gurU hirrwie swihb
gurU hirrwie swihb dw jnm bwbw guridqw Aqy mwqw ikSn kOr (Awp nUM mwqw AnMqI Aqy mwqw bsI vI iliKAw imldw hY) dy Gr 16 jnvrI 1630 dy idn kIrqpur swihb iv~c hoieAw sI[ (gurU) hirrwie swihb dw bcpn kIrqpur iv~c hI bIiqAw[ 1635 ivc gurU hirgoibMd swihb vI sdw vwsqy kIrqpur swihb Aw gey[ Awp Ajy 8 swl dy sn ik Awp dy ipqw bwbw guridqw jI cVHweI kr gey[ ies mgroN Awp ny Agly 9 swl dw smW Awpxy dwdw (gurU hirgoibMd swihb) jI dI sMgq ivc ibqwieAw[ iesy kr ky Awp dI S^sIAq iv~c gurU hirgoibMd swihb vwlIAW keI ^UbIAW imldIAW hn[ (gurU) hirrwie swihb ny muFlI ividAw BweI drgh m~l qoN hwisl kIqI[ ies smyN dOrwn m`tn (kSmIr) qoN BweI AVU rwm dq (ipqw BweI ikrpw rwm dq) vI keI vwr kIrqpur swihb Aw ky irhw krdy sn[ auh vI gurU hirrwie swihb nUM sMsikRq ivc ilKIAW purwxIAW ikqwbW dw igAwn idAw krdy sn[ purohq jwqI m~l vI Awp jI dy ausqwdW ivcoN iek sn[
ividAw dy nwl-nwl Awp ny Ssqr clwaux dI isKlweI vI hwisl kIqI[ qyrHW swl dI aumr qk Awp Ssqr Aqy Swsqr dohW dy mwihr ho cuky sn[ kIrqpur swihb Awaux vwlIAW sMgqW gurU hirgoibMd swihb dy nwl-nwl (gurU) hirrwie swihb dI sMgq vI kirAw krdIAW sn[ swrI sMgq Awp dI Azmq ‟qy hYrwn hoieAw krdI sI[ swirAW dw ivcwr sI ik gur-g~dI dy vwirs bxn dIAW ^UbIAW Awp ivc BrpUr sn[
gurU hirrwie swihb sUJ bUJ vwly Aqy jrnYl hox dy nwl-nwl bVy im~Ty, in~Gy, inmrqw vwly Aqy imhrbwn suBwA vwlI S^sIAq vI sn[ Awp dw suBw eynw koml sI ik iek vwr bwZ iv~c sYr kridAW Awp dy coly nwl AV ky iek Pu~l dIAW p~qIAW tu~t ky zmIn ‟qy Aw ifgIAW[ ies nwl Awp audws ho gey[ aus vyly Awp dy dwdw gurU hirgoibMd swihb vI Awp dy nyVy sn[ aunHW ny Awp nUM audws vyK ky ikhw ik p~qIAW muV ky Pu~l dy nwl nhIN lg skdIAW[ ies kr ky ienHW dw iPkr krn dI loV nhIN[ hW ies Gtnw nwl AgoN vDyry sMBl ky clx vwsqy ieSwrw zrUr imldw hY ik ijMnw v`fw colw pweIey EnI hI v`fI izMmydwrI qy sMBwl krnI pYNdI hY[
gurU hirrwie swihb ny ieh is~iKAw p~ly bMnH leI Aqy jdoN gurg~dI sMBwlI qW swrI izMdgI pMQk lihr dI izMmydwrI nUM zbq Aqy sUJ nwl clwieAw[ gurU hirrwie swihb Aksr AwiKAw krdy sn ik Pu~lW ivc vI jwn hY qy ienHW nUM qoVn dI bjwey ienHW dI ^UbsUrqI ‟coN vwihgurU dI mhwn b^iSs dw ivsmwdI AnMd lYxw cwhIdw hY[ auh “pwqI qorY mwilnI, pwqI pwqI jIau…” Sbd vI Aksr duhrwieAw krdy sn[
3 mwrc 1644 dy idn gurU hirgoibMd swihb ny joqI joiq smwaux qoN pihlW
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gurg~dI (gurU) hirrwie swihb nUM sONp idqI sI[ BwvyN Awp ny |
rsmI qOr qy |
ieh |
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syvw 3 mwrc 1644 nUM sONpI pr gurU hirgoibMd swihb ies dw |
ieSwrw iqMn |
swl |
