ilAw sI, pr Ajy vI prkrmw dy kmirAW ivc KwVkUAW dIAW golIAW BwrqI &OjIAW dIAW jwnW lY rhIAW sn[
(2) 26 mdrws d`KxI bwhI ivc phuμc cu`kI sI[
(3) 9 gVHvwl rweI&l dIAW do kμpnIAW d`KxI duAwr (is`K rY&rYNs lwiebryrI) dy dohIN pwsI kbzw kr cu`kIAW sn[
(4) 1 pYrw-kmWfo Aqy AYs.AYs.AY&. vloN Akwl q^q swihb qk pu`jx dIAW swrIAW koiSsW nwkwm rhIAW sn qy auh swry au~Qy jwx dI koiSS ivc mwry jw cu`ky sn[
drbwr swihb ‟qy tYNkW nwl hmlw
ies vyly brgyfIAr ey.ky. dIvwn (ic`kI) is`K rY&rYNs lwiebryrI kol Aw igAw[ brwV ny 26 mdrws, 15 kmwaUN qy 9 gVHvwl ƒ dIvwn dI kmwn hyT kr id`qw[ aunHW ƒ hdwieq sI ik auh Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq dw hI inSwnw r`Kx[ qVky FweI vjy qk dIvwn ny gVHvwl qy kmwaUN dI kmwn sμBwl ky AYkSn SurU kr id`qw sI[ aus vloN s^q golwbwrI SurU ho cu`kI sI[ pr ies dy bwvjUd BwrqI &Oj Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq v`l iek sYNtImItr vI nhIN sI v`D skI[ ies hwlq ivc dIvwn qy brwV ny tYNkW nwl hmlw krn dI plwn bxweI[ pr auh suμdrjI nwl rwbqw nw bxw sky[ A^Ir jdoN brwV dw suμdrjI nwl rwbqw hoieAw, aus ny ieμdrw gWDI qoN hukm lY ky prkrmw ivc tYNk Byjx dI iejwzq dy id`qI[
FweI qy pOxy iqμn vjy dy ivckwr pihlw tYNk gurU rwmdws srW (pUrbI bwhI) v`loN ilAWdw igAw[ tYNk ny prkrmw ivc dwi^l ho ky Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq vl src lweIt su`tI Aqy nwl hI golIAW dw mINh vrHwauxw SurU kr id`qw[ hux tYNk qoN Aqy swrIAW &OjI tukVIAW vloN Aw^rW dI golwbwrI SurU ho gI[ pr ieh AYkSn vI bhuqI dyr nw c`l sikAw, ikauNik src lweIt dIAW b`qIAW iek imμt qoN v`D jgwaux nwl hr vwr ienHW blbW dI qwr sV jWdI sI[ ies hwlq ivc BwrqI &Oj ny iek hor tYNk lY AWdw[ jdoN dUjy tYNk dy blbW dIAW qwrW sV geIAW qW qIjw tYNk vI Aμdr ilAWdw igAw[ QoVHI dyr mgroN qkrIbn cwr ku vjy iek b^qrbμd g`fI vI prkrmw ivc ilAWdI geI[ ies g`fI nMU ilAwaux vwsqy pirkrmw dIAW pOVIAW tYNk nwl qoVnIAW peIAW, ikauNik phIAW vwlI skOt ienHW pOVIAW qoN lμG nhIN sI skdI[
ies vyly qk 84 AYm.AYm. dy kwrl gusqwv (svIfn dy bxy) rONd Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq ‟qy su`ty jw rhy sn[ hux 15 kmwaUN dy kuJ dsqy b^qrbμd g`fI ivc bYT ky prkrmw ivcoN Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq vl v`Dy qW jo auh BwrqI &Oj dy rwktW dy hmilAW dI AwV ivc lμGdy Akwl q^q swihb qk jw pu`jx[ pr ieh b^qrbμd g`fI jdoN swFy cwr ku vjy Akwl q^q swihb dy nyVy pu`jI qW iek AYNtI-tYNk golw