iSromxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI
iSoRmxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI ((vDyry kr ky SRomxI kmytI hI iliKAw jWdw hY) kmytI), auh Adwrw hY, jo gurduAwrw AYkt-1925 dI sUcI ivc drj qvwrI^I gurduAwirAW dI syvw sMBwl leI is`K bwlgW dIAW votW nwl cuxI jWdI hY[ ies sUcI ivc pMjwb, hirAwxw, ihmWcl Aqy cMfIgVH dy gurduAwry Swiml hn[ (pihlW ies ivc auh gurduAwry vI Swiml sn, jo 1947 ivc pwiksqwn bxn qoN bwAd p`CmI pMjwb ivc rih gey sn[ ienHW gurduAwirAW ‘qy pwiksqwn srkwr AOkw& rwhIN kMtrol krdI hY[ ip`Cy ijhy pwiksqwn srkwr ny vI gurduAwirAW dI syvw sMBwl leI “pwiksqwn is`K gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI” bxw id`qI, ijs dw pRDwn pihloN ie`k muslmwn sI[ AkqUbr 2004 ivc, muslmwn dI QW ‘qy iek is`K nUM rsmI qOr ‘qy pRDwn bxw id`qw igAw sI (auN\ swrw kMtrol pwiksqwn srkwr kol hI hY)[
gurduAwrw AYkt bxwaux vwsqy 1920 qoN 1925 qk bVI j`do-jihd krnI peI sI[ ies dOrwn 50 hzwr is`K igR&qwr hoey, 5 sO ShId hoey, 3 hzwr z^mI hoey Aqy l`KW rupey jurmwny vI Brny pey[ ies kwƒn dy bwvjUd keI gurduAwry (pwaUNtw, fyhrwdUn, ibdr, nMdyV, ptnw swihb vgYrw) is`KW ƒ nhIN iml sky[ 1947 qoN mgroN vI ies ivc keI qrmImW kIqIAW geIAW[ sB qoN v`fI D`kySwhI sI piqq Aqy AKOqI-sihjDwrI dy nW ’qy ihMdUAW dw kmytI dIAW coxW ivc votr bxnw[ ieh D`kw 2017 ivc kwnUMnI qOr ’qy ^qm hoieAw[ SoRmxI kmytI dIAW coxW hryk pMj swlW bwAd krvweIAW jWdIAw hn BwvyN 1965 qoN mgroN N 2004 qk (39 swlW ivc) isr& iqMn vwr hI (1979, 1996 Aqy 2004 ivc) coxW krvweIAW geIAW sn[ ies mgroN sq swl bwAd 2011 ivc coxW krvweIAW geIAW sn[ SoRmxI AkwlI dl hmySw 90% votW hwisl krdw AwieAw hY (2004 ƒ C`f ky, jdoN pMQk morcw dy swry DiVAW ny 42% votW pRwpq kIqIAW sn)[ 1948, 1958 Aqy 1962 ivc, BwrqI srkwr ny mYNbr ^rId ky SRomxI kmytI au~pr kbzw kr ilAw (pr AglIAW coxW ivc hmySw burI qrHW hwr KwDI)[ SRomxI kmytI dy pihly pRDwn suMdr isMG mjIiTAw, hrbMs isMG AtwrI qy bwbw KVk isMG sn[ 1926 ivc ‘gurduAwrw AYkt’ hyT hoeIAW coxW ivc bwbw KVk isMG pihly pRDwn bxy[ aunHW qoN mgroN mwstr qwrw isMG, gopwl isMG kOmI, pRqwp isMG SMkr, mohn isMG nwgoky, aUDm isMG nwgoky, cMnx isMG aurwVw, nwhr isMG, pRIqm isMG KuVMj, eISr isMG mJYl, bwvw hrikSn isMG, pRym isMG lwlpurw, AjIq isMG bwlw, ikrpwl isMG ckSyrw, cMnx isMG, gurcrn isMG tOhVw, bldyv isMG isbIAw, jgIr kOr, jgdyv isMG qlvMfI, ikrpwl isMG bfUMgr, Avqwr isMG m`kV, goibMd lONgovwl vgYrw vI pRDwn bxy[
