gurU hirikSn swihb
is`K qvwrI^ ivc sB qoN Gt aumr ivc, FweI swl qoN vI Gt dy in`ky ijhy Aihd ivc, iek Aihm rol Adw krn vwly gurU hrikSn swihb sn[ gurU hir rwie swihb dy spu`qr, gurU hirgoibMd swihb dy pVpoqy Aqy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy v`fy Brw bwbw guridqw dy poqy gurU hrikSn swihb dw jnm 20 julweI 1652 dy idn Qwpl ipMf (nwhn isrmOr irAwsq) ivc mwqw sul`KxI dy Gr hoieAw sI (guru hir rwie swihb 1645 qoN 1657 qk Qwpl rhy sn)[ gurU hrikSn swihb gurU hirrwie swihb dy sB qoN in`ky bwl sn[rwmrwie (jnm 24 &rvrI 1648) Aqy bIbI rUp kOr (jnm 9 AprYl 1649) Awp qoN v`fy sn[ 20 julweI dy 1652 dy idn ibkrmI sMmq dI swvn vdI sMmq 1709 sI[ kuJ ikqwbW ivc Awp dw jnm 1656 ivc iliKAw imldw hY[ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik Awp nUM “bVI hI in`kI aumr ivc mhwn hsqI” swibq krn vwsqy Asl aumr qoN vI Cotw iliKAw igAw hovygw[
gurU hrikSn swihb ny AwpxI swrI aumr (Aw^rI kuJ idn C`f ky) Qwpl Aqy kIrqpur swihb ivc hI ibqweI[ Awp ny AwpxI pVHweI dIvwn drgh m`l, BweI AVU rwm d`q (ipqw BweI ikrpw rwm) Aqy BweI ibMnw au~pl (ipqw BweI PyrU) dI ingrwnI hyT hwisl kIqI[ Awp ny ies dy nwl-nwl Ssqr clwaux qy GoV-svwrI dI tryinMg vI leI[
rwm rwie dI hrkq: gurU hrikSn swihb 1661 ivc isr& pOxy nON swl dy sn[ ieh auh smW sI jdoN Awp dw v`fw Brw rwmrwie AOrMgzyb dy drbwr ivc hwizr rihMdw sI[ 6 AkqUbr 1661 dy idn jd Awp nUM gurg`dI imlI qW Awp dI aumr isr& 9 swl 2 mhIny qy 16 idn sI[
1657 ivc muZl bwdSwh Swhjhwn bImwr pY igAw[ aus ny Awpxy v`fy pu`qr dwrw iSkoh nUM Awpxw vwrs AYlwn kr idqw[ ies ’qy aus dy Coty pu`qr AOrMgzyb ny bZwvq dw AYlwn kr idqw[ A^Ir ies dw &Yslw mYdwny-jMg ivc hoieAw[ 10 meI 1657 dy idn SwmUgVH ivc hoeI lVweI ivc AOrMgzyb jyqU ho inqirAw[ ies mgroN aus ny dwrw iSkoh dy swQIAW Aqy hmdrdW nUM szwvW id`qIAW[ ies islisly ivc aus ny gurU hir rwie jI nUM vI qlb kIqw[ gurU swihb ny Awp bwdSwh kol jwx dI bjwie Awpxy v~fy pu`qr rwm rwie nUM Byj idqw[ rwm rwie ny auQy jw ky AOrMgzyb nUM ^uS krn dI koiSS ivc gurbwxI dI iek quk dy mwAny (ArQ) vI bdl ky suxwey[ AOrMgzyb nUM ieh cwplUsI psMd Aw geI qy aus ny rwm rwie nUM SwbwS idqI[ ies qoN ^uS ho ky AOrMgzyb ny rwmrwie nUM ^Ub eInwm idqw[ jdoN rwm rwie dI ies hrkq dw pqw gurU hir rwie swihb jI nUM lgw qW aunHW ny rwmrwie nUM iqAwg id`qw qW auh vwips id~lI clw igAw qy AOrMgzyb dI pnwh kbUl kr leI (ies bwry qPsIl pihlW Aw cukI hY)[
gurU hrikSn swihb dw id`lI jwxw
6 AkqUbr 1661 dy idn gurU hir rwie swihb joqI-joiq smw gey[ ies vyly rwmrwie id`lI ivc sI[ gurU hir rwie swihb dy joqI-joiq smwaux dI ^br sux ky auh kIrqpur pu`jw Aqy gurg`dI ’qy Awpxw h`k ijqwaux dI koiSS kIqI, pr aus dy injI syvwdwrW (gurdws, gurb^S qy qwrw) nUM C`f ky iek vI is`K ny aus dw swQ nw idqw[ A^Ir auh inrwS ho ky id`lI prq igAw[ aus ny id`lI jw ky AOrMgzyb dI mdd hwisl krn dI koiSS kIqI[ pr, AOrMgzyb AwpxI slqnq dy ieMqzwm ivc eynw PisAw hoieAw sI ik auh rwm rwie nUM injI mulwkwq vwsqy smW nw dy sikAw[ rwm rwie dIAW ienHW koiSSW ivc do swl qoN vI vD dw smW bIq igAw[ A^Ir mwrc 1664 ivc rwm rwie nUM AOrMgzyb nwl imlx dw smW iml hI igAw[ rwm rwie ny bVw Awijz ho ky AOrMgzyb qoN mdd mMgI[ AOrMgzyb ny rwm rwie dI mdd dw vwAdw kIqw[ ies sbMD ivc AOrMgzyb ny pihlw kMm gurU hrikSn swihb