gurU Arjn swihb
Bin mQrw, mUriq sdw, iQru lwie icqu, snmuK rhhu [
kljuig jhwju, Arjn gurU, sgl isRist ligib qrhu [
jpHau ijn Arjn, dyv gurU, iPir sMkt, join grB, n AwXau[ (mQrw B`t)
q^q bYTw Arjn gurU, siqgur kw iKvY cMdoAw [
augvxh qy AwQvxhu, chu ckI kIAnu loAw [ (s`qw qy blvMf)
gurU Arjn swihb dw jnm 13 ApRYl 1553 dy idn mwqw BwnI Aqy BweI jyTw (mgroN gurU rwm dws swihb) dy Gr goieMdvwl ivc hoieAw[ (ies vyly qk gurU rwm dws swihb dw nW BweI jyTw sI ikauN ik aunHW Ajy gurg`dI dI syvw nhIN sMBwlI sI)[ gurU Arjn swihb gurU rwm dws swihb dy iqMnW puqrW ivcoN sB qoN Coty sn[
gurU Arjn swihb dw bcpn goieMdvwl ivc Awpxy ipqw gurU rwm dws swihb Aqy nwnw gurU Amr dws swihb dI sMgq ivc guzirAw[ ies kr ky aunHW AMdr ipqw jI Aqy nwnw jI vwlIAW swrIAW ^UbIAW dw sMcwr huMdw irhw[ syvw, isAwxp, ieMqzwm dy gux is`Kx dy nwl-nwl gurU Arjn swihb ny hr qrHW dI qwlIm vI hwisl kIqI[ aunHW ny swrI gurbwxI, BgqW dI bwxI qy &ls&y dIAW ijMnIAW vI ikqwbW gurU Amr dws swihb kol mOjUd sn, swrIAW pVH leIAW[ ieMj swFy XwrHW swl dI aumr ivc hI swihbzwdw Arjn iek kmwl dy nOjvwn bx cuky sn[
pihlI sqMbr 1574 dy idn gurU Amr dws swihb joqI-joiq smw gey qy gurg`dI dI syvw gurU rwm dws swihb nUM sONp gey[ ies qoN CyqI hI bwAd gurU rwm dws swihb gurU dw c`k (AMimRqsr) Aw gey qy nwl hI 11 swl dy swihbzwdw Arjn vI[ gurU dw c`k Aw ky (gurU) Arjn (swihb) ny ipqw nwl rl ky ngr dI auswrI qy plwinMg ivc vD cVH ky ih`sw pwieAw[ aunHW nUM ies dw qjrbw gurU Amr dws swihb dI sMgq qoN hoieAw sI ijnHW nUM aunHW ny goieMdvwl ngr dI plwinMg vyly ivcwrW Aqy kMm krdy keI vwr vyiKAw suixAw sI[ ies qrHW gurU Arjn swihb CotI aumr qoN hI gurU drbwr, is`K ngr (gurU dw c`k) qy swrIAW pMQk kwrvweIAW ivc vD cVH ky ih`sw lYNdy rhy sn, qy iek izMmydwr S^s bx cuky sn[
Awp Ajy Coty hI sn ik Awp dy nwnw gurU Amr dws swihb Awp dI kuVmweI maU (mO) ipMf (qihsIl i&lOr, izlHw jlMDr) dy BweI ikSn cMd sUrI dI bytI rwm dyeI nwl hI kr gey sn[ pr Awp dI SwdI dI rsm 20 jUn 1579 dy idn pUrI kIqI geI sI[ pr keI swl AwpxI ishq ^rwb rihx kwrn mwqw rwm dyeI ibsqr nwl hI b`J gey ies kr ky aunHW ny bwbw bu`Fw jI nUM bzurg jwx ky gurU swihb kol ByijAw Aqy dUjw ivAwh krvwaux vwsqy zor pwieAw[ pihlW qW gurU swihb ny nWh kIqI pr mwqw rwm dyeI Aqy bwbw bu`Fw jI dy vwr-vwr zor dyx ’qy aunHW nUM hW krnI peI[ Awp dw dUjw ivAwh 19 jUn 1589 dy idn lwhOr dy BweI sMgq rwE dI bytI (mwqw) gMgw nwl hoieAw (mwqw gMgw ny rwm dyeI dI bhuq syvw kIqI pr auh TIk nw ho sky qy CyqI hI cVHweI kr gey)[ gurU hirgoibMd swihb dw jnm bwbw bu`Fw dy vr nwl hox dI (JUTI) khwxI iesy Gtnw ivcoN GVI geI jwpdI hY ies ivAwh ivcoN 19 jUn 1590 dy idn (gurU) hirgoibMd swihb dw jnm hoieAw sI[ kuJ lyKk Awp dw jnm 1595 ivc mMndy hn, jo shI nhIN hY[
ieh kihxw ik gurU Arjn swihb bwbw bu`Fw nUM (gurU hrgoibMd swihb dy jnm dw ‘vr’ dyx dw) ‘mwx dyxw’ cwhuMdy sn dw mqlb ieh inkldw hY ik gurU Arjn swihb Awp gurbwxI ’qy XkIn nhIN krdy sn qy bwbw bu`Fw nUM gurU gRMQ swihb dI isiKAw dy ault ‘vr dyx vwlw’ (qy auh vI gurU swihb nUM vr dyx vwlw) swibq krnw cwhuMdy sn[ ies khwxI muqwibk qW gurU swihb nUM gurU gRMQ swihb dI isiKAw dy ault kwrvweI krdw d`isAw igAw hY[ (suxn nUM suhxIAW jwpx vwlIAW, pr gurU-inMdw dIAW qy gurbwxI-ivroDI ieho ijhIAW bhuq swrIAW khwxIAW, bRwhmx qy hor is`K-ivroDI lyKkW ny GVIAW hoeIAW hn)[
gurU Arjn swihb nUM gurg`dI sMBwlx mgroN bhuq swry msilAW nwl do-cwr hoxw ipAw[ sB qoN v`fw mslw sI aunHW dy v`fy Brw ipRQI cMd dIAW swizSW[ gurU Arjn swihb nUM gurg`dI sONpy jwx ’qy aunHW dw
v`fw Brw ipRQI cMd bhuq hI AOKw sI[ Gr ivc v`fw hox kwrn, gurU rwmdws swihb dy huMidAW hI aus ny bhuq swry is`KW nwl bVy sbMD bxwey hoey sn[ auh Awpxy Awp lMgr dw ieMcwrj bixAw hoieAw sI[ gurU rwm dws swihb dy joqI-joiq smwaux mgroN gurU Arjn swihb nUM gurU drbwr dI swrI syvw vI iek`ilAW krnI pY rhI sI ikauN ik BweI gurdws Awgrw gey hoey sn qy bwbw bu`Fw vI aunHIN idnIN gurU dw c`k ivc nhIN sn[ ies hwlq ivc ipRQI cMd ny swizS rc ky gurU dw lMgr dI swrI rsd bwhro-bwhr Awp kbzy ivc lYxI SurU kr idqI[ ieM\ hI aus ny lMgr dI mwieAw vI sMBwlxI SurU kr idqI[ lMgr ikauN ik sMgqW dIAW Bytw nwl hI cldw sI ies kr ky lMgr dI hwlq hOlI-hOlI kmzor hox lg peI[ A^Ir gurU Arjn sihb nUM vI ies dw pqw lg igAw, pr ies dy bwvjUd aunHW cup hI DwrI r`KI[ Cy kU mhIny mgroN jd BweI gurdws jI vwips gurU dw c`k muV Awey qW aunHW nUM pUrI hwlq dw pqw ligAw[ aunHW ny