ies ‟qy Aw v`jw qy ieh au~Qy hI jwm ho geI[ hux srGI vylw ho igAw sI Aqy inμmHI-inμmHI rOSnI ho geI sI[ svyry 5 vj ky 10 imμt ‟qy ieμdrw gWDI ny Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq ƒ tYNkw rwhIN aufw dyx dw hukm dy id`qw[ 5 vj ky 21 imμt ‟qy tYNkW ny AμnHy-vwh golwbwrI SurU kr id`qI[ ijs nwl Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq dw G`to-G`t qIjw ih`sw jW qW iblkul hI Fih-FyrI ho igAw qy jW burI qbwh ho igAw[ ies dy nwl BwrqI &Oj dw vI bhuq nukswn ho irhw sI[ A^Ir pOxy ku Cy vjy ey-kmWfo kμpnI dw myjr bI.ky. imSrw Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq dIAW pOVIAW nyVy jw pu`jw pr auh Aqy aus dy swQI auQy hI FyrI ho gey[ ies qoN ielwvw dovyN kμpnIAW, jo q^q swihb dI iemwrq v`l vD rhIAW sn, vI KwVkUAW dI zbrdsq golwbwrI dw iSkwr ho geIAW[ aunHW ivcoN bhuq swry mwry gey qy bcy-Kucy pirkrmw dy brWfy ivc Aw ky luk gey[
svyry 6 vj ky 20 imμt qk BwrqI &Oj isr& bμdy mrvwaux ivc hI kwmXwb ho skI sI qy Akwl q^q swihb dy morcy ‟coN hor kuJ vI hwisl nhIN sI kr skI[ ies mgroN sUbydwr ky.pI. rmn rvI dI AgvweI hyT kuJ kmWfo q^q swihb dI iemwrq v`l vDy[ auh swry Akwl q^q swihb dIAW pOVIAW ‟c pu`j gey[ KwVkUAW ny sUbydwr rvI ƒ kwbU kr ilAw Aqy aus dy ijsm dy duAwly bwrUd dIAW lVIAW bμnH ky aus ƒ aufw id`qw qy bwkI dy kmWfo vI mwr id`qy[
svyry swFy s`q vjy qk BwrqI &OjIAW dIAW lwSW dw Fyr l`g cu`kw sI[ hux ivjXμq tYNkW ny 105 AYm.AYm. dy Dmwkw^yz sUkYS hY~f goly Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq ‟qy su`txy SurU kr id`qy[ iek somy muqwibk Gto-G`t 80 Aijhy goly Akwl q^q swihb vl su`ty gey[ dupihr 11 vjy qk ieh lVweI cldI rhI[ ies dOrwn bwbw jrnYl isμG iBμfrWvwly, BweI AmrIk isμG, (jnrl) subyg isμG Aqy drjnW hor is`K ShId ho cu`ky sn[ Akwl q^q swihb ‟coN kuJ is`K ipCly pwisEN bc ky inkl vI cu`ky sn[
Akwl qKq swihb ‟qy kbzy mgroN BwrqI &Oj ƒ isr& KwVkUAW dIAW lwSW Aqy cμd iek Coty-moty hiQAwrW qoN isvw kuJ vI nw imilAw[ BwvyN BwrqI &Oj ny dwAvw kIqw hY ik 6 jUn ƒ dupihry 11 vjy kuJ KwVkU Akwl q^q swihb dI iemwrq qoN inkl ky srovr vl B`jy qW jo qYr ky drbwr swihb jw skx, pr &Oj ny aunHW ƒ golIAW nwl aufw id`qw qy ieμ\ hI 10 KwVkU ic`tw J`fw lihrw ky q^q swihb dI iemwrq coN inkl ky bwhr Awey qy &Oj ny aunHW nUM igR&qwr kr ilAw[ Akwl q^q swihb qoN srovr qk pu`jx qk hzwrW golIAW dI vwCV qoN bcxw nwmumikn sI qy ieμ\ hI ic`tw Jμfw lY ky Awaux vwly ƒ igR&qwr krn dI g`l vI JUTI hY, ikauNik &Oj ny ies mOky ‟qy iksy vI KwVkU ƒ igR&qwr nhIN kIqw, blik isr& golI nwl hI aufwieAw sI[ Swied brwV hiQAwr su`tx dI g`l AwK ky &Oj dI koeI „kwmXwbI‟ swibq krnI cwhuμdw hY[ drAsl Akwl q^q swihb dy mUhry gih-g`c lVweI hoeI sI qy cSmdId gvwhW muqwibk iek vI KwVkU au~QoN ijaUNdw nhIN sI PiVAw igAw[
