gurduAwrw kmytIAW dy AhudydwrW dy &rz
mYN ies mzmUn dw hYifMg gurduAwrw kmytIAW dy AhudydwrW dy &rz r~iKAw hY nw ik aunHW dy h`k [ gurduAwirAW dy pRDwnW, “sInIAr” qy “jUnIAr” mIq prDwnW, jnrl sk`qrW/sk`qrW, styj sk`qrW nUM Awpxy h`k, Awpxy styts Awpxy Ahudy Aqy “hsqI” dw qW pqw zrUr huMdw hY pr Awpxy &rz dw Aksr pqw nhIN huMdw [ ies kr ky mYN h`Qly mzmUn ivc gurduAwrw kmytIAW dy AhudydwrW dy &rzW bwry g`l krnI cwhvWgw [
A`j klH v`fy (cVHwvy p`KoN, auN\ qW hr gurduAwry dw drjw iek huMdw hY) gurduAwirAW dy bhuqy (swry nhIN) pRDwn, sInIAr qy jUnIAr mIq prDwn, jnrl sk`qr/sk`qr, styj sk`qr Awpxy nW nwl Ahudw lw ky bVw mwx (Swied AwkV qy hMkwr) mihsUs kirAw krdy hn [ ieM\ hI SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, id`lI gurduAwrw kmytI jW v`fI Awmdn vwly gurduAwirAW dy qW isr& (Awm) mYNbr vI Awpxy Awp nUM gvrnr qoN Gt nhIN smJdy [
Swied ieh v`fI g`l hovy vI, pr ikvyN !?
koeI zmwnw sI (^ws kr ky 1920 ivc, jd SRomxI kmytI Ajy bxn vwlI sI) ik bhuqy is`K syvwdwr/AwgU (swry nhIN) ik lok gurduAwrw kmytI dw mYNbr bxn qoN pihlW sO vwr soicAw krdy sn [ aunHW vwsqy gurduAwrw kmytI dw mYNbr bxn dw mqlb v`fw syvwdwr (nw ik lIfr) bxnw hoieAw krdw sI [ ies dw mqlb huMdw sI ik gurduAwry ivc jw ky syvw-sMBwl vwsqy vDyrw smW dyxw, gurduAwry vwsqy coKw cMdw dyxw qy dUijAW qoN iek`Tw krnw, vDyry pwT qy kIrqn krnw, smwj syvw ivc vD ih`sw pwauxw, AMimRq prcwr krnw, vZYrw [ pr, audoN vI kuJ lok cODrI bxn dI soc nwl gurduAwirAW dy mYNbr bxnw loicAw krdy sn [ pr Aijhy lokW dI igxqI auNglIAW qy igxI jw sikAw krdI sI [ auN\, ienHW dw inSwnw vI gurduAwrw mYNbrI nUM pOVI bxw ky isAwsq ivc AwpxI QW bxwauxw huMdw sI nw ik hYNkV idKwauxw jW &MfW dI Zlq vrqoN jW kurpSn krnw [
pr audoN ieh kdy nhIN sI hoieAw ik iksy ny mYNbr bxn vwsqy zwq-ibrwdrI dy nW qy votW mMgIAW hox jW SrwbW ipAw ky jW pYsy vMf ky votW hwisl kIqIAW hox [ ieho ijhy qrIky nwl votW ^rOdx dI bImwrI, vIh ivsvy, 1960 qoN mgroN dI hY qy ies dw mu`F audoN dy muK mMqrI ny bMinHAw sI ijs ny sB qoN pihlW zwq ibrwdrI dy nW qy pMQ ivc Pu`t pweI sI qy AkwlI dl do krvwey sn [ 1962 ivc AkwlI dl ivc Pu`t pYx mgroN zwq-pwq Aqy DVwbMdI dy ADwr qy cox ij`qx mgroN gurduAwirAW dy mYNbrW ivc kurpSn, golkW qoVn, JUTy ib`l bxwaux, kVwh pRSwd dIAW jwAlI prcIAW bxwayux dI iprq SurU hoeI [ ieh iprq vDdI vDdI A`j “blwA” bx geI [ jQydwr gurcrn isMG tOhVw ny ies bImwrI nUM bVW zor lw ky roikAw sI [
