TheSikhs.org


Shivaji Marhatta


iSvwjI mrh`tw

SwhjI BONslw Aqy jIjw bweI dw pu`qr iSvwjI (6.4.1627 jW 19.2.1630 – 3.4.1680) mrh`tw kOm dw iek bhwdr jrnYl sI[ aus dw ipqw iSv Bgq sI ies kr ky aus ny pu`qr dw nW iSvwjI r`iKAw sI[ iSvwjI dw ipqw SwhjI BONslw d`Kx dy sulqwnW dI &Oj ivc nOkr sI[ aus vyly d`Kx dy sulqwnW dy iqMn muK kyNdr sn: bIjwpur, Ahmdngr Aqy golkMfw[ SwhjI sdw ie`ko irAwsq ivc nOkr nhIN irhw sI[ Ajy iSvwjI b`cw hI sI ik SwhjI BONslw ny iek hor SwdI kr leI Aqy krnwtk rihx lg ipAw[ ip`CoN iSvwjI dw pwln poSn koNifE dwdojI ny kIqw sI[ ies hwlq ivc iSvwjI nUM pVHweI qoN vWi\AW rihxw ipAw[ 12 swl dI aumr ivc aus nUM bMglOr iljwieAw igAw[ jvwn hox mgroN aus ny AwidlSwhI hkUmq dy i^lw& prcwr SurU kr id`qw[ aus ny 1645 ivc qornw iklHy ’qy kbzw vI kr ilAw, pr ieh kbzw bhuqI dyr nw c`ilAw qy 25 julweI 1648 dy idn iSvwjI nUM igR&qwr kr ilAw igAw[ jyLH ivc iSvwjI ny ieh drswauxw SurU kr id`qw ik aus isAwsq qoN rItwier ho igAw hY, ies kr ky kuJ swl mgroN aus nUM irhw kr id`qw igAw[ pr 1656 ivc aus ny iPr kbizAW dI muihMm SurU kr id`qI[ 1659 ivc sulqwn Awidl Swh ny A&zl ^wn nUM iSvwjI nwl g`lbwq vwsqy ByijAw[ iSvwjI ny 10 nvMbr dy idn aus nUM DoK nwl mwr id`qw[ies mgroN hoeI prqwpgVH dI lVweI ivc aus nUM ij`q hwisl hoeI[ ies mgroN kohlwpur dI lVweI ivc auh jyqU irhw[ pr muZlW nwl juMnr dI lVweI ivc vI auh hwr igAw[ ies ip`CoN AOrMgzyb dy cwcy Swiesqw ^wn ny iek v`fI &Oj nwl iSvwjI dy bhuq swry ielwky ’qy kbzw kr ilAw[ ApRYl 1663 ivc iSvwjI ny puny ivc muZl &OjW dw bhuq nukswn kIqw[ hux AOrMgzyb ny imrzw jY isMh AMbyrI nUM v`fI &Oj dy ky iSvwjI dy i^lw& rvwnw kIqw[ ies hwlq ivc iSvwjI ny mjbUr ho ky 11 jUn 1665 dy idn muZlW nwl ‘purMdr dy Aihdnwmy’ hyT smJOqw kr ilAw, ijs hyT aus nUM 23 iklHy Aqy 40 hzwr rupY hrjwn dyxw ipAw, Aqy, Awpxy pu`qr sMBwjI nUM zwmnI vjoN muZl drbwr ivc r`Kxw mnzUr krnw ipAw[ 1666 ivc AOrMgzyb ny iSvwjI qy aus dy pu`qr nUM Awgrw ivc bulwieAw[ jd aus nUM drbwr ivc mnsbdwrW dy ip`Cy KVHw kIqw igAw qW aus ny ieqrwz kIqw ijs ’qy aus nUM kYd kr ilAw igAw[ ies kYd ivcoN auh cwlwkI nwl B`j igAw[ AOrMgzyb ny aus nwl iPr smJOqw kr ilAw qy 1668 ivc aus nUM rwjw dw i^qwb moV id`qw igAw Aqy aus dy pu`qr sMBwjI nUM 5000 dw mnsb vI dy id`qw igAw[ ieh smJOqw isr& do ku swl c`ilAw[ 37 swl dI aumr ivc aus ny bIjwpur irAwsq dy AwidlSwhI sulqwn dI slqnq ivc AwpxI irAwsq dw mu`F bMinHAw[ aus dI qwjpoSI 6 jUn 1674 dy idn iSvnyrI iklHy ivc hoeI sI[ iesy swl aus ny KwndyS dw ielwkw vI kbzy ivc kr ilAw[ ies dOrwn aus dw pu`qr sMBwjI bhq A`XwS Aqy D`kyKor bx cukw sI[ iSvwjI ny aus nUM nzrbMd vI krI r`iKAw[ mwrc 1680 dy A^Ir ivc iSvwjI bImwr ho igAw qy iesy nwl hI isr& 50-52 swl dI aumr ivc hI aus dI mOq ho geI[

iSvwjI dy is`KW nwl vI sbMD sn[ aus dw ausqwd smrQ rwmdws gurU hrgoibMd swihb nUM 1634 ivc sRIngr (gVHvwl) ivc imilAw sI qy ieh i^Awl kIqw jWdw hY ik aus ny gurU jI v`loN id`qI isiKAw nUM A`goN iSvwjI nUM isKwieAw sI[ iSvwjI Aqy is`KW dw dUjw sbMD ieh hY ik BweI l`KI swh vxjwrw ny pYsy qy hiQAwrW Aqy hor keI kuJ nwl iSvwjI dI bhuq mdd kIqI sI[ l`KI rwey v`loN mrh`itAW dI mdd dy sbUq ies g“l qoN vI iml jWdy hn ik A`j vI aus ielwky ivc l`KI Swh dy lwey hoey keI KUh mOjUd hn. hor vyKo: smrQ rwmdws, sRIngr, l`KI rwey vxjwrw.

(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)