bwbw bu`Fw, BweI swhlo, BweI pYVw, BweI jyTw Aqy hor sMjIdw is`KW nUM gurU dw c`k bulw ByijAw[ aunHW ny iek`T kr ky PYslw kIqw ik sMgqW nUM ipRQI cMd dIAW krqUqW bwry jwxkwrI idqI jwvy[ bwbw bu`Fw, BweI gurdws qy coxvyN is`K v`K-v`K ielwikAW ivc gey qy aunHW ny sMgqW nUM ipRQI cMd dI swizS bwry ^brdwr kIqw[ ies dy nwl hI aunHW gurU dw c`k nUM Awaux vwly rsiqAW ’qy muKI is`KW nUM ibTw idqw qW jo ipRQI cMd qy aus dy swQI is`K sMgqW nUM DoKw nw dy skx[ ies nwl gurU drbwr Aqy gurU dy lMgr dw kMm Pyr vDIAw ho igAw[ hux ipRQI cMd ny srkwrI AihlkwrW nUM BVkw ky qy bRwhmxW nUM v`FI dy ky gurU sihb Aqy is`KW dy i^lw& JUTIAW A&vwhW qy iSkwieqW krnIAW SurU kr idqIAW qW jo gurU swihb nUM muSiklW ivc pwieAw jw sky[
ipRQI cMd dw sB qoN v`fw muhrw iek muZl jrnYl sulhI ^wn sI[ ipRQI cMd v`loN kMn Brn Aqy irSvq imlx mgroN auh gurU dw c`k ’qy hmlw krn vwsqy iqAwr ho igAw[ pr ies qoN pihlW ik auh gurU dw c`k phuMcdw rsqy ivc hI GoVy dy bykwbU hox ’qy iek bldy B`Ty ivc ifg ky auh ijaUNdw sV ky mr igAw (iek muslmwn vwsqy A`g ivc ijaUNdy sV ky mrnw bVI v`fI bdiksmqI mMinAw jWdw hY)[ pr ipRQI cMd Ajy vI nw smiJAw[ hux aus ny sulhI ^wn dy BqIjy sulBI ^wn nUM nwl gMiFAw[ aus dI mOq gurU dw c`k vl &Oj lY ky AwauNidAW, Awpxy hI iek ispwhI nwl JgVw hox kwrn, rwh ivc hI ho geI[ ipRQI cMd ny ies dy bwvjUd vI AwpxIAW hrkqW nw C`fIAW qy mrn qk swizSW krdw irhw[
aus ny 1585 ivc Akbr dy iek vzIr mhyS cMdr B`t nwl vI gMF-sMF kIqI[ (mhyS cMdr B`t nUM ‘bIrbl’ dy nW nwl vI Xwd kIqw jWdw hY[ ieh bIrbl auhI sI ijhVw Akbr dI rwjpUq bIvI, jo joDpur dy ihMdU-rwjpUq rwjy dI DI sI, nwl ‘dwj’ ivc AwieAw sI)[ ipRQI cMd ny aus rwhIN vI gurU Arjn swihb nUM muSikl ivc pwaux dI koiSS kIqI[ aunHIN idnIN Akbr ny bIrbl nUM id`lI qoN srh`dI sUby dI muihMm ’qy Byj idqw[ srh`dI sUby ivc pTwxW ny bZwvq kIqI hoeI sI[ id`lI qoN kUc krn qoN pihlW bIrbl ny Akbr qoN ieh prvwnw lY ilAw ik auh rsqy ivc swry KqrIAW qoN tYks vsUl kr skygw, ijs nwl aus dI muihMm dw ^rcw inkl Awey[ ipRQI cMd dI swizS sdkw, jd auh goieMdvwl dy p`qx qoN lMG irhw sI qW aus ny Awpxy eylcI gurU dw c`k ivc Byjy qy gurU swihb nUM tYks dyx vwsqy ikhw[ gurU swihb ny aunHW nUM jvwb idqw ik is`K ihMdU nhIN hn qy nw hI is`KW ivc zwq-pwq huMdI hY, ies kr ky KqrIAW vwlw tYks is`KW ’qy lwgU nhIN huMdw[ ienHW eylcIAW ny bIrbl nUM gurU swihb dy jvwb bwry disAw qW aus ny Amwnq ^wn dI srW qoN Awpxy eylcI dobwrw Byj ky gurU swihb nUM DmkI idqI ik jW qW tYks idE jW mYN vwpsI ’qy hmlw kr idAWgw[ pr bIrbl pTwxW nwl lVweI ivc &rvrI 1586 ivc mwirAw igAw[ ieM\ ipRQI cMd dI ieh swizS vI nwkwm rhI[ ies qoN kuJ icr mgroN hI Akbr ny ZYr-muslmwnW nwl sulh-kul pwilsI vrqxI SurU kr idqI qy iek nvW AkIdw (Drm) “dIn-ie-ielwhI” vI SurU kIqw ijs nwl ZYr-muslmwnW nUM kuJ rwhq mihsUs hoeI[ ies nwl ipRQI cMd dIAW swizSW vI iek vwr qW ruk geIAW qy auh Awpxy shuirAW dy ipMf hyr (izlHw lwhOr) clw igAw[
gurU swihb dI ngr auswrI klw
gurU Arjn swihb ny 1581 ivc gurg`dI dI syvw sMBwlI sI[ kuJ swl qW aunHW nUM ipRQI cMd dIAW swizSW dw mukwblw krnw ipAw[ jd aus dIAW swizSW bynkwb ho geIAW qW gurU swihb ny pMQk syvw nUM jQybMdk qrIky nwl ivaUNqxw SurU kr idqw[ aunHW ny 1586 ivc AMimRqsr srovr nUM p`ikAW krvwieAw[ do
swl mgroN sMqoKsr srovr vI p`kw ho igAw[ 3 jnvrI 1588 dy idn Awp ny AMimRqsr srovr ivc drbwr sihb dI nINh r`KI (mgroN au~nIvIN sdI ivc iek swzSI muslmwn ilKwrI bUty Swh ny ieh pRcwr kIqw ik drbwr swihb dI nINh sweIN mIAW mIr ny r`KI sI[ keI bysmJ is`K lyKkW ny vI ies AYNtI-is`K pRwpygMfy nUM A`KW mIt ky kbUl kr ilAw[ bUty Swh qoN pihlW iksy vI is`K somy ivc mIAW mIr dw izkr qk nhIN hY)[
1590 ivc Awp ny qrn qwrn srovr dI putweI SurU kIqI[ 1592 ivc Awp ny gurU dI vfwlI ipMf dy nyVy iek Cy hrtW vwlw KUh lvwieAw qW jo lokW dw pwxI dw mslw h`l kIqw jw sky[ hux ies QW ’qy vsI hoeI AwbwdI dw nW hI Cyhrtw swihb hY[ 1593 ivc Awp ny krqwrpur (jlMDr) dI nINh r`KI[ 1597 ivc Awp ny ipMf ruhIlw dI Qyh ’qy goibMdpur (hux hirgoibMdpur) ngr dI nINh r`KI[ 1599 ivc Awp ny lwhOr (gurU rwm dws swihb jI dy jnm AsQwn cUnw mMfI) ivc iek bwaulI bxvweI[ gurU dw c`k ivc sMgqW dI AwvwjweI vD jwx kr ky lokW dy ieSnwn dw mslw h`l krn vwsqy 1602 ivc Awp ny rwmsr srovr (gurU dw c`k dw qIjw srovr) iqAwr krvwieAw[ ieMj hI ipMf Gu`kyvwlI ivc iek bwg vI luAwieAw (ijs nUM hux ‘gurU dw bwZ’ ikhw jWdw hY qy 1922 ivc ies dI AwzwdI vwsqy morcw vI lgw sI)[ Xwin qkrIbn 15 swl lgwqwr Awp ngr, srovr, bwaulIAW bxwauNdy rhy Aqy Aijhy keI hor prwjYkt isry cwVHdy rhy[