pihlW, 27 &rvrI 1641 dy idn, hI kr cuky sn ikauNik aunHW ny (gurU) hir rwie swihb dIAW ^UbIAW cMgI qrHW smJ pCwx leIAW sn[ ies vyly gurU jI dI aumr isr& 14 swl sI[
1645 ivc jdoN kihlUr (iblwspur) irAwsq dy rwjw qwrw cMd ny Swhjhwn nUM kr (lgwn) dyxw bMd kr idqw qW 1055 ihjrI (sMn 1645) ivc muZl bwdSwh Swh jhwn dy hukm hyT imrzw Swhru^ dy puqr njwbq ^wn ny iblwspur ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw Aqy ies ‟qy kbzw kr ky qwrw cMd nUM igR&qwr kr ilAw[ aus nUM igR&qwr kr ky kYd ivc pw idqw[ mgroN gurU hir rwie swihb Qwpl (audoN isrmOr/nwh irAwsq, hux hirAwxw dw iek ipMf) cly gey qy 13 swl auQy rhy[gurU jI kol 2200 GoVy sn ijnHW dy crn vwsqy Qwpl qy ies dy duAwly dw jMgl bhuq munwisb jgh sI[ A`j vI ieh ielwkw jMglI dr^qW nwl BrpUr hY[ mgroN jd qwrw cMd ny tYks Adw kr id`qw qW aus nUM irhw kr id`qw igAw[ ieh g`l „dibsqwn-ie-mzwihb‟ dw lyKk maUbwd zuli&kwr ArdsqwnI (ijs nUM kuJ lok muhsn &wnI vI ilKdy rhy hn) ny (s&w 282 ‟qy) ilKI sI[ ArdsqwnI gurU hrgoibd swihb qy gurU hir rwie swihb jI nUM keI vwr imldw irhw sI qy aus dw gurU jI nwl ^qo-i^qwbq vI cldw rihMdw sI[ iblkul ieho kuJ hI (ArdsqwnI dI ikqwb dw hvwlw dy ky) SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI v`loN CpI ikqwb “ihstrI Aw& d is`Kz AYNf dyAr irlIjn”, ijld pihlI, s&w 189 (fw ikrpwl isMG qy KVk isMG v`loN sMpwidq kIqI) ‟qy iliKAw hoieAw hY[
rwm rwey, bIbI rUp kOr Aqy gurU hrikSn jI dw jnm
hor vI bhuq swry lyKkW ny vI gurU hir rwie swihb dy Qwpl ivc 13 swl rihx dw izkr kIqw hY[ ieMdU BUSn bnrjI (AYvolUSn Aw& d Kwlsw, ijld dUjI, s&w 48), fw gMfw isMG (ikqwb „mw^iz qvwrI^y is`KW‟, s&w 45), ^uSvMq isMG („ihstrI Aw& d is`Kz‟, ijld pihlI, s&w 64), kinMGm („ey ihstrI Aw& d is`Kz‟, s&w 55) ny vI gurU hir rwie swihb dy Qwpl ivc 13 swl rihx dw izkr kIqw hY[ kinMGm „Qwpl‟ ipMf nUM „tkswl‟ jW „tMgrwl‟ ipMf mMndw hY qy ilKdw hY ik ieh ksOlI dy nyVy hY (hwlW ik ksOlI dy nyVy vI tkswl jW tMgrwl nW dw koeI ipMf nhIN, hW „ktwl‟ nW dy do ipMf zrUr hn, pr auh isrmOr irAwsq ivc nhIN hn)[ auN\ purwxI isrmOr irAwsq ivc A`j vI Qwpl nW dy Gto-Gt do ipMf hn qy iek Qwplpur vI sI ijs dw nW hux Gutnpur hY[
so, ies swrw kuJ qoN koeI S`k nhIN rih jWdw ik gurU hr rwie swihb 1645 qoN 1657 qk Qwpl ipMf (isrmOr/nwhn irAwsq) ivc rhy sn[ ies kr ky gurU hr rwie swihb dy iqMnW b`icAW rwm rwie (24 &rvrI 1646), bIbI rUp kOr (9 ApRYl 1649) Aqy gurU hrikSn jI (17 julweI 1652) dw jnm Qwpl (isrmOr/nwhn irAwsq, iklHw lohgVH zon) dw hI bxdw hY[drAsl kuJ lyKkW kol 1645 qoN 1657 qk dI qvwrI^ nwl sbMDq sm`grI nw hox kr ky, Aqy Qwpl ipMf dw pqw nw lg skx kr ky aunHW ny, ibnw Koj kIiqEN hI, gurU hr rwie swihb dy b`icAW dw jnm kIrqpur ivc hoieAw hI ilK id`qw sI[ (ienHW ny qW gurU hrikSn jI dw jnm vI 1656 ivc ilK id`qw sI)[
