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surjn isMG Tykydwr

Tykydwr surjn isMG dw jnm 18 &rvrI 1914 dy idn s: ^uShwlisMG dy Gr kmwlIAw, qihsIl toBw tyk isMG izlHw lwielpur ivc hoieAw sI[ 26 swl dI aumr ivc auh SRomxI AkwlI dl ivc Swiml ho igAw[ 1947 qoN pihlW imMtgumrI Aqy nwnkwxw swihb ivc rihx mgroN, surjn isMG ny luiDAwxw ivc iek ri&aUjI vjoN irhwieS SurU kIqI Aqy AwpxI rozI dw islislw SurU kIqw[ 1947 qoN mgroN is`KW nUM Awpxy h`kW vwsqy BrpUr j`dojihd krnI peI [ mwstr qwrw isMG ny ies smyN ivc bhuq Aihm rol Adw kIqw[ pMjwb ivc hr QW is`K mwstr qwrw isMG Aqy AkwlI dl nwl juV gey[ mwstr jI dw swQ dyx vwilAW ivc luiDAwxw qoN vI bhuq swry inSkwm vrkr juVy ijnHW ivc luiDAwxw dy Tykydwr surjn isMG, sMq isMG gujrKwnI, kulvMq isMG duKIAw, rxjIq isMG nwz vI sn[surjn isMG dI pihlI igR&qwrI &rvrI 1949 ivc id`lI jWidAW mwstr jI dy nwl nrylw stySn ’qy hoeI sI[

meI 1955 ivc AkwlI dl nUM pMjwbI sUbw izMdwbwd morcw SurU krnw ipAw[ ies 55 rozw morcy ivc 12000 qoN vD is`K igR&qwr hoey ijnHW ivc rxjIq isMG nwz, sMq isMG gujrKwnI, Tykydwr surjn isMG qy aus dw Cotw Brw vI Swiml sn[ 1960 ivc jdoN pMjwbI subw morcw l`gw qW AMimRqsr dy nwl nwl id`lI Aqy luiDAwxw qoN vI morcw clwieAw igAw[ ies smyN surjn isMG ny mwlvy dy morcy nUM kmwl dI AgvweI id`qI[ surjn isMG AwpxI izMdgI ivc drjnW vwrI jylH igAw[ auh 1949, 1952, 1955, 1960, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1973 (krnwl morcw), 1975 (ieMdrw dI AMdrUnI AYmrjMsI i^lw& morcw), 1979, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986 ivc vI jylH igAw[

1962 ivc AsYNblI coxW ivc sMgqW ny aus nUM aumIdvwr bxwey jwx dI is&wrS kIqI pr aus ny ieh sIt bwbU bcn isMG vwsqy C`f id`qI jo AkwlI dl dI mdd nwl Awzwd ij`iqAw[ jd julweI 1962 ivc AkwlI dl do-PwV hoieAw qW aus ny mwstr qwrw isMG dw swQ id`qw qy A^Ir qk aus nwl swQ inBwieAw[ mwstr jI dI mOq mgroN aus dIAW koiSSW nwl luiDAwxw ivc ‘mwstr qwrw isMG mYmorIAl kwlj’ kwiem kIqw igAw[ 1968 ivc jd bIr Kwlsw dl dI vIh swlw kwn&rMs hoeI qW ies mOky ’qy inSwn swihb lihrwaux dI syvw aus nUM sONpI geI sI[ 1969 ivc jQydwr drSn isMG PyrUmwn dy vrq smyN aus ny Aihm rol Adw kIqw[ ies morcy dOrwn fw. jgjIq isMG cOhwn, jsvMq isMG mwn, hrijMdr isMG idlgIr, gurbcn isMG klsI aus nwl Aksr slwh mSvrw kirAw krdy sn[