(A) drbwr swihb „qy hmly dy kuJ Anjwxy p`K
dunIAW Br dI sB qoN v`fI AsWvIN lVweI
dunIAW Br ivc bhuq swrIAW lVweIAW AswvIAW lVweIAW mMnIAW geIAW hn ijnHW ivc iek pwsy muT kU lok sn qy aunHW kol Aslw vI QOVHw jW mwmUlI ijhw sI qy dUjy pwsy bhuq qwkqvr, v`fIA Aqy Asly nwl BrpUr &Oj sI[ ienHW ivcoN A`DIAW qoN vD jMgW is`KW ny lVIAW sn, ijvyN cmkOr (7-8 dsMbr 1705), lohgVH (30 nvMbr 1710), Akwl q^q (1 dsMbr 1764), swrwgVHI (12 sqMbr 1897)[ pr sB qoN lwswnI sI jUn 1984 dI lVweI[ 4 qoN 6 jUn 1984 dI drbwr swihb dI lVweI ny dunIAW Br dIAW jMgW dI qvwrI^ bdl ky r`K id`qI[ isr& 444 vrg Pu`t jgh „qy kbzw krn vwsqy iek pwsy dunIAW Br dI cOQI v`fI &Oj dy iek l`K qoN vD &OjI, dunIAW Br dy sB qoN nvW Aslw, tYknwlojI Aqy shUlqW sxy (ijs ivc hYlIkwptr, b^qrbMd g`fIAW, bMb, tYNk vI swiml sn) Aqy dUjy pwsy sn: Bu`Ky Bwxy 125 dy krIb AisiKAq nOjvwn sn[ Blky Swied qvwrI^ pVHn vwly ieh mMnx qoN Jk jwx ik kI ieh jMg scmuc hoeI sI ijs ivc AYfI v`fI qwkq nUM eynI kU jgh „qy kbzw krn vwsqy eyny kU bMidAW ny iqMn idn A`gy leI r`iKAw[
lVweI dy hIro kOx sn?
ies jMg dw swrw pYNqVw jnrl subyg isMG ny iqAwr kIqw sI[ sB qoN vD qkVw morcw (jQydwr qlivMdr isMG dy swQI qy ismrnjIq isMG mwn dI srprsqI vwly) AmrjIq isMG KymkrnI dw sI[ aunHW qoN ielwvw nwgoky dy juJwrU Swied sB qoN vD lVy sn[ bIbIAW ivcoN aupkwr kOr Aqy prmjIq kOr sMDU ny bIbI iB`KW cOhwn (6 dsMbr 1705) vwlw swkw muV duhrwieAw sI[ KwVkUAW dI igxqI iksy qrHW nwl vI 125 qoN vD nhIN sI[
BwrqI &Oj ny ieh lVweI SrwbI ho ky lVI
drbwr swihb Aqy hor QWvW ‟qy hmlwvr &OjIAW ny swrI lVweI SrwbI ho ky lVI sI[ iek srkwrI irport muqwibk &Oj ny isr& pμjwb ivcoN hI 7 l`K boqlW rμm dIAW, 30 hzwr ivskI dy ADIey, 60 hzwr brWfI dy ADIey qy iek l`K 60 hzwr bIAr dIAW boqlW ^rIdIAW sn[ ieh swrIAW pμjwb srkwr dy „tYks Aqy AYksweIz‟ mihkmy ny iek notI&IkySn rwhIN tYks-&rI kr ky &Oj ƒ „AprySn blU stwr‟ vwsqy muh`eIAw kIqIAW sn[ ies qoN ielwvw hzwrW f`bIAW isgrtW vI muh`eIAw kIqIAW geIAW[ BwrqI &OjI drbwr swihb dI hdUd ivc SryAwm isgrtW pINdy rhy[
mwry gey is`KW dIAW lwSW nwl kI slUk kIqw igAw?