gurU jI dI Qwpl qoN kIrqpur swihb vwpsI
gurU jI 26 swl dI aumr ivc 1657 ivc Qwpl qoN kIrqpur swihb vwips Awey qy ie`QoN auh pMjwb ivc v`K-v`K QWvW ‟qy Drm prcwr dy dOry ‟qy jWdy rhy[ auh 1659-60 dy kuJ mhIny kSmIr dy dOry ‟qy vI rhy qy 1660-61 dw smW auh kIrqpur ivc hI rhy[
kIrqpur Aw ky Awp ny iek iklHw bxvwieAw sI, ijs dw hux vjUd nhIN hY[ ies dw izkr gxySw isMG bydI ilKq „SSIbMs ibnod‟ ivc imldw hY[ svrUp isMG kOiSS (sMpwidq ig. grjw isMG qy ipAwrw isMG pdm) „gurU kIAW swKIAW‟ ivc swKI s`q qoN swKI 16 qk qy swKIAW 19 qy 21 Awid ivc vI kot grU hr rwie dw izkr AwauNdw hY[
kIrqpur ivc Awp ny iek ^UbsUrq bwZ vI lgvwieAw sI[ ies ivc Awp ny qrHW qrHW dy &l, &u~l qy jVHIAW-bUtIAW lgvweIAW[ iek irvwieq muqwibk Awp ihkmq Aqy dvweIAW bwry ^ud vI jwxkwrI rKdy sn (jo ik Awp ny Qwpl rihidAW hwisl kIqI sI) Aqy keI vYd vI Awp kol kIrqpur ivc rihx lg pey sn jo jVIAW bUtIAW dy bVy mwihr sn[ iek irvwieq muqwibk Awp dy bwg ivc pYdw hoeIAW jVHIAW bUtIAW dI vrqoN nwl hI Swhjhwn bwdSwh dy v~fy puqr dwrw iSkoh dI iek purwxI bImwrI TIk hoeI sI[
gurU hirrwie swihb dy Drm prcwr dOry
1657 ivc kIrqpur swihb muVn qoN mgroN gurU hirrwie swihb krqwrpur (jlMDr), goieMdvwl, frolI BweI (izlw mogw), kurUkSyqr Aqy keI hor bhuq swrIAW QWvW ‟qy gey sn[ ienHW dOirAW dOrwn auh mwJw, duAwbw Aqy mwlvw dy bhuq swry ipMfW ivc gey[ ienHW ivcoN bhuqIAW jgHw ‟qy aunHW dI Xwd ivc gurduAwry bxy hoey hn[ gurU swihb dy kuJ prcwr dOry ies qrHW jwpdy hn:
ienHW dOirAW dOrwn gurU swihb dw myl mMjIdwrW, msMdW Aqy keI Aihm is~K prvwrW nwl hoieAw ijnHW iv~c hyT ilKy vI Swiml sn: BweI ibMJU, ibMdw, gwjr qy GVIAw (ropV nyVy kotlw inhMg ^wn ivc), BweI suKIAw, cODrI sUd (nUrmihl ivc), BweI rUp cMd (ipMf BweI rUpw ivc), ikrpwl, ibDI cMd (jrnYl nhIN, dUjw), BweI qwrw qy gurdws (BweI bihlo dy pu`qr), ibhwrI (frolI BweI qy BweI rUpw ivc), zYd prwnw qy kOVy Aqy Bulr prvwr (nQwnw ivc), cODrI kwlw, sMdlI Aqy PUl (PUlkIAW bMs dw moFI) qy hor (mihrwj ivc), BweI sMgqIAw (mIAW kI mOV, lwhOr izlHw ivc), BweI sblw (jlwlpur j~tW ivc), BweI pdmw cOhwn, durgw dws cOhwn (dburjI audY krn vwlI ivc), BweI kIrqIAw (glotIAW Kurd ivc), BweI nMd lwl (dwdw vIr hkIkq isMG) qy purI prvwr (isAwlkot ivc), BweI m`Kx Swh lubwxw (motw tWfw ivc), BweI AVU rwm d`q (m`tn ivc), bIbI srsvqI qy BweI gOqm iCbr dw prvwr (kiVAwlw, izlHw ijhlm ivc) Aqy keI hor[