1974 ivc AYmrjYNsI mgroN jd coxW hoeIAW qW vI aus nUM sIt pyS hoeI pr aus ny nWh kr id`qI[ 1978 ivc jd lok nwiek jY prkwS nwrwiex luiDAwxw AwieAw qW aus ny iek v`fI kwn&rMs kIqI ijs ivc ds l`K dy krIb lok Swiml hoey[ pMjwb dI qvwrI^ ivc ipCly 50 swl ivc (dUjIAW do kwn&rMsW 1929 ivc lwhOr qy 1956 ivc AMimRqsr dIAW AkwlI kwn&rMsW sn) ieh qIjI v`fI kwn&rMs sI, pr ies ivc aunHW dohW qoN vD lok Swiml sn[ ies dw ishrw surjn isMG Tykydwr Aqy aus dy swQIAW dy isr sI[

20 sqMbr 1981 dy idn jd igAwnI jrnYl isMG iBMfrWvwilAW dI igR&qwrI mgroN cOk mihqw ivc golI clI qW Agly idn 20 hzwr is`KW dw hjUm gurduAwrw klgIDr luiDAwxw dy bwhr iek`Tw ho igAw[ is`KW kol fWgW qy ikrpwnW vI sn[ ies soc ky ik joSIly nOjvwn ikqy qS`dd kr ky srkwr nUM zulm dw bhwnw nw dy dyx, auh jlUs dy A`gy KVHw ho igAw Aqy audoN qk is`KW nUM A`gy nw vDx id`qw jd qk swirAW ny fWgW au~Qy nw r`K id`qIAW[

1984 dy swky smyN vI aus nUM igR&qwr kIqw igAw[ jd AkwlI AwgU 1985 ivc irhw ho ky Awey qW iqMny muK AwgU sB qoN pihlW aus nUM imlx vwsqy luiDAwxw hspqwl ivc gey[ aus ny 1984 dI ^UnI nvMbr dOrwn id`lI qy hor sUibAW ivcoN kWgrs dy zulmW dw iSkwr ho ky Awey is`K ri&aUjIAW nUM vI pnwh id`qI[ meI 1986 ivc jd surjIq brnwlw ny drbwr swihb au~qy pulIs Dwvw kIqw qW auh AkwlI dl dw sInIAr mIq pRDwn sI[ swry sMjIdw vrkrW ny brnwlw dw swQ C`f ky nvW AkwlI dl bxw ilAw[ jQydwr surjn isMG Tykydwr nUM ies AkwlI dl dy AYfhwk prDwn bxwieAw igAw[ ies ’qy surjIq brnwlw ny aus nUM igR&qwr kr ky hzwrW mIl dUr iqRcnwp`lI jylH ivc Byj id`qw ij`Qy aus ny fyF swl qsIhy shy[

1992 ivc jd byAMq srkwr Aqy ky.pI. ig`l ny is`KW ‘qy AMqW dw zulm kIqw qW aus ny f`t ky aus dI inMdw kIqw[ jd koeI AwgU fridAW ibAwn qk vI nhIN sI dyNdw qW aus ny aus byAMq nUM ‘pwpI’ Aqy ‘gMd ivc plx vwlw kIVw’ ikhw[ byAMq ny bwlmIkIAW nUM ieh kih ky BVkwaux dI koiSS kIqI ik aus ny byAMq nUM ‘cUVHw’ ikhw hY[ pr bwlmIkI aus dIAW cwlW ivc nw Awey ikauNik aunHW nUM surjn isMG Tykydwr dI S^sIAq dw pqw sI[

1999 ivc jd bwdl ny tOhVw nUM AkwlI dl ivcoN k`F id`qw qW aus ny tOhVw dw pUrw swQ id`qw[ meI ivc tOhVw ny aus nUM srb ihMd AkwlI dl dw sInIAr mIq pRDwn bxwieAw[ Tykydwr surjn isMG ny tOhVw dy Aw^rI swhW qk aus dw pUrw swQ inBwieAw[ auN\ tOhVw ny surjn isMG Tykydwr nwl keI vwr byv&weI kIqI[ tOhVw hmySw Awp sOdybwzI kr ky Awpxy swQIAW nUM iek`ilAW C`f ky g`dI sWB ilAw krdw sI[

