Bgq isMG dI mShUrI dw s`c
Sr-&roSI kI qmMnw,Ab hmwry idl myN hY
dyKxw hY zor ikqnw,bwzU-ey-kwiql myN hY
vkq Awny pr bqw dyNgy quJy AY AwsmW
hm ABI sy ikAw bqweyN, ikAw hmwry idl myN hY[
(rwm pRswd ibsiml)
Bgq isMG dI ShIdI dw s`c: Bgq isMG nUM AwrIAw smwj, kimaUinstW Aqy Bwjpw (pihloN jnsMG) ny bhuq mShUrI id`qI; sB dy kwrn vK vK sn[ Bgq isMG AwrIAw smwjI kwrkuMn ikSn isMG dw pu`qr sI; 1900 qoN qkrIbn 1930 qk AwrIAw smwj dy nOjvwnW dw iek grup AMgryz ivroDI lihr ivc srgrm irhw sI[ ies lihr ivc rwm pRswd ibsiml qy Bgq isMG vI sn[ SurU SurU ivc ienHW dw rol pRcwr qk mihdUd sI pr kwkorI fwky (9 Agsq 1925) qoN ies lihr dw hiQAwrbMd rol vI SurU ho igAw (ies kys ivc 4 nOjvwnW, rwm pRswd ibsiml, AS&ku`lw ^wn, rOSn isMh qy rwjyNdr nwQ lihrI, nUM 1927 ivc &WsI id`qI geI sI)[
ies lihr dy do hI muK kyNdr sn: kwnpur Aqy lwhOr[ ienHW nOjvwnW nwl hor vI swQI kOmI joS kwrn juV gey sn pr auh AwrIAw smwj nwl sbMDq nhIN sn[ cMdr Sy^r Azwd, iSvrwm rwjgurU, suKdyv Qwpr, jY gopwl, btukySvr d`q aunHW ivcoN sn ijnHW dw AwrIAw smwj nwl koeI sbMD nhIN sI[ ienHW swirAW ny AmgryzW dy i^lw& KwVkU lihr ivc vD cVH ky ih`sw ilAw Aqy iksy iek dw rol dUjy qoN Gt nhIN sI[ Bgq isMG nUM ies lihr ivc ilAwaux dw v`fw rol cMdr Sy^r Azwd dw sI[rwm pRswd ibsiml (sr &roSI kI qmMnw… vwlw) qy aus dw swQI cMdr Sy^r Azwd ies lihr dy idmwZ sn Aqy aunHW dw rol vI sB qoN vD Aihm Aqy AmlI sI[ skOt dI jgh sWfrs (sWfrs dw koeI gunwh nhIN sI Aqy auh Bgq isMG h`QoN glqI nwl mwirAw igAw sI) dy kql (17 dsMbr 1928) ivc cMdr Sy^r, Bgq isMG, iSv rwm rwjgurU, suKdyv Qwpr, jY gopwl (jo vwAdw muAw& gvwh bx igAw sI) Swiml sn[ AsYNblI ivc bMb su`tx (8 ApRYl 1929) dw AykSn Bgq isMG Aqy btukySvr d`q dohW dw sWJw sI[
pr iek g`l kwbly Zor hY ik ienHW swirAW ivcoN sB qoN vD mShUrI Bgq isMG nUM id`qI geI hY[ rwm pRswd ibsiml qy cMdr Sy^r dy buq aunHW dy SihrW ivc lgy hn qy pwrkW dy nW aunHW dy nW qy r`Ky hn pr Bgq isMG dy nW qy jo kuJ kIqw igAw hY auh hYrwnkumn hY Aqy aus dw ipCokV aus dw AwrIAw smwj nwl sbMDq hoxw hY nw ik KwVkU rol kwrn[
ieh Zlq prcwr kIqw jWdw hY ik auh ies lihr dw ‘idmwZ’ sI; ies lihr dw idmwZ rwm pRswd ibsiml Aqy cMdr Sy^r Azwd sn[ iPr Bgq isMG (qy rwjgurU qy suKdyv) nUM &WsI AsYNblI ivc bMb su`tx kr ky nhIN hoeI sI blik puls A&sr skOt dI jgh glqI nwl sWfrs dy kql kr ky hoeI sI[ bMb su`tx dy kys ivc qW Bgq isMG nUM qy btukySvr d`q nUM isr& aumr kYd hoeI sI[ jy Bgq isMG AsYNblI ivc bMb su`tx jwx smyN Awpxw ipsqOl nwl nw iljWdw qW aus nUM &WsI nhIN hoxI sI ikauN ik sWfrs dy kql dw rwz