Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb

dunIAW Br dI Dwrimk qvwrIK Aqy ShIdIAW dI lVI ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb jI dI swKI byimswl hY, lwswnI hY qy kmwl hY[ bicqr nwtk dy ilKwrI (ieh ilKwrI gurU goibMd isMG swihb nhIN hn) dy l&zW ivc:

iqlk jM\U, rwKw pRB qw kw[kIno bfo, klU mih swkw[

swDn hyiq, ieqI ijn krI[ sIsu dIAw, pr sI nw aucrI[…

Drm hyiq, swkw ijin kIAw[ sIsu dIAw, pr isrru n dIAw[…

Tikir Poir idlIs isir, pRB pur kIAw pXwn[ qyZ bhwdr sI ikRAw,krI n iknhUM Awn[…

qyZ bhwdr k clq, BXo jgq ko sok[ hY hY hY sB jg Bxo, jY jY jY sur lok[…

dunIAW dI qvwrI^ ivc swry DrmW qy hr iek dy AkIdy dI AwzwdI (Dwrimk XkIn) vwsqy isr& ie`ko-iek Shwdq hoeI hY qy auh hY gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb jI dI[ ShId hor DrmW ivc vI hooey hn pr aunHW swirAW dI ShIdI isr& injI AkIdy, XkIn qy &lsPy ‟qy Atl rihx kwrx hoeI sI; auh iksy gYr-Drm rKx vwilAW nMU aunHW dw h`k idvwaux vwsqy ShId nhIN sn hoey, Aqy nw hI aunHW dI kurbwnI ip`Cy smu`cI lokweI nMU aunHW dw Dwrimk h`k idvwaux dI soc sI[ ieh vifAweI isr& gurU qyZ bhwdr nMU hI hwisl hY ik aunHW ny dunIAW Br dy lokW nMU Awpxw Drm inBwaux dw h`k idvwaux vwsqy ShIdI hwisl kIqI sI[ A`j BwvyN XU.AYn.E. qy hor kOmWqrI kwnMUnW ivc ienswn nMU „Drm dI AwzwdI‟ dw h`k idvwaux vwsqy iliKAw hoieAw hY pr ies nMU gurU swihb ny qW 1675 ivc hI AmlI rUp ivc swibq kr ky, ShIdI dy idqI sI[ ieh vKrI g`l hY ik Aihswn-&rwmoS ihMdU m`q vwilAW ny aus mhwn ShId nMU auh mwx nhIN idqw ijs dw auh h`kdwr sI[

gurU qyZ bhwdr jI dw jnm 18 AkqUbr 1621 dy idn mwqw nwnkI Aqy gurU hir goibMd swihb dy Gr, gurU dw c`k (hux AMimRqsr) ivc hoieAw sI (bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqSwhIAW dw, cYptr 9, bMd pihlw)[(ies QW ‟qy gurduAwrw „gurU dy mihl‟ bixAw hoieAw hY)[ kuJ QWeIN Awp dw jnm 1 ApRYl 1621 dw iliKAw imldw hY[ ieh BulyKw ihMdU lyKkW dy prcwr kwrn pYdw hoieAw hY[ ihMdU vihmW muqwibk ibkrmI sMmq dy k`qk dy mhIny ivc jMmx vwlw b`cw jW qW nihS hMudw hY jW auh aucI/v`fI, hsqI nhIN grdwinAw jw skdw[ ies kr ky bRwhmx iksm dy ilKwrIAW ny gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dw jnm k`qk dI QW ivswK mhIny ivc bdl idqw (iehI Srwrq aunHW ny gurU nwnk swihb dy jnm idn nwl vI kIqI qy aus nMU vI k`qk dI pUrnmwSI dI QW ivswK sudI iqMn kr id`qw sI)[

gurU qyZ bhwdr dw bcpn „gurU dw c`k‟ (AMimRqsr) ivc bIiqAw[ Awp ny BweI gurdws, BweI isMGw purohq qy hor ivdvwnW qoN is`K Drm, &ls&y, gurbwxI Aqy qvwrIK dw igAwn hwisl kIqw[ Awp in`kI aumr ivc hI eyny Awlm-&wzl bx gey sn ik gurU hrgoibMd swihb dI ZYr-hwzrI ivc sMgqW Awp qoN kQw suxn lg pYdIAW sn[ isr& ielm hI nhIN blik Awp ny Ssqr clwaux qy GoV svwrI ivc vI mhwrq hwisl kIqI[

CyqI hI gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb jI dI Azmq, aunHW dI S^sIAq qy aunHW dI jvwnI dw crcw hr pwsy PYl igAw[ aunHIN idnI AMbwlw nyVly lKnOr ipMf dy BweI lwl cMd suiB`KI hr swl ivc kuJ mhIny gurU Arjn swihb dy vswey ngr krqwrpur (ijlw jlMDr) ivc vI irhw krdy sn[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb vI Aksr krqwrpur AwieAw krdy sn[ iek vwr BweI lwl cMd dI GrvwlI ny mwqw nwnkI (mwqw gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb) kol AwpxI DI gujrI dy (gurU) qyZ bhwdr nwl ivAwh dI g`l CyVI[ mwqw nwnkI jI ny gurU hrgoibMd swihb nwl g`l kr ky ies irSqy nMU mnzUr kr ilAw[ suc`jI bIbI gujrI (jo gurU qyZ bhwdr qoN isr& iek swl CotI sI) dw ivAwh 14 PrvrI 1633 dy idn krqwrpur ivc hoieAw[ ies AnMd kwrj dy mOky qy BweI gurdws, bwbw bu`Fw, BweI b`lU, BweI drIAw, BweI pdmw cOhwn, BweI AVU rwm d`q, BweI kIrq B`t, BweI isMGw purohq, BweI j`gU cohwn, BweI suKIAw mWfn Aqy bhuq swry hor drbwrI is`K hwzr sn[ krqwrpur dI qvwrI^ ny muV ky Aijhw AnMd kwrj kdy nhIN sI dyiKAw ijs ivc eynIAW S^sIAqW Swiml hoeIAW hox[ ivAwh mgroN gurU qyZ bhwdr Aqy mwqw gujrI „gurU dw c`k‟ (AMimRqsr) cly gey[

ivAwh qoN isr& 14 mhIny mgroN, 16 ApRYl 1634 dy idn, Awp dI BYx bIbI vIro dw ivAwh sI[ ies qoN isr& iek idn pihlW mugl &OjW ny gurU dw c`k ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ ies vyly Awp dI aumr isr& swFy bwrW swl sI[ Awp ny BweI ibDI cMd qy hor jrnYlW nwl rl ky mugl hmly dw ft ky mukwblw kIqw[ Awp ny ies lVweI ivc ^Ub bhwdrI idKweI ijs nMU vyK ky swry lok dMg rih gey[mgroN iksy ilKwrI ny ieh vI ilK idqw ik ies lVweI ivc kmwl dI qyZ vwhux kr ky Awp jI nMU qyZ bhwdr dw iKqwb idqw igAw qy Awp dw nW iqAwg m`l qoN qyZ bhwdr bx igAw[ ieh g`l shI nhIN hY[ B`t vhIAW Aqy hor soimAW muqwibk jnm vyly hI Awp dw nW qyZ bhwdr sI[ Awp dw ieh nW ies kr ky r`iKAw igAw sI ik Awp dy jnm qoN isr& fyF mhIny pihlW hI (3 AkqUbr 1621 dy idn) gurU hir goibMd swihb ny ruhIlw (hux hrgoibMdpur) ivc Bgvwn dws GyrV qy krm cMd (puqr cMdU) vloN ilAWdI muZl &Oj nMU burI qrHW iSksq idqI sI qy ieh Awm crcw sI ik is`K qW qyZ clwaux vwlI bhwdr kOm hn[ auN\ ieh shI hY ik gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb jI ny krqwrpur (26-28 ApRYl 1635) dI lVweI ivc vI vD cV ky ih`sw ilAw sI[

krqwrpur dI lVweI mgroN gurU hrgoibMd prvwr sxy kIrqpur cly gey[ 3 meI 1635 qoN mwrc 1644 q`k, 8 swl 10 mhIny, Awp ipqw jI nwl vDyrw smW kIrqpur ivc rhy[ eyQy Awp sMgqW dI syvw vI krdy rhy Aqy keI vwr Sbd dI kQw vI krdy sn[ ivcoN kuJ icr vwsqy Awp bkwlw vI cly gey sn[ bkwlw ivc Awp dy nwnw hrI cMd lMb Aqy nwnI hr dyeI rihMdy sn[ bkwlw vI is`K Drm dy iek pRcwr sYNtr vjoN jwixAw jWdw sI[ jdoN gurU hrgoibMd swihb joqI-joiq smwey qW Awp bkwlw ivc sn[ ^br imlidAW hI Awp mwqw nwnkI Aqy mwqw gujrI nwl kIrqpur pu`jy Aqy Ardws ivc Swiml hoey[ joqI-joiq smwaux qoN pihlW gurU hrgoibMd gurg`dI gurU hirrwie nMU sOONp gey sn[

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb vDyrw smW kIrqpur nw Tihry qy vwips bkwlw cly gey[ Awp dy nwl hI Awp dI mwqw nwnkI qy pqnI mwqw gujrI vI bkwlw cly gey[ ies smyN dOrwn mwJw, n`kw (rwvI qy JnW dirAwvW ivckwrlw ielwkw) qy poTohwr vgYrw dIAW sMgqW Aksr bkwlw AwieAw krdIAW sn, ijnHW nMU gurU swihb gurbwxI dI kQw qy gurU ieiqhws dI kQw suxwieAw krdy sn[ ies dOrwn Awp kdy-kdy goieMdvwl, gurU dw c`k (AMimRqsr), krqwrpur Aqy kIrqpur vI jWdy rihMdy sn[ Agly bwrHW swl (1656 qk) Awp bkwlw ivc hI rhy[

bkwlw ivc Bory ivc qp krn dI AslIAq

is`K ieiqhws ivgwVn vwly kuJ ilKwrIAW ny gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb bwry iliKAw hY ik auh 1644 qoN 1664 qk (gurU hirgoibMd swihb dy joqI-joiq smwaux qoN gurg`dI imlx q`k) 20 swl bkwlw ivc “Bory ivc bYT ky qp” krdy rhy sn[ iek ilKwrI ny qW ieh smW 25-26 swl vI iliKAw hY[ drAsl ienHW ilKwirAW nMU ies smyN dy is`K qvwrI^ bwry smgrI nhINN sI l`BI qy aunHW ieh XbHlI mwr ky hI ies smyN dy K`py nMU pUrw krn dI KwihS nwl ieh Zlq ibAwnI kr idqI ik gurU swihb Bory ivc luk ky qp krdy rhy sn[ pihlI g`l qW gurU swihb ies smyN ivcoN isr& bwrHW swl bkwlw ivc sn Aqy A`T swl qW auh pUrb (Aswm, bMgwl, ibhwr) qy au~qr pRdyS ivc Drm prcwr krdy rhy sn[ dUjw, aunHW dw bkwlw ivc rihx dw swrw smW vI mwJy ivc Drm prcwr dw vylw sI[ qIjw, AKOqI–qp`isAw

jW Bory ivc luk ky qp krnw isK &ls&y dy mu`FoN hI ayult hYY:
ikAw jpu ikAw qpu ikAw bRq pUjw]	(gurU gRMQ swihb, s&w 324)
ikAw jpu ikAw qpu sMjmo, ikAw brqu ikAw iesnwnu]		(s&w 337)
jMgl ivc jwxw, jog, sMinAws jW AKOqI qp dy hor frwmy gurU qyZ bhwdr
swihb ny qW Kud AwpxI bwxI ivc hI r`d kIqy hoey hn:
kwhy ry bn Kojn jweI[
srb invwsI sdw Alypw qohI sMig smweI[		(s&w 684)
jogI jMgm Aru sMinAws[ sB hI pir fwrI ieh Pws[		(s&w 1186)