gurU hirrwie swihb krqwrpur (jlMDr) qW keI vwr gey sn[ krqwrpur ivcly gMgsr vwly KUh Aqy srovr nUM Awp ny hI p~kw krvwieAw sI[ krqwrpur ngr gurU Arjn swihb ny vswieAw sI Aqy ieh swrw ngr is~KW dI jwiedwd sI[ krqwrpur jwx smyN Awp &gvwVw, puAwdVw, nUrmihl, nkodr, sulqwnpur Aqy ies rUt dy keI ipMfW ivc gey Aqy sMgqW nUM drSn id~qy[ ies purwxI jrnYlI sVk ‟qy keI ipMfW iv~c gurduAwry bxy hoey hn[ duAwby dy ies ielwky qoN ielwvw Awp keI vwr mwlvy ivc vI gey[ mwlvy iv~c frolI (hux frolI BweI) Awp dy ipqw dI mwsI dw ipMf sI[ Awp dy ipqw bwbw gurid~qw jI dw jnm iesy ipMf iv~c 1608 ivc hoieAw sI[ frolI qoN ielwvw Awp BweI rUpw dy ipMf, nQwnw Aqy bwbw mihrwj dy bMnyH ipMf mihrwj ivc vI gey[ ies qoN ielwvw mogw qy zIrw ivc vI Awp ny sMgqW nUM drSn id~qy[ zIrw qoN Awp hrIky huMdy hoey qrnqwrn Aqy goieMdvwl gey sn[ goieMdvwl ivc qW Awp keI vwr gey sn qy auQy keI-keI h&qy rukdy vI sn[ Awp pMjwb dy hor ielwikAW qoN ielwvw jMmU Aqy kSmIr ivc vI gey sn[
gurU swihb dOlovwl (iek iklHw bxwieAw hoieAw sI), rweypur swnI, mlyV, bVUvwl, Swhpur Aqy cnOlI ivc vI Aksr jWdy rihMdy sn[ cnOlI ivc Awp ny Awpxy GoiVAW vwsqy iek v~fw Asqbl vI bxwieAw hoieAw sI[
prvwr
gurU hirrwie swihb dw ivAwh 14 jnvrI 1640 dy idn ArUp ngr (izlw gujrWvwlw) dy BweI dieAw rwm dI bytI sul~KxI nwl hoieAw sI[ Awp dy ivAwh vyly bIbI sulKxI dI aumr isr& 10 swl sI[ ies mgroN BweI dieAw rwm ArUp ngr C~f ky ipMf kot kilAwxpur (nyVy kIrqpur) Aw visAw[ bIbI sul`KxI dw muklwvw do swl bwAd, 16 jUn 1642 dy idn toirAw igAw sI[ ies qoN pOxy do swl mgroN gurU hirgoibMd swihb joqI-joiq smw gey Aqy Awp nUM gurg~dI sONp gey[ 3 mwrc 1644 dy idn jd Awp ny gurg~dI sMBwlI qW Awp dI aumr 14 swl 2 mhIny 13 idn sI[
gurU hirrwie swihb dI pqnI bIbI sul`KxI dy mwpy ikauNik kot kilAwxpur ivc rihx l~g pey sI, ies kr ky aus nUM „kot kilAwxI‟ vI AwKdy sn[ bIbI sul`KxI ny 24 PrvrI 1646 dy idn rwmrwie, 9 ApRYl 1649 dy idn rUp kOr Aqy 20 julweI 1652 dy idn (gurU) hirikSn swihb nUM jnm idqw[ iqMn b~icAW dI mW hox kr ky Awp nUM Awp dI s~s „iqrbYxI‟ AwK ky vI bulwieAw krdI sI[ ie`Qy ieh izkr krnw vI zrUrI hY ik iek do lyKkW ny Awp dy s~q ivAwh vI ilK id~qy hn, jo nw isr& glq hY blik hwsohIxw vI hY[ koeI vI bwp iek 10 swl dy bwl (gurU dI AOlwd hI shI) nwl s~q DIAW dw ivAwh nhIN kr skdw[ auN\ ieh nwmumikn vI hY[ ies ihswb nwl qW sB qoN CotI (sqvIN) kuVI qW Ajy god iv~c hI KyfdI hovygI[ is~K qvwrI^ iv~c AijhIAW Zlq g~lW keI QWeIN BrIAW peIAW hn[
dwrw iSkoh dI bZwvq qy gurU swihb