lok syvw dy hor keI pRwjYkt
gurU swihb ny ngr vswaux dy nwl-nwl lok syvw dy hor keI pRwjYkt vI nypry cwVHy[ gurU swihb ny keI ielwikAW ivc pwxI dI ik`lq dUr krn vwsqy KUh Aqy bwaulIAW bxvweIAW[ ieMj hI Awp ny qrn qwrn ivc kohVIAW dw AwSrm vI bxvwieAw ij`Qy kohVIAW dw ielwj vI huMdw sI Aqy aunHW nUM rotI-pwxI qy irhwieS dI shUlq vI hwisl sI[ iek vwr 1595 ivc n`ky dy ielwky (rwvI qy JnW dy ivckwr) kwl pYx ’qy aunHW ny aus ielwky ivc keI QweIN lMgr vI clwey qy lokW dI bVI mdd kIqI [ gurU swihb Aksr ielwky dy ipMfW dw dOrw kirAw krdy sn qy lokW qoN aunHW dIAW muSiklW sux ky aunHW dw h`l k`Fx ivc mdd idAw krdy sn[ gurU swihb qkrIbn A`T mhIny ies ielwky ivc rhy Aqy lokW dI h`QIN mdd krdy rhy[ ienHW idnW ivc hI (1598 ivc) muZl bwdSwh Akbr lwhOr AwieAw[ auh rsqy ivc goieMdvwl vI ruikAw qy gurU swihb dw SukrIAw kIqw[ aus ny gurU swihb dy kihx ’qy ikswnW dw kuJ ih`sy mwlIAw vI muAw& kr idqw[ gurU swihb dI ieh syvw hI sI ijs kwrn swrw mwJw ielwkw, jo pihlW sKI srvr, gu`gy qy hor muslm pIrW-PkIrW Aqy ihMdU imQhwsk dyviqAW dw pYrokwr sI qy aunHW dI pkV ivc burI qrHW jkiVAw hoieAw sI, hux gurU dw mwJw bx igAw[ ies smyN dOrwn gurU swihb ny KfUr swihb, goieMdvwl, srhwlI, Kwnpur, fyrw bwbw nwnk, krqwrpur (rwvI kMFy vwlw), klwnOr, bwrT (Xwin swry mwJy) ivc is`KI dy pRcwr dI v`fI muihMm clweI[
gurU swihb ny is`KW ivc Awpxw dsvMD (Awmdn dw qkrIbn dsvW ih`sw) k`Fx qy ies nUM Bly kMmW ivc vrqx dI irvwieq SurU krvweI ijs ny mgroN Dwrimk, jQybMdk Aqy smwijk Kyqr ivc Aihm rol Adw kIqw[ mgroN dsvyN pwiqSwh ny ies nUM is`K vwsqy iek lwzmI &rz krwr dy idqw[
Akbr dw gurU drbwr Awauxw
gurU swihb dI lok syvw qy rUhwnIAq ny hor Dwrmik AwgUAW Aqy sInIAr srkwrI AihlkwrW nUM vI kIilAw hoieAw sI[ hor qW hor muZl bwdSwh Akbr vI gurU swihb dI ie`zq krdw sI[ Akbr 24 nvMbr 1598 dy idn ipSwvr vl jwx smyN goieMdvwl ivc ruikAw Aqy gurU swihb dy drSn kIqy[ Akbr dy nwl aus dw vzIr AbU &zl vI sI[ jd Akbr gurU swihb dy drbwr ivc hwizr hoieAw qW aus dy AihlkwrW ny aus dy bYTx-turn vwsqy glIcy ivCwey ijs nUM bwdSwh ny Awpxy h`QIN prHy kr idqw qy ikhw ik rUhwnI drbwr ivc glIicAW ’qy nhIN bYiTAw jWdw[ bwdSwh ny ies mOky ’qy Awm lokW nwl bYT ky lMgr vI CikAw[ turn vyly Akbr ny gurU swihb nUM jW lMgr vwsqy kuJ zmIn dw ptw vI dyxw cwihAw qW gurU swihb ny aus nUM ikhw ik gurU dw lMgr sMgqW dy dsvMD nwl clxw hI TIk hY[ Akbr ies qoN hor vI muqwisr (pRBwivq) hoieAw[ ies mOky ’qy gurU swihb ny Akbr qoN ieh AYlwn zrUr krvwieAw ik is`KW qy jzIAw nw lwgU hovy ikauN ik is`K ihMdU nhIN hn ’qy jzIAw isr& ihMdUAW ’qy hI lwgU huMdw sI (mgroN Akbr ny ihMdUAW nUM vI jzIAw tYks qoN Awzwd kr id`qw)[
dUjy DrmW dy AwgUAW nwl sbMD
gurU Arjn swihb ny hor DrmW qy AkIidAW dy lokW nwl vI bVy nyVly sbMD kwiem kIqy hoey sn[ sweIN mIAW mIr (1550-11.8.1635), jo ieslwm dy ^lI&y aumr dy ^wndwn nwl sbMD rKdw sI, qy ijs dw ipCokV sIsqwn (eIrwn) dw sI, aunHIN idnIN lwhOr dw vwsI sI, nwl gurU swihb dy nzdIkI sbMD sn[ dohW ivc Aksr rUhwnI nukiqAW bwry ivcwrW hoieAw krdIAW sn[ ieh mIAW mIr auhI S^s sI ijs dI muZl bwdSwh vI bVI ie`zq kirAw krdy sn[ hor qW hor bwdSwh Akbr vI aunHW dI bVI dId krdw sI[ jd jhWgIr bwdSwh bixAw qW aus dy duAwly kuJ icr i&rkU mOlwixAW dw Gyrw ipAw irhw qy ies nwl auh mIAW mIr vrgIAW hsqIAW qoN dUr ho igAw[ pr 1618 qoN bwAd jhWgIr dI soc ivc iPr moVw ipAw qy auh muV sweIN mIAW mIr dy nyVy Aw igAw (qy iesy kr ky hI aus ny gurU hirgoibMd sihb nUM gvwlIAr coN irhw kIqw qy iPr gurU hirgoibMd sihb nwl vI aus ny dosqI pweI r`KI)[ mIAW mIr qoN ielwvw gurU swihb dy keI sU&IAW nwl vI sbMD sn jo Aksr gurU swihb dy drSn krn AwieAw krdy sn[
gurU gRMQ swihb dw srUp iqAwr krnw