BwvyN 1960 qoN mgroN keI mYNbr ies bImwrI dw iSkwr hox lg pey sn pr iPr vI kw&I mYNbr, Ajy vI, gurduAwirAW ivc jw ky syvw krn, AMimRq prcwr krn qy ho pMQk kwrvweIAW ivc vD cVH ky ih`sw ilAw krdy sn [ “koeI hirAw bUt rihE rI” vWg aunHW ny syvw dI jVH hrI r`KI [
pr, is`K isAwsq ivc 1967 ivc iek nvW moV Aw igAw [ pMjwb ivc AkwlIAW dI srkwr bx geI [ hux AkwlI vrkrW dw iek ih`sw vzIr, AYm.AYl.ey., kwrporySnW dy cyArmYnW vwlw bx igAw [ ienHW ivcoN keI qW DOxW AkVw ky turn lg pey (pr iPr vI keIAW ivc pMQk hlImI kwiem rhI) [ pr dUjy pwsy keI AkwlI vrkr, ^ws kr ky, SRomxI kmytI dy keI mYNbr (ijhVy nvyN bxy vzIrW, AYm.AYl.eyz. qy cyArmYnW qoN coKy sInIAr sn), ies iqlsm nUM vyK ky bONdl gey qy aunHW ivc “sInIAr” hox dw Aihsws Awaux lg ipAw [ pr ienHW mYNbrW kol koeI qwkq nhIN sI ies kr ky auh kuJ icr qW qrlo-m`CI huMdy rhy [ pr, 1978 qoN bwAd, jd dobwrw AkwlI srkwr bxI Aqy nwl hI SRomxI kmytI nUM Awpxy h`Q ivc r`Kx dI dOV vI SurU hoeI qW SRomxI kmytI dy mYbrW dw ru^ vI bdlx lg ipAw [ hr swl mgroN hox vwlI, pRDwn dI cox vyly joV-qoV kwrn, bhuq swry mYNbr jwiez-nwjwiez mMgW r`Kx lg pey [ keI mYNbrW (swirAW nhIN) ivcoN qW qwkq dI boA vI Awaux lg peI qy A`j vI keIAW ivc auh sVHhWd AwauNdI hY [ (pr, ies dy bwvjUd A`j vI keI mYNbr pMQk drd r`Kx vwly vI hn) [
SRomxI kmytI dw ieh Asr pMjwb qoN bwhr dy v`fI Awmdn vwly gurduAwirAW qy vI ipAw pr a~uQy pMjwb vwlw hwl nhIN sI [ pr, ivdySW ivc ies dw sB qoN vD Asr ipAw qy auh vI Kws kr ky 1984 qoN bwAd [ ies dw muK kwrn cVHwvy nUM Awpxy h`Q ivc rKxw sI [ bVy gurduAwirAW dy cODrIAW ny ShIdW qy juJwrUAW dy nW qy l`KW fwlr qy pONf iek`Ty kr ky Gr, &YktrIAW qy zmInW ^rId leIAW [ ies dw pqw ies g`l qoN sw& lg skdw hY ik ijnHW kol 1984 qoN pihlW kuJ vI nhIN sI qy hux kYS qy (nkd) ley hoey Gr hn qy v`fIAW v`fIAW &YktrIAW hn, auh XkInn ShIdI &MfW dI imhr sdkw hI hoxy hn [ pr, ienHW nUM ieh nhIN Bu`lxw cwhIdw ik Akwl purK dw Q`pV vI bVw s^q hY auh hI ienHW nUM szw dyvygw qy auh vI s^q szw [ ^Yr…