1657 iv~c id~lI qy Awgry dy qKq ‟qy muZl bwdSwh Swhjhwn bYTw hoieAw sI[ Swhjhwn cwhuMdw sI ik aus mgroN aus dw sB qoN v~fw pu~qr dwrw iSkoh muZl slqnq dw bwdSwh bxy[ dUjy pwsy Swhjhwn dw dUjw bytw AOrMgzyb vI q^q ‟qy kbzw krnw cwhuMdw sI[ AOrMgzyb cwlwk qW sI hI qy aus ny q^q hwisl krn vwsqy pihlW qoN hI soc riKAw sI, ies kr ky aus ny bhuq swrI injI v&wdwrI vwlI &Oj vI iqAwr kIqI hoeI sI[ aus ny jYpur Aqy joDpur dy rwjpUq rwijAW nwl vI gMF-sMF kIqI hoeI sI qy auh vI aus dI mdd krn vwsqy iqAwr bYTy sn[ jd Swhjhwn ny dwrw iSkoh nUM Awpxw vwirs AYlwn kr idqw qW AOrMgzyb &Oj lY ky q^q ‟qy kbzw krn vwsqy cl ipAw[ aus dI lVweI Awpxy bwp dI &Oj (ijs dI kmwn dwrw iSkoh kol sI) nwl hoeI[ 29 meI 1657 dy idn SwmUgV ivc hoeI lVweI ivc AOrMgzyb dIAW &OjW nUM ijq hwisl hoeI[ dwrw iSkoh hwr ky lwhOr v~l dOV igAw[ dwrw iSkoh dI hwr nwl Swhjhwn dw idl tu~t igAw[ ies dy nwl hI AOrMgzyb ny Awpxy bwp nUM kYd vI kr id`qw[ kYd ivc auh sdw vwsqy ibsqry ‟qy hI pY igAw[ 6 sqMbr 1657 dy idn aus nUM iek mwnisk bImwrI ny Gyr ilAw[ (Swhjhwn dI mOq 9 swl mgroN, 1666 ivc, AOrMgzyb dI kYd ivc hI hoeI sI)[
lwhOr ivc jwx vyly dwrw iSkoh pihlI julweI 1658 dy idn ibAws dirAw dy kMFy ‟qy pujw[ aus vyly gurU hirrwie swihb vI goieMdvwl ivc hI sn[ aunHW nwl 2200 GoVsvwr Aqy sYNkVy hor &OjI vI sn[ dwrw iSkoh ny aunHW qoN mdd mMgI[ dwrw iSkoh dy gurU swihb nwl pihlW qoN hI bVy nyVly sMbMD sn[ aunHW aus dI mdd krn dw XkIn dvwieAw[ 3 julweI nUM dwrw iSkoh lwhOr puj igAw[ auDr AOrMgzyb dI &Oj, jYpur dy rwjw jY isMh imrzw dI AgvweI hyT mwro-mwr krdI hoeI dwrw iSkoh dw ip~Cw kr rhI sI[ AOrMgzyb dI ByjI &Oj ny goieMdvwl dy p~qx qoN ibAws dirAw pwr krnw sI[ gurU hirrwie swihb ny dirAw dIAW swrIAW byVIAW nUM lihMdy pwsy v~l rokI r~iKAw[ ies kr ky AOrMgzyb dIAW &OjW nUM dirAw pwr krn iv~c kw&I dyr l~g peI[ gurU swihb dw iKAwl sI ik ies dOrwn dwrw iSkoh AwpxI qwkq vDw leygw Aqy AOrMgzyb dI &Oj nUM hrw skygw[ dwrw iSkoh fyF mhInw lwhOr irhw[ pr auh AOrMgzyb dI &Oj dw mukwblw krn vwsqy iqAwr nw ho sikAw[ jd aus nUM ieh pqw lgw ik AOrMgzyb dI &Oj dI AgvweI rwjpUqW kol hY qW aus dy hOsly hor vI ifg pey[ 18 Agsq nUM auh lwhOr qoN mulqwn v~l dOV igAw[ 19 Agsq nUM AOrMgzyb dI &Oj ny lwhOr qy kbzw kr ilAw[
gurU hirrwie swihb ny dwrw iSkoh nUM &OjI mdd dw vwAdw kIqw hoieAw sI[ pr jd aunHW vyiKAw ik dwrw iSkoh ivc jMg dI jurAq nhIN qW Awp ny &Oj nUM vwips kIrqpur swihb Byj idqw[ gurU swihb dw AMdwzw TIk inkilAw[ dwrw iSkoh sihm Aqy kmzorI kwrn lVweI krnoN B~j igAw qy mgroN igR&qwr ho igAw[ AOrMgzyb dy hukmW hyT 30-31 Agsq 1659 dy idn aus dw isr k~t ky aus nUM ^qm kr idqw igAw[