nUM id`lI sMmn krn dw kIqw[ aus ny gurU jI nUM ilAwaux vwsqy rwjw jY isMh imrzw dy dIvwn prs rwm dI ifaUtI lweI[ prs rwm do swl pihlW vI kIrqpur jw cukw sI[ auh 18 mwrc 1664 dy idn kIrqpur pu`jw Aqy AOrMgzyb dw sunyhw idqw[ sunyhw imlidAW hI gurU swihb ny id`lI jwx ’qy dI iqAwrI SurU kr idqI[ Agly idn gurU jI prs rwm dy ilAWdy rQ qy svwr ho ky id`lI vl nUM cl pey[ gurU jI dy nwl dwdI bsI, mwqw sul`KxI, dIvwn drgh m`l, BweI drIAw prmwr, BweI mnI rwm qy keI hor is`K vI id`lI nUM cl pey[
gurU hrikSn swihb kIrqpur qoN cl ky kotlw inhMg ^wn (ropV), bnUV, rwjpurw qy AMbwlw huMdy hoey pMjoKVw pu`jy[ pMjoKVw ivc gurU nwnk swihb dy vyly qoN sMgq kwiem ho cukI sI[ aunHW mgroN gurU Amr dws swihb qy gurU hrgoibMd swihb vI pMjoKVw Aw cuky sn[ ie`Qy is`KW ny iek Drmswlw vI kwiem kIqI hoeI sI[ gurU hrgoibMd swihb nvMbr 1619 ivc gvwlIAr qoN vwpsI smyN iesy Drmswlw ivc rhy sn[ ie`Qy pujidAW gurU hrikSn swihb nUM pqw lgw ik kwbl qoN kuJ sMgqW aunHW nUM imlx vwsqy Aw rhIAW hn[ ieh is`K pihloN kIrqpur swihb gey sn ij`Qy aunHW nUM gurU jI dy id`lI rvwnw hox dw pqw lgw sI[ auh gurU jI dy ip`Cy-ip`Cy pMjoKVw qk cly Awey sn[ gurU swihb ienHW is`KW nUM bVy ipAwr nwl imly[ mukwmI is`K qkrIbn roz ies QW ’qy iek`Ty hoieAw krdy sn qy gurbwxI gwieAw krdy sn[ bhuq swry ihMdU vI is`KW nwl sMgq kr ilAw krdy sn[ ies nwl bRwhmxW dy jjmwn (client) Gtdy jw rhy sn[ is`KW nwl sMgq krn vwly ihMdU vI hux vrq, sMgrWd, m`isAw, pUrnmwSI, sUqk, mhUrq, X`g vgYrw nUM C`fdy jw rhy sn[ ies kr ky bRwhmx is`KW qoN bhuq Kwr KWdy sn[ pMjoKVw dy iek bRwhmx lwl cMd ny prcwr kIqw hoieAw sI ik auh cwr vydW, Cy SwsqrW, ATwrW purwxW Aqy sqweI isMmRqIAW dw igAwn rKdw hY[ pr, ikauN ik pMjoKVw ivc Awm lokW nUM sMsikRq nhIN AwauNdI sI ies kr ky lok aus dI AslIAq nhIN sn jwx skdy[ (vYsy vI ihMdU smwj ‘c sMsikRq isrP pujwrIAW dy pVy ilKy jwx vwlI SYA sI[ Awm ihMdU nw qW sMsikRq jwxdw sI qy nw Aj jwxdw hY[ sMsikRq kdy vI Awm bol cwl dI bolI ihMdUsqwn ‘c nhIN rhI; dUjw, sMsikRq pVn dw h`k isrP bRwhmx nUM sI ieM\ aus dw Kotw is`kw c`lI jw irhw sI)[
lwl cMd dw mwx qoVnw: jdoN gurU hrikSn swihb pMjoKVw pu`jy qW lwl cMd nUM pqw lgw ik is`KW dw gurU iek in`kw ijhw bwl hY qy aus dI aumr 12 swl qoN vI Gt hY[ bRwhmx ny gurU jI nUM nIvW idKwaux vwsqy iek cwl socI[ auh Awpxy nwl gIqw dI iek poQI lY AwieAw[ auh Aw ky gurU jI dy kol bYT igAw qy aunHW dIAW g`lW suxdw irhw[ kuJ icr mgroN poly ijhy kihx lgw, “gurU jI quhwfw nW hrikSn hY jo Bgvwn ikRSn qoN vI au~cw hY[ aus ikRSn ny gIqw ilKI sI, kI qusIN aus gIqw dy ArQ smJw skdy ho?” gurU swihb nUM aus dI cwl pihloN hI smJ Aw geI sI[ gurU jI muskurw pey Aqy aus nUM disAw ik isr& mYN hI nhIN blik myrw hr is`K gIqw hI nhIN blik hr sMsikRq ikqwb dy ArQ kr skdw hY[ swfw hr is`K sMq, ispwhI qy igAwnI hY[ AsIN zwq-pwq dy ihswb nwl pVHweI nhIN krvwauNdy[ swfy qW bRwhmx, j`t, vYS, SUdr, swry hI gIqw vrgIAW keI ikqwbW pVH cuky hn qy iksy vI ihMdU bRwhmx qoN vDIAw ArQ kr skdy hn[ qusIN iksy is`K dw nW lE, EhI quhwnUM gIqw dy ArQ hI nhIN blik ies dw &ls&w vI smJw skygw[
