Subhash Chander Bose
suBwS cMdr bos
suBwS cMdr bos (23.1.1897 -18.8.1945), pu`qr jwnkIdws bos, dw jnm ktk (EfIsw) ivc pRBwvqI bos dI kuK qoN hoieAw sI[ auh AwpxI mW dy 14 b`icAW ivcoN nOvIN QW ’qy sI[ ieh bMgwlI pirvwr aunHIN idnI ktk ivc rihMdw sI[ suBwS ny ktk ivc kwlj dI pVHweI mgroN pRYzIfYNsI kwlj klkqw ivc dw^lw ilAw[ aus ny klkqw XUnIvristI qoN i&lws&I ivc grYjUeySn dI ifgrI hwisl kIqI[ ies mgroN aus ny kyNbirj XUnIvristI qoN mYNtl AYNf mOrl swieMisz ivc grYjUeySn dI ifgrI hwisl kIqI[ aus ny Agsq 1920 ivc AweI.sI.AYs. dw iemiqhwn pws kIqw; Ajy ies iemiqhwn dw dUjw ih`sw bwkI sI ik aus ny AMgRyz srkwr dI nOkrI nw krn dw &Yslw kr ilAw[ sMn 1921 ivc auh mulk vwips Aw igAw Aqy AwzwdI dI lihr ivc Swiml ho igAw[ aus ny klk`qw qoN svrwj nW dw A^bwr SurU kIqw[ srkwr dy i^lw& ilKx kr ky sMn 1925 ivc aus nUM igR&qwr mWflw jyl ivc bMd kr id`qw igAw[ ie`Qy aus nUM qpidk (tIbI ) dI bImwrI ny Gyr ilAw ijs kr ky sMn 1927 ivc aus nUM irhw kr id`qw igAw[ jyl qoN bwhr Aw ky auh srb ihMd kWgrs dw jnrl sk`qr bx igAw[ dsMbr 1928 klk`qw ivc hoey kWgrs dy iejlws dw ieMqzwm ausy ny kIqw sI[ sMn 1930 ivc auh klkqw dw myAr bixAw (auh 22 Agsq 1930 qoN 15 ApRYl 1931 qIk myAr dy Ahudy ’qy irhw sI)[
sMn 1933 ivc auh AwstrIAw qy XUrp dy hor mulkW ivc igAw[ ies dOry dOrwn auh ietlI dy hwkm msolInI nUM imilAw[ iesy smyN ivc aus ny ‘ieMfIAn strgl’ ikqwb ilKI (jo lMfn qoN sMn1935 ivc CpI sI, pr srkwr ny bYn kr id`qI sI)[
suBwS cMdr bos pihlW gWDI qy nihrU dw pRsMsk sI, pr mgroN aus dy aunHW nwl isDWqk mqByd ho gey[ 18 jnvrI 1938 dy idn aus nUM srb ihMd kWgrs dw pRDwn cux ilAw igAw sI[ 27 nvMbr 1938 dy idn rwvlipMfI hoeI srb ihMd AkwlI kwn&rMs dI pRDwngI krn vwsqy auh aucycy qOr ’qy pMjwb ivc AwieAw sI[ Agly swl 31 jnvrI 1939 dy idn srb ihMd kWgrs dy nvyN pRDwn dI cox hoeI[ ies cox ivc suBwS cµdr bos, gWDI dI ihmwieq vwly aumIdvwr p`twBI sIqw rm`ieAw dIAW 1286 votW dy mukwbly ivc 1495 votW lY ky 209 votW dy &rk nwl muV pRDwn cixAw igAw sI (bImwr hox kr ky aus nUM strYcr ’qy pw ky iejlws ivc ilAwdw igAw sI[ ies cox ivc pMjwb dy swry dy swry fYlIgytW ny suBwS dy h`k ivc vot pweI sI[ suBwS bos qoN hwr jwx ’qy ‘roNd ip`tidAW’ gWDI-nihrU DVy dy v`lB BweI ptyl, AcwrIAw ikRplwnI, fwktr rwijµdr pRswd, BUlw BweI dysweI, syT jmnw dws, mOlwnw Azwd Aqy hwry aumIdvwr ny vrikMg kmytI qoN AsqI&y dy id`qy[ ies kr ky 29 ApRYl 1939 dy idn suBwS cMdr bos ny pRDwngI qoN hI nhIN kWgrs pwrtI qoN vI AsqI&w dy id`qw[