AOrMgzyb BwvyN 21 julweI 1658 dy idn hI q^q ‟qy bYT igAw sI pr aus ny dwrw iSkoh nUM jwnoN mwr mukwaux qk Awpxy Awp nUM mih&Uz nw smiJAw[ dwry dy kql mgroN AOrMgzyb ny hr aus S^s nUM igR&qwr krnw SurU kr idqw ijs ny dwrw iSkoh nwl KwlI hmdrdI vI kIqI sI[ AOrMgzyb ny ienHW swirAW nUM szwvW idqIAW[ pr, ienHW ivcoN keI Aijhy vI sn ijnHW qoN aus ny isr& v&wdwrI dI ksm lY ky C~f idqw[ AOrMgzyb nUM ienHW idnW ivc hI gurU hirrwie swihb dy i^lw& iSkwieq vI imlI[ aus ny gurU swihb nUM vI drbwr ivc bulwaux dw &Yslw kIqw[
ies vyly gurU hirrwie swihb kIrqpur swihb qy goieMdvwl swihb qoN huMdy hoey ipMf jlwlpur j~tW gey hoey sn[ 1659 dIAW swrIAW grmIAW Aqy brswqW dw smW (cumwsw), julweI qoN AkqUbr qk, Awp jlwlpur j~tW ksby ivc hI rhy[ ie`Qy BweI sblw ny Awp jI nUM bVy ipAwr Aqy Adb nwl riKAw[ cwry mhIny gurU swihb ies ngr iv~c dIvwn sjWdy rhy Aqy sMgqW Awp jI dI isiKAw suxn hwzr huMdIAW rhIAW[ AkqUbr 1659 iv~c dburjI audYkrn vwlI (izlw isAwlkot) dw BweI pdmw cOhwn Awp jI nUM Awpxy ipMf lY igAw[ BweI pdmw cOhwn, aus dw Brw durgwdws qy aunHW dy ipqw kOljI dws, gurU hirgoibMd swihb dy vyly vI drbwrI is~KW iv~c Swiml sn; Aqy gurU swihb ny ies prvwr nUM is~K Drm dy prcwr vwsqy mMjI b^SI hoeI sI[ do ku mhIny BweI pdmw cOhwn dy Gr rihx mgroN Awp glotIAW Kurd dy BweI kIrqIAw dy Gr Aw gey[ hux BweI kIrqIAw dw Gr is~K sMgqW dw sYNtr bx igAw[ Agly iqMn mhIny gurU swihb ieQy drbwr sjWdy Aqy sMgqW nUM is`iKAw dyNdy rhy[ mwrc 1660 iv~c isAwlkot ngr dw BweI nMd lwl purI (ShId vIr hkIkq isMG dw dwdw) gurU jI nUM Awpxy Gr lY igAw[ qkrIbn fyF mhInw gurU hirrwie swihb pMjwb dI ies purwxI rwjDwnI iv~c rhy[ eyQy sMgqW dUr-dUr qoN gurU swihb dy drSnW nUM AwauNdIAW rhIAW[
ApRYl dy SurU ivc BweI m~Kx Swh lubwxw, jo kSmIr dw iek v~fw vpwrI sI, isAwlkot AwieAw[ aus ny gurU hir rwie swihb dy drSn kIqy qy gurU swihb nUM kSmIr dIAW sMgqW nUM drSn dyx vwsqy Arz kIqI[ gurU swihb aus dI Arz mMn ky aus dy kw&ly dy nwl isAwlkot qoN sRIngr v~l cl pey[ 20 ApRYl 1660 dy idn Awp sRIngr ivc sn[ sRIngr qoN Awp mtn huMdy hoey ipMf tWfw lubwxw (ijs nUM iek v~fw ipMf hox kr ky motw tWfw vI kihMdy sn) vI gey Aqy BweI m~Kx Swh lubwxw dy Gr rhy[ aunHW dy huMidAW hI BweI m~Kx Swh dy ipqw BweI dwsw cVHweI kr gey[ aunHW dw sskwr gurU hirrwie swihb ny Awpxy h`QIN kIqw[ ieQoN Awp AKnUr, jMmU, rwmgVH, iKrVI, sWbw Aqy pTwnkot huMdy hoey kIrqpur pu~jy[
29 mwrc 1661 dy idn rwjw jY isMh imrzw dw dIvwn prs rwm kIrqpur pu~jw qy AOrMgzyb v~loN drbwr iv~c bulwey jwx dw pYZwm idqw[ gurU swihb ny Awp bwdSwh kol jwx dI bjwie Awpxy v~fy pu`qr rwmrwie nUM dIvwn dy nwl id~lI Byj idqw[ aus nUM “zmwnq” dy qOr ‟qy ByijAw igAw sI[ gurU hirrwie swihb ny rwmrwie dy nwl dIvwn drgh m~l, BweI ibMnw a~upl, BweI drIAw prmwr qy