gurU Arjn swihb ny Awpxw bcpn gurU Amr dws swihb dI sMgq ivc ibqwieAw sI[ ies kr ky aunHW dw bwxI dw bVw muqwlIAw sI[ aunHW Awp vI bhuq swrI bwxI dI rcnw kIqI sI[ gurU gRMQ swihb ivc 6000 qoN vD slok hn ijnW ivcoN 2312 Sbd gurU Arjn swihb dy hn[ ienHW ivc Cy vwrW (gauVI, gujrI, jYqsrI, bsMq, mwrU Aqy rwmklI dIAW vwrW) qy suKmnI swihb vI Swiml hn[ aunHW ny 30 rwgW ivc bwxI dI rcnw kIqI[ aunHW kol gurU nwnk swihb, gurU AMgd swihb, gurU Amr dws swihb qy gurU rwmdws swihb dI swrI bwxI peI hoeI sI[ auh cwhuMdy sI ik ies swrI bwxI nUM iek gRMQ dw rUp dy idqw jwvy pr hor ruJyivAW kwrn aunHW nUM ivhl nw iml sikAw[ 1601 ivc jd aunHW rwmsr srovr iqAwr kr ilAw qW aunHW ny ies dy kMFy iek invyklw kmrw iqAwr krvwieAw ij`Qy aunHW ny gurbwxI nUM iek ijld ivc iek`iTAW krnw SurU kr idqw[ gurU swihb ny ies ivc sB qoN pihlW gurU rwmdws swihb dw h`Q ilKq jpujI swihb dw auqwrw Swiml kIqw Aqy bwkI dI ilKweI dI syvw BweI gurdws qoN leI[ gurU swihb Aqy BweI gurdws ny ieh gRMQ 31 julweI 1604 dy idn qk mukMml kr ilAw Aqy ies dw pihlw pRkwS 16 Agsq 1604 dy idn drbwr swihb ivc kIqw[ ies dw pihlw pwT krn dw mwx bwbw bu`Fw jI nUM hwisl hoieAw[ ieh gRMQ 1757 ivc A&Zwn hmly smyN krqwrpur ivc AgnbUd ho igAw sI pr audoN qk ies dy bhuq swry auqwry ho cuky sn[
pihly gurU gRMQ swihb ivc pMj gurU swihb dI bwxI qoN ielwvw B`tW, BgqW Aqy sU&IAW (muslmwnW) dI bwxI vI Swiml kIqI geI sI[ gurU swihb kol BgqW dI swrI bwxI iek vKrI ikqwb ivc mOjUd sI[ ies ivcoN bhuqI bwxI gurU nwnk swihb AwpxIAW audwsIAW dOrwn iek`TI kr ky ilAwey sn[ gurU swihb ny iksy vI Bgq dI swrI rcnw ies ivc Swiml nhIN kIqI blik isr& auh bwxI hI Swiml kIqI ijhVI is`K &ls&y nwl kuJ myl KWdI sI[ ies qoN ielwvw gurU swihb ny swrI bwxI nUM rwgW dy ihswb nwl qrqIb dy ky vMifAw, hr iek vwr ivc pauVIAW qy aunHW nwl FukvyN slok Swiml kIqy[ ies mgroN ijhVy slok bc gey aunHW nUM ‘slok vwrW qoN vDIk’ isrlyK hyT vKirAW drj kr idqw[ aunHW ny (gurU) gRMQ swihb dy A^Ir ivc ‘muMdwvxI’ (muhr) lw ky pUrn kr id`qw[
mgroN gRMQ swihb dy srUp dw auqwrw krn vwly iksy ilKwrI ny kvI Awlm dI rcnw ‘mwDv nl kwm kMdlw’ ivcoN kuJ bMd ‘rwg mwlw’ dy nW hyT iek bIV ivc ilK id`qy[ keI hor auqwirAW ivc isAwhI bxwaux dw &wrmUlw qy hor keI kuJ vI Swiml kr id`qw[ pr ‘rwgmwlw’ jW hor kivqwvW dw gurU gRMQ swihb jW is`KI nwl koeI sbMD nhIN hY[ ieM\ hI gurU gRMQ swihb dI iqAwrI vwsqy gurU Arjn swihb v`loN goieMdvwl jw ky mohn qoN do poQIAW ilAwaux vwlI khwxI vI inrI g`p hY[ ieh pRcwr gurU Amr dws swihb dy pu`qr mohn (ijhVw gurg`dI nw imlx kr ky AOKw sI) dy vwirsW ny mohn dI Swn bxwaux vwsqy kIqw hovygw jW ienHW poQIAW dI mhwnqw bxw ky lokW qoN ienHW A`gy m`Qy itkw ky cVHwvw iek`Tw krn vwsqy kIqw hovygw[
gurU gRMQ swihb dw srUp iqAwr hox mgroN gurU swihb ny bwkwiedw ies dw pRkwS krnw SurU kr idqw qy hr roz ies dw pwT Aqy kQw hox lg peI[ gurU swihb ny is`KW nUM Sbd gurU dy lV lgx Aqy isr& ies A`gy hI isr Jukwaux vwsqy ikhw[
s`qw qy blvMf dI khwxI dw s`c
s`qw qy blvMf bwry iek swKI mShUr hY ik gurU swihb dy drbwr ivc keI B`t kvI, kIrqnIey qy FwfI hwizr irhw krdy sn[ ienHW ivc hI sn: s`qw qy blvMf, do rbwbI, jo gurU drbwr ivc rbwb vjwieAw qy kIrqn kirAw krdy sn[ iek lyKk muqwibk iek vwr s`qy ny gurU swihb nUM ikhw ik myrI DI dI SwdI hY qy jy gurU drbwr dw iek idn dw pUrw cVHwvw mYnUM iml jwvy qW mYN AwpxI DI dw ivAwh sOiKAW kr skWgw[ gurU swihb ny aus dI Arz kbUl kr leI[ pr ie`q&wkn aus idn sMgq Gt AweI Aqy cVHwvw Gt hoieAw[ ies ’qy s`qw iv`tr igAw Aqy hor rkm mMgx lg ipAw[ jd gurU swihb ny aus dI g`l nw mMnI qW s`qw qy blvMf rus ky cly gey qy Pyr muV ky nw Awey[ gurU swihb dy s`dx ’qy vI auh drbwr ivc hwizr nw hoey[ iek vwr qW gurU swihb ^ud aunHW nUM bulwaux gey pr aunHW Awauxw qW kI sI aultw aunHW ny qW gurU nwnk swihb dI Swn ivc vI ieh AwK ky gusqw^I kIqI ik ‘jy mrdwnw kIrqn nw krdw qW gurU nwnk swihb nUM vI iks ny jwxnw sI?’ s`qw qy blvMf dI ieh ihmwkq vyK ky gurU swihb vwips muV Awey[ dUjy pwsy gurU drbwr dw kMm pihlW vWg cldw irhw[ gurU swihb ny sMgqW nUM smJwieAw ik is`K pMQ iek ie`qhwd hY qy ies ivc koeI vI S^s vDyry Aihm (jW Gt Aihm) nhIN[ AYsw koeI vI S^s nhIN hY ijs ibnw pMQ dw kw&lw ruk jwvygw[ gurU swihb ny hux kIrqn dI syvw BweI hrI rwm, BweI gurSrn Aqy BweI swihb rwm nUM sONp idqI[ ieh iqMny bhuq suhxw kIrqn krn lg pey[ sMgqW nUM hOlI-hOlI ieh vI Bu`l igAw ik s`qw qy blvMf dI kdy hoNd vI sI jW nhIN[ auDr, s`qw qy blvMf dI AwkV bVI CyqI B`j geI[ aunHW dohW dy GrW dw ^rcw gurU drbwr coN imlx vwlI Bytw dy Awsry ’qy hI cldw sI[ hux aunHW nUM rotI imlxI vI AOKI ho geI[ jd auh Bu`Ky mrn lg pey qW aunHW ny iek is`K BweI l`Dw dy pYr PVy Aqy aunHW rwhIN gurU swihb qoN muAw&I mMgI[ jd gurU swihb ny aunHW nUM muAw& kr idqw qW auh ^ud drbwr ivc hwzr hoey qy sMgqW qoN vI vwr-vwr muAw&I mMgI[ s`qy qy blvMf dI iek vwr gurU gRMQ swihb ivc drj hY[