mn ry gihE nw gur aupdysu[

swry gurU swihbwn ny AKOqI qp nMU pwKMf AwK ky r`d kIqw hoieAw hY[ so, gurU qyZ bhwdr jI dI izMdgI bwry pUrI q&sIl nw imlx kr ky aunHW nMU Bory ivc vwVn dI koiSS krnw qvwrI^ nwl izAwdqI sI[

pUrb ivc Drm prcwr

kIrqpur ivc gurU hirrwie gurg`dI dI syvw nMU inBw rhy sn Aqy mwJy ivc (gurU) qyZ bhwdr Drm prcwr ivc Awpxw rol Adw kr rhy sn[ ivc-ivc (gurU) qyZ bhwdr kIrqpur vI ho AwieAw krdy sn[ jUn 1656 ivc Awp gurU hirrwie jI nUM imlx vwsqy kIrqpur geyy hoey sn[ aunHIN idnIN Awgrw, kwSI (bnwrs/vwrwnsI), imrzwpur, pRXwg (Alwhwbwd) qoN ielwvw gXw, ptnw, Fwkw Aqy Aswm qoN vI bhuq swrIAW sMgqW gurU hir rwie swihb dy drSnW vwsqy AweIAW hoeIAW sn[ ienHW sMgqW ny aunHW nMU Arz kIqI ik auh Drm prcwr vwsqy aunHW dy ielwikAW ivc drSn dyx[ pr gurU hirrwie swihb ny aunHW nMU disAw ik kIrqpur swihb ivc sMgqW lgwqwr AwauNdIAW rihMdIAW hn[ ies kr ky auQoN cly jwx nwl dUr-durwfIAW sMgqW nMU bVI muSikl hovygI[ pr jd pUrb dIAW sMgqW ny bhuq zor idqw qW gurU hir rwie swihb ny Awpxy cwcw (gurU) qyZ bhwdr nMU AwiKAw ik auh pUrb ivc jw ky sMgqW ivc Drm prcwr dI syvw inBwaux[ pihlW qW (gurU) qyZ bhwdr ny mwJy qoN dUr jwxw mnzUr nw kIqw, pr sMgqW vloN vwr-vwr Arz kIqy jwx qy aunHW ny pUrb dw dOrw krnw mMn ilAw[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb 9 jUn 1656 dy idn kIrqpur swihb qoN pUrb v`l dy lMby dOry ‟qy cl pey[ aunHW dw prvwr Aqy drbwrI is`KW dw iek vfw j`Qw vI aunHW dy nwl igAw[ ies sbMDI iek ieMdrwj B`t vhI qlwauNfw, prgxw jINd ivc ieMv imldw hY:

“guru qyZ bhwdr jI, bytw guru hirgoibMd jI mhl Cty kw, poqw gurU Arjn kw, soFI KqrI, bwsI kIrqpur, prgxw kihlUr, sMmq sqrW sY qyrW, AswV pRivSty igAwrW, qIrQ Xwqrw jwny kI iqAwrI kI[ gYloN mwqw nwnkI jI AweI, iesqrI gurU hirgoibMd jI kI, mwqw nyqI jI AweI iesqrI guru guridqw jI kI, mwqw hrI jI AweI iesqrI guru sUrj m`l jI kI, bwvw bwlU hsnw qy bwvw Almsq jI Awey, cyly guru guridqw jI ky, mwqw gujrI jI AweI iesqrI guru qyZ bhwdr jI kI, ikRpwl cMd AwieAw bytw bwbw lwl cMd suiB`KI kw, dIvwn drgh m`l AwieAw bytw dvwrkw dws iCbr bRwhmx kw, swDU rwm AwieAw bytw Drm cMd Kosly kw, durgw dws AwieAw bytw mUl cMd jlwhny puAwr kw, idAwl dws AwieAw bytw mweI dws puAwr blauNq kw, caupiq rwie AwieAw bytw pYrw rwm iCbr kw [ hor isK &kIr Awey[” (not “B`t vhIAW” ivc gurU swihbwn dy prvwr dy hr mYNbr nwl „gurU‟ ilKdy sn)[

kIrqpur qoN cl ky gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dw jQw mlkpur rMGVW, kotlw inhMg ^wn, lKnOr, pMjoKVw qy kurUkSyqr dy ielwky ivc Drm prcwr krdw hoieAw 29 mwrc 1657 nMU, ivswK dI pihlI dy idn, hrduAwr pu`jw[ hrduAwr ivc Awp fyF mhIny qoN vD rhy qy ies dOrwn Awly-duAwly dy ielwikAW ivc vI jWdy rhy[ hrduAwr ivc pRcwr kridAW mQrw, gVH mukqySvr, Awgrw, imrzwpur Aqy kwSI dIAW sMgqW Awp nMU imlx vwsqy AweIAW[ sMgqW dI KwihS nMU swhvyN rKidAW Awp ienHW ielwikAW ivc vI gey[ Awp ny Awgry ivc keI mhIny ibqwey Aqy sYNkVy prvwrW nMU is`KI ivc Swiml kIqw[ hrduAwr Aqy pRXwg dy ivckwrly ielwky ivc keI mhIny ibqwaux mgroN Awp pRXwg pu`jy[ Awp ny pRXwg ivc keI mhIny ibqwey[ ies vyly mwqw gujrI vI Awp dy nwl sn[

ies mgrooN Awp imrzwpur vI gey qy ie`QoN cl ky 21 jUn 1661 (hwV sudI 5, sMmq 1718) dy idn kwSI pu`jy[ B`t vhI muqwibk:

“bMJrwaUq jlhwny:

mweI dws blU kw jyTw mweI dws kw idAwl dws mweI dws kw mnI rwm mweI dws kw hrI cMd jyTw kw mQrw idAwl dws kw gurU qyZ bhwdr jI bytw guurU hrgoibMd jI mhl Cty kw bnwrs Awey, swl sqrW sY ATwrW AswF sudI pMcmI, gYloN nwnkI jI AweI mwqw gurU qyZ bhwdr jI kI, mwqw hrI jI AweI iesqrI gurU sUrj ml jI kI, BweI ikrpwl cMd AwieAw bytw lwl cMd jI suiBKI kw, bwvw idAwl dws AwieAw bytw mweI dws jlhwny kw, gvwl dws AwieAw bytw Cuty ml iCbr kw, caupq rwey AwieAw bytw pYry iCbr kw, sMgq AwieAw bytw ibMny aupl kw, swDU rwm AwieAw bytw Drmy Kosly kw[”

jUn 1661 dy AKIr ivc gurU swihb gXw Aqy ptnw vl cl pey[ rsqy ivc prcwr krdy hoey Awp julweI dy SurU ivc ptnw phMuc gey[ ies mgroN Awp Alwhwbd vI gey[ Awp 19 dsMbr 1662 (mwG Suklw p`Ky 5, sMmq 1719) dy idn Alwhwbwd ivc sn[ Awp ny Agly keI mhIny ibhwr, bMgwl qy Aswm ivc ibqwey[ jdoN gurU swihb pUrb ivc prcwr dOry ‟qy gey qW mwqw gujrI qy gurU-prvwr dy bwkI mYNbr ptnw ivc hI rhy[ mwqw gujrI vDyrw smW syT jYq rwm dy mkwn ivc Tihry[ Awp kdy-kdy rwjw &qih Swh mYnI dy Gr vI jwieAw krdy sn[ ies dOrwn 18 dsMbr 1661 dy idn mwqw gujrI ny goibMd dws (gurU goibMd isMG) nMU jnm idqw[ byty dy jnm dI ^br kw&I dyr mgroN gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU pu`jI[

auDr kIrqpur ivc 6 AkqUbr 1661 dy idn gurU hir rwie swihb joqI joiq smw gey[gurU hir rwie swihb ny Awpxy v`fy pu`qr rwm rwie nMU pihlW hI gurg`dI dy h`k qoN byd^l kr idqw sI[ ies vkq gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb Drm prcwr vwsqy pUrb dy dOry ‟qy gey hoey sn[ ies hwlq ivc gurU hir rwie swihb ny gurg`dI gurU hrikSn swihb nMU sONp idqI[ gurU hir rwie swihb dy joqI-joiq smwaux dI ^br gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU meI 1662 dy AKIr ivc imlI[ hux Awp ny vwps pMjwb jwx dI iqAwrI SurU kr leI[

id`lI ivc gurU hrikSn swihb nwl myl

gurU swihb ny cumwsw (jUn qoN sqMbr) lMGx mgroN AkqUbr 1662 ivc ptnw qoN pMjwb vl s&r SurU kIqw[ ies vyly goibMd dws dI aumr isr& 10 mhIny dI sI[ ies kr ky gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny mwqw gujrI qy byty nMU Awpxy swly ikrpwl cMd suiB`KI Aqy BweI caupq rwie (cOpw isMG) dI dyK-ryK ivc ptnw ivc hI C`f idqw Aqy bwkI prvwr qy isMGW nMU nwl lY ky idlI vl nMU rvwnw hoey[ Awp dy nwl mwqw nwnkI, mwqw hrI, mwqw AnMqI, swDU rwm Koslw, dIvwn drgh ml, BweI idAwl dws qy hor bhuq swry swQI vI sn[ iqMn mhIny dw s&r krn mgroN ieh j`Qw 3 jnvrI 1663 dy idn pRXwg pu`jw[ pRXwg ivc is`K sMgqW ny Awp nMU keI h&qy rokI r`iKAw[ ies mgroN Awp Awgrw vl cl pey[ ipCly dOry vWg ies vwr vI Awp nMU keI mhIny Awgrw ivc rukxw ipAw[ Awgrw ivc rihMidAW Awp ny Awly-duAwly dy ielwky dy keI ipMfW dw dOrw kIqw[ Awp mQrw vI gey qy keI idn dIvwn sjwauNdy rhy[

v`K-v`K QWvW dw dOrw krdy Awp 21 mwrc 1664 dy idn id`lI ivc pu`jy ijQy Awp idlvwlI muh`ly ivc BweI kilAwxw dI Drmswlw ivc Tihry[ BweI kilAwxw dy poqy BweI bwGw qy pVpoqy nwnMU rwm ny Awp nMU qih-idloN jI AwieAW AwiKAw[ (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb dy id`lI pu`jx qy rwmrwie (jo AOrMgzyb nwl nyVqw bxw ky auQy rih irhw sI) vI Awp nMU imlx AwieAw[ rwmrwie ny (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU vI cu`k dyx dI koiSS kIqI qy ikhw ik gurg`dI ‟qy h`k qW quhwfw bxdw sI[ aus dy ieh AwKx ‟qy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny ikhw ik gurU hir rwie swihb ny ijs nMU TIk smiJAw aus nMU hI g`dI sONpI sI[ aunHW dy &Ysly ‟qy ikMqU nhIN kIqI jw skdI[ rwm rwey ny AwpxI dwl gldI nw vyKI qW vwips clw igAw[

ies dOrwn BweI bwGw ny (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU d`isAw ik gurU hrikSn swihb vI id`lI ivc Awey hoey hn[ aunHW nMU rwmrwie ny gurg`dI dw JgVw KVHw kr ky AOrMgzyb vloN id`lI Awaux vwsqy sMmn iBjvwey sn[ aunHW ieh vI disAw ik gurU hrikSn swihb qy AOrMgzyb dw myl Ajy q`k nhIN ho sikAw[ ieh sux ky (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb ny gurU hrikSn swihb nMU imlx dw PYslw kr ilAw[