lwl cMd nUM XkIn nw AieAw ik is`K pMQ dw hr pYrokwr ividAw dw eynw jwxU ho skdw hY[ aus nUM Brm sI ik is`KW nUM qW sMsikRq AwauNdI hI nhIN hoxI[ ieh soc ky aus ny iek mwVy ijhy kpVy vwly, is`Dw-swDw lgdy is`K vl ieSwrw kr ky ikhw, “kI ieh is`K vI gIqw dy ArQ ds skdw hY?” gurU swihb muskurw pey qy aus BweI C`jU rwm nUM ieSwrw kIqw ik auh lwl cMd dI inSw krvw dyvy[ C`jU rwm ny lwl cMd dy cuxy slokW dy invykly ArQ kr ky d`sy[ lwl cMd sux ky dMg rih igAw[ aus ny gIqw dI AijhI pySkwrI v`fy v`fy bRwhmxW koloN nhIN sI suxI[ ies nwl aus dy AMdr dy bRwhmx dw hMkwr tu`t igAw[ aus ny gurU jI dy kdmW ’qy isr JukwieAw Aqy AwpxI hrkq dI muAw&I mMgI[
not: kuJ bRwhmx lyKkW ny ie`Qy vI Gt nhIN kIqI[ aunHW ny gurU jI dy h`Q ivc iek ‘krwmwqI’ sotI PVw idqI qy jd gurU jI ny auh sotI aus C`jU rwm dy isr ’qy rKI qW aus dy mUMhoN gIqw dy ArQ inklx lg pey[ ies ip`Cy aus bRwhmx lyKk dI Srwrq ieh sI ik ieh swibq kIqw jwvy ik C`jU rwm nUM kuJ nhIN sI AwauNdw qy iek ‘jwdU dI sotI’ nwl aus ivc igAwn Aw igAw[ ieho ijhIAW jwdU dIAW g`p khwxIAW ihMdU ikqwbW ivc Awm imldIAW hn[ pr AslIAq ieh hY ik gurU jI dI hdwieq sI ik hr iek is`K vD qoN vD igAwn hwisl kry[ C`jU rwm vI, iJaUr dy Gr jMimAw hoieAw hox dy bwvjUd, sMsikRq dIAW keI ikqwbW pVH cukw sI qy cMgw Awlm &wzl sI[ pr bRwhmx ilKwrIAW ny ies nUM lukwaux vwsqy jwdU dI sotI dI khwxI GV leI[
jd lwl cMd dw vihm dUr ho igAw qW aus ny gurU jI qoN muAw&I mMgI Aqy is`KI ivc Swiml hox dI ^wihS drsweI[ jd gurU jI pMjoKVw qoN kurUkSyqr clx leI iqAwr hoey qW lwl cMd ny vI nwl c`lx dI iejwzq mMgI[ lwl cMd dy nwl BweI C`jU rwm vI gurU swihb dy nwl igAw[ gurU swihb ny kurUkSyqr qoN A`gy jwx l`igAW dohW nUM vwips pMjoKVw jwx vwsqy AwiKAw qy hdwieq kIqI ik auh dovyN rl ky au~Qy is`KI dw prcwr krn[
(lwl cMd ny vwips pu`j ky Drmswlw ivc b`icAW Aqy v`ifAW nUM sMsikRq dI ividAw dyxI SurU kr idqI[ ies dy nwl hI aus ny BweI C`jU rwm koloNN gurbwxI vI pVHnI SurU kr idqI[ hOlI-hOlI auh gurbwxI dw mwihr vI bx igAw)[ BweI lwl cMd ny bVI vfyrI aumr qk is`KI dw prcwr kIqw[ iek lyKk muqwibk lwl cMd cmkOr dI lVweI (7 dsMbr 1705 dy idn) ivc ShId hoieAw sI[ (vDyry vyrvy vwsqy vyKo: lyKk dI ikqwb “gurU dy Syr”)[
gurU swihb id`lI ivc: pMjoKVw, kurUkSyqr Aqy pwnIpq coN huMdy hoey gurU hrikSn swihb id`lI pu`jy[ id`lI ivc auh rwjw jY isMh imrzw dy bMgly (mOjUdw gurduArw bMglw swihb) ivc Tihry[ jY isMh aus vyly d`Kx dw gvrnr sI Aqy aus bMgly ivc aus dI rwxI puSpw vqI qy puqr kMvr rwm isMh rihMdy sn[ puSpw vqI ny gurU swihb dI Azmq prKx vwsqy Awp nOkrwxIAW vwly kpVy pw ley Aqy iek nOkrwxI nUM Awpxy kpVy puAw idqy[ aus ny soicAw ik jy gurU swihb kol rUhwnI igAwn hoieAw qW aus Asl Aqy nkl dI pCwx kr skxgy[
gurU hrikSn swihb ny bMgly ivc phuMcidAW hI rwxI nUM pCwx ilAw[ aunHW aus nUM disAw ik rwxI dy kpVy pihxn nwl nOkrwxI dy ichry ’qy rwxI vwly hwv-Bwv, sMjOdgI, sUJ qy slIkw nhIN Aw skdy qy pihrwvy nwl AMdrUnI ^UbIAW ’qy koeI Asr nhIN pYNdw[ rwxI puSpw nUM gurU jI dIAW g`lW sux ky XkIn ho igAw ik gurU hir rwie swihb ny gurg`dI soc smJ ky idqI sI qy gurU swihb in`kI aumr hox dy bwvjUd sUJ-bUJ Aqy rUhwnIAq nwl lbryz sn[
(gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb nwl mulwkwq: jdoN gurU hrikSn swihb id`lI pu`jy qW aus qoN iek idn mgroN hI (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb vI pUrb dy dOry qoN id`lI muVy sn[ auh idlvwlI muh`ly ivc BweI kilAwxw dI Drmswlw ivc Tihry sn[ ausy Swm aunHW nUM pqw lgw ik gurU hrikSn swihb vI id`lI Awey hoey hn Aqy rwjw jY isMh imrzw dy bMgly ivc Tihry hn[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb Agly idn, 22 mwrc 1664 nUM, rwjy dy bMgly ’qy gey Aqy gurU hrikSn swihb nwl mulwkwq kIqI[ gurU hrikSn swihb ny aunHW nUM do kU idn au~Qy Tihrn vwsqy AwiKAw[ ieh do idn gurU hrikSn swihb aunHW nwl ivcwrW krdy rhy[ bwbw-poqw ivckwr is`KI dI jQybMdk hwlq, gurg`dI, muZl hkUmq, AOrMgzyb qy is`KI dy Biv`K bwry crcw hoeI[ ies dOrwn (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb ny gurU hrikSn swihb nUM disAw ik AOrMgzyb iek cwlwk bMdw hY Aqy aus nwl mulwkwq vyly bVI cOksI dI loV hovygI[ aus qoN sMBl ky rihxw Aqy aus dw ivswh nhIN Kwxw[ aus qoN iksy vI mwVI g`l dI Aws ho skdI hY[ ies mgroN (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb pMjwb vl nUM cly gey[ aunHW dy turn vyly gurU hrikSn swihb ny aunHW nUM ikhw ik mYnUM ielhwm ho irhw hY ik mYnUM Akwl purK dw bulwvw Aw irhw hY qy jy Aijhw hoieAw qW gurg`dI qusIN sMBwlxI hY[ (gurU) qyZ bhwdr swihb pihlW qW cup rhy qy iPr ‘jo BwvY krqwr’ AwK ky bkwlw vl nUM cl pey[
AOrMgzyb nwl mulwkwq
AOrMgzyb ny gurU hrikSn swihb nUM 25 mwrc 1664 dy idn mulwkwq vwsqy bulwieAw[ gurU swihb rwjw jY isMh imrzw dy GroN pwlkI ivc svwr ho ky AOrMgzyb dy drbwr ivc lwl iklHw pu`jy[ gurU jI dy nwl aus vyly kMvr rwm isMh imrzw, dIvwn drgh m`l, BweI mnI rwm (mgroN BweI mnI isMG), gurb^S (rwm rwie dw swQI qy aus dw msMd) Aqy kuJ hor is`K vI gey[ ies sbMDI iek ieMdrwj ‘B`t vhI qlwauNfw’ ivc ieM\ imldw hY:
“gurU hrikSn jI mhl ATmW, bytw gurU hir rwie jI kw…swl sqrW sY iekIs cyqr mwsy Suklw p`Ky iQq nwmI, gurUvwr ky idMh, svw pihr idn cVHy pwlkI myN svwr hoey, idhlI bwdSwh ky drbwr myN Awey[ swQ dIvwn drgh m`l AwieAw bytw dvwrkw dws kw, kMvr rwm isMh AwieAw bytw jY isMh AMbyrI kw, gurb^S AwieAw bytw bwGy CIpy kw, mnI rwm AwieAw bytw mweI dws jlhwny kw[ hor is`K PkIr Awey[”
AOrMgzyb dy drbwr ivc qlb kIqy lokW dy Awaux vwilAW nUM bYTx vwsqy koeI cIz nhIN sI idqI jwieAw krdI pr gurU hrikSn swihb nUM iek g`dydwr, Swndwr kFweI vwly, au~cy mUVHy ’qy ibTwieAw igAw[ Aijhy mUVHy isr& ieslwm dy v`fy AwgUAW nUM hI idqy jwieAw krdy sn qy iksy ZYr-muslm nUM bYTx dw koeI h`k nhIN sI huMdw[ AOrMgzyb ny gurU swihb dw rsmI Adb-sqkwr kIqw, aunHW dw hwl-cwl pu`iCAw qy Pyr Awpxy Asl mksd v`l Aw igAw[ aus dw pihlw svwl sI:
“rwm rwie quhwfy v`fy Brw hn pr quhwfy ipqw jI ny gurg`dI quhwnUM ikauN idqI?” gurU hrikSn sihb jI ny jvwb idqw, “gurg`dI koeI injI jwiedwd nhIN hY jo v`fy puqr nUM hI imlxI cwhIdI sI[ ieh qW rUhwnI syvw hY[ gurU hir rwie swihb jI ny ijs nUM TIk h`kdwr smiJAw ieh syvw sONp idqI[” ies mgroN AOrMgzyb ny gurU swihb nUM ikhw “gurU hox dy nwqy qusIN krwmwq dI qwkq qy hsqI rKdy ho[ qusIN koeI krwmwq idKwE[” gurU swihb ny aus nUM jvwb idqw, “is`K Drm muqwibk krwmwq idKwxw qW kihr hY[ ieh qW Akwl purK dy hukm qoN vKry c`lxw hY[ swfy Drm muqwibk isr& r`b hI ieko-iek krwmwq hY[ bMdy dI krwmwq aus r`b dw nW jpxw hI hY[” ies mu^qsr jhI mulwkwq mgroN AOrMgzyb ny gurU jI nUM ikhw ik hux auh jw ky Arwm krn qy iek vwr Pyr mulwkwq hovygI[