Ajy qk nhIN sI KulHw qy ieh rwz aus ipsqOl qoN inkilAw ikauN ik sWfrs ‘qy golI aus ipsqOl nwl clweI geI sI (auN\ g`l qW kOVI hY pr ies qoN ieh vI pqw vI lgdw hY ik Bgq isMG ikMnw kU ‘isAwxw’ sI[ Bgq isMG ny sw& ikhw sI ik auh AsYNblI ivc iksy nUM mwrn nhIN Awey sn pr isr& Dmwkw kr ky AMgryzW dy kMn KolHxw cwhuMdy sn qW iPr Bgq isMG sWfrs dy kql vwlw ipsqOl nMbr 168096 ikauN lY ky igAw?)[ ies qoN pqw lgdw hY ik auh ikMnw kU isAwxw sI[
^Yr myrw nukqw qW ieh hY ik Bgq isMG nUM mShUrI ies kr ky imlI hY ik auh AwrIAw smwjI sI Aqy auh AwrIAw smwjI lIfr lwjpq rwey dI lwTIAW nwl mOq dy JUTy prcwr kr ky puls A&sr skwt nUM mwrn igAw sI[
Bgq isMG AwrIAw smwjI sI[ lwlw lwjpq rwey AwrIAw smwj dw AwgU sI[ lwly dI nklI ShIdI dw bdlw lYx hox vwsqyy hI Bgq isMG ny skwt dI jgh bygunwh sWfrs nUM mwirAw sI[ (Bgq isMG ikMnw kU isAwxw sI ies qoN vI pqw lgdw hY ik auh iesy lwlw lwjpq nUM iek ‘Bu`lw qy guAwcw’ lIfr ikhw krdw sI; qy iesy dI nklI ShIdI dw ‘bdlw’ lYx tur ipAw sI)[ sWfrs jW skwt nUM mwr ky ikhVw AMgryz ^qm ho jwxy sI jW mulk C`f jwxy sI? ieh qW iek in`kw ijhw AYkSn sI ijs dI l`KW guxw vD mShUrI Bgq isMG nUM id`qI geI[ Zdr pwrtI qy bbrW ny ies qoN kroVW guxw vD kwrnwmy kIqy sn[ Bgq isMG nUM eynw mwx dyxw aunHW ShIdW qy juJwrUAW dI byAdbI vI hY Aqy qvwrI^ dw ryp vI[
jy AsYNblI ivc bMb su`txw v`fw AykSn sI qW btukySvr d`q dw vI Enw hI rol sI[ pr d`q ivcwrw, jo 1939 ivc aumr kYd (10 swl) kt ky irhw hoieAw qy iPr 1942 ivc ‘Bwrq C`fo’ lihr ivc iPr 4 swl kYd irhw, aus nUM iksy ny nhIN pu`iCAw ik qUM kOx hY Aqy auh 20 julweI 1955 dy idn Pwky k`tdw iek Awm AwdmI vW| ies dunIAW qoN auT igAw[
so Bgq isMG bwry iqMn g`lW Aihm hn ik (1) auh 1925-30 dI aus KwVkU lihr dw idmwZ nhIN sI, ies lihr dw idmwZ rwm pRswd ibsiml Aqy cMdr Sy^r Azwd sn (2) Bgq isMG nUM &WsI glqI ivc sWfrs dy kql kr ky hoeI sI, AsYNblI dy bMb kwrn nhIN; bMb AykSn ivc btukySvr d`q vI brwbr dw BweIvwl sI (3) aus dI mShUrI AwrIAw smwj nwl sbMDq hox kr ky kIqI geI hY nw ik ienklwbI hox kr ky[ pMjwb ivc jo AhmIAq aus nUM bwdl ny id`qI hY auh ies kr ky nhIN id`qI ik kimaUinstW ny aus ‘qy zor pwieAw sI blik ieh swrI kwrvweI Awr.Ays.Ays. Aqy AwrIAw smwj dy hukmW hyT kIqI geI hY[ aupr izkr kIqy iksy hor ienklwbI dy nw ‘qy koeI eyArport jW izlHy dw nw ikauN nhIN r`iKAw igAw hwlW ik aunHW ivcoN kuJ dw rol Bgq isMG qoN ikqy vD sI[ ies dw kwrn ieh hY ik auh (rwm pRswd ibsiml nUM C`f ky) AwrIAw smwjI nhIN sn[