Agly idn 22 mwrc nMU (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb rwjw jY isMh imrzw dy bMgly qy gey[ gurU hrikSn swihb bVy ipAwr nwl Awp nMU imly[ Awp ny pMQ dI vkqI hwlwq qy hor nukiqAW bwry gurU hrikSn swihb nwl Awpxy ivcwr sWJy kIqy Aqy nwl hI goibMd dws dy jnm bwry disAw[(gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb ny gurU hrikSn swihb nwl rwm rwie dI swizS dw izkr vI kIqw[ aunHW gurU hrikSn swihb nMU ieh vI d`isAw ik AOrMgzyb bhuq cwlwk bMdw hY qy aus nwl glbwq ivc vD qoN vD cOks rihxw zrUrI hY[ ies mOky ‟qy gurU hrikSn swihb ny (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU ikhw ik jy mYnUM Akwl purK dw bulwvw Aw igAw qW gurU nwnk swihb dI g`dI sMBwlx dI syvw quhwnMU hI krnI pvygI[ ieh sux ky (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb cu`p qy gMBIr ho gey[

(gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb 22 qy 23 mwrc dw idn gurU hrikSn swihb dy nwl rwjw jY isMh imrzw dy bMgly ivc rhy qy ivcwrW krdy rhy[ Awp 24 mwrc 1664 dy idn Awpxy prvwr qy jQy dy bwkI is`KW nwl pMjwb vwsqy rvwnw ho gey[ rsqy ivc AwpxI BYx bIbI vIro nMU imlx vwsqy ipMf mlHw vI gey[ BweI swDU rwm dy prvwr ny Awp dI bVI syvw kIqI[ kuJ idn dIvwn sjwaux mgroN (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb Awpxy jIjy BweI swDU rwm nMU mlHw ivc C`f ky sulqwnpur vl cl pey, ijQoN A`gy auh bkwlw cly gey[

gurU hrikSn swihb dw joqI-joiq smwauxw

24 mwrc 1664 dy idn (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb id`lI qoN pMjwb vl cly gey sn[ Agly idn 25 mwrc nMU gurU hrikSn swihb qy AOrMgzyb ivckwr pihlI mulwkwq hoeI[ AOrMgzyb ny aunHW nUM do idn bwAd Pyr imlx vwsqy ikhw[

aus rwq nMU gurU swihb ‟qy cIck dI bImwrI ny hmlw kIqw[ Agly cwr idn buKwr vDdw igAw[ A^Ir smW AwieAw jwx ky Awp ny 30 mwrc 1664 dy idn swirAW nMU kol bulw ky AwiKAw ik myry mgroN gurg`dI “bkwly vwly bwby” (gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb) nMU sONpxI hY[ ieh kihx qoN QoVHw icr mgroN hI auh joqI-joiq smw gey[ sskwr krn qoN kuJ idn mgroN mwqw sulKxI ny gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU gurg`dI sMBwlx vwsqy bkwly pYgwm ByijAw[

gurg`dI sMBwlx dI Ardws

AprYl qoN julweI qk cwr mhIny sMgqW kIrqpur AwauNdIAW rhIAW[ jd aunHW nMU pqw l`gw ik hux gurg`dI gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU sONp idqI geI hY Aqy auh bkwlw ivc hn qW kuJ is`K Awp nUM l`Bx vwsqy bkwlw vl vI gey[ gurU swihb ny bkwlw ivc rihxw hI mnzUr kIqw[ eyQy Awp Ajy dIvwn nhIN sn sjwieAw krdy[ AKIr cwr mhIny aufIkx mgroN gurU hrikSn swihb dy mwqw sul`KxI jI, dIvwn drgh m`l, BweI mnI rwm (BweI mnI isMG) Aqy bhuq swry is`KW ny bkwlw jw ky gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU gurg`dI sMBwlx vwsqy Arz krn Aqy ies rsm dI Ardws krn dw &Yslw kr ilAw[ ieh swry jxy 11 Agsq 1664 dy idn bkwlw p`ujy Aqy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU imly[ gurU swihb nMU gurg`dI sONpx dI Ardws bwbw dvwrkw dws (bytw bwbw ArjwnI, poqw bwbw mohrI qy pVpoqw gurU Amrdws jI) ny inBweI[ ies mOky ‟qy bhuq swrIAW sMgqW hwizr sn[ ies sbMDI iek ieMdrwj B`t vhIAW ivc ieM\ imldw hY:

“dIvwn drgh m`l bytw dvwrkw dws kw poqw prwg dws kw, caupiq rwey bytw pYry kw poqw gOqm kw iCbr bRwhmx, jyTw mweI dws kw, mnI rwm mweI dws kw blauNq jlHwny, j`gU bytw pdmw kw poqw kauly kw hjwvq AWibAwnw, nwnU bytw bwGy kw poqw aumYdy kw, id`lI sy gurU hrikSn jI mihl ATmy kI mwqw sul`KxI ky swQ bkwly Awey[ swl sqrW sY iekIs Bwdvw kI Amwvs ky idn…[”(B`t vhI qlwauNFw, prgxw jINd, Kwqw jlwhnoN kw)

gurg`dI sMBwlx mgroN gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dw sB qoN pihlw dOrw kIrqpur swihb dw sI[ jUn 1656 ivc pUrb dy dOry mgroN Awp ipCly A`T swl ivc iek vwr vI is`K kOm dy hYf-kuAwrtrz kIrqpur nhIN sn jw sky[ ies dOrwn gurU hir rwie swihb qy gurU hrikSn swihb joqI-joiq smw cuky sn[ ies qoN ielwvw gurU hir rwie swihb dI bytI bIbI rUp kOr dw ivAwh ho cukw sI qy auh Awpxy pqI nwl kIrqpur dy nwl lgvyN ipMf kilAwxpur ivc rih rhI sI[ ies kr ky gurU swihb ny sB qoN pihlW bIbI rUp kOr nMU imlx dw &Yslw kIqw qW jo aus dy ipqw qy Brw dy joqI-joiq smwaux sbMDI „prcwvnI‟ kr skx[ 21 Agsq 1664 dy idn Awp bIbI rUp kOr dy Gr pujy[ ies mOky qy Awp nwl bhuq swry drbwrI is`K vI sn[ ies bwry B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI ivc ieMv izkr AwauNdw hY:

“gurU qyg bhwdr jI mhl nWvyN, bkwlw sy kIrqpur Awey, prgnw kihlUr, swl sqrW sY iekIs Bwdvw sudI dsmIN, Kym krn Du`sy KqrI ky Gr bIbI rUp kaur ky blwaunw[ swQ dvwrkw dws AwieAw bytw ArjwnI swihb B`ly kw, swQ dIvwn drGw ml AwieAw bytw dvwrkw dws iCbr kw, swQ j`gU bytw pdmw kw AwieAw, hjwvq AWibAwnw[…”(B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI, prgxw jINd, Kwqw hjwvqoN kw)

m`Kx Swh lubwxw dw bkwly Awauxw

9 AkqUbr 1664 dy idn ihMdUAW dw dIvwlI dw iqauhwr sI[ ies vyly gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb bkwlw ivc sn[ hr swl ies mOky ‟qy is`K Awpxw dsvMD Byt krn vwsqy gurU swihbwn kol AwieAw krdy sn[ gurU hrikSn swihb dy joqI-joq smwaux mgroN Ajy kw&I sMgqW nMU pqw nhINN sI ik nOvyN gurU qyZ bhwdr ik`Qy hn[ ienHW is`KW ivc BweI m`Kx Swh lubwxw vI sI[ jdoN aus nMU pqw ik gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb kIrqpur ivc nhIN blik bkwlw ivc hn qW auh lBdw-lBdw bkwly pu`jw[ bkwly pu`jx ‟qy aus nMU A`goN DIr m`l dw iek dlwl iml ipAw[ auh aus nMU gurU swihb nUM imlwaux dw JUT bol ky DIr ml dy fyry qy lY igAw[ m`Kx Swh hr swl iek sO muhrW gurU drbwr ivc Byt kirAw krdw sI[ DIr m`l nMU vyKidAW hI m`Kx swh nUM S`k pY igAw ik ieh gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nhIN ho skdw[ ies kr ky aus ny DIr m`l nMU isr& pMj muhrW Byt kIqIAW[ pr jd DIr m`l ny auh pMj muhrW cup kr ky boJy ivc pw leIAW qW BweI m`Kx Swh ny pu`iCAw ik kI qusIN hI gurU qyZ bhwdr ho? ieh sux ky DIr m`l dw iek cylw boilAw ik “ieh gurU DIr m`l jI hn[” ieh sux ky m`Kx Swh iek dm au~QoN Aw igAw[ ies mgroN aus ny gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nUM vI l`B ilAw qy Awpxy swQIAW nUM s`dx vwsqy au~cI-au`~cI bolxw SurU kr idqw „gurU lwDo ry‟[ hux swry lok DIr m`l Aqy hornW dMBIAW nMU C`f ky gurU swihb vl Awauxy SurU ho gey[ aus idn qoN kuJ is`K nON AkqUbr dw idn hr swl „gurU lwDo ry‟ idn vjoN mnwauNdy hn[ hwlW ik gurU swihb guAwcy jW luky hoey nhIN sn, pr m`Kx Swh nUM aunHW dw pqw nhIN sI qy DIr m`l dy cyly swry is`KW nUM Zlq ds ky aus kol lY AwauNdy sn[ dUjw BweI m`Kx Swh ny gurU jI nUM prgt nhIN kIqw sI blik aus ny aunHW dw invws l`iBAw sI[

kuJ lyKkW ny ies Gtnw ivcoN m`Kx Swh dw byVw fu`bx vyly gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb vlyN Awpxw moFw lw ky jhwz fu`bxoN bcwaux dI krwmwq dI khwxI GV leI sI[ is`K Drm AKOqI krwmwq dy &ls&y nUM mUloN hI r`d krdw hY[ ieM\ hI iek sO muhr jW Gt-vD gurU dI ByNt krnw isr& m`Kx Swh hI nhINN blik hor vI bhuq swry isK prvwr kirAw krdy sn[ m`Kx Swh lubwxw vloN iek sO muhrW Byt krn sbMDI „B`t vhI qMUmr ibMjlauNqo kI‟ ivc ieMv izkr imldw hY (eyQy vI BweI m`Kx Swh dw byVw fu`bx, AKOqI suKnw suKx jW gurU jI nUM „l`Bx‟ dw koeI izkr nhIN hY):

“m`Kx Swh bytw dwsy kw poqw ArQy kw pVpoqw ibMny kw bMs bhoVU kI[ lwl cMd m~Kx Swh kw, cMdU lwl m~Kx Swh kw, kuSwl cMd m`Kx Swh kw, solzeI iesqrI m`Kx Swh kI, goqr pylIAw bnjwrw, bwsI motw tWfw, prgxw muz&rwbwd, kSmIr, swl sqrW sY iekIs dIvwlI „qy SnIvwr dy idMh bkwly ngr AwieAw[ guru qyZ bhwdr mhl nwmyN ky drbwr myN iek sO mohryN ByNt kI[ gYl DUMmw bytw nwiek kwnHy ibMjlauNq kw AwieAw[”