gurU swihb ’qy cIck dw hmlw Aqy joqI-joiq smwauxw: aunHIN idnIN id`lI ivc cIck dI bImwrI PYlI hoeI sI qy ies bImwrI dy mwrU Asr hyTW bhuq swry lok Aw cuky sn[ gurU swihb pwlkI ivc svwr ho ky lwl iklHw qoN jY isMh imrzw dy bMgly vl jw rhy sn[ rsqy ivc keI &kIr qy hor lok gurU swihb dy drSn krn Aqy iBiKAw mMgx dI soc nwl pwlkI vl nUM vDy[ ienHW iv`coN kuJ cIck dy mrIz vI sn[ ienHW mrIzW dy nyVy Awaux nwl cIck dw Asr gurU swihb ’qy vI ho igAw[ bMgly ivc Awaux swr gurU swihb vI ibsqry ’qy pY gey[ cIck dy nwl hI Awp nUM bu^wr vI ho igAw[ BwvyN rwm isMh imrzw ny vYd bulw ky ielwj krvwaux dI koiSS vI kIqI pr cIck dw zor vDdw hI igAw[ gurU jI dy swry ijsm ’qy cIck PYl geI[ cIck, bu^wr qy id`lI dI grmI nwl gurU jI dw ijsm inFwl ho igAw[ ieh zor cwr idn lgwqwr cldw irhw[ pMjvyN idn gurU jI ny swirAW nUM nyVy bulwieAw qy AYlwn kIqw ik ‘myry jwx dw vkq ho igAw hY[” ies ’qy sMgqW ny pu`iCAw “swnUM iks dy lV lw c`ly ho? (Xwin nOvyN gurU swihb kOx hoxgy?)[” gurU jI ny m`Dm jhI Awvwz ivc jvwb id`qw,“swfy ip`Cy gurg`dI ’qy bwby bkwly vwly hoxgy[ dIvwn jI myry ip`CoN aunHW nUM gurg`dI dI izMmydwrI sONp Awauxw[ auhI gurU nwnk swihb dI nOvIN joiq hoxgy[” ieh AwKx mgroN gurU jI joqI-joiq smw gey[
gurU jI dw sskwr Bogl ipMf ivc, jmnw dirAw dy kMFy ’qy, kIqw igAw[ jY isMh imrzw dy bMgly ivc (guru) gRMQ swihb dw srUp ilAw ky Bog pwieAw igAw[ BweI gurdws (puqr BweI bihlo), dIvwn drgh m`l, munSI kilAwx dws Aqy BweI mnI rwm ny swrw pwT kIqw[ do kU h&qy mgroN (guru) gRMQ swihb dy pwT dw Bog ipAw[ mgroN 11 Agsq 1664 dy idn gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb jI nUM bkwlw ivc jw ky gurg`dI sONpx dI Ardws ivc Swiml hox vwsqy ieh swry qy kuJ hor drbwrI is`K vI gey[
bMglw swihb dy pwxI dI khwxI
qkrIbn 50 kU swl pihloN bRwhmxW ny gurduAwrw bMglw swihb ivcly KUh dy pwxI bwry iek krwmwq dI khwxI GV leI qy ieh prcwr SurU kr idqw ik ies pwxI ivc ZYbI qwkq hY[ A&sos dw mukwm ieh hY ik bysmJ is`K lIfrW ny vI ies nUM smJy ibnW hI ieh mnmiq vwly prcwr kbUl kr ilAw hwlW ik AOrMgzyb nwl mulwkwq smyN gurU sihb ny Sry-Awm ikhw sI is`K Drm krwmwq dy dMB nUM r`d krdw hY[ ieh bhwnw lwauxw ik gurU jI ny ie`QoN pwxI Br-Br ky lokW nUM ipAwieAw sI ies kr ky ieh “piv`qr” hY qy AKOqI-AMimRq jW pRSwd vjoN ilAw jwxw cwhIdw hY[ pihlI g`l, ieh glq hY ik gurU jI ie~QoN lokW nUM pwxI ipAwieAw krdy sn qy ies nwl aunHW nUM mrIzW qoN cIck ho geI sI[ ieh TIk hY ik gurU jI dIn duKIAW dI mdd krn ivc XkIn rKdy sn Aqy hr vyly aunHW dI BlweI ivc ih`sw pwaux vwsqy iqAwr rihMdy sn[ pr ies KUh qoN pwxI ipAwaux dI g`l Zlq hY[ ieh rwjw jY isMh imrzw dw bMglw (mhl) sI qy ies QW ’qy mrIzW dw dw^lw nwmumikn sI[ dUjw ies ielwky ivc Awm lokW dy Gr nhIN sn qy bImwrW qy mMgiqAW dy iek`TW dw ie`Qy hoxw JUTI khwxI hY[ drAsl gurU swihb nUM cIck dI bImwrI dy jrwsImW ny lwl iklHy qoN inkl ky bMglw swihb v`l AwauNidAW GyirAw hovygw ikauN ik aus ielwky ivc lokW dI AwbwdI kw&I sI[ Asl id`lI iehI Swhjhwnwbwd dw ielwkw sI Aqy cIck PYlI vI au~Qy hI sI[
dUjw, ies KUh dy pwxI nUM “AMimRq” AwKxw gurU nwnk swihb dI isiKAw Aqy gurbwxI qoN mUMh moVnw hY[ is`K Drm ivc “AMimRq” gurU dI bwxI nUM ikhw igAw hY[ ies bwxI nUM smJxw Aqy rUh ivc smwauxw hI “AMimRq Ckxw” hY[ pMj ipAwirAW v“loN CkweI jwx vwlI “KMfy dI pwhul” nUM vI kuJ lok “AMimRq” AwK dyNdy hn (qy hux ieh l&z kuJ vDyry hI vriqAw jwx lg ipAw hY)[
