gurU nwnk „dyv‟ ik gurU nwnk „swihb‟?
kuJ ilKwrI gurU nwnk swihb dy nW nwl “dyv” ilKdy hn[ Aijhy lok gurU AMgd swihb Aqy gurU Arjn swihb dy nW nwl vI “dyv” ilKdy hn[ ieh iblkul Zlq hY[ gurU nwnk swihb, gurU AMgd swihb qy gurU Arjn swihb ivcoN iksy dy nW nwl “dyv” kdy vI nhIN lgdw sI qy ieh ilKx dI rIq kuJ ku duhwikAW dI hY ies ip`Cy koeI Srwrq sI jW Anjwxqw-ieh qW vwihgurU hI jwxn[ pr ieh Zlq rIq AijhI c`lI ik „sRI‟ dI vrqoN vWg „dyv‟ vI is`KW ivc vVdw qy mnzUr huMdw clw igAw[
iek lyKk ny ieh iprq SurU hox bwry ieh dlIl id`qI ik bwkI gurU swihbwnW dy nW do l&zW vwly hn (ijvyN gurU Amr dws, gurU rwm dws, gurU hirgoibMd, gurU hir rwie, gurU hrikSn, gurU qyg bhwdr, gurU goibMd isMG), pr iqMn gurU (gurU nwnk, gurU AMgd qy gurU Arjn) swihb dy nW dw ie`ko l&z hI sI, so ies kr ky „dyv‟ lw dyxw TIk hY [ pihlI g`l qW ieh hY ik ieh nukqw Zlq hY ik hrgoibMd qy hrikSn ivc do-do l&z (hr + goibMd Aqy hr+ ikRSn) nhIN hn blik ieh dovyN nW iek-iek l&z dy hn[ dUjw, ieh hwso-hIxI dlIl hY ik jy s`q (jW pMj) gurU swihbwn dy nW nwl do l&z hn qW brwbrqw vwsqy iek l&z pw id`qw jwey[ jo Asl nW hY, auhI ikauN nw rihx id`qw jwey qy nW bdilAw jW ivgwiVAw ikauN jwvy[
iek hor s`jx ny AwiKAw ik gurU gRMQ swihb ivc „dyv‟ jW „dyau‟ l&z qrqIbvwr 100 qy 56 vwr AwauNdy hn[ ienHW ivcoN kuJ jgHw ‟qy „nwnk dyau‟ vI AwauNdw hY Aqy 1409 s&y ‟qy „jpHau ijn Arjnu dyv gurU‟ vI AwauNdw hY[ jy gurU gRMQ swihb ivc „dyv‟ Aw igAw qW gurU swihb dy nW dw ih`sw hI mMn lYxw cwhIdw hY[ ieh dlIl vI by-mwAnw hY[
gurU gRMQ swihb ivc gurU nwnk swihb dw nW gurbwxI dy qkrIbn swry SbdW dy Aw^rI ih`sy ivc AwauNdw hY[ gurU gRMQ swihb ivc 5107 vwrI “nwnk” Aqy 23 vwrI “nwnik” AwauNdw hY pr „dyau‟ l&z 2 vwrI (s&w 150 qy 1102) qy dyv l&z gurU swihb dy nW dy nyVy isr& 3 vwr AwieAw hY (s&w 430, 1192, 1304) qy s&w 1358 ‟qy „nwnk gurdyv‟ vI AwieAw hY [
gurU gRMQ swihb ivc gurU nwnk swihb dy nW nwl iek QW ‟qy „rwm‟ qy iek QW ‟qy „cMd‟ (nwnk cMd) vI AwieAw hY:
isK´w sMq nwmu Bju nwnk rwm rMig Awqm isau rNau ] (s&w 1387)
ies auprlI quk ivc gurU nwnk swihb dy nW dy ip`Cy „rwm‟ hY[ hwlWik nwnk qoN mgroN i&krw tu`tdw hY qy „kwmw‟ l`gdw hY Aqy “rwm rMig Awqm isau rNau” v`Krw ih`sw hY [ koeI Bolw bMdw ies quk dw mwAnw nw smJdw hoieAw, gurU nwnk swihb dw nW „nwnk rwm‟ ilK skdw hY [
