23 Agsq
1921: gurU dw bwZ ‘qy SRomxI kmytI dw kbzw ho igAw
AµimRqsr qoN qkrIbn 23 iklomItr dUr (rwjwsWsI qoN A`gy) ipµf Gu`kyvwlI ivc gurduAwrw gurU-dw-bwg hY[ ieh gurduAwrw gurU Arjn swihb Aqy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI Xwd ivc bixAw hoieAw hY[ is`K srdwrW ny ies gurduAwry nwl vI kw&I zmIn lweI sI jo mgroN AµgryzW ny hV`p leI sI[ ie`QoN dw mhµq suµdr dws sI[ lokW ƒ aus dy ie^lwk bwry bhuq iSkwieqW sn[ 31 jnvrI 1921 dy idn dwn isµG vCoAw dI AgvweI ivc kuJ is`K aus kol gey Aqy aus ƒ Awpxw suDwr krn vwsqy AwiKAw[ mhµq ny Awpxy kol 50-60 bµdy iek`Ty kIqy hoey sn[ jdoN mhµq ny vyiKAw ik is`K aus ƒ k`Fxw nhIN cwhuµdy qW aus ny is`KW nwl smJOqw kr ilAw Aqy ilKqI dsqwvyz ’qy dsqKæq vI kr id`qy[ smJOqy muqwibk aus ny AwpxI rKYl nwl ivAwh krnw mµn ilAw Aqy SRomxI kmytI v`loN nwmzd kIqI kmytI dIAW hdwieqW muqwibk mirAwdw inBwaux dw vwAdw kIqw[ gurduAwry dy ieµqzwm vwsqy iek 5 mYNbrI kmytI cuxI geI[ 8 &rvrI ƒ mhµq ny AµimRq vI Ck ilAw[ aus dw nvW nW joigµdr isµG qy aus dI rKYl eISrI dw nW igAwn kOr r`iKAw igAw[ dohW ny Akwl q^q swihb ’qy hwzr ho ky ivAwh krvw ilAw[
qkrIbn 2 mhIny qk gurU-dw-bwg gurduAwry dw ieµqzwm TIk-Twk cldw irhw pr jdoN srkwr ny AkwlIAW ’qy s^qI dw dOr clwauxw SurU kIqw Aqy bhuq swry AwgUAW ƒ gurduAwirAW ’qy kbzw krn dy nW ’qy igR&qwr kr ilAw qW ApRYl 1921 ivc ieh mhµq vI iv`tr igAw[ ies mgroN do iqµn mhIny is`K mhµq ƒ smJwaux dI koiSS krdy rhy pr jdoN mhµq nw tilAw qW 23 Agsq 1921 dy idn is`K sµgqW ny gurduAwry au~qy kbzw kr ilAw[ mhµq ny srkwry drbwry phuµc kIqI pr jdoN AYs.pI. mYk&rsn mOkw vyKx pu`jw qW aus ny gurduAwry ’qy AkwlIAW dy kbzy dI qsdIk kIqI Aqy AkwlIAW dI ih&wzq vwsqy pulIs vI qweInwq kr id`qI[ kuJ idnW bwAd AkwlIAW dy AwKx ’qy pulIs ƒ vwps bulw ilAw igAw[
pr Agly swl Agsq ivc srkwr dI cu`k ivc Aw ky mhMq ny iPr JgVw KVw kr ilAw ijs nwl ‘gurU-dw-bwZ’ morcw l`gw[ gurduAwrw gurU dw bwZ dy lµgr vwsqy bwlx dI l`kV gurduAwry dI zmIn ivc KVy ik`kr dy dr^qW qoN ilAWdI jWdI sI[ 8 Agsq 1922 dy idn pµj AkwlI lµgr vwsqy iek su`ky ik`kr dI l`kV k`t ky ilAwey[ aunHW ƒ 9 Agsq dy idn fµnt (fI. sI.) dy hukm hyT igR&qwr kr ilAw igAw[ hor qW hor ies sbµD ivc swbk mhµq suµdr dws ny ilKqI qOr ’qy koeI iSkwieq vI nhIN kIqI sI qy is`K coKy icr qoN lµgr vwsqy l`kV ie`QoN iljWdy rhy sn[ 10 Agsq ƒ pulIs A&sr imstr bItI (Beaty) gurU dw bwZ phuµicAw Aqy mhµq koloN ilKqI iSkwieq lY leI[ iesy idn 8 Agsq ƒ igR&qwr kIqy