Tykydwr surjn isMG 1965 ivc SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dy mYNbr bixAw qy swrI aumr hr iek cox ivc ij`qdw irhw[ auh id`lI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dw vI (SRomxI kmytI v`loN) 23 swl mYNbr irhw[ luiDAwxw dy lok ij`Qy kwlIcrn nUM i&rkwpRsqI dw gYNg-lIfr mMndy hn, au~Qy aus nUM sB dw sWJw, AmnpRsq, s`cw su`cw, inSkwm AwgU kih ky Xwd krdy hn[ jQydwr surjn isMG Tykydwr ny AkwlI dl dy sB qoN Aihm AhuidAW ’qy hox dy bwvjUd vI kdy koeI srkwrI qwkq hwisl krn dI koiSS nhIN kIqI Aqy AwpxI ikrq kmweI nwl hI guzwrw krdw irhw [ auh swdgI, pMQ ipAwr, kurbwnI, iqAwg qy rUhwnIAq dw muj`smw sI[ luiDAwxw dy iqMn gurduAwry (gurduAwrw klgIDr, gurduAwrw Akwl gVH, gurduAwrw sbzI mMfI gaUGwt) Aqy mwstr qwrw isMG kwlj aus dI hI dyx hn[ ieh mhwn pMQ syvk 90 swl dI aumr ivc, 24 AkqUbr 2004 dy idn, ies &wnI dunIAW nUM C`f igAw.

(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

suQrw Swh/ suQrwSwhIey

suQrw Swh dy ipCokV bwry koeI shI jwxkwrI nhIN imldI[ iek irvwieq muqwibk aus dw jnm 1625* ivc bihrwmpur (hux izlHw gurdwspur) ivc iek nMdw KqrI prvwr ivc pYdw hoieAw sI[(*gurU hrgoibMd swihb 1620 ivc kSmIr qoN muVy sn, ies kr ky aus dw jnm 1620 dw ho skdw hY 1625 dw nhIN)[ jd auh pYdw hoieAw qW aus dy mUMh ivc dMd sn[ jd aus dymwipAW ny iek joqSI (pMfq) nUM ies bwry pu`iCAw qW aus ny aunHW nUM ikhw ik ieh b`cw mnhUs hY qy ijMnI CyqI ho sky ies nUM iqAwg dyxw cwhIdw hY[ ies ’qy aus dy mwpy aus nUM nyVy dy jMgl ivc C`f Awey[ aunHIN idnI gurU hrgoibMd jI kSmIr dy dOry qoN muV rhy sn[ aunHW ny rwh ivc ies b`cy nUM dyiKAw qW aunHW ny Awpxy swQIAW nUM ikhw ik auh aus nUM cu`k ilAwaux[
jd b`cw aunHW dy nyVy ilAWdw igAw qW aunHW ny ikhw ik ikMnw suQrw b`cw hY ijs nUM aus dy mwipAW ny iqAwg id`qw hY (ies qoN aus dw nW suQrw cl ipAw)[ gurU jI aus nUM goieMdvwl lY Awey Aqy Awpxy kol r`K ky pwilAw[ jd auh pMj swl dw hoieAw qW aus ny mwipAW nUM pqw l`gw ik aunHW dw b`cw qW gurU jI dy Gr ivc pl irhw hY[ auh goieMdvwl Awey qy gurU jI qoN muAw&I mMgI qy b`cy nUM vwips iljwaux dI iejwzq mMgI[ ies mgroN suQrw Gr muV igAw[ mwipAW dI mOq mgroN aus ny AwpxI swrI dOlq loVvMdW ivc vMf id`qI Aqy auh gurU jI kol clw igAw qy sMgqW dI syvw krn lg ipAw[ jd gurU jI nUM pqw l`gw ik aus ny swrI dOlq vMf loVvMdW ivc id`qI hY qW aunHW ny aus dy nW nwl Swh vI joV id`qw qy auh suQrw Swh vjoN jwixAw jwx lg ipAw[ aus ny AwpxI swrI izMdgI lok syvw ivc ibqweI[ aus dI mOq 62 swl dI aumr ivc, 1682 ivc, hoeI sI[ suQrw ny hwsrs dIAW kuJ kivqwvW vI ilKIAW sn[ aus nwl kuJ lok vI juV gey[ vkq bIqx nwl aunHW nUM suQrwSwhIey kihx lg pey[ mgroN aus v`loN AOrMgzyb dy swhmxy krwmwqW idKwaux dIAW khwxIAW vI juV geIAW sn[ ienHW khxIAW muqwibk AOrMgzyb ny aunHW nUM lokW qoN svw pYsw hr iek h`tI qoN augrwhx dI iejwzq dy id`qI sI[ mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny suQrwSwhIAW nUM bihrwmpur, snwvrI, btwlw, nUrmihl ivc bhuq swrIAW grWtW vI id`qIAW[ ienHW swrIAW QwvW ’qy aus dy fyry cldy hn[ pr hux suQrwSwhIey is`KI AsUlW qoN Btk cuky hn Aqy hor fyirAW vW| hI ivcrdy hn.