pRQmy nwnk cMdu, jgq BXo AwnMdu,
qwrin mnuK´ jn kIAau pRgws] (s&w 1399)
auprlI quk qoN koeI bysmJ S^s gurU nwnk swihb dy nW nwl „cMd‟ ilK dyvy qW ies ƒ mnzUr nhIN kIqw jw skdw [ ieQy „cMd‟ dw mwAnw ieh hY ik gurU nwnk swihb cMn-rUp pRgt hoey Aqy mnu`KW ƒ qwrn vwsqy pRkwS kIqw [
hux gurU gRMQ swihb ivc gurU nwnk swihb dy nW nyVy „dyau‟ vwlIAW qukW dw ivcwr krIey:
dIiKAw AwiK buJwieAw, isPqI sic smyau]
iqn kau ikAw aupdysIAY, ijn gurU, nwnk, dyau] (s&w 150)
ies quk dw mwAnw hY: “hy nwnk ! ijnHW dw gurdyv hY (Bwv ijnHW dy isr ‟qy gurdyv hY), ijnHW ƒ (gurU ny) is`iKAw dy ky igAwn id`qw hY qy is&iq-swlwh dI rwhIN s`c nwl joiVAw hY, aunHW ƒ iksy hor aupdyS dI loV nhIN rihMdI [ (Bwv pRBU dy nwm ivc juVn dI is`iKAw qoN au~cI hor koeI is`iKAw nhIN hY)[” ieh mwAny ipRMsIpl swihb isMG jI ny kIqy hn[ mYN ies ƒ ieM\ pyS kIqw sI, “ijnHW ƒ gurU sUJ idMdw hY, aunHW ƒ hor aupdyS dI loV nhIN rihMdI [ (Bwv pRBU dy nwm ivc juVn dI is`ˆiKAw qoN au~cI hor koeI is`ˆiKAw nhIN hY)[” hwlWik dohW mwAinAW dw Bwv-ArQ ieko hI hY[ pr ieh spSt hY ik ies quk ivc „dyau‟ gurU nwnk swihb dy nW dw ipCyqr nhIN hY[ ieQy „dyau‟ gurU nwnk swihb nUM „dyv‟ AwKx vwsqy nhIN hY[ ieM\ hI s&w 1102 ‟qy: „boihQ, nwnk, dyau gur, ijs hir cVHwey, iqsu Bvjl qrxw‟ ivc vI „dyau‟ gurU nwnk swihb dy nW dw ipCyqr nhIN blik „gurdyau‟ (dyau+gur) dw ih`sw hY[ iesy qrHW:
boihQu, nwnk, dyau gurU, ijsu hir cVwey iqsu Baujlu qrxw] (s&w 1102)
ies quk dw mwAnw hY—hy nwnk! gurdyau (rUhwnI) jhwz hY, hrI ny ies jhwz ivc ijs ƒ ibTw id`qw hY, aus ny ies dunIAW dy Bau-swgr ƒ qr ilAw hY[ ies quk ivc dyau „gurdyau‟ dw ih`sw hY, nw ik gurU nwnk swihb dy nW dw ipCyqr [
gurU gRMQ swihb ivc iqMn QW ‟qy nwnk nwl Awey l&z „dyv‟ dw mwAnw vI „nwnk dyv‟ nhIN hY: so vsY iequ Gir ijsu gurU pUrw syv] Aibcl ngrI, nwnk, dyv] (s&w 430)
ies quk dw mwAnw hY: hy nwnk! pUrw gurU ijs mnu`K ƒ pRBU dI syvw-BgqI dI dwq b^Sdw hY, auh ies (AYsy ihrdy) Gr ivc v`sdw rihMdw hY, jo pRmwqmw dy rihx vwsqy (ivkwrW ivc) kdy nw folx vwlI ngrI bx jWdw hY[ ies quk ivc „dyv‟ vwihgurU vwsqy hY nw ik gurU nwnk swihb dy nW dw ih`sw[ gur, nwnk, dyv, goibMd rUp] (s&w 1192) dw mwAnw hY: nwnk kihMdw hY ik gurdyv goibMd (Akwl purK) dw hI rUp hY[
drsn ipAws bhuqu min myrY]
imlu, nwnk, dyv jgq gur kyrY] (s&w 1304)