gurU hrikSn sihb dI S^sIAq: gurU hrikSn swihb ies &wnI dunIAW ivc ijsmwnI qOr ’qy isr& 11 swl 8 mhIny Aqy 10 idn hI rhy sn[ ies ivcoN isr& 2 swl 5 mhIny qy 24 idnW aunHW dw gurg`dI dw smW bxdw hY[ ies smyN dOrwn aunHW ny gurU Gr dw Dwrimk, smwijk qy jQybMdk ieMqzwm kIqw[ aunHW vyly ZznI qy kwbl qoN lY ky Aswm qk pUrb ivc, jgn nwQ purI qk d`Kx ivc Aqy burhwnpur qy ibdr qk p`Cm ivc is`KI &YlI hoeI sI[ ieh is`KI gurU nwnk swihb dy vyly qoN, ipCly fyF sO swl qoN vD smyN ivc, iek BweIcwrw bx cuikAw sI[ sMgqW dUr-dUr qoN kIrqpur AwauNdIAW rihMdIAW sn[ ij`Qy aunHW dI ruhwnI Bu`K dUr krnI huMdI sI au~Qy aunHW vwsqy lMgr Aqy irhwieS dw ieMqzwm vI gurU hrikSn swihb dI dyK-ryK ivc huMdw sI[ gurU hrikSn swihb nUM rUhwnI, BweIcwrk, mwlI qy jQybMdk rol vI Adw krnw pYNdw sI[ ies dI tryinMg gurU swihb ny Awpxy ipqw gurU hir rwie swihb qoN hwisl kIqI sI[ gurU swihb kol 2200 GoVy qy &OjW vI sn[
gurU hrikSn swihb bcpx qoN hI gurbwxI qy duinAwvI ividAw dy bVy pRymI sn[ aunHW dw hukm sI ik hr iek is`K BwvyN auh iksy vI brwdrI ivc jMimAw hovy, aus nUM vD qoN vD ividAw imlxI cwhdI hY[ (pMjoKVw dw BweI C`jU ies dI zwhrw imswl sI)[ gurU swihb ny gurbwxI dIAW keI poQIAW Aqy (gurU) gRMQ swihb dy keI srUp iqAwr krvw ky v`K-v`K ielwikAW dIAW sMgqW nUM phuMcwey sn[
gurU hrikSn swihb bVy nrm, inmr, sMjIdw Aqy sUJvwn hsqI sn[ auh kdy vI gu`sy ivc nhIN sn AwauNdy[ aunHW dI bolI ivc inmrqw, imTws qy hlImI BrI hoeI sI[ auh hr kMm sihj nwl krdy sn Aqy kdy vI kwhlI Aqy iKJ nhIN sn zwihr krdy[ AOrMgzyb nwl aunHW dI mulwkwq dOrwn aunHW dw vqIrw iek isAwxy bzurg vrgw sI[ gurg`dI dI syvw sMBwl gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nUM sONpx dw &Yslw vI aunHW dI isAwxp Aqy sUJ v`l ieSwrw krdw hY[ gurU hrikSn swihb dy suBwA ivc Tihrwau vI sI[ rwmrwie dIAW swizSW dy bwvjUd gurU swihb kdy vI gu`sy ivc nhIN sn Awey qy nw hI aus dy i^lw& kdy koeI jvwby-Aml (reaction) idKwieAw sI[
gurU hrikSn swihb nUM gurmiq dw vI mukMml ielm sI[ AOrMgzyb dy mMg krn dy bwvjUd aunHW ny koeI krwmwq idKwaux qoN sw& nWh kr idqI sI qy ikhw sI ik is`KI ivc krwmwq kihr dw nW hY[
gurU swihb infr qy dlyr vI sn[ jdoN AOrMgzyb dy sMmn pu`jy qW gurU swihb fry jW Gbrwey nhIN blik AYnI v`fI duinAwvI qwkq, &Oj Aqy slqnq dy mwilk nwl crcw krn vwsqy iqAwr ho gey[ iPr auh rwm rwie v`loN kuJ msMdW nUM Awpxy nwl rlw ley jwx dy bwvjUd foly nhIN[
gurU swihb mnoivigAwn dy vI mwihr sn[ jd rwxI puSpw dyvI ny gurU sihb dI prK krnI vwhI qW aunHW pl Jpkx dy smyN ivc hI rwxI qy golI dI Snw^q kr idqI sI[
gurU swihb lokweI vwsqy drd Aqy qrs dw jzbw vI rKdy sn[ jd Awp AOrMgzyb nUM imlx mgroN lwl iklHw qoN rwjw jY isMh imrzw dy bMgly vl jw rhy sn qW rwh ivc kohVI, cIck dy mrIz qy mMgiqAW v`loN nyVy Awaux dy bwvjUd aunHW ny n&rq dw iezhwr nhIN kIqw blik hmdrdI qy ipAwr idKwieAw (ieh vKrI g`l hY ik ies nwl auh Awp vI cIck dI mwr hyT Aw gey)[
kul imlw ky gurU hrikSn swihb dI S^sIAq ivc auh swrIAW ^UbIAW sn ijhVIAW gurg`dI dy shI vwirs ivc hoxIAW cwhIdIAW sn[ iesy kr ky pMjoKVw dy bRwhmx lwl cMd hI nhIN blik AOrMgzyb nUM vI mMnxw ipAw sI ik gurU hr rwie swihb ny gurg`dI shI h`kdwr nUM hI id`qI sI[ aunHW dy mukwbly ivc rwmrwie cwlwk, byeImwn, cwplUs, smJOqw-krU, lwlcI, ^udZrz, swzSI Aqy DVybwz sI[