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb muV kIrqpur gey

bwbw gurid`qw dI pqnI, gurU hir rwie swihb jI dI mwqw, gurU hrikSn jI dI dwdI qy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI BrjweI, mwqw bsI 29 sqMbr 1664 dy idn kIrqpur ivc cVHweI kr geI sI[ aus sbMD ivc r`Ky pwT dI Ardwis cOdW AkqUbr nMU hoxI sI[ ieqlwh imlidAW hI gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb, BweI m`Kx Swh lubwxw, dIvwn drgh m`l Aqy kuJ hor drbwrI is`K dIvwlI qoN Agly idn c`l ky ies Ardws ivc Swiml hox vwsqy bwrHW AkqUbr 1664 dy idn kIrqpur pu`jy qy iqMn idn au~Qy rhy[

mwJy ivc Drm pRcwr dw dOrw

kIrqpur dI PyrI mgroN gurU swihb vwips bkwlw Aw gey[ kuJ idn ie`Qy rihx mgroN Awp mwJw qy mwlvw ivc Drm prcwr dy dOry ‟qy cl pey[ Awp sB qoN pihlW 22 nvMbr 1664 dy idn gurU dw c`k (AMimRqsr) gey[ gurU dw c`k ivc hir jI (puqr imhrbwn) Aqy aus dy pu`qrW ny Awp jI nMU „jI AwieAW‟ AwiKAw[ gurU swihb ny drbwr swihb dy m`uK gyt ‟qy, Akwl qKq swihb dy nyVy, iek it`by ‟qy dIvwn sjwieAw (ies QW hux gurduAwrw QVHw swihb bixAw hoieAw hY)[ ies sbMDI iek ieMdrwj B`t vhIAW ivc ieM\ imldw hY:

gurU qyZ bhwdr jI mhl nwmW bytw gurU hirgoibMd jI kw poqw gurU Arjn jI kw, swl sqrW sY iekIs mGsr kI pUrinmw ky idhuM gurU ky c`k mlhwn prgnw Ajnwlw Awey[ swQ dvwrkw dws bytw ArjwnI swihb B`lw kw, dIvwn drGw ml bytw dvwrkw dws iCbr kw, mKx Swh bytw dwsy kw pylIAw bxjwrw hor is`K PkIr Awey[ gurU jI ny drbwr ky Awgy iek aucy cbUqry qy Awsn lwieAw[ siqgurU kw ngrI Awnw sux hir jI bytw mnohr jI kw poqw ipRQI cMd jI kw bMs gurU rwmdws jI mhl cOQy kI sMgq ko gYl lY drSn pwxy Awey[ (B`t vhI qUmr ibMjlauNqoN kI)[

Awp iek rwq ieQy rihx mgroN v`lw ipMf vl cly gey[ mgroN iksy lyKk ny ieh khwxI GV leI ik gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb gurU dw c`k Awey qW DIrmlIAW ny drvwzy bMd kr ley[ ieh g`l shI nhINN hY ikauNik aus vyly gurU dw c`k dI syvw sMBwl DIr m`l kol nhIN sI blik ipRQI cMd (mIxw) dy poqy hir jI kol sI[ ieh lyKk DIr m`l dI bkwlw ivc kIqI swizS nMU gurU dw c`k (AMimRqsr) ivc vI Swiml kr dyNdy hn[ dUjw, drvwzy bMd krnw vI shI nhIN hY[ audoN drbwr swihb ivc ikqy koeI drvwzw nhIN sI[ hor qW hor drbwr swihb dI prkrmw vI bhuq bwAd ivc (1830 qoN mgroN) bxI sI[ qIjw, ieh lyKk gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb vloN gurU dw c`k dy lokW nMU „AMbrsrIey AMdrsVIey‟ dw srwp dyx dw izkr krdy hn[ idlcsp g`l ieh hY ik gurU swihb dy vyly qW kI ies qoN iek sO swl mgroN vI gurU dw c`k dw nW AMimRqsr nhINN sI bixAw[ cOQw, gurU swihb srwp vI nhINN sn dy skdy[

ieh vI idlcsp hY ik ieho ijhw prcwr krn vwly lyKkW muqwibk ik “jd v`ly dIAW bIbIAW nUM pqw lgw ik guru qyZ bhwdr swihb nUM drbwr swihb ivc vVn nhIN idqw igAw qW ieh bIbIAW gurU dw c`k AweIAW Aqy aunHW ny drbwr swihb ‟qy kwbz toly nUM lwAnqW pweIAW[ ies mgroN aunHW ny guru swihb nUM drbwr ivc dw^l hox idqw igAw[” vwry vwry jweIey Aijhy qvwrI^ lyKkW Aqy ijEgrw&Iey dy mwihrW qoN[ v`lw ipMf guru dw c`k (AMimRqsr) qoN nON iklomItr dUr hY qy 1664 ivc gurU jI dw au~Qy jwxw, mweIAW nUM hwl dsxw (jW pqw lgxw), mweIAW dw gurU dw c`k jwxw qy iPr gurU swihb dw muV au~Qy jwxw qy hirmMdr ivc m`Qw tykxw; ieh swrw kuJ AjIb qvwrI^ lyKk ieko idn ivc krvw dyNdy hn[ Swied bIbIAW nUM mobweIl ‟qy ^br imlI hovy qy aunHW kol hYlIkwptr vI hovy? ieho ijhy gpOVy-hYlIkwptr mhWBwrq qy rwmwiex nwvlW ivc vI d`sy hoey hn[ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik ieh khwxI iksy Aijhy lyKk ny GVI hovygI ijs nMU AMimRqsr dy lokW ny iezq nhIN sI b^SI[

gurU dw c`k qoN mgroN Awp ipMf v`lw, Gu`kyvwlI (gurU dw bwg), ipMf in`Jrvwlw (in`JrW vwlw), qrn qwrn qy KfUr swihb hMudy hoey s`q dsMbr dy idn goieMdvwl pu`jy[ Awp ny goieMdvwl ivc keI idn dIvwn sjwey[ bhuq swrIAW is`K sMgqW gurU swihb dy drSnW nMU AweIAW[ ies mOky qy ipMf Kymkrn qoN BweI rGUpiq rwie inJr-kMboj vI pu`jw hoieAw sI[ aus ny gurU swihb nMU Awpxy Gr iljwx dI ^wihS zwihr kIqI[ gurU swihb aus dI cwh pUrI krn vwsqy Kymkrn jwxw mMn gey[ Awp jnvrI 1665 dy pihly pMdrW idn Kymkrn ivc rhy Aqy hr roz sYNkVy sMgqW Awp dy drSn vwsqy AwauNdIAW rhIAW[ qkrIbn do mhIny mwJy ivc Drm prcwr krn mgroN gurU swihb ipMf cohlw, mKU Aqy hrIky p`qx hMudy hoey zIrw pujy[ zIrw qy mogw ivc sMgqW nMU drSn dyx mgroN, Awp PrvrI 1665 ivc jMgl dys dy ipMf, frolI (hux frolI BweI) gey[ Awp ies ipMf ivc vI keI idn rhy Aqy mwrc dy A`D q`k qkrIbn do mhIny gurU swihb ny ies ielwky ivc Drm prcwr kIqw[

qlvMfI swbo ivc srovr iqAwr krvwauxw

kuJ idn frolI ivc rihx mgroN gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb qlvMfI swbo gey[ eyQy BweI f`lw dy ipqw qy hor is`KW ny gurU jI nMU qih idloN jI AwieAW AwiKAw[ ies ielwky ivc pIx vwly pwxI dI bVI kmI sI[ gurU swihb ny sMgqW dy imlvrqx nwl 28 mwrc 1665 nMU t`k lw ky ieQy iek srovr bxwauxw SurU kIqw[ ieh srovr 7 AprYl 1665 dy idn bx ky iqAwr ho igAw[ vwihgurU dI imhr nwl kuJ idn mgroN byihswb bwirS hoeI, ijs nwl ieh srovr pwxI nwl vI Br igAw[ ies mgroN gurU swihb mwlvy dy kuJ hor ipMfW ivcoN hMudy hoey Dmqwn (izlHw jINd) vl cly gey[

Dmqwn ivc hY~f-kuAwrtrz bxwaux dw PYslw

qlvMfI swboN qoN cl ky mwlvy dy vK-vK ielwikAW ivc Drm prcwr krdy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb AprYl 1665 dy AKIr ivc Dmqwn (hux izlw jINd, hirAwxw) pujy[ Dmqwn ivc BweI d`go is`K pMQ dw msMd sI[ BweI d`go dw ielwky ivc bVw cMgw rsUK sI[ aus ny ies ielwky ivc bhuq swry lokW nMU is`KI ivc Swiml krvwieAw sI[ 1665 qk Dmqwn aunHW ielwikAW ivcoN iek bx cukw sI ijnHW dy vDyry vwsI is`K pMQ dw ih`sw sn[ jdoN gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb au~Qy pujy qW sYNkVy is`K Awp jI dy drSnW vwsqy Awey[ gurU swihb hr roz dIvwn sjwieAw krdy sn[ kuJ idn Dmqwn rihx mgroN gurU swihb ny kIrqpur jwx dI iqAwrI SurU kr idqI[ jdoN sMgqW nMU pqw l`gw qW aunHW gurU swihb nMU hor rukx vwsqy Arz kIqI[ BweI d`go ny sMgqW vloN gurU swihb nMU ieh vI Arz kIqI ik auh Awpxw drbwr (hY~f-kuAwtrz) bkwlw qoN Dmqwn bdl lYx[ sMgqW ny XkIn idvwieAw ik auh dUr-durwfy qoN Awaux vwlIAW sMgqW dI syvw dy Krc dw bIVw cuk lYxgIAW[ sMgqW v`loN vwr-vwr zor dyx ‟qy gurU swihb mMn gey[ gurU swihb dI hdwieq ‟qy BweI d`go ny AwpxI kuJ zmIn gurU dy mhl, sMgqW dI Drmswlw Aqy iek nvW KUh luAwaux vwsqy Byt kr idqI[ (BweI sMqoK isMG ny „sUrj pRkwS‟ ivc BweI d`go vrgy Bly is`K dy i^lw& Zlq ibAwnI kr ky aus nwl byh`d D`kw kIqw)[

iblwspur dy rwjw dIp cMd dI mOq

meI 1665 dy pihly h&qy gurU dy mhl, Drmswlw Aqy KUh dw t`k lwaux mgroN gurU swihb kIrqpur vl cl pey[ kIrqpur pujidAW hI gurU swihb nMU Kbr imlI ik iblwspur dw rwjw dIp cMd, jo 26 AprYl 1665 dy idn cVHweI kr igAw sI, dI AMqm rsm 12 meI dy idn rKI geI hY[ rwjw dIp cMd dI ivDvw rwxI cMpw ny Awpxw vzIr kIrqpur ByijAw qy gurU swihb nMU rwjw dIp cMd dI Ardws krn vwsqy iblwspur phMucx vwsqy Arz kIqI[ gurU swihb nON meI dI svyr nMU iblwspur cly gey[ kIrqpur qoN Awp dI mwqw nwnkI, mwqw sul`KxI, mwqw hrI, dIvwn drgh m`l, BweI idAwl dws Aqy keI hor is`K Awp dy nwl iblwspur gey[ ies sbMDI B`t vhIAW ivc ieM\ iliKAw imldw hY:

guru qyg bhwdr swihb mhl nwvyN, kIrqpur sy iblwspur Awey, rwjw dIp cMd kI sqwrmIN qy, swl sqrW sY bweIs, jyT privSty pMdrW ko[ swQ dIp cMd, nMd cMd Awey byty sUrj m`l ky, mwqw hrI jI iesqrI sUrj m`l kI, mwqw sulKxI jI iesqrI guru hir rwie mhl sqvyN jI kI, dIvwn drgh m`l iCbr, jyTw, idAwl dws byty mweI dws ky, drIAw bytw mUly kw, jlhwnw, swQ Awey[ (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI, Kwqw jlhwinEN kw[

c`k nwnkI (AnMdpur swihb) dI nINh rKxw

rwjw dIp cMd dI Ardws mgroN jdoN gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny vwips jwx dI iqAwrI SurU kIqI qW rwxI cMpw ny gurU swihb dI mwqw nwnkI nwl g`l kIqI ik mYnMU pqw l`gw hY ik gurU swihb bkwlw dI QW nvW drbwr (hY~f-kuAwrtrz) bWgr dys dy ngr Dmqwn ivc kwiem krnw cwhuMdy hn[ ieh QW iblwspur Aqy kIrqpur qoN bhuq dUr hY[ myrI Arz hY ik gurU swihb swfI irAwsq qoN dUr nw jwx[ jy aunHW nMU kIrqpur ivc QW QoVHI jwpdI hY qW mYN nvW ngr vswaux vwsqy hor QW Bytw kr dyvWgI[ mwqw nwnkI ny rwxI cMpw dI ArzoeI bwry gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU disAw[ gurU swihb ny mwqw jI nMU d`isAw ik Dmqwn dIAW sMgqW ny qW hux qk mihl, Drmswlw qy KUh vI iqAwr kr idqy hoxgy[ mwqw jI ny jd rwxI cMpw dI inMmoJUxqw Aqy vYrwg bwry gurU jI nMU disAw qW gurU jI dy idl ivc ikrpw AweI qy aunHW ny iblwspur irAwsq ivc nvW ipMf vswauxw mnzUr kr ilAw pr Srq r`KI ik auh ies ipMf vwsqy jgh dwn ivc nhIN blik rkm qwr ky mu`l lYxgy[