BwrqI &Oj nUM hukm sI drbwr siwhb ivcoN iksy vI is`K nUM igR&qwr nhIN krnw; jo vI nzr Awvy aus nUM golI mwr dyxI hY[ ies dy bwvjUd iek &OjI A&sr ny bygunwh lokW nUM golI mwrn dI bjwie aunHW nUM igR&qwr kr ilAw qy aunHW dy h`Q ip`T ip`Cy bMnH ky ibTw ilAw igAw[ pr A^Ir &OjI jrnYlW dy hukm hyT aunHW kYd kIqy is`KW nUM vI golIAW mwr ky mwr id`qw igAw[ jd kuJ lwSW dw post mwrtm hoieAw qW aunHW ivc ip`T ip`Cy bMny h`QW vwly ieh lok vI Swiml sn (rozwnw „tweImz‟ lMfn, 14 jUn 1984)[ 6 jUn dI Swn qk drbwr swihb kMplYks ivc hr pwsy lwSW dy Fyr sn[ sYNkVy &OjIAW dIAW lwSW &OjI tr`kW ivc iljweIAW geIAW Aqy is`KW dIAW lwSW Fox vwsqy imaUNspl kmytI dIAW kUVW cu`kx vwlIAW trwlIAW ilAWdIAW geIAW[ lwSW cu`kx vwly BMgIAW (s&weI syvkW) nUM lwlc id`qw igAw ik lwSW dy boiJAW ivcoN jo vI mwl m`qw imly auh rK skdy hn[ aunHW swirAW nUM Srwb dIAW boqlW id`qIAW geIAW qy aunHW Srwb dy nSy ivc lwSW dI boA dI prvwh nw krdy hoey ienHW lwSW ƒ AimRqsr qy Awly-duAwly dy SmSwn GwtW ivc iek`TIAW kr ky ibnW iksy Dwrimk rsmW dy PUk id`qw[ lwSW Fox dw kμm 6 qy 7 jUn dovyN idn, idn rwq, cldw irhw[ieh swrw kuJ fI.sI. rmySieMdr isMG dI ingrwnI hyT kIqw igAw[ (suBwS ikrpwkr Aqy bRhmw cylwnI ny ies swrI hwlq ivcoN bhuqw kuJ nUM A`KIN vyK ky AwpxIAW ilKqW ivc ibAwn kIqw hY)[
2 qoN 12 swl dI aumr dy is`K dihSqgrd jylH ivc
BwrqI &Oj ny drbwr swihb kMplYks ivc hzwrW is`K XwqrUAW dw byrihmI nwl kql kIqw[ ienHW XwqrUAW ivcoN keIAW dy nwl in`ky in`ky b`cy vI Awey hoey sn[ijhVy b`cy drbwr swihb dI prkrmw ivc su`qy pey sn aunHW nUM qW &Oj ny mW ipE dy nwl hI golIAW nwl BuMn id`qw sI pr ijhVy b`cy srwvW ivc rih gey sn aunHW dy mwipAW dy mrn ip`CoN &Oj ny ienHW 39 b`icAW, ijnHW dI aumr 2 qoN 12 swl qk sI, nUM „dihSqgrd‟ kih ky igR&qwr kr ilAw[ ieh „dihSqgrd‟ b`cy luiDAwxw jylH ivc r`Ky gey sn[ auQy ienHW vwsqy koeI ingrwn nhIN sI qy v`fy (11-12 swl dy) b`cy in`ky b`icAW dI dyK Bwl krdy sn[ aunHW nUM ieh vI pqw nhIN sI ik aunHW dy mW bwp mr cuky sn[ kwnUMn (iclfrn AYkt 1960 qy 1976) muqwibk ies