is`KW ƒ kwhlI ivc Cy mhIny dI kYd qy 50 rupey jurmwnw kr id`qw igAw[ies mgroN vI is`K l`kV k`tdy rhy sn pr 22 Agsq 1922 dy idn srkwr ny l`kV k`tx vwly is`KW ƒ Pyr igR&qwr krnw SurU kr id`qw[ 24 Agsq qk 180 igR&qwrIAW ho cu`kIAW sn[ 25 Agsq ƒ 30 hor is`K igR&qwr kIqy gey[ 25 Agsq ƒ jdoN 136 is`KW dw jQw gurU kw bwg igAw qW pulIs ny is`KW ƒ igR&qwr krn dI QW ku`txw SurU kr id`qw[ qkrIbn 100 is`KW ƒ pulIs ny vihSIAwxw qrIky nwl fWgw mwr-mwr ky burI qrHW z^mI kr id`qw[
31 Agsq qoN rozwnw iek sO is`KW dw jQw Akwl q^q swihb qoN gurU dw bwZ jwx l`g ipAw[ ies jQy dy nwl iek AYNbUlYNs vI hoieAw krdI sI[ ies jQy rwh ivc rwjwsWsI, CInw qy gumtwlw pu`l ’qy rok ilAw jWdw Aqy lwTIAW mwr-mwr ky hr iek ƒ byhoS kr id`qw jWdw[ jdoN swry is`K byhoS ho jWdy qW pulIs aunHW vwlW qoN PVH ky, DUh ky, ickV vwly toieAW ivc su`t idAw krdI sI[ ies mgroN mYfIkl tIm AwpxI kwrvweI SurU kirAw krdI sI[ ienHW swry z^mIAW ƒ AµimRqsr iljwieAw jWdw sI Aqy SRomxI kmytI v`loN clwey hspqwlW ’c dwi^l kIqw jWdw sI[ z^mIAW dy ielwj ’qy SRomxI kmytI dw rozwnw ^rc 2000 rupey qoN vDyry sI[ ies swrI kwrvweI ƒ bhuq swry lok vyKx AwauNdy sn Aqy iek AmrIkn pwrtI ny qW ies mwrkutweI dI i&lm vI iqAwr kIqI sI[ kYptn ey.AYl.vrgIs dI ies i&lm dw nW sI “AYksklUisv ipkcr Aw& ieMfIAwz mwritArfMm[” mgroN brqwnvI srkwr ny koiSS kIqI ik ieh i&lm CwieAw nw kIqI jwvy pr vrgIz nw mMinAw[12 sqµbr ƒ iek mShUr eIsweI pwdrI sI.AY&. AYNfiraUz (jo AYNglIkn crc dw pRcwrk sI qy 1904 qoN klk`qw ivc rih irhw sI) AµimRqsr AwieAw[ aus ny AµimRqsr dy hspqwlW ivc gurU dw bwZ morcy dy P`tVW dI hwlq vyKI[ Swm vyly auh gurU dw bwZ ivc pu`ijAw[ aus ny au~Qy gurduAwry dy drSn kIqy[ aus ny is`KW ’qy pulIs dw zulm AwpxIAW A`KW nwl vyiKAw[ aus ny ies mwr-kutweI nUM “hYvwnIAq BrI, jWglI, iGxwauxI, buzidlwxw, iek AMgryz vwsqy nw-mMnxXog kwrvweI Aqy ieMglYNf dI rUhwnI hwr” ikhw; aus ny ikhw ik “mYnUM jwpdw sI ik gurU dw bwZ ivc hzwrW eIsw msIh sUlI ’qy cVHwey jw rhy hn[”auh Agly idn 13 sqµbr ƒ pµjwb dw gvrnr AµimRqsr AwieAw[ AYNfiraUz ny gvrnr ƒ iml ky gurU kw bwZ ’c pulIs dy zulm bwry g`lbwq kIqI[ aus idn gvrnr Awp gurU dw bwZ igAw[ aus nwl pµjwb kONsl dy kuJ mYˆbr vI sn[ ies mgroN gvrnr ny is`K jiQAW dI ku`t-mwr bµd krvw id`qI Aqy hukm jwrI kIqw ik A`gy qoN ienHW ƒ igR&qwr kr ilAw jwvy[ 17 nvµbr 1922 qk 5605 is`K igR&qwr kIqy jw cu`ky sn[ ienHW ivc SRomxI kmytI dy 35 mYNbr vI Swiml sn[ srkwr ny morcy qoN Cutkwrw pwaux vwsqy bhwnw l`Bxw SurU kr id`qw[ A^Ir srkwr ny gurU dw bwZ gurduAwry dI zmIn rwey bhwdr gµgw rwm ƒ mhµq koloN kwgzW ivc Tyky ’qy idvw id`qI[ ies mgroN gµgw rwm ny srkwr ƒ ilK ky dy id`qw ik aus ƒ pulIs dI mdd dI zrUrq nhIN[ ies ’qy pulIs au~QoN ht geI Aqy igR&qwrIAW bµd ho geIAW[