(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

sYd ^wn
gur rqn mwl (sO swKI) muqwibk iek ieh muZl jrnYl sI ijs ny 1702 ivc AnMdpur swihb ’qy hmlw kIqw sI[ ies mOky ’qy zbrdsq jMg hoeI sI[ jMg dOrwn ieh iek vwr gurU goibMd isMG jI dy iblkul rU-b-ru (Awhmo-swhmxy) Aw igAw[ auh gurU jI qoN eynw pRBwivq hoieAw ik aus ny hiQAwr su`t id`qy[ aus ny muZlW dI nOkrI C`f id`qI qy is`K bx igAw[ pr qvwrI^ ivc ieho ijhI koeI Gtnw nhIN hoeI[ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik sO swKI dy lyKk ny gurU jI dI S^sIAq dI mhwnqw dw ibAwn krn vwsqy ieh khwxI GVI hovy[ ieh vI jwpdw hY ik sYd ^wn Aqy sYd byZ ieko khwxI dy do rUp hn.

sYd byZ
gur pRqwp sUrj gRMQ dy lyKk sMqoK isMG muqwibk iek ieh muZl jrnYl sI ijs ny 1702 ivc Ail& ^wn nwl iml ky cmkOr ivc gurU goibMd isMG swihb ’qy hmlw kIqw sI[ jd ieh gurU goibMd isMG jI dy iblkul rU-b-rU (Awhmo-swhmxy) Aw igAw qW auh gurU jI qoN eynw pRBwivq hoieAw ik aus ny hiQAwr su`t id`qy[ aus ny muZlW dI nOkrI C`f id`qI qy is`K bx igAw[ mgroN auh gurU jI dI qr&oN phwVI rwijAW dI &Oj dy ivruD lVdw ShId hoieAw sI[ pr qvwrI^ ivc ieho ijhI koeI Gtnw nhIN hoeI[ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik lyKk ny gurU jI dI S^sIAq dI mhwnqw dw ibAwn krn vwsqy ieh khwxI GVI hovy[ ieh vI jwpdw hY ik sYd byZ Aqy sYd ^wn ieko khwxI dy do rUp hn.

(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

 sY&-aud-dIn/ sY& ^wn

nvwb sY&-aud-dIn ^wn (pu`qr qrbIAq ^wn) muZl inzwm ivc iek bhuq v`fw A&sr sI[ auh 1658 ivc Awgrw qy 1665 ivc kSmIr dw sUbydwr lwieAw igAw sI[ 1668 ivc aus ny Awpxy Ahudy qoN AsqI&w dy id`qw Aqy mOjUdw pitAwlw Sihr dy nyVy (pitAwlw Sihr qoN Cy Aqy pMjwbI XUnIvrstI qoN qkrIbn iek iklomItr dUr) iek iklHw bxw ky aus ivc rihx lg ipAw (mgroN ieh iklHw Aqy ipMf dw nW sY&wbwd kr ky jwixAw jwx lg ipAw)[