aumr dy b`cy nUM jylH ivc r`Kx dI s^q mnwhI hY[ pr is`KW dy ienswnI h`k qW huMdy hI nhIN! A^Ir sqMbr ivc kmlw dyvI c`topwDIAw nW dI iek ienswnI hkUk dI iek AlMbrdwr ny ies sbMDI Bwrq dI suprIm kort ivc dr^wsq id`qI qW ienHW b`icAW dI KlwsI hoeI (ies qoN pihlW ik suprIm kort dw hukm auQy pu`jdw ienHW ivcoN kuJ b`cy nwBw jylH ivc Byj idq`y gey sn jo keI keI swl jylH ivc rhy[
zwlm &OjIAW nUM AYvwrf
BwrqI &Oj ny lokW „qy eyny zulm kIqy ik iek Awm bMdw qrwh-qrwh kr auTdw hY; pr Bwrq srkwr ny ienHW &OjIAW nUM ienswnI h`kW dw Gwx krn dy bdly ivc AYvwrf id`qy[ cyqy rhy ik 1948, 1962, 1965 qy 1971 ivc BwrqI &Oj ny pwiksqwn Aqy cIn dy i^lw& jMgW lVIAW sn[ aunHW jMgW ivc duSmx dy i^lw& lVidAW keI &OjIAW ny kmwn dI bhwdrI idKwey sn[ aunHW ivcoN iksy nUM AYvwrf Aqy eInwm dyx vwsqy kdy koeI smwgm nhIN kIqw igAw sI, pr, drbwr swihb „qy hmly dOrwn „bhwdrI idKwaux‟ bdly 10 julweI 1985 dy idn aucycw smwgm kr ky Bwrq dy rwStrpqI zYl isMG ny ienHW „bhwdr &OjIAW‟ nUM AYvwrf id`qy[
BwrqI &Oj dy muKI zYl isMG dw drbwr swihb Awauxw
jUn 1984 dy pihly h&qy BwrqI &Oj v`loN drbwr swihb qbwhI ƒ ijhVw vI is`K suxdw aus dy Aμdr Bwrq vwsqy qy ieμdrw vwsqy hor Aqy n&rq suqy-is`D AwauxI hI sI[ ies swry ‟qy prdw pwaux vwsqy qy is`KW dy roh ƒ TμifAW krn vwsqy frwmy vjoN Bwrq dw rwStrpqI zYl isMG 8 jUn ƒ AμimRqsr ilAWdw igAw[ ikauNik auh BwrqI &OjW dw muKI sI, ies kr ky aus ny AwpxI &Oj dI „kwmXwbI‟ ƒ vyKxw hI sI! Akwl q^q swihb dI qbwhI, drbwr swihb ‟qy 350 qoN golIAW dy inSwn, sVI hoeI kroVW ruipAW dI cwnxI, golIAW nwl z^mI hoieAw drbwr swihb ‟c ipAw gurU gRμQ swihb dw 1830 dw srup, corI kr leI geI is`K rY&rYNs lwiebryrI, drbwr swihb ivc isgrtW pINdy BwrqI &OjI vyK ky aus dy idl ivc drd nw jwigAw[ aus dI murdw rUh ƒ z^mI hoey-hoey drbwr swihb kμplYks ny nw tuμibAw[ iek byZYrq, jzbwq-rihq, murdw-rUh vWg auh AwieAw Aqy tI.vI. Aqy A^bwrW ivc qsvIrW Cpvw ky clw igAw[ ieQy hI b`s nhIN ieμdrw gWDI dy ies „JwVU-brdwr‟ ny iek qkrIr ivc ies „mhwn kwrnwmy‟ ƒ h`k-bjwnb vI TihrwieAw qy mgroN