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny hQOq (ij`Qy kdy hwQIAW dy JuMf iPrdy huMdy sn) dy ielwky ivc, mwKovwl ipMMf dI Qyh dy nyVy, mIAWpur, lOdIpur qy shotw ipMfW dy ivckwrlI QW cuxI Aqy ies dI rkm iblwspur irAwsq nMU qwr idqI[ Ajoky „gurduAwrw gurU dy mhl‟ vwlI QW ‟qy gurU swihb ny 19 jUn 1665 dy idn iek dr^q dw qxw (mohVI) BweI guridqw (poqw bwbw bu`Fw jI) qoN gfvw ky iek nvyN ipMf dI nINh r`KI[ aunHW ies dw nW AwpxI mwqw nwnkI dy nW qy „c`k nwnkI‟ r`iKAw (hux srkwrI kwZzW ivc ies dw nW isr& „c`k‟ vjoN hI imldw hY)[ ies sbMDI B`t vhIAW ivc ieMv izkr imldw hY :

“gurU qyZ bhwdr jI mhl nwmW, swl sqrW sY bweIs, AswF privSty ie`kIs, somvwr ko mwKovwl ky Qyh qy gwm bnwieAw[ nwm c`k nwnkI rwKw[“ (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI)

c`k nwnkI ivc gurU swihb ny sB qoN pihlW Gr Aqy Drmswlw bxvwey[ kuJ icr eyQy rih ky is`KW nMU nvyN ipMf dI syvw sMBwlx mgroN Awp iPr mwlvw dy dory‟qy cl pey[ kIrqpur qoN ropV, bnUV, rwjpurw, sY&wbwd, Fofw, sunwm, CwjlI, lihrwgwgw vZYrw ivcoN hMudy hoey Awp Dmqwn pu`jy[ Awp ie`Qy kw&I idn ibqwauxw cwhMudy sI qW jo BweI d`go Aqy bWgr dys dIAW sMgqW nMMU c`k nwnkI ipMf vswaux Aqy rwxI cMpw dI mjbUrI bwry Aqy ih&wzq p`KoN iek phwVI if&YNs sYNtr dI loV bwry jwxkwrI dy ky, Dmqwn vwsw nw kr skx dI mjbUrI ds skx[ sMgqW ies nvIN ^br ‟qy bhuq audws ho geIAW[ pr aunHW nMU qs`lI dyx vwsqy gurU swihb ny keI idn Dmqwn guzwry[ 28 AkqUbr 1665 (ihMdUAW dy dIvwlI dy iqauhwr) qk Awp eyQy rhy[ hux jd gurU swihb ny c`k nwnkI jwx dI iqAwrI SurU kIqI qW sMgqW ny zor pw ky Awp nMU k`qk dI pUrnmwSI nUM, gurU nwnk swihb dy jnm idn (jo aus swl 12 nvMbr 1665 nUM sI), a~uQy mnwaux vwsqy rok ilAw[

ies qoN sw& pqw lgdw hY ik gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy vyly qk gurU nwnk swihb dy jnm idn, k`qk dI pUrnmwSI, bwry koeI BulyKw nhIN sI qy ies BulyKy dI SurUAwq „jnmswKI imhrbwn dy ilKwrI ipRQIcMd mIxy dy pu`qr imhrbwn ny hI kIqI sI[

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI igR&qwrI
Dmqwn rihMidAW iek idn gurU swihb nyVy dy jMgl ivc iSkwr Kyfx gey[ ies smyN Awp dy nwl BweI d`go Aqy hor bhuq swry is`K vI sn[ jMgl ivc Awp jI nMU ies ielwky dy &Ojdwr Awlm Kwn ruhylw ny SwhI hukm hyT igR&qwr kr ilAw[ AOrMgzyb dw hukm sI ik muslmwnW qoN ielwvw koeI vI nw qW hiQAwr rK skdw sI qy nw iSkwr kr skdw sI[ Awlm ^wn Awp nMU igR&qwr kr ky idlI lY igAw Aqy 8 nvMbr 1665 dy idn AOrMgzyb kol pyS kIqw[ ies sbMDI B`t vhIAW ivc vI izkr imldw hY:

“gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb jI mhl nwmW ko gwm Dmqwn prgnw bWgr sy Awlm

Kwn ruhylw SwhI hukm gYl idhlI ko lY ky AwieAw[ swl sqrW sY bweIs kwrqk mwsy Sukl pKy igAwrs ko[ swQ dIvwn mqI dws sqI dws Awey byey hIrw nMd iCbr ky guAwl dws AwieAw bytw Cuty m`l iC`br kw gurdws AwieAw bytw kIrq bVHqIey kw sMgqw AwieAw bytw ibMny au`pl kw[ jyTw idAwl dws Awey byty mweI dws jlhwny blauNq ky[ hor is`K PkIr PVy Awey[”

“gurU qyZ bhwdr jI mhl nwmw ko bwdSwh AOrMgzyb ny kMvr rwm isMh kCvwhw bytw rwjw jY isMh imrzw kI imsl myN nzrbMd kIXw jwny kw hukm dIXw[ do mws qIn idn gurU jI bMd rhy[ sMmq sqrW sY bweIs ikRsnw pKy pos mwK kI eykm ko mukq huey[” (auprlIAW dovyN AYNtrIAW B`t vhI jwdobMsIAW kI, Kwqw bVqIEN kw ivcoN hn)[

AOrMgzyb ny gruU swihb qoN hiQAwr r`Kx Aqy iSkwr Kyfx dI jvwb-qlbI krn dy nwl-nwl ieslwm Aqy is`K Drm bwry vI crcw kIqw[ aus ny gurU swihb nMUU ikhw ik jy auh hiQAwrbMd rihxw cwhMudy hn qW auh muslmwn ho jwx[ gurU swihb vloN muslmwn bxnoN nWh krn ‟qy AorMgzyb ny gurU swihb Aqy is`KW nMU ShId krn dw hukm jwrI kr idqw[ ies smyN rwjw jY isMh imrzw dw puqr kMvr rwm isMh imrzw vI drbwr ivc hwizr sI[ aus ny AOrMgzyb nMU Aijhw krnoN vrijAw[ kuJ icr soc ky AOrMgzyb ny gurU swihb Aqy is`KW nMU rwm isMh imrzw dI imsl (ihrwsq) ivc Byj idqw[ mgroN kMvr rwm isMh ny AwpxI mrzI nwl gurU swihb nMU 31 dsMbr 1665 dy idn irhw kr id`qw[

pUrb dys dw dUjw dOrw

31 dsMbr dy idn irhweI mgroN gurU swihb iqMn idn rwjw rwm isMh imrzw dy Gr ivc rhy[ 3 jnvrI 1666 dy idn gurU swihb Awgrw vl cl peyy[ Awgrw, pRXwg (hux Alwhwbwd) Aqy kwSI (vwrwnsI) ivc keI h&qy ibqwaux mgroN gurU swihb gXw vl gey qy Drm prcwr krdy-krdy AKIr ptnw puj gey, ij`Qy aunHW keI mhIny invws riKAw[id`lI qoN cl ky Awp pihlW hrduAwr ivc ruky[ ies smyN dOrwn, 21 ApRYl 1666 dy idn Awp hrduAwr ivc sn[ (1665-66 ivc, ies swry smyN dOrwn, mwqw gujrI ptnw ivc sn ies kr ky gurU goibMd isMG jI dw jnm 22 dsMbr 1666 ivc hrigz nhIN ho skdw)[ ie`QoN Awp Awswm, bMgwl Aqy ibhwr dy keI ih`isAW ivc jw ky Drm prcwr krdy rhy[

auDr AOrMgzyb ny 27 dsMbr 1667 dy idn imrzw rwm isMh nMU &Oj dy ky Aswm dy rwjy dI bgwvq nMU dbwaux vwsqy qoirAw[ AOrMgzyb keI kwrnW kr ky kMvr rwm isMh nwl ^&w sI qy aus nMU szw dyxI cwhMudw sI[ ienHW kwrnW ivc iSvjI mrh`tw dI rwm isMh dI spurdgI ivcoN &rwrI Aqy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI irhweI vI Swiml sI[ rwm isMh ny gurU swihb nUM irhw krn vyly AOrMgzyb dI mnzUrI nhIN sI leI[ ies kr ky AOrMgzyb ny rwm isMh nMU ieh soc ky Aswm dI ^qrnwk muihMm qy ByijAw ik jy auh au~Qy mwirAw igAw qW aus nMU szw iml jwvygI qy jy auh Aswm dy rwjy nMU ijq AwieAw qW rwm isMh dI szw dI muAw&I vI ho jwvygI Aqy mugl slqnq dI hkUmq dw Aswm ivc vI bolbwlw kwiem ho jwvygw[ rwm isMh AMdroN-AMdrIN Aswm jwxoN fr irhw sI pr aus dI mW puSpw rwxI ny aus nMU qs`lI idqI qy ikhw ik „gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ptnw ivc hn, qMU aunHW dI mdd lY leIN, qyrw kuJ nhIN ivgVygw[‟

Aswm dy rwjy Aqy rwm isMh ivc smJOqw

Aswm dw rwjw ckrDvj isMh bVw infr qy jMgjU sI[ aus ny kdy vI AOrMgzyb dI eIn nhIN mMnI sI[ aus dy vfy-vfyry vI muglW nwl t`kr lYx qoN nhIN frdy sn[ ieh jwxdy hoey AOrMgzyb ny ies vwr ies ihMdU-rwjpUq jrnYl nMU Aswm ByijAw sI[ rwm isMh qy ckrDvj isMh ivckwr keI lVweIAW hoeIAW ijs ivc dohW iDrW dw bVw nukswn hoieAw[ A^Ir koeI nqIjw nw inkldw vyK ky rwm isMh ptnw igAw Aqy jnvrI 1668 ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU imilAw[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb aus vkq qk pUrb ivc dUjw dOrw kr cuky sn[ rwjw ckrDvj isMh vI gurU swihb dw kdrdwn sI[ gurU swihb ny rwjw ckrDvj isMh Aqy rwm isMh nMU ibTw ky smJOqw krvw idqw[ ies smJOqy nwl dohW iDrW dI iezq vI bc geI Aqy hzwrW jwnW vI bc geIAW[ ies qoN KuS ho ky rwm isMh dy rwjpUq Aqy muZl &OjIAW ny, DubVI ivc, gurU nwnk swihb dI PyrI dI Xwd ivc iek mMjI swihb (Xwdgwr) auswirAw[ ies Xwdgwr vwsqy ienHW &OjIAW ny AwpxIAW FwlW ivc im`tI Br-Br ky iek v`fw QVHw bxwieAw[ ieh Gtnw &rvrI 1669 dI hY[ hux aus QVHy vwly mMjI swihb vwlI QW ‟qy DubVI swihb gurduAwrw auswirAw hoieAw hY[iesy dOry dOrwn Awp ny iqrpurw qy jYNqIAw dy rwjy nUM vI is“KI ivc Swiml kIqw[