kI Bgq isMG ShId nhIN sI? BwvyN Bgq isMG nUM &WsI sWfrs dy kql kr ky hoeI sI (hwlW ik sWfrs bygunwh sI qy ZlqI nwl mwirAw igAw sI) pr iPr vI mYN smJdw hW ik Bgq isMG sI qW Aw^r ienklwbI lihr dw iek ih`sw sI Aqy AmgryzW ny ijs vI ienklwbI nUM kql kIqw jW &WsI id`qI auh swry ShId hn: Zdr lihr (1914-1919), bbr AkwlI (1921-26), AkwlI lihr (1920-25) qy hor swrIAW lihrW hI nhIN bl ik injI qOr ‘qy AykSn krn vwly ShId, Xwin swry hI, brwbr dy ShId hn; koeI v`fw nhIN qy koeI Cotw nhIN; iksy nUM vD AhmIAq, mwx dyxw jW nW dyxw bwkI ShIdW dI byiezqI hY (qy iksy nUM Gt mwx dyvw hor vI nIcqw vwlI hrkq hY)[
ShId kOx hn qy lwswnI ShId kOx huMdy hn:
ShId auh huMdw hY qvwrI^ ijs dw aus lihr/ienklwb/jMg dI XwdgwrI imswl vjoN hvwlw idAw kry[ ShId dw mwAnw hY ‘gvwh’; jo S^s AwpxI jwn dy ky iksy lihr dw ‘gvwh’ bixAw hoxy[
Aupr izkr kr irhw sI 1947 qoN pihlW dy ShIdW dw[ hux g`l 1947 qoN mgroN dy ShIdW dI[ 1947 qoN mgroN lok kWgrs dI hkUmq dy zulm dw iSkwr hoey; BwvyN auh puls golI nwl mry jW ijhlW ivc; &WsI ‘qy cwVHy hey jW nklI/AslI mukwbilAW ivc mwry gey[ BwvyN auh bolI dy Adwr ‘qy sUibAW dI mMg krn vwly rumulU vrgy sn jW bwbw bUJw isMG vrgy ienklwbI; BwvyN 1978 qoN 1984 qk dy ShId sn jW jUn 1984 ivc drbwr swihb ivc ShId hoey jW ies qoN bwAd ‘AprySn vu`f-roz’ dy ShId; BwvyN auh ‘^UnI nvMbr 1984’ dy vihSIAwxw zulm dw iSkwr sn jW bwdl dIAW jylHW ivc mrn vwly[ hW, lokW dI nzr ivc &WsI ‘qy cVHn vwilAW dIAW g`lW kuJ hor iksm dIAW huMdIAW hn; ^ws kr ky aunHW dIAW jo h`s-h`s ky &WsI ‘qy cVHn: auh BwvyN Bgq isMG, rwjgurU jW suKdyv hox qy BwvyN sqvMq isMG, hrijMdr isMG ijMdw, suKdyv isMG su`Kw (qy hux blvMq isMG rwjoAwxw)[ mYN smJdw hW ik auh vI lwswnI ShId huMdy hn jo AwpxI jwn qlI ‘qy r`K ky ShId hox vwsqy jUJ jWdy hn qy iksy zwlm dy zulm nUM n`Q pwauNdy hn: Aijhy lwswnI jWbwz lokW ivc igxy jw skdy hn sn: 1947 qoN pihlW mdn lwl FINgrw (lMfn ivc sr krzn vwihlI dw kql 1 julweI 1909, ShIdI 17 Agsq 1909), myvw isMG lopoky (vYnkUvr ivc hwpikns dw kql 21 AkqUbr 1914, ShIdI 11 jnvrI 1915), DMnw isMG bihblpur (ShIdI 25 AkqUbr 1923), aUDm isMG (lMfn ivc Efvwwier dw kql 13 mwrc 1940, ShIdI 31 julweI 1940), Aqy 1947 qoN bwAd byAMq isMG (id`lI ivc ieMdrw gWDI kql 31 AkqUbr 1984), Qynmu`lI rwjwrQnm (sRIpruMbdur ivc rwjIv gWDI kql 21 meI 1991), idlwvr isMG (cMfIgVH ivc byAMq isMG kql 31 Agsq 1995)[ ienHW swry kwrnwimAW ivc ienHW swry ShIdW nUM pqw hY ik auh kwrnwmw qW kr jwxgy pr nwl hI AwpxI jwn vI dyx jw rhy hn[ ieho ijhy lok lwswnI huMdy hn[ ienHW ShIdW dy kwrnwimAW ny qvwrI^ bdl id`qI sI qy auh Awp vI qvwrI^ dw sunihrI qy lwswnI vrkw bx gey sn[
fw: hrijMdr isMG idlgIr