hmlw krn vwilAW nUM mYfl vI id`qy[ zYl isMG dI PyrI vyly iek is`K ny &wieirMg vI kIqI ijs nwl (rUhwnI qOr ‟qy mr cukw) zYl qW bc igAw pr iek krnl nUM golI v`jI[ aus vyly drbwr swihb is`KW vwsqy bYn sI pr zYl isMG dy Awaux ‟qy drbwr swihb ivc kIrqn krn vwsqy rwgI j`Qw ilAWdw igAw; aus vyly rwgI suirMdr isMG ptnw swihb kIrqn kr rhy sn; zYl isMG dy Awaux „qy aunHW ny BweI gurdws dw slok „kuqw rwj bhwlIAY iPr c`kI c`ty‟ gwieAw Aqy zYl isMG nUM aus dI AslIAq d`sI[
drbwr swihb ‟qy hmly dOrwn ikMny lok mry?
drbwr swihb ‟qy hmly dOrwn BwvyN srkwr ny Awpxy „vHweIt pypr‟ (jUn 1984) ivc ikhw sI ik aus hmly dOrwn isr& 83 &OjI qy 493 is`K mry sn[ pr, 20 jUn 1984 dy idn, BwrqI &Oj dy myjr jnrl Awr.ky. gOV ny 4 A&srW, 4 jy.sI.sIz. Aqy 92 &OjIAW dw mrnw mMinAw); srkwr ny 287 &OjIAW dw z^mI hoxw Aqy 121 is`KW dw P`tV hoxw mμinAw sI[ mgroN 1987 ivc rwjIv gWDI ny nwgpur ivc mIfIAw kol 700 &OjIAW dw mrnw kbUl kIqw sI[ pr ^u&IAw irportW muqwibk 1208 &OjI, 125 dy krIb KwVkU Aqy 3228 is`K XwqrU qy bμglwdySI muswi&r mwry gey sn; ZYr-srkwrI soimAW muqwibk z^mIAW ivc 3000 &OjI, 12 KwVkU Aqy 1526 is`K qy bμglwdySI muswi&r Swiml sn[ (srkwr muqwibk hor gurduAwirAW vZYrw ‟c hmilAW dOrwn 9 &OjI qy 60 is`K mwry gey sn[ srkwr ny drbwr swihb ‟coN 1592, hor gurduAwirAW ‟coN 796 qy bwkI jgh qoN 2324, kul 4712, is`KW dIAW igR&qwrIAW mμnIAW hn)[
dunIAW Br ivc is“KW v`loN ros
drbwr swihb ‟qy hmly dy i^lw& KuSvμq isμG, fw: gμfw isμG, Bgq pUrn isμG, swDU isμG hmdrd, vZYrw ny pdmsRI dy i^qwb vwips kr id`qy[ crnjIq isμG kokw kolw kWgrs C`f igAw[ divMdr isMG grcw qy kYptn Amirμdr isμG ny kWgrs pwrtI Aqy lok sBw qoN AsqI&y dy id`qy[ isrdwr ismrnjIq isμG mwn ny fI.AweI.jI. dy Ahudy vwlI nOkrI qoN AsqI&w dy id`qw qy zYl isMG nUM zbrdsq ros vwlI icTI vI ilKI[ Aijhy ros hor vI keI is`KW ny zwihr kIqy sn[ pr 1947 ivc vwrs Swh nUM AwvwzW mwrn vwlI AMimRqw pRIqm qy aus vrgy byZYrqW dy AMdr dw ienswn nw jwigAw[
ivdySW ivc is`KW ny hr pwsy zbrdsq ros jlUs k`Fy[ sB qoN v`fy jlUs lμfn, vwiSμgtn, vYnkUvr, trWto, Eslo vZYrw ivc k`Fy gey sn[ ienHW ivc l`KW is`KW ny ih`sw ilAw[