ies quk dw mwAnw hY: hy jgq dy gurdyv! myry mn ivc qyry drsn dI bhuq ipAws hY, (mYƒ) nwnk ƒ imlw[ ies quk ivc vI „dyv‟ „jgq dy gurdyv‟ dw ih`sw hY nw ik gurU nwnk swihb dy nW dw ih`sw[
ieM\ hI gurU Arjn swihb dy nW dy ip`Cy Awey l&z „dyv‟ (s&w 1409) vwlI quk:
jp´au ijn@ Arjn, dyv gurU, iPir sMkt join grB n AwXau]
dw mwAnw hY: ijnHW ny Arjn swihb (dI isiKAw lY ky gurdyv, Xwin vwihgurU) dw nW jipAw hY, auh grB-jUn dy du`KW (dy fr) ivc nhIN AwauNdy[ ieQy vI „dyv‟ „gurdyv‟ dw hI ih`sw hY, nw ik gurU Arjn swihb dy nW dw ih`sw[ hux ies qoN ielwvw vI gurU gRMQ swihb ivc qkrIbn 150 ku hor jgh ‟qy „dyv‟ jw „dyau‟ ienHW mwAinAW ivc AwauNdw hY[ ieh s&y hn: 108, 155, 405, 469, 479, 522, 694, 795-96, 871, 943, 1129, 1142, 1149, 1172, 1173, 1180, 1183, 1338, 1353, 1389 vgYrw[
ienHW swry si&AW ‟qy „dyv Aqy „dyau‟ l&zW dw mwAnw vwihgurU jW gurdyv jW dyvqw hY qy hor kuJ vI nhIN [ imswl vjoN :
gurU jYsw nw hI ko dyv] ijsu msiqk Bwgu su lwgw syv] (s&w 1142)
hir ismrq ikCu cwKu n johY]
hir ismrq dYq dyau n pohY] (s&w 1149)
rMgu lwgw Aiq lwl dyv] (s&w 1180)
kwmu kRoDu AhMkwru ibnsY imlY siqgur dyv]
nwmu idRVu kir Bgiq hir kI BlI pRBU kI syv] (s&w 405) mihmw khI n jwie gur smrQ dyv]
gur pwrbRhm prmysur AprMpr AlK AByv] (s&w 522)
Git Git suMn kw jwxY Byau] Awid purKu inrMjn dyau] (s&w 943)
ieh Aqy bwkI si&AW ivc ijQy vI „dyv‟ jW „dyau‟ AwieAw hY, auh dyvqw, gurdyv, vwihgurU dy mwAinAW ivc hI AwieAw hY, nw ik gurU nwnk swihb dy nW dy ih`ˆsy vjoN[
gurU gRMQ swihb ivc „s`qw qy blvMf dI vwr‟ „B`tW dy sYÍXY‟ ivc vI iksy QW vI, iksy vI gurU dy nW nwl vI, “dyv” nhIN lwieAw hoieAw[ gurU gRMQ swihb ivclI ies B`tW dI bwxI ƒ qW gurU Arjn swihb ny ^ud mnzUrI id`qI sI [
gurU nwnk swihb dI izMdgI dI qvwrI^ ƒ pyS krn vwlIAW muK jnmswKIAW ieh hn :
ienHW ivcoN iksy dy ilKwrI ny vI gurU nwnk swihb dy nW nwl „dyv‟ nhIN iliKAw[ ieh ikqwbW is`K qvwrI^ dIAW sB qoN purwxIAW ikqwbW mMnIAW jWdIAW hn [
jo Ardws Aj klH Awm cldI hY qy SRomxI kmytI v`loN CpI „rihq mirAwdw‟ ivc vI Swiml hY (ieh AKOqI dsmgRMQ ivcoN hY Aqy mYN isDWqk p`KoN Ardws dy ies ih`sy nUM is`K Ardws nhIN mMndw)[ ies ivc vI gurU nwnk swihb jW dUjy qy pMjvyN nwnk nwl „dyv‟ nhIN lwieAw igAw:
ipRQm BgOqI ismir kY gur nwnk leI iDAwey ] iPr AMgd gur qy Amr dws rwm dwsY hoeI shwie ] Arjn hirgoibMd nO ismro sRI hir rwie ]….