1669 ivc AOrMgzyb ny sY& ^wn nUM iPr bulw ky kSmIr dw sUbydwr bxn vwsqy mnw ilAw; pr 1671 ivc aus ny Pyr AsqI&w dy id`qw[ pr 1675 ivc aus nUM ibhwr dw sUbydwr bxnw mnzUr krnw ipAw[ 1683 ivc aus nUM Ahudw C`fxw ipAw qy auh sY&wbwd iklHy ivc rihx lg ipAw[ aus dI mOq ie`Qy hI 23 ApRYl 1685 dy idn hoeI[ jd gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb 1670 ivc ies ielwky ivc Awey qW aunHW dI mulwkwq ies nwl hoeI sI qy gurU jI aus kol kuJ smW rhy vI sn[ mgroN sqMbr 1693 ivc gurU goibMd isMG jI vI ies pwsy Awey Aqy sY& ^wn dy prvwr nUM vI imlx gey[1837 ivc pitAwlw dy rwjy krm isMG ny sY& ^wn dy vwirsW qoN ieh iklHw ^rId ilAw Aqy 1845 ivc ies dI murMmq krvw ky ies dw nW gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy nW ’qy bhwdrgHV r`iKAw[ mgroN ies ielwky nUM vI bhwdrgVH ikhw jwx lg ipAw.

(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

aUdw (rwTOr)

BweI aUdw BweI Kymw cMdnIAW dw bytw, BweI Drmw dw poqw Aqy BweI Bojw dw pVpoqw sI[ auh rwTOr-rwjpUq pirvwr nwl sbMD r`Kdw sI[ aus dw pirvwr gurU Arjn swihb dy vyly qoN is`KI nwl juiVAw hoieAw sI[ jdoN gurU hirgoibMd swihb ny &Oj bxweI qW ies pirvwr ‟coN keI jxy ies &Oj ivc Swiml hoey sn[ aus dy do qwey (BweI P`qy cMd qy BweI j`gU) qy iek cwcw (BweI AmIAw) krqwrpur qy PgvwVy dIAW lVweIAW ivc ApRYl 1635 ivc ShId hoey sn[

BweI aUdw dI gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nwl bVI muh`bq sI[ auh „c`k nwnkI‟ Aksr AwauNdy rihMdw sI[ 25 meI 1675 dy idn, jdoN BweI ikrpw rwm d`q nUM lY ky, kSmIr dy 16 bRwhmx gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb kol Aw &irAwdI hoey qW gurU swihb ny aunHW dI mdd vwsqy AOrMgzyb ƒ imlx dw &Yslw kIqw[ 8 julweI ƒ gurU goibMd (isMG) swihb ƒ gurg`dI sONp ky gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb c`k nwnkI qoN id`lI vwsqy c`l pey[ Awp dy nwl BweI idAwl dws, BweI mqI dws, BweI sqI dws, BweI gurid`qw qy BweI aUdw vI iqAwr ho gey[ gurU swihb ny BweI mqI dws, BweI sqI dws qy BweI idAwl dws nUM nwl ilAw[ auh pihlI rwq mlkpur rMGVW ivc Tihry[mgroN BweI gurid`qw qy BweI aUdw is`Dw id`lI cly gey sn[ gurU swihb dI ShIdI mgroN jdoN BweI jYqw (jIvn isMG) gurU swihb dw sIs lY ky id`lI qoN kIrqpur igAw qW BweI aUdw vI aunHW dy nwl igAw sI[ ies sbMD ivc B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI ivc ieh ieMdrwj imldw hY :“jYqw bytw AwigAw kw, nwnU bytw bwGy kw, aUdw bytw Kymy kw, gurU kw sIs pwie kIrqpur prgnw kihlUr Awey[ swl sqwrW sY b`qIs, mMghr sudI dsmI ky idhuM[ igAwrs ko dwg dIAw mwKoAwl myN, Awgy gurU kI giq gurU jwny[ gurU Awp Bwxy kw KwibMd hY[” (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI, Kwqw audwinE kw).