gurU hrikSn swihb guldwaudI (LILY) Pu`l vWg sn jo is`KI dy bgIcy ivc QoVHI dyr vwsqy hI nzr Awey pr AwpxI Aimt Cwp C`f gey Aqy dunIAW dI qvwrI^ dy Awsmwn ivc cmkdy isqwry vWg A`j vI cmk rhy hn[ aunHW dI izMdgI ies g`l dw sbUq hY ik ijsmwnI aumr iksy dI mhwnqw dw pYmwnw nhIN ho skdI[ koeI bMdw 100 swl dw ho ky vI bymwAnw ho skdw hy qy koeI 8-9 swl dI aumr ivc vI kmwl kr skdw hY[
gurU swihb bwry kuJ swKIAW dw s`c: gurU hrikSn swihb bwry keI JUTIAW Aqy Ais`K swKIAW bxweIAW geIAW hn[ ieh swKIAW aunHW bRwhmx lyKkW ny ilKIAW sn jo gurU swihb nUM krwmwqI bxwauxw cwhuMdy sn[ ieM\ hI iek A`D swKI aunHW nUM “in`kI aumr ivc mhwn” swibq krn vwsqy vI GVI geI sI (ies ivc koeI S`k nhIN ik gurU hrikSn swihb mhwn qW sn hI pr swKI GVn vwly ny ies nUM g`p qy krwmwq rwhIN swibq krn dI koiSS kIqI sI)[ hyTW kuJ swKIAW dw s`c pyS krn dI koiSS kIqI hY:
*kuJ lokW ny ieh prcwrn dI koiSS kIqI hY ik gurU hrikSn swihb AOrMgzyb dy drbwr ivc nhIN sn gey[ aus ny AwpxI g`l nUM kwiem krn vwsqy ieh vI kih idqw ik gurU hr rwie swihb joqI-joiq smwaux qoN pihlW gurU hrikSn swihb nUM ieh ‘hdwieq’ dy ky gey sn ik muZl drbwr ivc nhIN jwxw qy bwdSwh nUM ‘drSn nhIN dyxy’[ ieh g`l Zlq hY[ gurU hrikSn swihb 25 mwrc 1664 dy idn AOrMgzyb nUM imlx vwsqy lwl iklHy ivc gey sn[ hor qW hor ies mulwkwq ivc do kU idn bwAd dobwrw imlx dw pRogrwm vI bixAw sI jo gurU hrikSn swihb nUM cIck ho jwx kwrn iv`cy rih igAw[ iek hor idlcsp g`l ieh hY ik ‘gurU jI ny mulwkwq nhIN kIqI’ AwKx vwly lyKk muqwibk gurU swihb AOrMgzyb dy sMmn imlx ’qy id`lI gey zrUr sn pr aunHW mulwkwq nhIN sI kIqI[ bVI AjIb g`l hY! jy gurU swihb ny aus nwl mulwkwq krn qoN nWh krnI sI qW auh aus dy sMmx imlidAW id`lI nUM ikauN tur pey sn? auh qW kIrqpur qoN hI sunyhw Byj skdy sn ‘nhIN mlyC ko drSn dyih hYN’[ ieh g`l AwKx vwsqy guru jI nUM id`lI phuMcwaux dI kI loV sI?
iPr ieh vI Zlq hY ik kdy iksy gurU dI iksy muZl bwdSwh nwl mulwkwq nhIN sI hoeI[ gurU nwnk swihb dI bwbr nwl mulwkwq dw izkr AwauNdw hY (BwvyN qvwrI^I p`KoN ieh TIk nhIN hY), hmwXUM gurU AMgd swihb nUM qy Akbr gurU Amr dws swihb Aqy gurU Arjn swihb nUM goieMdvwl ivc imilAw sI[ clo ie`Qy ieh ikhw jw skdw hY ik ienHW mOikAW ’qy gurU swihb Awp qW imlx nhIN sI gey blik ieh bwdSwh ^ud Awey sn[ pr, dUjy pwsy ieh vI qW shI hY ik gurU nwnk swihb ny dOlq ^wn loDI dI mulwzmq kIqI sI (dOlq ^wn qW bwdSwh nhIN blik Cotw gvrnr sI); gurU rwm dws bRwhmxW dI iSkwieq sbMDI sMmn Awaux kwrn hI Akbr nUM imlx gey sn (BwvyN auh Ajy gurU nhIN sn bxy); gurU Arjn swihb 1606 ivc, gurU hirgoibMd swihb 1613 ivc Aqy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb 1665 ivc igR&qwr kr ky qrqIbvwr jhWgIr, Swhjhwn Aqy AOrMgzyb dy drbwr ivc pyS kIqy gey sn; gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ShIdI qoN pihlW, 11 julweI 1675 dy idn, Awp AOrMgzyb nUM imlx inkly sn; 5 qy 6 dsMbr 1705 dI rwq nUM AnMdpur C`fx mgroN gurU goibMd isMG swihb AOrMgzyb nUM imlx vwsqy ipMf kWgV gey sn; 1707 ivc gurU jI dw ^q pVHn mgroN jd AOrMgzyb ny jd AihdIAW nUM ic`TI dy ky gurU goibMd isMG swihb nUM AOrMgwbwd bulwieAw qW gurU swihb aus nUM imlx vwsqy cl pey sn (auN\ qW auh aus nUM imlx vwsqy pihloN ^ud Awp hI inkl cuky sn qy AOrMgzyb v`loN s`dy jwx bwry sunyhw qW aunHW nUM rwh ivc imilAw sI)[ iPr gurU goibMd isMG swihb bhwdr Swh nUM imlx vwsqy Awgry ivc aus dy drbwr ivc gey sn qy iK`lq kbUl kIqI sI[ Xwin gurU sihbwn dIAW bwdSwhW nwl mulwkwqW huMdIAW rhIAW sn qy ies nUM r`d krnw Zlq hY[ auN\ AOrMgzyb nUM imlx kwrn gurU hrikSn swihb dI hsqI jW S^sIAq Gt nhIN jWdI[