bicqR nwtk dy ilKwrI (ieh ilKwrI gurU goibMd isMG swihb nhIN hn) ny vI nwnk swihb dy nW nwl „dyv‟ nhIN blik „rwie‟ iliKAw hY:
iqn bydIXn kI kul ibKy pRgty nwnk rwie ]
ieQy „rwie‟ qoN Bwv bwdSwh, rUhwnI pwiqSwh hY, nw ik ieh gurU jI dw nW „nwnk rwie‟ hY[
jnswKIAW qoN mgroN pMjwbI ivc ijMnIAW vI vwrW gurU swihb bwry ilKIAW geIAW sn, aunHW ivcoN mu`K hn:
rwmklI dI vwr (s`qw qy blvMf) vwr bwby nwnk jI dI (BweI gurdws) kVKy pwqSwh dsvyN ky (sYx isMG)
pauVIAW gurU goibMd isMG jI kIAW (mIr muSkI qy CbIlw) juD gurU goibMd isMG jI kw (AxI rwie)
vwr pwqSwhI dsvIN kI (AigAwq) vwr ByVy kI pwqSwhI ds (AigAwq) vwr BMgwxI kI (AigAwq)
ju`D-cirqR gurU goibMd isMG jI kw (vIr isMG b`l) vwr AMimRqsr kI (drSn Bgq)
vwr srb loh kI (AigAwq) vwr kilAwn kI (^uShwl cMd)
ienHW vwrW ivc ij`Qy ikqy vI gurU nwnk swihb, gurU AMgd swihb jW gurU Arjn swihb dw nW AwieAw hY, auQy gurU swihb dy nW nwl „dyv‟ nhIN AwieAw[
BweI gurdws dIAW vwrW ivc vI keI jgHw l&z „dyau‟ AwieAw hY [ vwr 3 (pauVI 2, pauVI 12), vwr 13 (pauVI 25), vwr 15 (pauVI 2), vwr 24 (pauVI 1), vwr 24 (pauVI 25), vwr 28 (pauVI 11), vwr 38 (pauVI 20), vgYrw[ hwlWik pihlI vwr pUrI dI pUrI gurU nwnk swihb bwry hY qy auQy ikqy vI gurU nwnk swihb dy nW nwl „dyv‟ nhIN l`gw hoieAw[ au~pr izkr kIqIAW 8 pauVIAW ivc BweI gurdws ny „dyau‟ jW „dyv‟ l&z vriqAw hY[ ienHW ivcoN cwr jgHw ‟qy dyau dw mwAnw hY-prkwS rUp (vwr 13, pauVI 25; vwr 15, pauVI 2; vwr 24 pauVI 25; vwr 38, pauVI 20) vwr 28 dI pauVI 11 ivc „dyv‟ dw mwAnw „dyvqw‟ hY vwr 24 pauVI pihlI vwr „dyau jpwieAw‟ dw mwAnw hY ik gurU swihb ny r`b dy nW dw jwp krvwieAw[ vwr 3 pauVI, 12 ivc „dyau gurW gur‟ ivc dyau gur dw ipCyqr hY qy ies dw mwAnw „gurW dw gurdyv‟ bxdw hY[ sB qoN v`fI g`l qW ieh hY ik BweI gurdws ny vwr bwby nwnk kI (vwr pihlI) ivc pauVI 23 qoN pauVI 45 qk gurU nwnk swihb dI jIvnI, 45 qoN 48 pauVIAW gurU AMgd swihb, gurU Amrdws swihb, gurU rwmdws swihb, gurU Arjn swihb qy gurU hirgoibMd swihb dw izkr kIqw hY [ aunHW ny ienHW 26 pauVIAW ivc ikqy vI qy iksy vI gurU swihb dy nW nwl „dyv‟ nhIN iliKAw[