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BweI bihlo dw pu`qr gurdws vI Byjy[ |
aunHW dy |
h`Q |
(gurU) gRMQ swihb dw iek srUp |
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vI ByijAw igAw[ rwmrwey ApRYl dy |
pihly |
h&qy |
id~lI pu~jw qy cMdrwvl KyVw |
(mOjUdw mjnUM it`lw) ipMf ivc TihrwieAw[ kuJ idn mgroN AOrMgzyb ny rwmrwie nUM drbwr ivc bulwieAw[ AOrMgzyb ny rwmrwie nUM rwjw jY isMh imrzw dy fyry ivc (iek qrHW nwl nzrbMd kr ky) Byj id`qw[
rwmrwie nUM AOrMgzyb dy bulwvy ‟qy aus drbwr ivc hwzrI dyxI ipAw krdI sI[ iek vwr aus ny AOrMgzyb nUM ^uS krn dI koiSS ivc gurbwxI dI iek quk dy mwAny (ArQ) vI bdl ky suxwey[ aus ny “im`tI muslmwn kI pYVy peI GuimAwr…” vwly Sbd dy ArQ krn l`igAW „muslmwn‟ dI QW „byeImwn‟ l&z pw idqw[ AOrMgzyb nUM ieh cwplUsI psMd Aw geI qy aus ny rwmrwie nUM SwbwS idqI[ ies qoN ^uS ho ky AOrMgzyb ny rwmrwie nUM ^Ub eInwm idqw[
jdoN rwmrwie dI ies hrkq dw pqw gurU hir rwie swihb jI nUM lgw qW aunHW ny rwmrwie nUM mUMh nw lwaux dw AYlwn kr idqw[ aunHW aus nUM pYZwm Byj idqw ik auh hux kIrqpur v~l nw Awvy[ ies ‟qy rwmrwie kIrqpur Awaux dI bjwie pihlW qW lwhOr clw igAw Aqy jd is~KW ny aus nUM Adb nw idqw qW auh v~K-v~K QWvW qoN huMdw hoieAw vwips id~lI clw igAw[ AOrMgzyb ny aus nwl hoey slUk nUM swhvyN r~K ky aus nUM dUn dy ielwky ivc Kurv`DI qy Cy hor ipMfW dI jwgIr dy idqI qy nwl hI srkwr v~loN rozInw (roz idqI jwx vwlI rkm) vI nIAq kr idqw[ iek somy muqwibk ieh rkm 500 rupY roz sI (jo shI nhIN jwpdI ikauN ik audoN qW 5 rupY rozInw vI bVI v`fI rkm sI)[
gurU hir rwie swihb ny ies g~l nUM hor vI mwVw AwiKAw qy rwm rwie nwl iblkul sbMD Kqm kr ley[ 6 AkqUbr 1661 dy idn aunHW ny Awpxy in`ky byty (gurU) hrikSn swihb nUM gurg~dI soNp idqI Aqy kIrqpur swihb ivc joqI joiq smw gey[ joqI-joiq smwaux qoN pihlW Awp ny (gurU) hirikSn swihb nUM p~kw kIqw ik auh AOrMgzyb jW iksy vI hwkm nwl kdy vI AsUlW dw smJOqw nw krn[ gurU hirrwie swihb dw sskwr sqluj dirAw dy kMFy mOjUdw pqwlpurI gurduAwry vwlI QW ‟qy kIqw igAw[
gurU hirrwie swihb ny 17 swl 7 mhIny qy 3 idn gurg~dI dI syvw kIqI[ Awp dI kul aumr BwvyN isr& 31 swl qy pMj mhIny hI sI[ pr ikauNik Awp ny AwpxI aumr dy pihly swl vDyry kr ky dwdw, gurU hirgoibMd swihb jI, dI sMgq ivc ibqwey sn[ ies kr ky Awp nUM is`K &ls&w, is`K jIvn-jwc Aqy gurmiq dw BrpUr ielm hwisl sI[ Awp ny igAwn qy Ssqr ividAw dy nwl-nwl ihkmq ivc vI mhwrq hwisl kIqI sI[
gurU hirrwie swihb ny kuJ mugl SihzwidAW Aqy rwjpUq rwijAW dy srdwrW nwl vI bVI nyVqw kwiem kIqI hoeI sI[ hor qW hor muZl bwdSwh Swhjhwn dw v`fw pu`qr dwrw iSkoh vI Awp dy murIdW ivc Swiml sI[