gurU dw bwZ dy zulmW dw crcw dunIAW Br ivc hoieAw[ bygunwh is`KW dI ku`t-mwr bwry ^brW swry pwsy CpIAW[ pVqwlIAw kmytI dI irport muqwibk 1656 is`KW ƒ mwr-ku`t nwl s`tW l`gIAW[ ienHW s`tW ivcoN keI qyz hiQAwrW, coBW Aqy bµdUk dy b`tW dy P`t vI sn[ pulIs dIAW fWgW dy DV qoN aupr 369, CwqI qy 300, idmwg Aqy isr ’qy 75, nlW ivc 19, pqwlU ’qy 60 s`tW dy inSwn sn[ ies qoN ielwvw h`fIAW qy dµd tu`tx, ipSwb dI qklI&, Aµg auqrx Aqy hor s`tW dy vI bhuq swry kys sn[ gurU dw bwg morcy ivc bhuq swry is`KW nUM gu`JIAW s`tW l`gIAW[ sqMbr 1922 ivc SRomxI kmytI ny gurU dw bwg ivc ku`tmwr dy z^mIAW dI iek ilst jwrI kIqI[ ies ivc 829 is`KW dy nW sn ijnHW ivcoN AMimRqsr dy 10, lwhOr dy 135. gurdwspur dy 109, jlMDr dy 102, huiSAwrpur dy 93, kpUrQlw dy 32, luiDAwxw dy 11, &Irozpur dy 6 Aqy bwkI hor izilHAW dy sn[ ies morcy ivc bhuq swry is`K ShId vI hoey[ ienHW ShIdW ivc iek ipRQIpwl isµG (jQydwr AkwlI jQw lwielpur) vI sI, jo 5 sqµbr dI mwr-ku`t nwl s^q z^mI ho igAw sI[ aus dy ijsm qy 100 qoN v`D z^mW dy inSwn sn[ ieh sI gurU dw bwZ morcy ’c srkwrI zulmW dI dwsqwn Aqy is`KW dIAW kurbwnIAW dI qvwrI^[ A^Ir ieh morcw vI is`KW ny Swn nwl &qih kIqw[
1987: srdUl isMG qy pRIqm isMG nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId
23 Agsq 1987 dy idn pMjwb puls ny iek ZrIb imsqrI srdUl isMG Aqy iek KwVkU pRIqm isMG nUM nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId kr id`qw[
1988: kvljIq isMG lvlI Bu`lr nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId
23 Agsq 1988 dy idn pMjwb puls ny kvljIq isMG lvlI (vwsI Bu`lr nyVy qrnqwrn) nUM nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId kr id`qw[
1989: blivMdr isMG ibMdI nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId
23 Agsq 1989 dy idn pMjwb puls ny blivMdr isMG ibMdI (pu`qr ipAwrw isMG) nUM nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId kr id`qw[
1992: nirMdr isMG Bwgo mwjrw, AmrIk isMG m`KxivMfI, sqnwm isMG vwsI qolo nMgl, hrdIp isMG k`kV qwrIeyN,blivMdr isMG qy keI hor is`K nklI mukwbly ivc ShId