SoRmxI kmytI kool hryk swl dw 1000 kroV rupY qoN vD dw bjt huMdw hY[ ieh iek qrHW nwl “rwj dy iv`c rwj” dI qrHW hY[ SRomxI kmytI “is`KW dI pwrlImYNt” bx skdI hY pr ies AkwlI dl v`loN nwmzd kIqy jWdy mYNbrW ivcoN bhuqy qW shI is`K vI nhIN huMdy ies kr ky ies dw Asl mksd ^qm ho cukw hY[ auN\ vI SoRmxI kmytI dy mYNbrW dI cox dw qrIkw is`KI isDwqW nwl myl nhIN KWdw[ iek isAwsI jmwq, klb, XUnIAn Aqy gurduAwry dI syvw sMBwl krn vwilAW dI cox dw FMg v`K-v`K hoxw cwhIdw hY[
SoRmxI kmytI gurduAwirAW dI syvw sMBwl qoN ielwvw, 60 qoN v`D skUl Aqy kwlj vI clwauNdI hY pr ienHW ivcoN koeI vI Adwrw koeI Dwrimk rol Adw nhIN kr irhw, ikauNik SoRmxI kmytI dy pRDwn (Kws qOr ‘qy gurcrn isMG tOhVw) ny izAwdwqr nOkrIAW kimaUinstW, ZYr-is`KW Aqy is`KI iv`c XkIn nw r`Kx vwilAW ƒ id`qIAW sn[ ieM\ hI Drm pRcwr dy kMmW dy nW ‘qy SRomxI kmytI dy kroVW ruipAW dy &Mf Zbn kr ley jWdy hn qy Gwlw-mwlw kr ilAw jWdw hY[ SoRmxI kmytI au~qy iek hor dwZ ieh vI hY isAwsI A`fw bxdI jw rhI hY[ gurcrn isMG tohVw 25 swlW qoN v`D ies dw pRDwn irhw sI ies leI ies dI kwrguzwrI ivc KVoq Aw geI sI[ tOhVw dI mOq (30.4.2004) qoN bwAd ieh Adwrw Dwrimk nwloN isAwsI vDyry bx igAw hY ikauNik pRkwS bwdl ies ƒ pwrtI Aqy in`jI &wieidAW leI vrqdw hY[
SRomxI kmytI dI hwlq iPr 1920 qoN pihlW mhMqW vwlI ho cukI hY[ SRomxI kmytI dw bhuqw pYsw, kwbz (bwdl) DVy dy, isAwsI qy bwdl DVy dI lIfriSp dy injI pRcwr vwsqy guAwieAw jw irhw hY[ Drm pRcwr dy &Mf nUM vI A-is`K kwrvweIAW vwsqy lu`itAw jw irhw hY[ bwdl dy bxwey pRDwnW iv`coN AlivMdrpwl isMG p`Koky, jwgIr kOr, ikRpwl isMG bfUMgr Aqy Avqwr isMG m`kV ny qW ies dy &MfW dI ^Ub lu`t-Ksu`t mcweI sI[ bwdl dIAW hdwieqW ivc SRomxI kmytI kurpSn, kuDrm, ivBcwr qy pwp dw A`fw bx ky rih geI hY[
– SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dy jnm bwry q&sIl jwxn vwsqy pVHo ikqwb: SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI ikvyN bxI?
– SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dIAW 50 swlw (1920-1970) qk dIAW kwrvweIAW bwry pVHo: SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dw pMjwh swlw ieiqhws.
vDyry q&sIl vwsqy pVHo
SromxI AkwlI dl (ieiqhws)
jW
is`K qvwrI^ (5 ijldW ivc).
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)