Awp ny iek v~fI &Oj nUM vI AgvweI idqI[ Awp dI &Oj ivc 2200 GoV svwr Aqy bhuq swry pYdl &OjI vI sn[ ienHW &OjIAW ivc hornW qoN ielwvw BweI mnI rwm (mgroN BweI mnI isMG), aunHW dy do Brw BweI idAwl dws (ShId 11 dsMbr 1675), BweI jyTw Aqy ShId BweI suKIAw mWfn dy puqr qy poqy vI Swiml sn[ pr Awp ny kdy vI iksy vI mOky ‟qy Awp lVweI krn dI pihl nhIN kIqI[ gurU swihb cwhuMdy sn ik pihlW is~K kOm nUM suc~jy FMg nwl jQybMd kIqw jwey qW jo auh iek v~fI kOmI qwkq bx skx[ pr ies ip~Cy gurU hirrwie swihb dw inSwnw muglW qoN hkUmq Koh ky is~KW nUM srkwr sONpxw nhIN sI[ pihlW vI gurU hirgoibMd swihb v~loN iksy ‟qy vI, kdy vI, koeI hmlw nhIN sI kIqw igAw[ aunHW dIAW swrIAW lVweIAW hmlwvrW qoN is~KW nUM bcwaux vwsqy sn[ „dibsqwny-mzwihb‟ dy lyKk dI gvwhI hY ik auh qW if&YNs vyly vI gu~sy ivc jW bdly dI soc nwl qW ikrpwn vI nhIN sn vrqdy[
gurU hirrwie swihb ny Awpxy kwl ivc is~K Drm dw bhuq pRcwr qy pRswr kIqw[ bhuq swry rwjpUq, (^ws kr ky lubwxy, Xwdv, prmwr — jo vxjwry sn), KqrI qy j~t Awp dI &Oj dw Aqy is~K-BweIcwry dw ih~sw bxy[ Awp ny v~K-v~K ielwikAW ivc is~K sMgqW dy AwpsI sbMDW nUM jQybMd kIqw ijs nwl is~K BweIcwrw iek in~Gy irSqy ivc proieAw igAw[ Awp vyly is~K Drm dy prcwr dy 360 qoN vD kyNdr kwiem ho cu~ky sn[ ienHW swirAW kyNdrW dy muKI mMjIdwr Aqy msMd Aksr gurU swihb dy drbwr ivc Swiml huMdy rihMdy sn[ Awp dy vyly audwsIAW dw bhuqw ih~sw vI is~KI nwl juV igAw Aqy auh vI is~KI dy prcwr qy prswr ivc Aihm rol Adw krdy rhy[ bwbw Almsq, bwlU hsnw, suQrw Swh, Bgq gIr (Bgq Bgvwn) Awp dy muKI pRcwrkW ivc Swiml sn[ iek irvwieq muqwibk Awp vyly iqMn b^iSSW (ijhVIAW mMjIAW qoN v~fw drjw rKdIAW sn) ny prcwr ivc Aihm rol Adw kIqw[ iek irvwiq muqwibk BweI sMgqIAw (puqr BweI ibMnw au~pl) nUM vI mMjI imlI hoeI sI[ BweI sMgqIAw, drAsl, gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy vyly is~KI prcwr ivc Swiml hoieAw sI qy auh „BweI PyrU‟ vjoN vDyry jwixAw jWdw sI[ gurU hir rwie swihb vyly is~K Drm prcwr sYNtr mwJw, mwlvw, duAwbw, bwrW qy kSmIr ivc hI nhIN blik id~lI, mOjUdw XU.pI., ibhwr, bMgwl qy Aswm ivc vI kwiem ho cu~ky sn[ „dibsqwn mzwihb‟ dy lyKk muqwibk koeI AYsw ksbw jW ipMf nhIN sI ijs ivc is`K nhIN sn rihMdy[ ieh Awp dw suc~jw jQybMdk ieMqzwm hI sI ik gurU hrikSn swihb Aqy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb v~loN pMjwb, kSmIr qy kwbl vgYrw ivc prcwr dOrw nw kr skx dy bwvjUd vI ienHW ielwikAW dy is~K, msMdW qy sMgqW rwhIN, gurU Gr nwl pUrI qrHW juVy rhy[ 31 swl dI in~kI-jhI aumr ivc joqI-joiq smw jwx dy bwvjUd Awp ny is~K qvwrI^ ivc Aihm rol Adw kIqw[
(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)