s`qw qy blvMf gurU drbwr dy bVy Aihm drbwrI sn bhuq ipAwr qy SrDw nwl kIrqn kirAw krdy sn[ aunHW dI S^sIAq nUM fygx vwsqy iksy ny aunHW dy gurU swihb nwl ‘rus jwx’ qy iPr muAw&I mMgx dI khwxI GVI sI[ s`qw qy blvMf ny gurU gRMQ swihb ivclI AwpxI ‘vwr’ iek ‘muAw&Inwmy’ vjoN nhIN ilKI sI[(AijhIAW khwxIAW pihloN jnmswKIAW dy lyKkW ny BweI mrdwnw vwsqy vI GVIAW sn)[
gurU swihb dI ShIdI
gurU Arjn swihb ny 1581 ivc gurg`dI dI syvw sMBwlI sI[ 25 swl dy Awpxy Aihd (smyN) ivc aunHW ny cwr nvyN ngr vswey, bhuq swrIAW bwaulIAW Aqy KUh lvwey, smwj syvw dy keI pRwjYkt srAMjwm kIqy, is`K Drm dw pRcwr qy prswr kIqw, gurU gRMQ swihb dw srUp iqAwr kIqw qy is`KW nUM ‘Sbd gurU” dy lV lwieAw[ ies smyN ivc bhuq swry ihMdU qy muslmwn is`K Drm ivc Swiml hoey[ ies swry nUM vyK ky isr& ipRQI cMd mIxw qy i&rkwpRsq ihMdU qy muq`sbI muslmwn vI is`KW qoN Kwr Kwx lg pey sn[ ienHW muslmwnW ivcoN sB qoN isKr dw i&rkU sI srhMd dw SY^ Aihmd, jo nkSbMdI i&rky dw AwgU sI[ aus dI i&rkU soc nvIN nhIN sI auBrI pr Akbr aus dy zihrIly Asr hyTW nhIN sI Aw sikAw ies kr ky aus SY^ dIAW cwlW kwmXwb nw ho skIAW[ 16 AkqUbr 1605 dy idn Akbr dI mOq ho geI[ Agly idn hI k`tV muslmwn gru`p ny Sihzwdw slIm dy ipCly swry gunwh muAw& kr id`qy Aqy aus nUM q^q ‘qy ibTw ky aus nUM jhWgIr dw nW Aqy bwdSwh-ie-ieslwm dw i^qwb dy id`qw[ slIm (jhWgIr) dI q^q nSInI 25 AkqUbr nUM hoeI[
jhWgIr iek A`XwS Sihzwdw sI, ies kr ky Akbr cwhuMdw sI ik aus dI mOq ip`CoN jhWgIr dI QW ’qy aus dw poqw Kusro q^q ’qy bYTy[ pr Akbr dI Acwxk mOq nwl Kusro bwdSwh nw bx sikAw[ auDr, q^q sMBwlx mgroN jhWgIr ny Kusro nUM iek l`K rupY swlwnw dI jwgIr Aqy Awgry dw sUbydwr qy kmWfr-ien-cI& bxwaux dI pySkS kIqI[ aus vyly qW Kusro cup kr igAw pr Cy mhIny mgroN, 6 ApRYl 1606 dy idn, aus ny bZwvq kr id`qI[ pr auh jhWgIr dI &Oj dw mukwblw nw kr sikAw Aqy hwr ky pMjwb v`l nUM B`j tuirAw[ auh hzwrW &OjW nwl mQrw qoN lwhOr vl cl ipAw[ rsqy ivc aus ny goieMdvwl kol ibAws dirAw dw p`qx pwr kIqw Aqy ie`QoN Kusro lwhOr pu`jw pr auh lwhOr dy iklHy ’qy kbzw nw kr sikAw[ aus nUM hor iksy pwisEN vI mdd nw iml skI[
auDr jhWgIr ny SY^ &rId bu^wrI dI kmWf hyT &Oj Byj ky Kusro nUM igR&qwr rkn dw hukm dy id`qw[ dohW &OjW ivckwr Brovwl ivc ^Ub jMg hoeI pr Kusro ie`Qy vI hwr igAw qy auh AwpxI jwn bcwaux vwsqy kwbl v`l B`j ipAw[ pr aus dI qkdIr ny aus dw swQ nw id`qw qy 27 ApRYl 1606 nUM JnW dirAw pwr kridAW hoieAw auh kwbU Aw igAw[
ieDr, Kusro dy i^lw& &Oj Byj ky jhWgIr Awp vI lwhOr vl cl ipAw sI[ auh 10 ApRYl 1606 dy idn srwey ^ws (nkodr qoN 6 iklomItr dUr) phuMc cukw sI[ ie`QoN sulqwnpur coN huMdw hoieAw auh 11 ApRYl 1606 dy idn goieMdvwl pu`jw ij`Qy aus ny ibAws dirAw dw p`qx pwr kIqw[ ies mgroN auh cOpwl (Jbwl) pu`jw qy Awpxw pVwA kIqw[ auh ie`Qy iek h&qw irhw Aqy iPr lwhOr nUM c`l ipAw[ eyny icr ivc aus nUM Kusro dy PVy jwx dI ^br vI iml geI[ lwhOr ivc aus ny drbwr lw ky Kusro nUM Aqy aus dy 700 ihmwieqIAW nUM szwvW id`qIAW[
ies vyly qk jhWgIr lok gurU Arjn swihb dw zrw mwsw vI izkr nhIN sI hoieAw; aus ny gurU jI dy i^lw& koeI g`l nhIN sI suxI, hwlW ik auh Kusro dI zrw-mwsw vI mdd krn vwly hr iek S^s nUM szw suxw irhw sI[ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik aus dy lwhOr rihMdy aus nUM muq`sbI muslmwnW Aqy ihMdUAW ny gurU jI dy i^lw& BVkwieAw hovygw ikauN ik jy gurU jI v`loN Kusro dI mdd hI kwrn huMdw qW hux qk aus kol kd dI ^br Aw cukI huMdI Aqy auh gurU jI nUM bwkI 700 jixAW dy nwl hI szw dy dyNdw[
22 meI nUM jhWgIr ny gurU Arjn swihb dI igR&qwrI dw hukm id`qw[ gurU Arjn swihb nUM 24 meI dy idn goieMdvwl qoN igR&qwr kr ky Agly idn lwhOr ivc jhWgIr kol pyS kIqw igAw[ jhWgIr ny gurU jI nUM muslmwn bxn dI pySkS kIqI Aqy nw mMnx ‘qy ‘Xwsw-E-isAwsq’ dy Gor qsIhy dy ky ^qm krn dI szw suxweI[
gurU jI nUM dyZ ivc aubwlxw qy qpdI ryq ivc swVnw
ies szw hyT gurU jI nUM pihlW dyZ ivc aubwilAw igAw Aqy ies mgroN aunHW dy h`Q pYr bMnH ky qpdI ryq ivc su`t id`qw igAw[ jyT dy mhIny ivc ryq A`g vW| qp rhI sI[
kysr isMG iCbr muqwibk cwr idn aunHW nUM rwvI dy kMFy ‘q`qI qvI vWg’ qpdI hoeI ryq ivc qrHW-qrHW dy qsIhy gey[ ies smyN auQoN lMGdy muslmwn aunHW ‘qy p`Qr mwrdy gey qy ienHW ivcoN iek p`Qr jwn-lyvw swibq hoieAw[ mgroN, aunHW dy ijsm nUM p`QrW nwl bMnH ky rwvI dirAw ivc roVH idqw igAw (kysr isMG iCbr, bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqswhIAW dw, cYptr 5, bMd 137-39)[