jdoN gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny &Oj bxweI qW BweI aUdw vI &Oj ivc Swiml hoieAw[ 1685 ivc gurU swihb ny jdoN pwauNtw swihb vswieAw qW BweI aUdw vI gurU swihb dy nwl au~Qy igAw[ 18 sqMbr 1688 dy idn jdoN gVHvwl dy rwjy &qih Swh ny gurU swihb ‟qy hmlw kIqw qy BMgwxI ivc lVweI hoeI qW aUdw qy hor isMGW ny &qih Swh dIAW &OjW dw f`t ky mukwblw kIqw[ duSmxW dy AwhU lwhuMdy BweI aUdw ies lVweI ivc ShIdI jwm pI gey[ ies vyly Awp dI aumr 42 swl dI sI[ {B`t vhI krisMDU dy s&w 151 au~qy 14-6-1646 dy idn BweI aUdw dy jnm dw izkr hY[ ies ^uSI ivc aUdw dy ipqw, BweI Kymw ny B`tW ƒ iek GoVw dwn vjoN id`qw sI}[ Awp dI ShIdI bwry B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI ivc ieM\ izkr imldw hY:“aUdIAw bytw Kymy cMdnIey kw poqw Drmy kw, pVpoqw Bojy kw, sUrj bMsI gOqm goqrw rwTOr rmwnw, gurU kI bUAw ky byty sMgoSwh, jIq ml byty swDU ky, poqy Drmy Kosly KqrI ky gYl rn BUMmI myN Awey[swl sqrW sY pYNqwlIs Asuj pRivSt ATwrW, BMgwxI ky mlHwn, jmnw igrI ky miDAwn rwj nwhn, eyk GrI idhuM Kly jUJMqy sUirEN gYl swmHy mwQy jUJ kr mrw[ gYloN hTI cMd bytw mweI dws kw….jlHwnw blauNq mwrw igAw[” (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI, Kwqw rmwinEN kw)[ ies ShIdI izkr “B`t vhI BwdsoN” dy s&w 24 ‟qy vI imldw hY.

BweI aUdw BweI rx ml dy bMs coN sI[ ieh prvwr lwfvw (izlHw kurUkSyqr) ivc rihMdy rhy sn[BweI mnI isMG dy jIjw BweI suKIAw mWfn vI ienHW dy bMs nwl hI sbMD r`Kdy sn.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

audwsI i&rkw

gurU nwnk swihb dy bwZI pu`qr sRIcMd qoN SurU hoieAw iek i&rkw[ sRIcMd ny mrn qoN pihlW gurU hirgoibMd swihb dy pu`qr gurid`qw nUM ies i&rky dI vwgfor sMBwl id`qI sI qy ies mgroN ieh is`KI dw prcwr krdy rhy sn[ ATHwrvIN sdI ivc ies i&rky nwl sbMDq pRcwrkW ny gurU sihbwn dI Xwd ivc bxIAW DrmswlvW qy mMjI swihb dI syvw sMBwlI r`KI[ mgroN ienHW ivcoN bhuqy is`KI qoN dUr ho gey[ ienHW ivcoN kuJ ihMdU Drm dw AMg bx gey qy kuJ ny audwsI DVy nUM Awzwd Drm bxw ilAw[