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI dUjI igR&qwrI

1670 dI mwrc ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ptnw qoN vwips pMjwb vl cl pey[ aunHW ny mwqw gujrI Aqy swFy A`T swl dy swihbzwdw goibMd dws, ikrpwl (aunHW dw swlw) Aqy caupiq rwie nMU kuJ is`KW nwl vKirAW is`Dw lKnOr (mwqw gujrI dy pyky ipMf) vl Byj idqw Aqy Awp jYNqIAw phwVIAW coN huMdy hoey islht pu`jy[ aunHIN idnIN hI brswqW SurU ho geIAW[ Agly keI h&qy grU swihb islht ivc rhy[ brswqW Gtx mgroN Awp ictwgWg qy SYrqwgMj gey[ ie`QoN Awp nUM jYNqIAW qy iqRpurw dw rwjw rwm isMh AwpxI rwjDwnI Agrqlw lY igAw[ kuJ icr au~Qy rihx mhroN Awp iPr ictwgWg Aw gey qy eyQoN noAwKlI, cWdpur, nrYxgMj qy Fwkw gey[ ies mgroN Awp kUc ibhwr, cMdr Bwgw, ikSn gMj, pUrnIAw, boNgy gwEN, islIguVI, kithwr qy swsrwm huMdy kwSI pu`jy[

kuJ idn kwSI rihx mgroN Awp pRXwg, imrzwpur qy Awgrw ho ky id`lI vwsqy cl pey[ gurU swihb jdoN Awgry pu`jy qW ie`Qy Awp nMU igR&qwr kr ilAw igAw qy id`lI iljwieAw igAw[ idlI ivc jd puSpw rwxI nMU pqw lgw qW aus ny muZl &Ojdwr nMU gurU swihb irhw krn vwsqy ikhw[ jdoN &Ojdwr nMU pqw lgw ik Aswm dw mslw h`l krvwaux vwly gurU swihb hI sn qW aus ny muAw&I mMgI Aqy gurU swihb nMU irhw kr idqw[ ieh g`l sqMbr 1670 dI hY[ ies mgroN gurU swihb pMjwb v`l cl pey[ gurU swihb qrwvVI, kurUkSyqr, iphovw, Dmqwn, sY&wbwd, lihl, lMg, mUlovwl, syKw, TIkrIvwlw, m`lHw, krqwrpur (jlMDr) huMdy hoey bkwlw pu`jy[ auDr mwqw gujrI Aqy swihbzwdw goibMd dws vI kuJ idn lKnOr rihx mgroN bkwlw puj gey[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb 1670 dy A^Ir qoN mwrc 1672 qk bkwlw ivc rhy[

c`k nwnkI ivc

qkrIbn fyF swl bkwlw rihx mgroN gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny nvyN ngr „ck nwnkI‟ jwx dw PYslw kr ilAw[ iblwspur dI mhwrwxI cMpw ny gurU swihb nMU keI vwr pYZwm ByijAw sI[ gurU swihb Awp vI iblwspur jwxw cwhuMdy sn[ auDr swihbzwdw goibMd dws vI AwpxI dwdI dy nW ‟qy visAw ipMf vyKx dw cwhvwn sI[ A^Ir mwrc 1672 dy Aw^rI h&qy gurU swihb ny „c`k nwnkI‟ jwx dI iqAwrI kr leI[ Awp mwrc 1673 dy AKIr ivc „c`k nwnkI‟ pujy[ 28 mwrc 1673 dy idn ibkrmI sMmq dy ivswK mhIny dI pihlI qwrIK sI[ hr swl dI qrHW hI ies vwr vI hzwrW dI igxqI ivc is`K sMgqW „c`k nwnkI‟ AweIAW[ hux c`k nwnkI is`K pMQ dw nvW sYNtr bx igAw sI[

grU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny swihbjwdw goibMd dws nMU hiQAwrbMd tryinMg dyx vwsqy BweI bjr isMG dI ifaUUtI lweI[ dIvwn drgh m`l qy BweI mnI isMG ny aunHW nMU pihlW hI ividAw dw coKw BMfwr dy idqw hoieAw sI[ gurU swihb ny 12 meI 1673 dy idn goibMd dws dI mMgxI lwhOr dy BweI hrjs suiB`KI dI bytI bIbI jIqW nwl kr idqI[ ienIN idnI hI BweI Awlm cMd (n`cxw) vI gurU drbwr ivc Swiml ho igAw[ Agly iqMn swlW ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb auQy hI rhy[

kSmIrI bRwhmxW dw c`k nwnkI Awauxw

hr roz iksy nw iksy ielwky iv`coN sMgqW „c`k nwnkI‟ AwauNdIAW rihMdIAW sn[ ienHW j`iQAW ivc 25 meI 1675 dy idn 16 kSmIrI bRwhmxW dw iek j`Qw vI c`k nwnkI AwieAw[ auh iek mohqbr is`K AwgU BweI ikrpw rwm d`q nMU vI Awpxy nwl lY ky Awey sn[ BweI ikrpw rwm kSmIr ivc is`K Drm dy sB qoN v`fy pRcwrkW ivcoN iek sn[ kSmIrI bRwhmx ies is`K AwgU dI bWh PV ky c`k nwnkI Awey Aqy q^q dmdmw swihb (hux dmdmw swihb, QVHw swihb qy Borw swihb gurduAwrw „gurU dy mhl‟ vwly kMplYks dw ih`sw hn) qy gurU swihb dy drbwr ivc Aw &irAwdI hoey[ kSmIrI bRwhmxW ny gurU swihb nMU d`isAw ik AsIN kydwr nwQ, bdrI nwQ, purI, duAwrkw, kWcI, mQrw qy hor swry ihMdU sYNtrW qoN ho Awey hW[ pr iksy ny vI swfI bWh nhIN PVI[ AsIN kSmIr dy nvyN muslmwn gvrnr ie&iq^wr ^wn dy zulm qoN qMg Aw cuky hW[ auh hr roz sYNkVy bRwhmxW nMU jbrI muslmwn bxw irhw hY[ AsIN AOrMgzyb dy ihMdU-rwjpUq vzIrW qk vI phuMc kIqI hY[ aunHW ny vI AwpxI byvsI zwihr kIqI hY[ swnMU koeI vI bhuVI nhIN hoieAw[ hux swfI Aw^rI Aws isr& gurU nwnk swihb dw dr hI hY[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny bRwhmxW dI inMmoJUxqw vyK ky aunHW nMU ikhw: “gurU nwnk swihb dy dr qoN kdy vI koeI KwlI nhIN jWdw[ vwihgurU quhwfI mdd krngy[ jwE, sUbydwr nMU AwK idau ik jy auh (gurU) qyZ bhwdr nMU muslmwn bxw lvy qW swry kSmIrI bRwhmx muslmwn bx jwxgy[”

gurU sihb dI g`l sux ky bRwhmxW dI jwn ivc jwn AweI[ auh bybs, byAws, byidl, byjwn Awey sn, pr bVy skUn, auNmId, hOsly qy cVHdI klw ivc c`k nwnkI qoN kSmIr nMU muVy[ aunHW dy jwx mgroN goibMd dws ny gurU swihb nMU sMjIdw vyK dy puiCAw ik ies msly vwsqy qusIN kI krogy? gurU swihb ny ikhw ik mYN AOrMgzyb nMU imlWgw[ pr mYnMU pqw hY ik auh k`tV suMnI muslmwn hY[ mYnMU ies mksd vwsqy ShIdI dyxI hI pYxI hY[ ies vyly goibMd dws dI aumr isr& 13 swl 4 mhIny 8 idn sI[ kSmIrI bRwhmxW dy c`k nwnkI Awaux dw izkr B`t vhIAW ivc ieM\ imldw hY:

“BweI ikRpw rwm bytw AVU rwm kw, poqw nrYx dws kw, pVpoqw bRhm dws kw, bMs Twkr dws kI, gq goqR muJwl, bRwhmx, vwsI mtn, dys kSmIr, sMbq sqrW sY bqIs, jyT mwsy sudI iekwdSI ky idMh, KoVs bRwhmxoN ko gYl lY, c`k nwnkI, prgxw kihlUr, gurU qyZ bhwdr jI, mhl nWvW ky drbwr Awie PirAwdI hUAw[ gurU jI ny ienHyN DIrj deI, bcn hoAw:„qusW dI riKAw bwbw nwnk krygw‟[” (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI)

kvI kySv B`t ies mOky nMU ieMv ibAwn krdw hY: bWih ijnW dI pkVIey, isr dIjY bWih n CoVIey[ qyZ bhwdr boilAw, Dr peIAY, Drm n CoVIey[

gurU goibMd dws nMMU gurg`dI sONpxw

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny swry pRmuK is`KW nMU hukmnwmy Byj ky c`k nwnkI bulw ilAw[ gurU jI ny aunHW nMU swry msly bwry disAw qy ikhw ik mYN AOrMgzyb nMU jw ky imlWgw[ mYnMU pqw hY ik mYnUM ShIdI dyxI pYxI hY[ myry mgroN gurg`dI dI syvw gurU gooibMd dws sMBwlxgy[ qusIN swirAW ny ienHW dw swQ dyxw hY[ ieh XkInI hY ik ies mgroN zulm nMU rokx vwsqy hiQAwr vI cukxy pYxy hn[ ibnw lgwqwr iqAwrI dy hiQAwrbMd kwrvweI nhIN krnI hY[ ies mgroN Awp ny 8 julweI 1675 dy idn goibMd dws nMU gurg`dI sONpx dI Ardws kIqI[ 11 julweI nMU gurU swihb id`lI jwx vwsqy c`k nwnkI qoN rvwnw ho gey[ aunHW dy nwl BweI mqI dws, sqI dws qy idAwl dws vI sn[ B`t vhI muqwibk:

swvn pRivSty ATvyN ky idhuM gurU goibMd dws jI ko gurgdI dy ky idlI kI qr& jwxy kI iqAwrI kI[ swQ dIvwn mqI dws sqI dws rsoeIAw byty hIrw nMd iCbr ky idAwl dws bytw mweI dws kw jlhwnw blauNq AwieAw[ (B`t vhI qlwauNfw, prgnw jINd)[

ienHW idnW ivc AOrMgzyb id`lI ivc nhIN sI qy hsn Abdwl igAw hoieAw sI[ (AOrMgzyb 7 AprYl 1674 nMU id`lI qoN hsn Abdwl rvwnw hoieAw sI qy 27 mwrc 1676 nMU qkrIbn do swl mgroN vwips AwieAw sI)[ aus nMU kSmIr dy sUbydwr ny d`s idqw sI ik kSmIrI bRwhmx gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU iml Awey sn qy aus (gurU swihb) ny AYlwn kIqw sI ik “jy mugl srkwr mYnUM (gurU jI nMU) muslmwn bxw lvy qW swry kSmIrI bRwhmx Awpxy Awp muslmwn bx jwxgy[” ieh suxidAW AOrMgzyb ny srhMd dy sUbydwr Abdl AzIz idlwvr ^wn nMU hdwieq idqI sI ik gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU igR&qwr kr ky aus kol pyS kIqw jwvy[ AOrMgzyb dw hukm imlidAW hI srhMd dy sUbydwr ny iek &OjI dsqw rUpV (hux ropV) dy Qwxydwr imrzw nUr muhMmd ^wn dI kmwn hyT c`k nwnkI nMU rvwnw kr idqw sI[ ieh dsqw 11 nvMbr nMU c`k nwnkI pujw qW aunHW nMU pqw lgw ik gurU swihb qW id`lI vwsqy rvwnw ho cuky hn[ imrzw nUr muhMmd nhIN sI cwhMudw ik gurU swihb dI igR&qwrI dw eInwm aus dy h`QoN clw jwvy ies kr ky auh gurU jI dI Bwl ivc pu`Ty pYrIN au~QoN vwips muV ipAw[ aus ny kIrqpur Aw ky gurU swihb nMU l`Bx dI koiSS kIqI pr aus nUM pqw lgw ik gurU jI au~QoN vI inkl cuky sn[ hux auh mjbUr ho ky ropV nUM prq igAw[