koeI vylw sI ik gurduAwirAW ivc mYNbr qy Ahudydwr bxn dw mwAnw vDyry syvw krnw, vD smW dyxw, PMf dyxw qy iek`Ty krnw, Drm prcwr krnw, syvw krnw, kurbwnI krnw hoieAw krdw sI [ pr qwkq dI isAwsq, gurduAwirAW dI Awmdn ivc vwDy, Drm prcwr dI kmI, AwgUAW ivc rUhwnIAq dI Gwt, lwlc, idE-soc, zwq-pwq Aqy kbwielI soc dw vwDw, Awm smwj ivc ienswnIAq qy Drm dI Bwvnw dI kmI ny gurduAwirAW dy duAwly kurpt AMsr nUM vDwaux ivc rol Adw kIqw hY [ hux gurduAwirAW dIAW coxW isr& qy isr& isAwsI bx geIAW hn [ hux pRDwn, mIq pRDwn, jnrl sk`qr auh nhIN bxdy jo vD syvw krn vwly hox, cMgy is`K hox, kwblIAq vwly hox, is`K &ls&y nUM vD smJx vwly hox, eImwndwr hox; blik auh bxdy hn ijnHW dI ibrwdrI dIAW votW vD hox, jo vD pYsy ^rc ky Srwb qy mIt dIAW pwrtIAW kr skx, jo vrkr Aqy votW ^rId skx, jo SrwbW ipAw ky votW puAw skx jW votW dI igxqI ivc hyrw PyrI kr/krvw skdy hox [
prdysW ivc ieh bImwrI cVHwvy Aqy &MfW dy lwlc dy nwl-nwl zwq pwq, ibrwdrI, ielwkw-vMf (mwJw, mwlvw, duAwbw), DVy dI soc nwl vDyry ilbVI hoeI hY [ auQy votW pysy nwl ^rIdIAW qW nhIN jWdIAW pr cox ij`qx dw ipCokV gurduAwry dw cVHwvw qy cODr vDyry huMdw hY [ (iesy kr ky ivdySW ivc gurduAwirAW dw rol jmHW-p`KI hox dI bjwey n&I-p`KI hoeI jw irhw hY.. qy ieh bImwrI idn-bidn vDdI jw rhI hY [ gurdyAwry nwl nvIN pnIrI nUM zrw-mwsw vI lgwA nhIN [ iesy kr ky fr hY ik hor 25-30 swl mgroN ieh swry gurduAwry crcW vWg KwlI nzr AwieAw krngy [)
gurduAwirAW dy &Mf, qwkq, hYNkV, zwq-pwq, lwlcW qy aupr izkr kIqy kwrnW kr ky gurduAwirAW dy pRDwn, “sInIAr” mIq prDwn, jnrl sk`qr, styj sk`qr qwy hor cODrI Awpxy Awp nUM hwkm qy gurduAwry dy mwlk smJx lg pey hn [ keIAW ny qW gurduAwirAW dy ivDwn vI Aijhy bxw ley hn ik aynHW auqy aunHW dw, aunHW dy t`br dw jW aunHW dy swqIAW dw hmySw vwsqy kbzw irhw krygw [ Xwin, gurduAwry aunHW dy ^wndwn jW aunHW dI ibrwdrI dI jwiedwd hI bx gey hn [ iesy kr ky bhuqy pRDwn qy cODrI hux auh bxdy hn ijnHW nUM is`K Drm, is`K &ls&y, is`K jIvn jwc, Drm, ie^lwk, ienswnIAq, syvw Bwvnw, pMQk soc vwl koeI vwsqw nhIN huMdw [
ies swry dw nqIjw ieh hox lg ipAw hy ik gurduAwry dy AwgUAW ivcoN Swied sYNkiVAW ivcoN iek-A`D &I sdI hI kdy gurduAwry ivc JwVU dyNdw idsy jW lMgr ivc jUTy BWifAW dI syvw vwsqy KVw nzr Awvy jW joiVAW ivc ifaUtI dyNdw hovy jw drIAW sMBwldw hovy [ bhuqy (90 qoN 99 &I sdI) cODrI qW AYqvwr jW iksy smwgm (AKOqI kwn&rMs) vwly idn, dupihr dy vyly gurduAwry AwauNdy hn Aqy do cwr GMty gurduAwry dy d&qr, styj jW iksy nu`kr ivc mjHmw lw ky bYTy gpOV JwV rhy nzr AwauNdy hn [ aunHW vwsqy rotI (ieh lMgr nhIN huMdw) qy cwh dIAW ipAwlIAW lgwqwr hwizr ho rhIAW huMdIAW hn qy auh syvwdwrW, gRMQIAW Aqy Awm SrDwlUAW „qy roAb pw ky AwpxI mYNbrI, pRDwngI qy cODr dI “ifaUtI” inBw ky Gro GrI cly jWdy hn [ aunHW vwsqy gurduAwry dI syvw gRMQI ny krnI huMdI hY jo aunHW dw “nOkr” jW “GtIAw styts dw syvwdwr” qoN vD kuJ nhIN huMdw [