dibsqwn-ie-mzwihb dy lyKk muqwibk gurU jI nUM qpdI ryq ivc ibTw ky aunHW dy nMgy ijsm ’qy q`qI ryq pweI geI sI qy nwl hI hor qS`dd vI kIqw igAw sI ijs nwl aunHW dw ijsm Cwly pYx mgroN sV-gl igAw qy A^Ir aunHW nUM r`isAW nwl bMnH ky dirAw ivc roVH id`qw igAw[ (maUbwd zuli&kwr ArdsqwnI, dibsqwn-ie-mzwihb, s&w 35)[ rwvI dirAw ivc roVHn sbMDI mgroN ieh g`p vI joV id`qI geI ik gurU swihb nUM r`isAW nwl bMnH ky dirAw ivc nhIN sI su`itAw igAw blik aunHW ny ‘^ud ieSnwn krn dI ^wihS kr ky dirAw ivc ClWg mwrI sI’ qy vwips muV ky nhIN Awey sn[ ieh lyKk ieh kihxw cwhuMdy hn ik muZlW ny aunHW nUM ShId nhIN kIqw sI qy isr& qsIhy id`qy sn[
irvwieq muqwibk gurU Arjn swihb nUM q`qI qvI ’qy ibTwaux dw izkr hY[ drAsl audoN rwvI dirAw dy kMFy ’qy qpdI ryq nUM ‘q`qI qvI’ (qvI vI ‘qpI’ qoN bixAw hY) nwl qSbIh id`qI jWdI sI[ ieho ijhI ‘qvI’ lwhOr hI nhIN jMmU ivc JnW dirAw dy kMFy nUM vI qvI kihMdy sn[ jd grmIAW dy isKr ivc, brswqW qoN pihlW aus ivclw pwxI su`k jWdw hY qW aus ivclI ryq A`g vW| qpdI hY; iesy kr ky aus nUM qvI ikhw jwx lg ipAw[ A`j vI jMmU dw dirAw jMmU qvI AKvwauNdw hY[gurU jI nUM lohy dI qvI ‘qy ibTwaux dI khwxI sB qoN pihlW sMqoK isMG GVI sI Aqy AwpxI ikqwb ‘sUrj pRkwS’ ivc ilKI sI[ iksy vI hor purwxy lyKk ny lohy dI q`vI dw koeI izkr nhIN kIqw; swry gurU jI nUM bMnH ky ryq ivc su`tx dw izkr krdy hn[
^Yr, gurU jI dI ShIdI vwsqy lohy dI qvI sI jW q`qI ryq, pr, ies ivc koeI S`k nhIN ik gurU jI nUM qpdI ryq ivc ibTw ky aunHW dy nMgy ijsm ’qy q`qI ryq pweI geI sI qy nwl hI hor qS`dd vI kIqw igAw sI ijs nwl aunHW dw ijsm Cwly pYx mgroN sV-gl igAw qy A^Ir aunHW nUM r`isAW nwl bMnH ky dirAw ivc roVH id`qw igAw[ (maUbwd zuli&kwr ArdsqwnI, dibsqwn-ie-mzwihb, s&w 35)[
gurU Arjn swihb dI ShIdI dy sbMD ivc iek hor Zlq pySkwrI vI imldI hY ik aunHW nUM BwrI jurmwnw Adw krn dI sUrq ivc irhweI dI pySkS kIqI geI sI (iek lyKk muqwibk ieh rkm iek l`K qy iek hor muqwibk do l`K rupey sI)[ drAsl ieh glqI &wdr zIrom zyvIAr dI ilKq (fw: gMfw isMG dI ikqwb ‘ArlI XUrpIn AkwaUNt Aw& d is`Kz’ ivc Cpy hn: &wdr zIrom dI ic`TI ‘jhWgIr AYNf jIsUsweIts’, s&y 48-49) ivc jhWgIr v`loN kIqy gey iek hor hukm nwl rlg`f ho jwx kr jwx kr ky hoeI hovygI[ jhWgIr dI AwpxI ilKq ivc bVw sw& iliKAw imldw hY ik aus dw hukm ‘Xwsw dy qsIhy dy ky ShId krn’ dw sI nw ik jurmwnw vsUlx dw[
ieM\ hI iek lyKk ilKdw hY ik gurU Arjn swihb dI ShIdI dw kwrn aunHW v`loN jhWgIr dy bwZI pu`qr Kusro nUM iqlk lw ky ASIrvwd dyxw sI qy Dwrimk nhIN sI (jwdU nwQ srkwr, ihstrI Aw& AOrMgzyb, ijld qIjI, s&w 205)[ {jwdU nwQ srkwr is`KW bwry ilKidAW Aksr is`K-ivroDI soc dw iezhwr krdw hY}[ jhWgIr dI AwpxI ilKq ivc vI BwvyN Kusro dI gurU swihb nwl mulwkwq dw izkr hY pr auh gurU swihb nUM ‘JUT dI dukwn’ dy nW ’qy ShId krn (jW muslmwn bxn) dw hukm dyNdw hY[ jy isr& isAwsI kwrn (Kusro dI mdd) huMdw qW jhWgIr hornW isAwsI kYdIAW vWg gurU Arjn swihb nUM vI kYd krdw nw ik ShId krdw[ jhWgIr ny qW gurU hirgoibMd swihb nUM vI iklHw bxwaux, &Oj r`Kx Aqy q^q prgt krn dy (isAwsI) ‘jurm’ ivc jnvrI 1613 ivc 12 swl vwsqy gvwlIAr dy iklHy ivc kYd dw hukm dy ky kIqw sI[
gurU Arjn swihb nUM ShId krn dw hukm jhWgIr bwdSwh ny Awp id`qw sI[ ies dw ieMkSw& auh AwpxI svY-jIvnI ‘quzky jhWgIrI’ ivc (ijld pihlI, s&w 72 ’qy) sw& l&zW ivc krdw hY: “
ibAws dirAw dy kMFy gieMdvwl ivc Arjn nW dw iek ihMdU pIr qy SY^ dy ilbws ivc rihMdw sI[ eyQoN qk ik aus ny AwpxIAW g`lW qy kwrvweIAW nwl bhuq swry is`Dy-swDy ihMdUAW hI nhIN blik byvkU& qy mUrK muslmwnW nUM vI Awpxy murId bxw ilAw sI qy Awpxy Awp dy iek mIr qy vlI hox dw FONg vI ricAw hoieAw sI[ auh aus nUM gurU kihMdy sn Aqy keI pwisAW qoN jwhl gvwr qy jhwlq psMd lok aus v`l iK`cy AwauNdy sn qy aus ivc pUrw AkIdw zwhr krdy sn[ iqMn cwr pIVHIAW qoN aunHW ny ieh dukwn-ie-bwiql (JUT dI dukwn) clweI hoeI sI[ bVI vwr myry idl ivc ieh i^Awl AwieAw ik mYN ies JUT dy islisly nUM bMd krvw idAW jW aus nUM ieslwm ivc lY AwvW[
g`l ie`QoN qk vDI ik ienHW idnW ivc hI Kusro ies rsqy qoN guzr irhw sI[ ies byielmy S^s ny aus nUM imlx dw ivcwr bxwieAw[ aus dI irhwieS dy nyVy hI Kusro dw iTkwxw hoieAw[ auh au~Qy AwieAw qy Kusro ƒ imilAw qy aus nUM kuJ pihloN hI GVIAW hoeIAW g`lW AwKIAW qy aus dy m`Qy ’qy kysr vwlI auNgl dw inSwn lwieAw ijs nUM ihMdU bolI ivc kSkw (iqlk, it`kw) kihMdy hn qy ies nUM piv`qr mMndy hn[ jdoN ies dI soA myry kMnW qk pu`jI qW mYN hukm jwrI kIqw ik aus nUM ilAw ky myry hzUr pyS kIqw jwvy[ aus dw Gr qy irhwieS zbq kr ky aus dw bwl b`cw murqzw ^wn dy hvwly kr id`qw jwvy qy mYN hukm jwrI kIqw ik aus nUM Xwsw-E-isAwsq dy qsIhy dy ky ^qm kr id`qw jwvy[” (nvl ikSor pRYs lKnaU dI CpI quzk-ie jhWgIrI ivc s&w 35 ‘qy 22 s&r ihjrI 1015, Xwin 19 jUn 1606 dI AYNtrI)[