11 julweI dI rwq gurU swihb ipMf milkpur rMGVW ivc BweI ngwhIAw dy Gr Tihry sn[ Agly idn qVky BweI mqI dws nhwaux vwsqy KUh qoN pwxI Brn igAw qW KUh ivc ifg ipAw[ Soor pYx ‟qy lok iek`Ty ho gey[ hux ipMf dy rMGVW nUM ieh vI pqw lg igAw ik guruU qyZ bhwdr swihb vI milkpur ivc hn[ aunHW ny ropV cONkI ivc ^br Byj ky &Oj mMgvw leI[ jd ropV dy Qwxydwr imrzw nUr muhMmd ^wn nUM ieh ^br imlI qW auh ^uSI ivc n`c auiTAw[ ijs nMU auh igR&qwr krn inkilAw sI, auh aus nMU AKIr l`B hI ipAw sI[ nUr muhMmd ^wn ny gurU jI, BweI mqI dws, sqI dws qy idAwl dws nUM igR&qwr kIqw Aqy ropV lY igAw[ropV qoN aus ny qy srhMd ^br Byj id`qI[ srhMd dy sUbydwr ny gurU swihb nUM srhMd mMgvw ilAw[ aus ny gurU jI nMU b`sI pTwxW dy iklyH ivc kYd kr idqw Aqy AOrMgzyb nMU ies dI ieqlwh hsn Abdwl nUM Byj idqI[

ies igR&qwrI Aqy b`sI pTwxW ivc kYd dw izkr sujwn rwey BMfwrI „Kulwsquq qvwrI^‟ ivc vI krdw hY[ ies sbMDI iek ieMdrwj „B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI Kwqw jlHwny blauNqoN kw‟ ivc vI imldw hY:
gurU qyZ bhwdr mhl nwmW ko nUr muhMmd ^wn imrzw caukI rUpV vwlI ny swl sqrW sY bqIs swvn pRivSty bwrW ky idhuM gwm mlkpur rMGVW prgxw GxOlw sy pkV kr srhMd myN phuMcwieAw[ gYloN dIvwn mqI dws sqI dws byty hIr m`l iCbr blauNq ky pkVy Awey[ cwr mws bsI pTwxW bMdIKwny myN rhy[ duStW gurU jI ko Gxw kSt dIAw[ gurU jI ny Bwxy ko mwnw…

kysr isMG iCbr „bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqswhIAW kw‟ (crx nOvW, bMd 75-77), ivc vI ies dw izkr krdw hY:

ipMf qy rMGV Awey Dwie[ gih lIqy swihb qy sqI dws[ mqI dws BI KUh qy kiFAw mMgwie[…

Byj AwdmI &Oj rUpVoN mMgweI[…

so ipMjrw lohy kw kr ilAwie[ swihb iqs ivc lIqy pwie[

cauQy mhIny swihb id`lI ivc phuqy[ ivc mwrg duK pwie bhuqy[

gurU swihb nMU Brmwaux dI koiSS

jdoN gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb b`sI pTwxW iklyH ivc kYd sn qW AOrMgzyb ny srhMd dy muslmwn, nkSbMdI iPrky dy (SYK Aihmd dy g`dI-nSIn) SY^ sY&-aud-dIn dI ifaUtI lweI ik auh gurU jI nMU ieslwm Drm ivc ilAwaux vwsqy koiSS kry[ sY&-aud-dIn ny b`sI pTwxW iklHy ivc keI vwr Pyrw pwieAw Aqy gurU jI nwl crcw kIqI[ pr auh gurU jI nMU ieslwm dI au~cqw d`sx ivc kwmXwb nw ho sikAw[ AKIr aus ny hiQAwr s`ut idqy qy AOrMgzyb nMU sunyhw Byj idqw ik gurU jI nUM dlIl nwl bdilAw nhIN jw skdw qy Swied qlvwr dy fr nwl hI aunHW nMU muslmwn bxwieAw jw skdw hY[

(ienHW idnW ivc, julweI 1675 ivc, iSvwjI mrh`tw dw pu`qr sMBwjI vI PiVAw igAw sI qy aus ny kuJ idn mgroN hI eIn mMn leI sI[ AOrMgzyb ny aus nUM Cy hzwrI-Cy hzwr dw mnsb, JMfw qy ngwrw b^iSAw sI)[ „mAwisir-ie-AwlmgIrI‟, s&w 124[ pr &rvrI 1676 ivc iSvwjI dy juAweI ny qW kmwl hI kr id`qI sI[ auh muslmwn bx igAw qy aus dw nW muhMmd kulI ^wn r`iKAw igAw sI[ „mAwisir-ie-AwlmgIrI‟, s&w 51)[

SYK dw ^q imlx mgroN AOrMgzyb ny srhMd dy &Ojdwr Abdul AzIz idlwvr ^wn nMU hukm ByijAw ik gurU jI nMU ipMjry ivc pw ky id`lI iljwieAw jwey[ AOrMgzyb aunHIN idnIN id`lI muVn dI iqAwrI kr irhw sI[ pr iksy kwrn aus nUM hsn Abdwl vDyrw smW rukxw ipAw[ ies kr ky aus ny id`lI dy sUbydwr sw&I ^wn nMU

vI hdwieq ilK ByjI ik jy gurU qyZ bhwdr ieslwm kbUl kr lvy qW TIk hY nhIN qW aus nMU SwhI kwzI qoN &qvw idvw ky kql kr idqw jwvy[

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI ShIdI

AOrMgzyb dy hukm qy Pul cVHwauNidAW gurU jI vwsqy id`lI qoN lohy dw iek ipMjrw mMgvwieAw igAw[(ieh EhI ipMjrw sI ijs „c 1716 ivc bMdw isMG bhwdr nUM iljwieAw igAw sI)[ aunHW nMU ipMjry ivc pw ky id`lI iljwieAw igAw[ gurU jI id`lI ivc 3 nvMbr 1675 dy idn pujy Aqy (mOjUdw sIs gMj vwlI jgh) koqvwlI ivc kYd kr idqy gey[ idlI ivc Awp nMU SwhI kwzI Abdul vhwb vhury Agy pyS kIqw igAw[ kwzI ny gurU jI nMU &qvw jwrI kridAW ikhw ik jW krwmwq idKwE jW muslmwn bx jwE jW mrn vwsqy iqAwr ho jwE[ gurU swihb ny kwzI nMU jvwb idqw ik „krwmwq kihr dw nW hY[ krwmwq qW r`b Awp hI hY[ dUjw, hr ienswn nMU Awpxw AkIdw, Awpxw Drm, A^iqAwr krn dw hk hY, Aqy qIjw mOq dI g`l krdw eyN; kI muslmwn bixAW mYnUM mOq nhIN AwvygI? mOq qW vwihgurU dw hukm hY[ hr iek ny iek nw iek idn mrnw hI hY[ vwihgurU ny ijMny swh idqy hn aunHW nMU koeI Gtw jW vDw nhIN skdw[„ kwzI Aqy sUbydwr ies jvwb ‟qy iKJy qW zrUr pr aunHW ny iek idn hor gurU jI dy jvwb dI aufIk kIqI[ gurU jI v`loN nWh imlx mgroN gurU swihb nUUM qsIhy dyx dw dOr SurU ho igAw[ gurU swihb nMU qpdy hoey QMm nwl lwieAw igAw[ aunHW dy ijsm ‟qy bldI ryq pweI geI[ Agly Cy idn aunHW dw ijsm brI qrW inFwl ho igAw[ pr ieh zulm vI gurU swihb nMU bdl nw sikAw[

11 nvMbr 1675 dy idn gurU swihb dIAW A`KW dy swhmxy BweI idAwl dws nMU iek v`fI dyZ ivc pwxI ivc ibTw ky dyZ dw mMUh bMnH ky B`TI qy r~K id`qw igAw[ BweI idAwl dws dI dyh aubldy pwxI ivc &nwh ho geI[ ies mgroN BweI mqI dws nMU do lkVW dy iSkMjy ivc bMnH ky cIr idqw igAw qy BweI sqI dws nMU rMU ivc bMn ky ijaUNdy swV idqw igAw[ dihlw dyx vwly ies zulm dy bwvjUd gurU swihb Afol rhy Aqy vwihgurU dw ismrn krdy rhy[ A^Ir Swm vyly kwzI dy Aw^rI Pqvy mgroN, j`lwd jlwl-aud-dIn (smwxy vwly) ny gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nMU vI qlvwr dy ie`ko vwr nwl ShId kr idqw[

ies smyN AOrMgzyb dw ieh vI hukm sI ik gurU swihb dI dyh dy cwr tukVy kr ky Sihr dy cwry pwsy ltkw idqy jwx pr hnyrw pY cukw hox kr ky aus dy ies hukm ‟qy Aml nw ho sikAw[ auDr BweI jYqw, BweI nwnU rwm, BweI qulsI qy BweI aUdw ny gurU swihb dw sIs cuk ky ilAwaux dI qrkIb bxweI[ BweI jYqw AwpxI tokrI isr ‟qy cuk ky lY igAw Aqy rwq dy hnyry ivc gurU swihb dw sIs cuk ilAwieAw ijs nUM mgroN BweI jYqw, aUdw qy nwnU rwm c~k nwnkI lY gey[ auh id`lI qoN cl ky bwGpq pu`jy qy ie`QoN jmnw dirAw pwr kr ky krnwl, AMbwlw qy nwBw (hux nwBw swihb, cMfIgVH-pitAwlw rof ‟qy) ivc pVwA krdy hoey 16 nvbMr nUM kIrqpur qy iPr AnMdpur pu`jy qy Agly idn sIs dw sskwr gurduAwrw sIs gMj (AnMdpur swihb) vwlI QW ‟qy kr idqw[

dUjy pwsy (BweI mnI isMG dy shurw) BweI l~KI rwey vxjwrw ny, Awpxy puqrW BweI ingwhIAw, hymw qy hwVI dI mdd nwl, gurU swihb dw DV cuk ilAWdw Aqy Awpxy Gr dy AMdr, Awpxy Gr dy iek ih`sy nUM A`g lw ky (gurduAwrw rkwb gMj vwlI QW ‟qy) hI DV dw sskwr kr idqw[ gurU swihb dy sIs Aqy DV dy sskwr bwry B~t vhIAW „c ieh do ieMdrwj imldy hn:

“jYqw bytw AwigAw kw, nwnU bytw bwGy kw, aUdw bytw Kymy kw, gurU kw sIs pwie kIrqpur prgnw kihlUr Awey[ swl sqwrW sY b~qIs, mMghr sudI dsmI ky idhuM[ igAwrs ko dwg kIAw mwKoAwl myN[ Awgy gurU kI giq gurU jwny[ gurU Awp Bwxy kw KwibMd hY”[ (B~t vhI mulqwnI isMDI, Kwqw audwinEN kw)

