Lachhman Singh Dharowali
lCmx isMG DwrovwlI
BweI lCmx isMG DwrovwlI (Agsq 1885-20.2.1921), pu`qr BweI imhr isMG, dw jnm ipMf DwrovwlI (izlHw gurdwspur) ivc hoieAw sI[ mgroN ieh pirvwr DwrovwlI c`k nMbr 33 (izlHw Sy^Upurw) ivc clw igAw sI[ 1901 ivc aus dI SwdI bIbI ieMdr kOr nwl hoeI sI[ sMn 1907 ivc aus dy Gr iek byty ny jnm ilAw sI, jo CyqI hI cVHweI kr igAw sI[ sMn 1910 ivc auh Kwlsw pRcwrk ividAwlw qrnqwrn ivc dwi^l hoieAw Aqy is`K imSnrI kors pws kIqw[ sMn 1912 ivc aus ny qwrnqwrn ivc bIbIAW vwsqy iek AnwQ AwSrm KoilHAw sI[ sMn 1920 ivc aus ny ipMf ivc bIbIAW dI iek kwn&rMs kIqI; ies ivc bhuq swry moihqbr AwgU vI Swiml hoey sn[
aunHW idnW ivc gurduAwirAW dI hwlq bhuq ^rwb sI[ audwsI Aqy inrmly mhMq qy pujwrI gurduAwirAW nUM AwpxIAW injI jwiedwdW vjoN vrqdy sn; auh cVHwvy nUM A`XwSI vwsqy ^rc kirAw krdy sn[ gurduAwirAW ivc ivBcwr, T`gI, lu`t Aqy hor keI mujrmwnw kwrvweIAW huMdIAW rihMdIAW sn[ lCmx isMG Aksr nwnkwxw swihb (jo aunHW dy ipMf qoN bhuq dUr nhIN sI) kwieAw krdw sI[ hor qvwrI^I gurduAwirAW vWg gurduAwrw jnm AsQwn nwnkwxw swihb dI hwlq vI bVI mwVI sI
ies mwhOl ivc 1, 2, 3 AkqUbr 1920 ƒ lCmx isµG ny Awpxy ipµf DwrovwlI ivc iek v`fw iek`T kIqw[ ies dIvwn ivc fw: ikclU, AwZw s&dr qy hor gYr-is`K AwgU vI Swiml hoey[ dIvwn ivc mw: moqw isµG, mw: suµdr isµG lwielpurI, dwn isµG vCoAw, jsvµq isµG Jbwl qy hornW ny lYkcr kIqy Aqy nwnkwxw swihb dI hwlq bwry i&kr zwihr kIqw[ dIvwn ny nwnkwxw swihb dy gurduAwry dy suDwr bwry mqw pws kIqw[ iesy dIvwn ivc lCmx isµG DwrovwlI ny nwnkwxw swihb dy suDwr vwsqy ShIdI jQw bxwaux dw AYlwn kIqw sI[
mhµq ny nvµbr 1920 ivc AkwlIAW v`loN gurduAwry ’qy kbzw kIqy jwx dy ^dSy ƒ swhvyN r`KidAW ijhVy 400 bµdy iek`Ty kr ley sn aunHW ƒ 25-26 nvµbr 1920 dy idn gurU nwnk swihb dy jnm idn dy mOky ’qy gurduAwry dy Aµdr Aqy Awly-duAwly qweInwq kIqw hoieAw sI[ pr aus idn AkwlIAW dw gurduAwry ’qy kbzw krn dw koeI pRogrwm nhIN sI[ ies dy bwvjUd mhµq ny aus idn iksy vI is`K ƒ ikrpwn lY ky gurduAwry dy Aµdr nhIN jwx id`qw sI[ ies idn BweI lCmx isµG DwrovwlI kuJ isµGW ƒ nwl lY ky gurduAwry Awey sn[ Ajy auh Aµdr vVy hI sn ik mhµq dy guµifAW ny CvHIAW qy tkUey h`QW ivc PVI aunHW ƒ Gyr ilAw[ aus vyly ifptI kimSnr Aqy suprfYNt sI.AweI.fI. au~Qy hwizr sn[ ies kr ky iek vwr qW swkw hoxoN ruk igAw[ gurpurb qoN mgroN mhµq ny bhuqy bµdy vwips Byj id`qy sn, pr rWJw, swKU qy kwnHw vrgy ^UµKwr bµdy Awpxy kol r`K ley sn[ ies mgroN mhµq ny nwnkwxw swihb ivc iklHwbµdI krnI SurU kr id`qI sI[ aus ny gurduAwry ƒ hr pwisEN jµgI hmly vwlI ih&wzq dy ihswb nwl mzbUq kr ilAw sI qy Aµdr Asly dw ^zwnw vI iek`Tw kr ilAw sI[
ies dOrwn jQydwr krqwr isMG J`br, lCmx isµG qy bUtw isµG SyKUpurw ny plwn bxweI ik bUtw isµG 19 PrvrI ƒ nwnkwxw swihb puj jwvy[ ausy rwq lCmx isµG dw jQw cµdrkot phuµc jwvygw[ (cµdrkot nwnkwxw swihb qoN kuJ ku iklomItr hY)[ dUjy pwisEN J`br dw jQw Aw jwvygw qy dovyN jQy 20 PrvrI dI svyr ƒ nwnkwxw swihb gurduAwry dw kbzw lY lYxgy[ mIitµg mgroN bUtw isµG lwielpur igAw, kuJ swQIAW nwl slwh kIqI Aqy Pyr nwnkwxy Aw igAw[ auDr kuJ AkwlIAW nUM vI ies dI ^br iml geI sI[hrcµd isµG lwielpurI, qyjw isµG smuMdrI qy mwstr qwrw isµG ny Awps ivc mSvrw kr ky PYslw kIqw ik nwnkwxw swihb qy ieµ\ kbzw nw kIqw jwey[ aunHW ny hor AwgUAW nwl g`lbwq krn vwsqy 19 PrvrI ƒ lwhOr ivc mIitµg bulw leI[ ies mIitµg ivc srdUl isµG kvISr, suµdr isµG lwielpurI, jsvµq isµG Jbwl qy dlIp isµG sWglw vI hwizr sn[ ies mIitµg ny &Yslw kIqw ik SRomxI kmytI v`loN r`Ky dIvwn qoN pihlW koeI jQw nwnkwxw swihb ’qy kbzw nw kry[ mIitµg ny dlIp isµG qy jsvµq isµG dI ifaUtI lweI ik auh J`br ƒ rokx vwsqy Krw sOdw jwx[ jdoN dlIp isµG Krw sOdw pu`jy qW J`br jw cu`kw sI[ ie`QoN auh cµdrkot gey qy J`br ƒ rok ilAw[ mgroN aunHW ny dlIp isµG qy virAwm isµG dI ifaUtI lweI ik auh J`br dI ic`TI iljw ky lCmx isµG ƒ dy ky jQy ƒ kbzw krn jwx qoN rok lYx[ dlIp isµG nwnkwxw swihb pu`j ky au~qm isµG kwrKwnydwr dy Gr clw igAw qy virAwm isµG dI ifaUtI lw igAw ik auh nwnkwxw swihb dy bwhr Pwtk ’qy lCmx isµG ƒ roky[
auDr lCmx isµG Awpxy nwl 150 isµG lY ky nwnkwxw swihb Sihr dy bwhr B`Ty kol pu`j igAw[ ie`Qy aus ƒ virAwm isµG ny dlIp isµG dw sunyhw id`qw ijs ivc Awp ƒ nwnkwxw swihb kbzw krn qoN rukx vwsqy ikhw sI[ lCmx isµG ny ic`TI pVHI Aqy vwips muVn dw &Yslw kr ilAw, pr ies jQy dy iek isµG tihl isµG ny ikhw ik BwvyN AsIN gurduAwry ’qy kbzw nw krIey pr swƒ gurduAwry dy drSn zrUr krny cwhIdy hn[ aus ny ikhw ik A`j gurU hrrwie swihb dw jnm idn hY qy ies mubwrk mOky ’qy gurduAwry m`Qw zrUr tykxw cwhIdw hY[ mhµq v`D qoN v`D swƒ kql hI kr dyvygw[ tihl isµG dy ieh kihx ’qy jQy ny gurduAwry ’qy kbzy dw ierwdw qW C`f id`qw pr gurduAwry dy drSn krn vwsqy cl pey[ auh svyry 6 vjy gurduAwry phuµc gey[