drbwr swihb „qy hmlw Aqy BwrqI isAwsqdwn
drbwr swihb ‟qy hmly dI izμmydwrI, Awm qOr ‟qy zYl isMG, ieμdrw gWDI, rwjIv gWDI Aqy kWgrs pwrtI ‟qy pweI jWdI hY[ bhuqy qwrI^dwn ienHW ƒ hI mujirm AwKdy hn[ audoN BwrqI jnqw pwrtI Aqy kimaUinstW ny vI ieμdrw dI r`jvIN ihmwieq kIqI sI[(Bwjpw ny qW ieMdrw gWDI nUM durgw kih ky aus dI pUjw vI kIqI sI)[ AfvwnI ny mwrc 2008 ivc CpI AwpxI jIvnI ivc ieh mMinAw hY ik auh drbwr swihb ‟qy hmly vwsqy ieMdrw ‟qy vwr-vwr zor pwauNdy rhy sn[
auN\ swrIAW pwrtIAW AμdroN-AμdrI mμndIAW rhIAW ik ieμdrw dy ies AYkSn dy ipCokV ivc inSwnw is`KW dw p`qw vrq ky ihμdU vot lY ky coxW ij`qxw hI sI[ pr dUjy pwsy, ieμdrw qoN bwAd jdoN vI.pI. isμh, cμdr SyKr, dyvgOVw, guujrwl, vwjpweI, mnmohn isMG Bwrq dy pRDwn mμqrI bxy qW aunHW ny vI kdy vI ies hmly ƒ Zlq nhIN AwiKAw Aqy nw hI iksy ies dI srkwrI pDr ‟qy muAw&I hI mμgI[ swry isr& ies ƒ „A&sosnwk‟, „mMdBwgw‟, „muV ky nw hovy‟ AwK ky il&w&ybwzI krdy rhy[ hor qW hor cμdr SyKr vrgyy AwgU, ijnHW ny drbwr swihb ‟qy hmly dI inμdw kIqI sI, vI mgroN jdoN srkwr ivc Awey qW aunHW dI bolI bdl geI[ pr, AYn.tI. rwmw rwE, suBrwmnIAm svwmI, rwm jyTmlwnI qy kuJ horW ny sw& l&zW ivc hmySw ies hmly dI hmySw pUrI qrHW inμdw kIqI[
bwbw jrnYl isMG iBMfrWvwlw dI ShIdI kbUlI
jQw iBMfrW-mihqw (jo Awpxy Awp nUM 1977 qoN dmdmI tkswl kihx lg ipAw hY) 1984 qoN lgwqwr iehI kihMdw irhw hY ik bwbw jrnYl isMG 6 jUn 1984 dy idn ShId nhIN hoey sn Aqy ^u&IAw rsqy rwhIN drbwr swihb ivcoN inkl ky cly gey sn[ ies fyry dy muKI Twkr isMG ny ieh g`l gurU gRMQ swihb dI hzUrI ivc keI vwr khI ik bwbw jrnYl isMG TIk Twk hn Aqy aunHW nwl aus (Twkr isMG) dw rwbqw lgwqwr kwiem hY; aus ny Aqy ies fyry dy bwkI AwgUAW ny gurU gRMQ swihb dI hzUrI ivc ieh JUT lgwqwr 21 swl boilAw; A^Ir ienHW ivcoN bhuiqAW ny, sxy bwbw jrnYl isMG dy prvwr ny, 6 jUn 2001 dy idn bwbw jrnYl isMG dI ShIdI mMn leI[
(fwktr hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)