isrdwr kpUr isMG muqwibk gurU swihb dI ShIdI mgroN SY^ Aihmd srhMdI ny jhWgIr nUM Sukrwny qy ‘mubwrkW’ dI ic`TI ilKI[ isrdwr kpUr isMG ny swcI swKI ikqwb ivc SY^ Aihmd srihMdI dI iek ilKq dw hvwlw vI id`qw hY ijs ivc auh gurU Arjn swihb dI Shwdq qy ^uSI dw iezhwr krdw hoieAw ies nUM ieslwm dI bVI v`fI ij`q grdwndw hY:
“ienHW idnW ivc hI jo goieMdvwl dy lwAnqI kw&r nUM kql kr id`qw igAw hY, ieh bVI mubwrk Gtnw hoeI hY Aqy ies nwl ihMdUAW nUM iek v`fI iSksq hoeI hY[ aus nUM iksy kwrn Aqy iksy bhwny nwl mwr mukwaux nwl kw&rW dw v`fw nukswn hoieAw hY Aqy muslmwnW vwsqy ieh mhwn &wiedy dI g`l bxI hY[ ies byeImwn dy kql hox qoN pihlW mYnUM iek id`b ^uAwb AwieAw sI ik pwqSwh ny lwAnqI mzhb dw isr kucl id`qw hY[ ies ivc koeI S`k nhIN ik auh (gurU Arjn) kw&r ihMdUAW dw pIr sI qy ADwrimk rucIAW r`Kx vwilAW dw SihnSwh sI[”
isrdwr kpUr isMG ies pYry nUM sY^ Aihmd srihMdI dy mkqUbwq nMbr 193 ivcoN leI geI dsdy hn pr mOlvI Awlm-aul-dIn qy hw&z muhMmd Abdul krIm ies ic`TI dy qrjmy ivc gurU Arjn swihb dI jgh gurU goibMd isMG swihb dy b`icAW dI Shwdq dw izkr mMndy hn[
gurU swihb dI ShIdI nUM kuJ XUrpInW ny vI Awpxy A`KIN dyiKAw sI[ ies sbMDI &wdr zIrom zyvIAr ny 25 sqMbr 1606 nUM iek ^q ivc gurU swihb dI ShIdI dw izkr kridAW iliKAw ik “ies qrIky nwl aunHW (is`KW) dw pop duK qsIhy qy Apmwn sihMdw ShId hoieAw[” ieM\ gurU Arjn swihb iek muqs`bI hwkm Aqy aus dy is`K duSmx slwhkwrW dI is`K duSmxI kwrn ShId kr idqy gey[
gurU Arjn swihb swaUQ eySIAw dy Swied sB qoN pihly ShId sn[ aunHW dI swrI izMdgI Drm dI is`iKAw dyx, smwj syvw krn Aqy rUhwnIAq dw C`tw dyx ivc bIqI[ gurU Arjn swihb ny ShIdI vwsqy jwx qoN pihlW CyvyN gurU, gurU hirgoibMd swihb nUM &Oj bxwaux vwsqy AwK id`qw sI[ aunHW dw pYZwm sI ik hux Drm bxwaux vwsqy zwlm inzwm dw hiQAwrbMd twkrw lwzmI ho jwvygw[
cMdU dw rol
iek irvwieq muqwibk ienHIN idnIN hI klwnOr dw iek KqrI cMdU nW dw bMdw vI muZlW dw jIA hzUr sI[ aus bwry iek g`l iek irvwieq ivc imldI hY ik gurU Arjn swihb ny Awpxy sp`uqr (gurU) hirgoibMd swihb vwsqy aus dI DI dw irSqw sMgqW dy AwKx ’qy moV idqw sI[ auh aus idn qoN hI gurU swihb Aqy is`KW nwl ^wr KWdw sI qy bdlw lYx vwsqy mOky lBdw rihMdw sI[ ienHW is`K soimAW muqwibk ies cMdU ny hI iSkwieqW lw ky gurU swihb dI igR&qwrI krvweI sI[cMdU ny jhWgIr kol AwpxI DI dw irSqw kbUl nw krn dI g`l nhIN kIqI hovygI blik auh iSkwieq lweI hovygI ijs qoN jhWgIr BVk pvy qy ieh iSkwieq XkInn Kusro dy nwl sbMD joVnw Aqy gurU jI nUM ieslwm vwsqy ^qrw swibq krn bwry hI ho skdI sI[ isr& cMdU hI nhIN hor KqrIAW qy pMfqW ny vI gurU jI dy i^lw& iSkwieqW kIqIAW hoxgIAW (pMfqW qy KqrIAW ny gurU Amr dws jI vyly 1566 ivc Akbr kol vI AijhIAW iSkwieqW kIqIAW sn) qy aus ny gurU jI nUM ‘qlb’ vI kIqw sI pr gurU rwmdws ny Akbr nwl mulwkwq kr ky ihMdUAW dy Asl mnSy dw rwz KoilHAw qW Akbr ny aultw ihMdUAW nUM hI iJVikAw sI)[
ieh ho skdw hY ik jhWgIr nUM ies cMdU, muq`sbI SY^ Aihmd srhMdI qy hor keIAW ny JUTIAW iSkwieqW kr ky BVkwieAw hovy[ hwlW ik jhWgIr ^ud AwpxI ilKq ivc ieh mMndw hY ik aus ny gurU swihb nUM ies kr ky ShId krvwieAw sI ik aunHW ny Kusro nUM ‘ASIrvwd’ id`qw sI Aqy Awpxy pRcwr nwl keI muslmwnW nUM vI is`K Drm ivc Swiml kr ilAw sI[
ieh ho skdw hY ik cMdU dI khwxI jhWgIr dy iksy Aihlkwr jW qwrI^dwn ny jhWgIr nUM gurU swihb dI ShIdI qoN sur^rU r`Kx vwsqy GVI hovy[ pr ies dw mqlb ieh vI nhIN ik cMdU dw koeI rol nhIN sI[ Aijhw vI ho skdw hY ik jd jhWgIr ny lwhOr dy &Ojdwr SY^ &rId bu^wrI murqzw ^wn (jo mgroN lwhOr dw gvrnr vI bixAw qy ies dI mOq 1616 ivc pYQwn, hux pTwnkot, ivc hoeI sI) nUM gurU Arjn swihb nUM ShId krn dw hukm idqw qW cMdU ny srkwrI Aihlkwr hox kr ky jW irSvq dy ky gurU swihb nUM ShId krn dI izMmyvwrI lY leI hovy (ieh vI izkr imldw hY ik cMdU lwhOr dy sUbydwr dw dIvwn, sInIAr Aihlkwr, sI)[ ieh vI ho sdkw hY ik gurU jI nUM ieh qsIhy dyx dI ifaUtI lwhOr dy &Ojdwr murqzw ^wn ny cMdU lwl dI lweI sI[ auN\ cMdU is`K duSmxI dw rol eyQy hI ^qm nhIN ho igAw; gurU jI dI ShIdI mgroN vI cMdU is`KW dy i^lw& hwkmW dy kMn Brdw rihMdw sI[