“lKIAw bytw goDU kw, ngwhIAw-hymw-hwVI byty lKIey ky, jwdo bMsIey, bVqIey knwauNq, nwiek DUMmw bytw kwnyH kw, qUMmr ibMjlauNq, gurU qyZ bhwdr jI mhl nWvW kI lwS auTwey lwey, swl sqrW sY b~qIs, mMghr sudI C~t, gurUvwr ky idhuM[ dwZ kIAw rsInw gwm myN AwD GrI rYn rhI”[ (B~t vhI jwdobMsIAW kI, Kwqw bVqIey knwauNqoN kw)

gurU swihb vyly Asl id`lI dw nW Swhjhwnwbwd sI ijs ivc lwl iklHw, slImgVH iklw, cWdnI cOk, &qihpurI, jwmw msijd, drIbw klW, dirAw gMj, kSmIrI gyt vZYrw dw ielwkw Swiml sI[ id`lI dy cWdnI cOk, knwt plys, pwrlImYNt hwaUs Aqy „rwStrpqI Bvn‟ vZYrw gurU hrikSn swihb qy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy pYrW dI DUV nwl qvwrI^I bxy hoey hn[ knwt plys dw ielwkw rwjw jY isMh imrzw dI jwiedwd sI Aqy pwrlImYNt hwaUs Aqy „rwStrpqI Bvn‟ vZYrw (Xwin rweysInw ipMf) BweI l`KI rwey vxjwrw dI jwiedwd sI[ „rweysInw‟ ipMf BweI l`KI rwey dy iek v`fy-vfyry BweI rwey sInw ny bMinHAw sI[ id`lI dy Aihswn &rwmoS hwkmW ny „l`KI rwey‟ dI Xwd ivc iek cOk dw nW vI nhIN r`iKAw[ (BweI l`KI rwey nUM mwx dyx vwsqy is`K AwgUAW ny gurduAwrw rkwb gMj dy dIvwn hwl dw nW BweI l`KI rwey dy nW ‟qy r`iKAw hY)[

AOrMgzyb dI pwlsI

Awpxy Awp nUM „AwlmgIr‟ AKvwaux vwlw, Awpxy BrwvW nUM kql krvwaux Aqy bwp nUM kYd ivc r~K ky mwrn vwlw AOrMgzyb izhnI bImwr (pervert) sI[ aus dI sMgIq nwl n&rq, snkI qbIAq, idKwvy dI SrA Aqy Dwrimk k~tVqw qoN jwpdw hY ik auh izhnI qOr ‟qy kw&I h`d qk bImwr sI[ dMB, idKwvw, n&rq, gu~sw, Aihswn-&rwmoSI, vwAdy qoN mukrnw, zulm krnw, jzbwqI qy snkI &Ysly krnw vI aus dI ies izhnI bImwrI dI pYdwvwr sn[ ZYr-muslmwnW nwl n&rq dw aus nUM SYdwA sI[ aus ny ihMdUAW dy sYNkVy mMdr, ijnHW ivc (audoN dy) l~KW rupY ^rc ky bxwey v~fy v~fy mMdr vI Swiml sn, Fwh idqy sn[ ienHW ivc mQrw dy kySvrwE mMdr (1666 ivc), bnwrs dw ivSvnwQ mMdr (1669 ivc), mQrw dw gopInwQ mMdr (1669 ivc), aujYn, knOj, Ajmyr qy bMgwl dy keI mMdr vI Swiml sn[ AOrMgzyb ny qW 1659 ivc hkUmq sMBwlidAW hI hukm jwrI kr idqy sn ik ihMdUAW nMU koeI nvW mMdr bxwaux dI iejwzq nhIN hovygI[ ies hukm muqwibk pihlW bxy mMdr kwiem rihx dI iejwzq sI[ pr g`dI sMBwlx qoN 6 swl mgroN aus ny Awpxw hukm bdl idqw qy swry purwxy v`fy mMdr Fwhux dy hukm jwrI kr idqy[ hYrwnI dI g`l qW ieh hY ik ijnHW SihrW ivc mMdr Fwhy gey, aunHW ivcoN bhuiqAW dy sUbydwr jW &Ojdwr jW koqvwl ihMdU rwjpUq sn[

jnvrI 1679 ivc aus ny audYpur dw mMdr FwihAw; hwlWik audYpur iek ihMdU-rwjpUq irAwsq sI[ 8 mwrc nUM KMfylw, swnymylw qy Awly-duAwly dy mMdr Aqy 25 meI 1679 nUM joDpur dy mMdr Fwh id`qy qy ies dIAW mUrqIAW qoV ky jwmw msijd dIAW pOVIAW hyTW pYrW hyT ilqwVn vwsqy rK id`qIAW[ joDpur vI iek v`fI ihMdU-rwjpUq irAwsq sI[ pihlW jnvrI 1670 ivc mQrw ivc nr isMh buMdylw dw bxwieAw iek bVw v`fw mMdr vI Fwh id`qw sI qy mQrw dw nW bdl ky „ieslwmwbwd‟ r`K id`qw sI[ ies vyly mQrw dw &Ojdwr ihMdU rwjpUq sI[ 10 Agsq 1680 dy idn bnyr dy 66 mMdrW nUM Fwhux dI ^br bwdSwh nUM id`qI geI sI[ ieQoN pqw lgdw hY ik rwjpUq rwjy qy &Ojdwr eyny nwmrd qy byZYrq sn ik auh Awpxy rwj ivc mMdr Fwhy jwx dy i^lw& vI Awvwz qk auTwaux vwsqy iqAwr nhIN sn[ (ienHW swrIAW GtnwvW dw izkr „mAwisir-ie-AwlmgIrI‟ ivc (pMjwbI XUnIvristI dI pMjwbI ivc qrjmw hoeI AYfISn) s&y 80, 156, 158, 169, 176 „qy imldw hY)[

AOrMgzyb ny qW ihMdUAW qy jzIAw vI lwgU kr idqw sI qy cuMgI dI dr muslmwnW qoN dugxI kr idqI sI[ AOrMgzyb ny is`KW dIAW DrmswlwvW Fwhux dw hukm vI jwrI kIqw sI qy bUVIAw ksby dI Drmswlw Fwh vI idqI sI (pr AOrMgzyb dy ijaUNidAW hI, is`KW ny jldI hI ies nMU dubwrw auswr ilAw sI)[

dUjy pwsy AOrMgzyb ny iSvwjI mrh`tw nwl „dosqI‟ bxwaux dI pUrI koiSS kIqI sI[ aus ny qW iSvwjI dy pu`qr sMBwjI nUM julweI 1675 ivc Cy hzwrI Cy hzwr svwr dw mnsb vI id`qw sI qy nwl hI eInwm vjoN A`sI hzwr dwm, JMfw qy ngwrw vI b^iSS kIqy sn[ (swkI musqAwd ^wn, „mAwisir AwlmgIrI‟, pMjwbI AYfISn, s&w 124)[ auN\ pihlW iSvwjI mrh`tw dw juAweI nyqU Kqnw krvw ky muslmwn bx igAw sI qy aus nUM nvW nW kulI ^wn id`qw igAw sI qy nwl hI iqMn hzwrI do hzwr dw mnsb vI id`qw igAw sI („mAwisir AwlmgIrI‟, s&w 80)[ ieh v`KrI g`l hY ik AOrMgzyb dI iSvwjI nwl pUrI ieksurqw nw bx skI[ iSvwjI au~nI meI 1680 dy idn mr igAw („mAwisir AwlmgIrI‟, s&w 176)[

AOrMgzyb dI ZYr-muslmwnW nwl n&rq dw kwrn, aus dw srhMd dw nkSbMdI ausqwd sI[ auh bcpn ivc pihly kuJ swl qW sulqwnpur loDI ivc pVHdw irhw sI pr Pyr auh SYK sY&-aud-dIn dy Asr hyT Aw igAw sI[ nkSbMdI i&rky dw ieh g`dIdwr byhd i&rkU Aqy muq`sb nwl BirAw zihrIlw S^s sI[ aus ny AOrMgzyb dy idl ivc ZYr-muslmwnW vwsqy zihr Br idqw, jo aus ny Aw^rI swhW qk sMBwlI r`iKAw[ AOrMgzyb dI iesy bImwr izhnIAq ny gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nUM ShId krn dw hukm id`qw sI[

ShIdI mgroN

AOrMgzyb 7 AprYl 1674 nUM id`lI qoN hsn Abdwl nUM cilAw sI qy 26 jUn nUM au~Qy pu`j igAw sI[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nUM ShId kIqy jwx dI ^br aus nUM nvMbr 1675 dy A^Ir ivc iml cukI sI[ auh 23 dsMbr 1675 nUM vwips cl ipAw qy 21 jnvrI 1676 nUM lwhOr Aqy ie`QoN 24 &rvrI nUM cl ky 27 mwrc 1676 nUM id`lI pu`jw[

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI ShIdI nwl is`KW ivc bVw ros Aqy roh pYdw hoieAw[ is`K AOrMgzyb nUM szw dyxI cwhuMdy sn, pr AOrMgzyb bVI ih&wzq ivc rihMdw sI[ ies sikauirtI dy bwvjUd qvwrI^ ivc iqMn GtnwvW imldIAW hn jdoN is`KW ny AOrMgzyb ‟qy hmlw kIqw sI[

27 AkqUbr 1676 dy idn byVI coN auqrdy bwdSwh ‟qy iek is`K ny ie`tW nwl hmlw kIqw[ ies Gtnw dw izkr „mAwisir-ie-AwlmgIrI‟ dw lyKk (s&w 135 ‟qy) ieM\ krdw hY:

“19 qwrI^ rwjb (vIrvwr 27 AkqUbr 1676) nUM SihnSwh ikSqI qoN auqr ky q^q-ie-rvW ‟qy svwr ho rhy sn qW iek bdiksmq isr iPry ny jo gurU qyZ isMG dw cylw sI, do ie`tW su`tIAW ijnHw ivcoN iek q^q auqy if`gI[ jlO dy ipAwidAW ny aus mMd Bwgy nUM kuqvwl dy hvwly kr id`qw[”

ieho ijhIAW do hor GtnwvW, jUn-julweI 1767 ivc cWdnI cONk ivc AOrMgzyb ‟qy iq`KI fWg (Swied nyzw) aulwr ky s`utxw, iPr 19 AkqUbr 1767 nMU jwmw msijd dIAW pOVIAW qoN auqr ky GoVy ‟qy cVHdy qy qlvwr nwl hmlw krnw, vI hoeIAW sn („mAwisir-AwlmgIrI‟, s&y 135-36)[

BwvyN ienHW mwmUlI hmilAW nwl AOrMgzyb ny nw mrnw sI qy nw hI mirAw pr ies ivcoN is`KW dw roh zrUr zwihr hMudw hY[ ieh kihxw Zlq hY ik gurU jI dI ShIdI mgroN is`K dihl gey sn Aqy ^ud nMU is`K kihx qoN frn lg pey sn[ gurU jI dw sIs qy DV cu`k ky ilAwaux Aqy aupr izkr kIqy iqMn hmly swibq krdy hn ik is`K sgoN roh qy gu`sy ivc sn pr AOrMgzyb dI zbrdsq sikaUirtI kwrn aunHW dw v`s nhIN sI cilAw vrnw auh aus nMU szw zrUr dyNdy[

gurU swihb dI bwxI

gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb iek mhwn jrnYl, ivdvwn, pRcwrk Aqy jQybMdk AwgU dy nwl-nwl kmwl dI bwxI rcn vwly vI sn[ aunHW ny 59 pdy qy 57 slokW dI rcnw kIqI[ aunHW dI bwxI dw invyklw AMdwz hY[ AwsW BrI, rUhwnI vYrwg nwl lbryz, nwm ismrn, Bly kMm, ie^lwk, isAwsI &ls&w qy jIvn jwc sbMDI rcy ienHW SbdW dI bolI BwvyN Awswn hY pr aunHW ny in`ky-in`ky slokW ivc jo is`K &ls&w pyS kIqw auh ku`jy ivc smMudr bMd krn vwlI g`l hY[

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(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)