22 jUn 1939 dy idn aus ny &wrvrf blw`k nW dI jQybMdI kwiem kIqI; ies jQybMdI dw inSwnw ‘pUrn svrwj’ sI[ hux ikauNik suBwS cMdr bos kWgrs nUM C`f cukw sI, ies kr ky ibRitS srkwr, ies dw ^u&IAw mihkmw Aqy pulIs ny aus dI ^ws ingrwnI r`KxI SurU kr id`qI[ aus nUM aus dy Gr ivc hI nzrbMd kr id`qw igAw[
hux aus dw kMm krnw qkrIbn AsMBv ho igAw[ ies kr ky aus ny mulk C`f ky bwhr jw ky AwzwdI dI lihr clwaux dw &Yslw kr ilAw[ 16-17 jnvrI 1941 dI A`DI rwq vyly auh pTwn dy pihrwvy ivc, Awpxy BqIjy issr kumwr bos nwl, JwrKMf dy iek ngr pu`j igAw[ ie`QoN auh 26 jnvrI 1941 dy idn A&Zwinsqwn v`l cl ipAw[ sUbw srh`d ivc AwZw ^wn dI mdd nwl aus ny srhd pwr kIqI Aqy kwbul pu`j igAw[ ie`QoN aus ny ietYlIAn pwsport hwisl kIqw Aqy mwsko pu`j igAw[ auh rUs dy hwkmW nUM imilAw pr aus nUM aunHW qoN mdd dI Aws nw hoeI[ mwsko ivc auh jrmnI dy s&Ir nUM imilAw[ aus ny suBwS nUM jhwz rwhIN mwsko qoN jrmn dI rwjDwnI briln phuMcw id`qw[ aus vyly AYrivn moAml kol A&rIkw ivc igR&qwr kIqy 3000 BwrqI &OjI kYd sn[ aunHW ny ies &Oj nwl ihMd v`l Dwvw krn dw plwn bxwauxw SurU kr id`qw[
sMn 1942 ivc rUs ’qy hmlw krn kr ky ivc jrmnI dI &Oj dw bhuq nukswn ho igAw sI, ies kr ky ihMd au~qy hmlw krn dI kwrvweI nUM Aml ivc nw ilAWdw jw sikAw[ meI 1942 ivc ihtlr ny suBwS cMdr bos nUM d`Kx pUrbI eySIAw jwx vwsqy AwpxI pxfu`bI (sbmYrIn) dI pySkS kIqI[ ies dOrwn aus dI pqnI AYimlI SYnkI ny AnIqw bytI nUM jnm id`qw (suBwS cMdr ny AwpxI ies SwdI dw kdy izkr nhIN kIqw sI)[
&rvrI 1943 ivc suBwS pxfu`bI rwhIN jrmnI qoN cl ipAw[ mYfgwskr ivc auh ies qoN auqr ky jpwnI pxfu`bI ivc svwr ho igAw Aqy meI 1943 ivc sumwtrw phuMc igAw[ ie`Qy pu`j ky aus ny jnrl mohn isMG vwlI Azwd ihMd nUM &Oj muV jQybMd kIqw[ Azwd ihMd &Oj ny bhuq kwmXwbI hwisl kIqI[ ies imSn dOrwn iek vwr auh hvweI jhwz ivc s&r kr irhw sI ik aus dw jhwz hwdsy dw iSkwr ho igAw Aqy aus dw srIr burI qrHw sV igAw qy nwnmo (qweIvwn) dy hspqwl ivc 18 Agsq 1945 dy idn aus dI mOq ho geI[
sMn 1947 ivc AMgRyz ihMd nUM C`f gey Aqy hkUmq pMifq jvwhr lwl nihrU nUM sONp gey[ BwvyN suBwS cMdr bos dI mOq ho cukI sI, pr nihrU nUM hmySw S`k irhw sI ik jhwz dy hwdsy ivc suBwS dI mOq nhIN hoeI sI Aqy auh izMdw hY[ nihrU aus qoN eynw frdw sI ik aus ny 20 swl qk ^u&IAw mihkmy rwhIN suBwS dy pirvwr dy hr iek mYNbr ’qy ingwh r`KI sI.
1938 ivc kWgRs dw pRDwn bxn mgroN pMifq jvwhr lwl nihrU nwl
briln ivc ihtlr dy sB qoN nzdIkI swQIAW nwl (sMn 1941)
briln ivc ihtlr nwl (sMn 1941)
Azwd ihMd &Oj v`loN jwrI kIqw igAw iek not ijs au~qy suBwS cMd dI qsvIr sI
Bwrq srkwr v`loN jwrI kIqIAW do fwk itktW (1964)