*iek hor swKI muqwibk iek vwr jd gurU hrikSn swihb pwlkI ivc svwr ho ky jw rhy sn qW ‘kohV’ dw iek bRwhmx mrIz aunHW dI pwlkI A`gy lyt igAw Aqy qrly lYx l`gw ik myrw kohV dw rog dUr kr idE[ ies swKI dy lyKk muqwibk gurU swihb ny aus nUM Awpxw rumwl idqw Aqy ikhw ik ieh rumwl Awpxy ipMfy ’qy PyirAw kr[ kuJ icr mgroN aus dw kohV dw rog dUr ho igAw[ ieh khwxI gurU swihb dI aumr lukOx, aunHW nUM ZYbI qwkq vwlw rumwl dyx vwlw jwdUgr bxwaux, qy aunHW v`loN krwmwq idKwaux vwsqy GVI geI jwpdI hY[ ies ivc koeI S`k nhIN ik gurU swihb iek Azmq vwlI hsqI sn pr aunHW ny qW krwmwq idKwaux nUM mu`FoN r`d kIqw sI[
*C`jU rwm iJaUr dI swKI nUM vI bRwhmx-iksm dy ilKwrIAW ny krwmwq vWg pyS krn dI koiSS kIqI hY[ aunHW muqwibk pMjoKVw dw C`jU rwm iek ZrIb iJaUr sI[ auh ieh nhIN dsdy ik C`jU rwm ny iJaUr dy Gr jnm lYx dy bwvjUd pVHweI kIqI sI Aqy aus nUM sMsikRq vI cMgI AwauNdI sI ikauN ik is`K Drm ivc iek iJaUr prvwr jW iek ZrIb Gr ivc jMmx kwrn pVHweI krn ’qy koeI pwbMdI nhIN sI (ijvyN ik ihMdU Drm ivc AKOqI ACUqW ’qy pwbMdI huuMdI hY)[ bRwhmx lyKkW ny C`jU rwm nUM iek nIc AwK ky aus nwl gurU swihb dI sotI Cuhw ky aus dy AMdr “igAwn dwi^l” kIqw hY nw ik aus nUM cMgI pVHweI vwlw mMn ky[ ie`Qy vI bRwhmx ny gurU jI nUM sotI nwl krwmwq idKwauNdw swibq kIqw hY jo ik is`K &ls&y nUM ivgwVn dI swizS hY[
*ieM\ hI id`lI ivc PYlI cIck dOrwn gurU swihb nUM bImwrW ivc dvweIAW vMfdw idKwieAw hY (pqw nhIN audoN gurU jI ny ikhVI &YktrI iv`coN dvweIAW ilAWdIAW sn jW aunHW ny ikvyN iek do idn ivc hI jMgI p`Dr ’qy sYNkVy jW hzwrW mrIzW vwsqy dvweIAW bxvw leIAW sn[ dvweIAW bxwaux dy mwihr vYd jW kMpwaUfr ik`QoN Awey sn qy mgroN ivcwry ik`Qy cly gey sn?)[ ieh lyKk ieh swibq krnw cwhuMdy hn ik jy kr gurU jI cIck dy mrIzW ivc jw ky aunHW dI syvw nw krdy qW aunHW nUM cIck nw huuMdI[ pr aunHW dI ieh g`l vI shI nhIN hY ikauN ik iek pwsy qW auh gurU swihb nUM krwmwq vwlw, rumwl nwl kohV htwaux vwlw swibq krdy hn, pr dUjy pwsy auh gurU jI nUM ^ud nUM cIck dy Asr qoN nhIN bcwA skdy[ ieh AjIb khwxIAW hn[ s`c ieh hY ik gurU swihb iek ienswn sn qy aunHW dw ijsm vI bImwrI PYlx kwrn ies dy jrwsImW (virus) dy Asr hyT Aw igAw[
ies khwxI dw dUjw pihlU ieh hY ik ieh bRwhmxI-soc vwly lyKk bMglw swihb dy KUh dy pwxI nUM AKOqI-AMimRq bxw ky Asl AMimRq (gurbwxI) qoN is`KW nUM htw ky jwdU, krwmwq, mMqr vZYrw vl tornw cwhuMdy hn[ is`K Drm muqwibk iksy KUh, dirAw, bwaulI, srovr dw pwxI AKOqI piv`qrqw nhIN rKdw[ pwxIAW nUM piv`qr bxwaux dI cwl bRwhmx lyKkW v`loN ihMdUAW dy AKOqI ATsT (68) qIrQW dy pwxI dy Brm nwl joVn dI swizS dI iek kVI hY[ ieho ijhIAW keI hor JUTIAW khwxIAW hor gurU sihbwn bwry vI bRwhmx ilKwrIAW ny bxweIAW hoeIAW hn ijnHW rwhIN is`K gurUAW nUM krwmwqI, qWqirk, tUixAW vwly, srwp qy vr dyx vwly swibq krn dI swizS kIqI hoeI hY[
*iek nvyN ‘lyKk’ ny qW ieh vI iliKAw hY ik AOrMgzyb ny gurU hrikSn swihb nUM zihr ipAweI sI ijs nwl aunHW dI mOq ho geI (ies lyKk ny cIck vwlI g`l dw izkr hI nhIN kIqw)[
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)