auDr 19 PrvrI 1921 ƒ bwAd dupihr mhµq nwnkwxw swihb stySn ’qy pOxy cwr vjy lwhOr jwx vwlI g`fI PVn vwsqy phuµc cu`kw sI[ ies mOky ’qy iek muslmwn AOrq aus kol AweI qy aus ƒ d`isAw ik is`KW dw iek jQw bu`cyAwxw phuµc cu`ikAw hY[ mhµq ny lwhOr jwx dw pRogrwm kYNsl kr id`qw Aqy vwips Aw ky swry guµifAW ƒ tkUey qy hor hiQAwr vµf id`qy[ aus ny im`tI dw qyl qy bhuq swrI l`kV vI iek`TI kr leI[ aus kol cwr bµdUkW vI sn[ mhµq kol golIAW qy bwrUd dw vI bVw stwk iek`Tw hoieAw ipAw sI[ aus ny keI idn pihlW gurduAwrw qy ies dy Awly-duAwly dy mkwnW dIAW C`qW ’qy p`QrW qy ie`tW dy Fyr lw ky r`Ky hoey sn[ mhµq ƒ ieh hrkqW kridAW au~qm isµG kwrKwnydwr ny vyK ilAw sI qy aus ny ies sbµDI ifptI kimSnr ƒ iliKAw vI sI pr aus dI ic`TI aunHW nUM swkw vwprn qoN mgroN pu`jI sI[
lCmx isµG DwrovwlI dw jQw svyry 6 vjy gurduAwrw jnm AsQwn ivc phuµicAw sI[ aunHW ny Aµdr phuµc ky, m`Qw tyk ky, kIrqn krnw SurU kr id`qw[ kuJ icr kIrqn jwrI irhw[ eyny icr ivc mhµq ny guµifAW ƒ Aslw dy ky puzISnW sµBwl id`qIAW[ mhµq ny gurduAwry dy bwhrly drvwzy bµd kr id`qy[ QoVHy icr ivc hI mhµq ny aunHW ƒ kqlyAwm dw hukm jwrI kr id`qw[ hukm imlidAW hI rWJw, irhwnw Aqy do hor kwiqlW ny is`KW ƒ golIAW nwl Buµnxw SurU kr id`qw[
jdoN swry is`K kql kr id`qy gey qW mhµq ny swrIAW lwSW iek`TIAW krn dw hukm id`qw[ mhµq ny cwr lwSW ƒ C`f ky bwkI swrIAW PUk dyx vwsqy AwiKAw[ l`kVW iek`TIAW kr ky cOKµfI dy au~qr-p`CmI pwsy Fyr lw id`qw igAw[ A`g ivc su`tx qoN pihlW mhµq v`loN BwVy ’qy ilAWdy pTwxW ny lwSW dI qlwSI leI qy jo kuJ l`iBAw, AwpxIAW jybHW ivc pw ilAw[ ies mgroN lwSW bldI icKw ivc su`t id`qIAW geIAw[ ienHW iv`coN kuJ Ajy ijaUNdy vI sn[ aunHW iv`coN ijs ny vI au~Tx dI koiSS kIqI aus ƒ CvHIAW qy lwTIAW mwr ky Pyr A`g iv`c su`t id`qw igAw[ jo is`K gurduAwry dy bwhr kql kIqy gey sn aunHW ƒ mwr ky nyVy iek GuimAwr dI B`TI ivc su`t ky swV id`qw igAw[ BweI lCmx isMG Aqy 156 ShId is`KW ny AwpxIAW jwnW dy ky nwnkwxw swihb nUM mhMq nrYxU qoN Awzwd krvw ilAw.
nwnkwxw swihb dy swky dI hor q&sIl vwsqy vyKo: nwnkwxw swihb dw swkw.