qyeI Agsq 1992 dy idn puls ny nirMdr isMG (pu`qr ieMdrmohn vrmw, vwsI Bwgo mwjrw, nyVy KrV), AmrIk isMG (pu`qr svrn isMG, vwsI m`KxivMfI), sqnwm isMG aur& sk`qr isMG (pu`qr gurnwm isMG, vwsI qolo nMgl), hrdIp isMG aur& dIpw (p`qr kulvMq isMG, vwsI kwkV qrIn, qihsIl Ajnwlw, AMimRqsr), blivµdr isµG mµf, gurdrSn isµG, Syr isµG, drSn isµG, sqbIr isµG Aqy A`T hor is`KW nUM nklI mukwbilAW ivc ShId kr id`qw[
2002: p`lI iJ`kI dw swD DnvMq isMG kuVI dy ryp dy kys ivc igR&qwr kIqw igAw
2002 ivc nvWSihr dy nyVy dy ipMf p`lI iJ`kI fyry dy swD DnvMq isMG v`loN iek kuVI dw ryp krn dw kys swhmxy AwieAw[ Kwlsw pMcwieq jQybMdI dy AwgU aus kuVI nUM lY ky vydWqI kol cly gey[ vydWqI ny pihlW qW aus kuVI dy isr ’qy h`Q rK ky aus nUM iensw& dyx dw vwAdw kIqw pr mgroN vydWqI dy swly ipRQIpwl isMG DnvMq isMG qoN irSvq lY leI qy 10 meI 2002 nUM vydWqI ny DnvMq isMG nUM mwmUlI ijhI szw lw ky nwl hI kys ilAwaux vwilAW nUM vI szw lw id`qI[
hux kuVI ny kys pulIs nUM dy id`qw[ pulIs ny 23 Agsq 2002 dy idn DnvMq isMG nUM aus kuVI dy ryp kys ivc igR&qwr kr ilAw[ ies ’qy vydWqI bhuq AOKw hoieAw[ Kwlsw pMcwieq ny doS lwieAw ik vydWqI dy pI.ey qy swly ipRQIpwl ny DnvMq qoN 70 hzwr rupY irSvq leI hY[ ies qoN iKJ ky vydWqI ny Kwlsw pMcwieq dy pMj mYNbr vI qlb kr ley[ hux Kwlsw pMcwieq ny vydWqI dy AsqI&y dI mMg kIqI qy ikhw ik jy aus ny ds idn dy AMdr AsqI&w nw id`qw qW aus dy Gr dy bwhr Drnw mwirAw jwvygw (mgroN aunHW ny SRomxI kmytI dy d&qr dy bwhr Drnw mwrn dw AYlwn kIqw)[ ies mOky ’qy AKMf kIrqnI jQy dI bIbI AmrjIq kOr, mnjIq isMG kysgVH ny vydWqI (iek qrIky nwl DnvMq isMG) dI ihmwieq kIqI[
(mgroN 29 jnvrI 2004 dy idn DnvMq isMG nUM Adwlq ny 10 swl kYd qy jurmwny dI szw id`qI)[ Kwlsw pMcwieq jQybMdI ny AYlwn muqwibk 22 &rvrI 2002 dy idn Akwl q^q swihb ’qy Ardws kIqI Aqy 6-700 vrkr au~QoN qyjw isMG smuMdrI hwl vl cl pey[ jd ieh jQw joiVAW vwlI jgh ’qy pu`jw qW mihqw-cwvlw &YfrySn, SRomxI kmytI dy mulwzm Aqy bwdl DVy dy vrkr inh`Qy is`K mrdW Aqy AOrqW ’qy tu`t pey qy keIAW dIAW p`gW lwhIAW qy AOrqW dy vwl pu`ty Aqy aunHW ’qy qlvwrW (ikrpwn hmly vwsqy nhIN huMdI), fWgW qy p`QrW dw mINh vrHwieAw[ hmlwvrW dI AgvweI AlivMdrpwl isMG p`Koky qy jsivMdr isMG AYfvokyt (mYNbr SRomxI kmytI), rwijMdr isMG mihqw, gurcrn isMG gryvwl, pRo: srcWd isMG qoN ielwvw SRomxI kmytI dy keI sk`qr qy hor mulwzm kr rhy sn[ kWgrs dI hkUmq vwlI pulIs ny aultw Kwlsw pMcwieq dy AwgUAW nUM igR&qwr kr ky aunHW ’qy hI muk`dmy bxw id`qy[ ieh swry 15 idn mgroN 8 mwrc 2003 dy idn zmwnqW ’qy irhw hoey[
hrijMdr isMG idlgIr