AkqUbr 1618 ivc gurU hrgoibMd swihb gvwlIAr dy iklHy ivcoN irhw kIqy gey qW ies mgroN do vwr aunHW dI mulwkwq jhWgIr nwl hoeI 27 jnvrI 1619 dy idn goieMdvwl ivc Aqy 8 &rvrI 1619 dy idn klwnOr ivc[ klwnOr dI mIitMg ivc jhWgIr nwl lMmI bYTk hoeI sI ijs ivc gurU Arjn swihb nUM qsIhy dyx bwry crcw hoieAw dI ijs mgroN jhWgIr ny cMdU nUM szw dyx dw hukm jwrI kIqw sI[ jhWgIr ny hukm jwrI kIqw ik cMdU nUM igR&qwr kr ky gurU jI dy hvwly kr id`qw jwvy[ jd aus nUM gurU swihb kol pyS kIqw igAw qW aunHW ny aus nUM lwhOr dI sMgq dy hvwly kr id`qw qy ikhw ik ijnHW ny aus nUM zulm krdw vyiKAw sI auhI aus dI szw nIAq krn[ sMgq ny &Yslw kIqw ik cMdU dy h`Q ip`T ip`Cy bMnH ky qy gl ivc r`sI pw ky swry ngr ivc GumwieAw jwvy qy zlIl kr ky C`f id`qw jwvy; bs eynI szw hI kw&I hY[ ievyN hI kIqw igAw[ cMdU nUM swry pwsy Gumw ky jd BiTAwirAW dy muh`ly ivc iljwieAw igAw qW auQy jd auh gurid`qw BiTAwrw {ijs nUM cMdU ny gurU swihb dy ijsm ‘qy ryq pwauxw vwsqy qweInwq kIqw (ifaUtI id`qI) sI} dy Gr A`goN lMiGAw qW aus ny (ies gu`sy ivc cMdU ny aus dy h`QoN kI zulm krvwieAw sI) Awpxy h`Q ivc PiVAw kVCw (ijs nwl auh gurU jI dy ijsm ‘qy ryq pwauNdw irhw sI) cMdU dy isr ivc k`F mwirAw[ ies kVCy dy v`jx nwl hI cMdU auQy ifg ky mr igAw[
cMdU qW mr igAw pr aus dw iekloqw puqr krm cMd vI is`KW nwl bwp vW| duSmxI rKdw sI; ipE dI mOq mgroN auh skImW bxwaux lg ipAw ik auh gurU swihb Aqy is`KW qoN bdlw ikvyN lvy[ ibAws dirAw dy kMFy ruhIlw nW dy iek ipMf dw Qyh sI ijs nUM gurU Arjn swihb ny ^rId ky ieQy ‘goibMdpur’ (hux hrgoibMdpur) nW dw iek ipMf vsw id`qw sI[ gurU Arjn swihb dI ShIdI Aqy gurU hrgoibMd swihb dy gvwlIAr iklHy ivc rihx dy dOrwn cMdU dy puqr krm cMd ny Awpxy shury Bgvwn dws dI mdd nwl kbzw kr ilAw hoieAw sI[ gvwlIAr ivcoN irhweI mgroN gurU hrgoibMd swihb goieMdvwl Aw ky rihx lg pey sn[ auh ivcoN kuJ smW Drm pRcwr dy dOry ‘qy mwJw, isAwlkot, jMmU qy kSmIr v`l vI gey sn[ iek idn vwsqy, 28 jnvrI 1620 dy idn, auh gurU-dw-c`k (c`k rwmdws, hux AMimRqsr) vI Awey sn qy iPr goieMdvwl prq gey sn[ ie`Qy aunHW nUM ruhIlw (goibMdpur) auqy cMdU dy pu`qr v`loN kbzw krn dw pqw l`gw[ ieh g`l sqMbr 1621 dI hY[ gurU jI kuJ is`KW nUM lY ky goibMdpur jw pu`jy Aqy auQy kbzw kr ky bYTy cMdU dy nOkrW nUM Bjw id`qw[ auh nOkr klwnOr gey qy krm cMd nUM d`isAw[ Bwvy krm cMd dw bwp mr cukw sI pr auh iek AmIr bwp dw pu`qr hox kr ky kw&I AmIr vI sI Aqy aus kol injI &oj vI sI[ aus ny Awpxy shury Bgvws dws GyrV (jo ^ud iek v`fw jwgIrdwr sI) Aqy Awpxy swly krm cMd nwl rwbqw kIqw; GyrV ny vI AwpxI injI &Oj nUM iqAwr hox dw hukm kIqw[ dohW GrW ny &Oj iek`TI kr ky ruhIlw ipMf v`l kUc kr id`qw[ ieh g`l 27 sqMbr 1621 dI hY[ aus vyly ruhIlw ivc bhuq QoVHy is`K mOjUd sn pr auh sn swry juJwrU ies kr ky aunHW ny A`gy v`D ky lVy qy h`Qo-h`QI lVweI ivc hmlwvrW dy ^Ub AwhU lwhy[ ies lVweI ivc (cMdU dw kuVm) Bgvwn dws GyrV mwirAw igAw sI Aqy aus dw pu`qr rqn cMd burI qrHW z^mI hoieAw sI[ A^Ir keI swQI mrvw ky Aqy burI qrHW hwr Kw ky hmlwvr mYdwn C`f gey[
Bgvwn dws dy mrn dy bwvjUd krm cMd qy rqn cMd tly nhIN[ Cy idn mgroN cMdU dw p`qr qy jlMDr qoN muZlW dI &Oj nUM vI cVHw ilAwieAw qy iqMnW (Bgvwn dws dy pu`qr dI, krm cMd dI qy muZl &Oj) ny Pyr gurU jI ‘qy hmlw kr id`qw[ 3 Akqbr 1621 dy idn iPr zbrdsq lVweI hoeI ijs ivc krm cMd (cMdU dw puqr) Aqy rqn cMd (Bgvwn dws dw pu`qr qy krm cMd dw swlw) mwry gey[ cMdU dw pu`qr krm cMd dI Ajy koeI AOlwd nhIN sI qy ies qrHW cMdU dw ^wndwn ^qm hoieAw[
gurU Arjn swihb dI ShIdI dy sbMD ivc kvIAW, hor lyKkW Aqy swky nwl sbMD r`Kx vwly lokW jW aunHW dy murIdW ny keI khwxIAW GV leIAW sn: ijvyN ik mIAW mIr v`loN ‘id`lI qy lwhOr dI ie`t nwl ie`t KVkwaux vwsqy iejwzq mMgxw’[ ieh khwxI mIAW mIr dy iksy murId jW iksy muslmwn lyKk dI GVI jwpdI hY[ mIAW mIr ies ShIdI nUM rokx vwsqy gurU swihb qoN iejwzq mMgx ikauN AwieAw qy is`Dw hI jhWgIr kol ikauN nw igAw? ieM\ hI cMdU dI nUMh/DI dw gurU swihb dy ijsm ’qy sVdI hoeI ryq pYNdI vyKx Awauxw qy duKI hoxw vwlI khwxI vI cMdU dy pirvwr nUM surKrU krn vwsqy GVI geI ho skdI hY[
gurU Arjn swihb ny ShIdI vwsqy jwx qoN pihlW CyvyN gurU, gurU hirgoibMd swihb nUM &Oj bxwaux vwsqy AwK id`qw sI[ aunHW dw pYZwm sI ik hux Drm bxwaux vwsqy zwlm inzwm dw hiQAwrbMd twkrw lwzmI ho jwvygw[
(kuJ bysmJ lok ies purb ’qy ies soc nwl CbIlW lwauNdy hn ik ies nwl svrgW ivc gurU jI dy ijsm nUM kuJ TMF phuMcygI[ ieh is`KI dy ault soc hY[ auN\ qW CbIl lwaux dw ies gurpurb nwl koeI sbMD nhIN pr jy iksy ny grmI dy mOsm ivc CbIl lwauxI hI hY qW aus dI numwieS Aqy ‘su`Knw su`Kx’ dI mnmiq vWg nhIN krnw cwhIdw)[
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)