„B`t vhIAW‟ qy „pWfw vhIAW‟ qW gurU swihb dy vyly dIAW ilKIAW hoeIAW hn[ aunHW ivc „dyv‟ Sbd nhIN iliKAw hoieAw [ sYnwpqI, koier isMG, kysr isMG iC`br, sÍrUp isMG kOiSS, rqn isMG BMgU, suKbwsI rwm bydI Aqy hor lyKk, ijnHW ATHwrvIN qy au~nIvIN sdI ivc is`K qvwrI^ ilKI, aunHW ny iksy gurU swihb dy nW nwl „dyv‟ nhIN lwieAw Aqy gurU swihb dw Asl nW (gurU nwnk, gurU AMgd, gurU Arjn) hI iliKAw[ vIhvIN sdI ivc “dyv” lwaux dI ieh ZlqI AYnI kbUl hoeI ik Boly is`K ies nUM hI TIk smJx lg pey[ auN\ is`K kOm dy bhuqy lyKkW dI ieh „is&q‟ hY ik A`KW mIt ky m`KI ‟qy m`KI mwrI jwxgy pr jdoN koeI ZlqI v`l ieSwrw krygw qW AwK dyxgy, “C`fo prW!” “qW kI hY?” “hux qW bhuq ikqwbW ivc Aw cu`kw hY”, vgYrw… DMn is`KI!!!
gurU nwnk swihb dy nW nwl „dyv‟ dI bImwrI BweI vIr isMG qoN SurU hoeI sI pr vDyry kr ky 1972 qoN mgroN PYlI sI[ 1969 ivc gurU nwnk swihb dy nW ‟qy „gurU nwnk XUnIvristI‟ bxweI geI sI[ ieh XUnIvristI AkwlI dl dI srkwr ny bxweI sI[ 1972 ivc igAwnI zYl isMG pMjwb dw cI& minstr bx igAw[ auh iek AnpVH (jW A`DpVH) bMdw sI[ Acwxk aus dy idmwZ ivc Aw igAw ik kuJ lok gurU nwnk swihb dy nW nwl „dyv‟ ilKdy hn qy XUnIvristI dw nW vI „gurU nwnk dyv XUnIvristI‟ kr dyxw cwhIdw hY[ aus ny pihlw kMm iehI kIqw[ nqIjw ieh hoieAw ik aus dy rwj dOrwn gurU nwnk swihb nUM keI QW „dyv‟ iliKAw jwx lg ipAw[ (aus ADpVH S^s ny qW rUpV Sihr nUM vI „ro pV‟ smJ ky ies dw nW „rUpngr‟ krvw idqw sI[ Aijhy Aihmk lokW dIAW XBlIAW nwl ieM\ hI qvwrI^ ivgiVAw krdI hY)[ ies mgroN bwdl dI srkwr ny vI ies XBlI dy Asr hyTW biTMfw dy Qrml plWt dw nW bdl ky „gurU nwnk dyv Qrml plWt‟ kr idqw[ ieM\ hI 2004 ivc gurU AMgd swihb dw nW vI AnpVH qy A`DpVH cODrIAW ny hI ivgwV ky „gurU AMgd dyv‟ bxw C`ifAw sI qy 2006 ivc gurU Arjn swihb dI QW ‟qy Arjn dyv ilKx dI byvkU&I kIqI qy gurU swihb dw nW Zlq clwaux dI koiSS kIqI[
gurbwxI dw &urmwn hY:
AMDw AwgU jy QIAY, ikau pwDru jwxY]
Awp musY miq hoCIAY, ikau rwhu pCwxY] (gurU gRMQ swihb, s&w 767)
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)