ies mwhOl ny gurduAwirAW ivcoN rUhwnI mwhOl nUM ^qm kIqw hY, isAwsq vDweI hY qy Dwrimk AdwirAW nUM soSl sYNtr bxwaux dI koiSS kIqI hY [ Drm dy inGwr dy kwrnW ivc hornW g`lW dy nwl-nwl ieh vI iek v`fw kwrn hY ik nvIN pIVHI Drm qoN dUr hoeI jw rhI hY [ ies dw v`fw iSkwr auN\ ienHW cODrIAW dy b`cy izAwdw hn jo Awpxy cODrI-mwipAW dIAW krqUqW qy GtIAw Dwrimk ikrdwr nUM vyK ky Drm nUM GtIAw smJdy hn [
syvw dI is`KI ivc bVI au~cI QW hY [ ijMnI inmrqw vwlI syvw hovy Enw hI auh syvwdwr gurU A`gy ivc vDyry kbUl huMdw hY [ auh is`K hI vDyry dwnw hY, mohqbr hY, ie`zq dy kwibl hY, Blw hY jo vDyry syvw krdw hY qy ^ws kr ky vDyrI inmrqw vwlI syvw krdw hY [ so hr s`cy pRDwn/mIq pRDwn/jnrl sk`qr/sk`qr nUM cwhIdw hY ik auh lMgr dy jUTy BWfy mWijAw krn, &rS sw& krn dI syvw kirAw krn, joiVAW dI jW hor inmrqw vwlI syvw kirAw krn qW jo aunHW ivc pRDwngI/sk`qrI qy cODr dI AwkV nw Awvy qy aunHW ivc inmrqw dw vwDw hovy [ [
SRomxI kmytI dy mYNbrW nUM cwhIdw hY ik pRDwn qoN nwjwiez kMm krvwaux dI bjwie koeI syvw dw hlImI dw kMm kirAw krn [ jd auh AMImRqsr ivc mIitMg qy nhIN AwauNdy qW nyVy dy iksy gurduAwry ivc jw ky JwVU, joiVAW, BWifAW dI s&weI jW smwj syvw jW Drm prcwr dI syvw kirAw krn [ ieMj auh nwly mwx hwisl krngy qy nwly puMn K`yxgy [
syvw is`K nUM hlImI isKwauNdI hY [ aus dw mn nIvW mq aucI qy rUhwnIAq ivc vwDw krdI hY [
AwE AwpW pRDwngIAW qy sk`qrIAW nUM gurduAwirAW dI s`cI syvw krn vwsqy kbUl krIey nw ik hYNkVm dbkw, roAb, lwlc, kurpSn, kbwielI soc jW nwjwiez A-pMQk kwrvweIAW vwsqy krIey [ vwihgurU sB kuJ vyK irhw hY aus qoN kuJ vI CuipAw nhIN hY so vylw hY A`j vI sMBl clIey [
iek ieh vI iKAwl rhy ik gurduAwry dw mqlb isr& AKMf pwT krvwauxw, AYqvwrI dIvwn lwauxw, iblifMg bxwauxw, FwfI/kIrqnI drbwr krvwauxw, lMgr clwauxw, lYkcr krvwauxw nhIN hn ieh is`K Drm dy prcwr dw kyNdr vI hn qy jy AsIN Drm prcwr ivc rol Adw nhIN krdy qW AsIN gurduAwry dy Ahudydwr AKvwaux dI bjwie iksy sosl klb dy lIfr hovWgy [
fwktr hrijMdr isMG idlgIr