sRI cMd Aqy gurid`qw vyly ies i&rky dy cwr mu`K pRcwrk sn (ijnHW nUM DUeyN/DUxy ikhw jWdw sI)[ ieh cwr DUxy sn: (a) bwlU hsnw (A) Almsq (e) PUl Swh (s) goNdw/goieMdw[ mgroN ienHW dy 6 cyly bhuq mShUr hey ijnHW nUM 6 b^iSSW ikhw jWdw hY: 1. suQrySwhI (BweI suQrw) 2. sMgqswihbIey (BweI sMgq isMG/ BweIPyrU) 3. jIqm`lIey (BweI jIq m`l) 4. b^qm`lIey (BweI b^q m`l) 5. Bgq BgvwnIey (BweI Bgq Bgvwn) 6. mINhWSwhIey (BweI mINhWSwh)[ audwsI ivAwh nhIN krwauNdy sn qy ienHW dy isr ‘qy sylI topI, gl ivc mjITI colw qy h`Q ivc qUMbw huMdw sI qy ieh kys dwVHI nhIN munwauNdy sn[ mgroN jd ieh is`KI qoN dUr ho gey qW kuJ jtwDwrI ho gey qy kuJ muMifq (mony), BsmDwrI nWgy gyrUey/Bgvy rMg dy kpVy pwaux lg pey[

pihlW ieh DrmswlvW ivc rihMdy sn, iPr ienHW ny Awpxy AKwVy bxw ley[ mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny ienHW nUM bhuq jwgIrW id`qIAW qy ienHW ny QW QW fyry (AKwVy) kwiem kr ley[ drbwr swihb AMimRqsr dy duAwly vI vI rxjIq isMG ny ienHW nUM bhuq jgh id`qI ijs nwl ienHW ny au~Qy vI bRhm bUtw AKwVw, sRIcMd dw AKwVw, sMgl vwlw AKwVw qy keI hor AKwVy kwiem kr ley[ AkwlI lihr vyly ieh mhMqW dw swQ dyNdy rhy qy AKwiVAW ivc kukrm krdy rhy[ hux ieh bhuqw kr ky ihMdUAW dw iek swDU i&rkw bx cuky hn.
(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

audY isMG (prmwr)

BweI audY isMG BweI mnI isMG dw bytw, BweI mweIdws dw poqw Aqy ShId BweI b`lU dw pVpoqw sI[ ieh prvwr prmwr-rwjpUq ^wndwn nwl sbMD r`Kdw sI[ audY isMG dw jnm 27 AkqUbr 1665 dy idn ipMf AlIpur (izlHw muz`&rgVH) ivc hoieAw sI[ BweI mnI isMG ny ijnHW pMj pu`qrW ƒ gurU goibMd isMG swihb dy Arpn kr id`qw sI ieh aunHW ivcoN iek sI[ ieh BweI mnI isMG dy dsW pu`qrW ivcoN aumroN qIjy nMbr ’qy sn[

aus ny AwpxI aumr dy Aw^rI keI swl AnMdpur swihb ivc hI ibqwey[audY isMG dw ivAwh 2 mwrc 1693 dy idn AnMdpur swihb hoieAw sI:AnMdpur ky mlhwn rupauN sy mUMf BtoN kw Br id`qw[kI bDweI icq bicqR aUdy ibAwh kI, swl sqRW sY pcws sI ibqw[mYNhgy mol krhY hY dIey, murkI b`c k`nI AO bwilqw[ (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI).

aus dy Gr 7 pu`qrW ny jnm ilAw: mihbUb isMG, AjUb isMG, &qih isMG, Albyl isMG, mohr isMG, bwG isMG Aqy AnoK isMG[ ienHW ivcoN pMjW ny is`K pMQ dIAW lVweIAW ivc ShIdIAW hwisl kIqIAW[mihbUb isMG qy &qih isMG 13 meI 1710 dy idn cpV-icVI (srhMd) ivc, bwG isMG 28 dsMbr 1711 dy idn iblwspur ivc Aqy Albyl isMG qy mohr isMG 22 jUn 1713 dy idn sFOrw ivc ShId hoey sn[

jdoN gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny Kwlsw prgt kIqw qW audY isMG ny pMj ipAwirAW Aqy pMj mukiqAW qoN bwAd pihly bYc ivc pwhul leI sI (Aqy audY rwm qoN audY isMG bx igAw sI)[audY isMG iSkwr krn ivc vI mwihr sI[ iek vwrI aus ny qlvwr nwl Syr dw iSkwr vI kIqw sI[ ieh Gtnw 9 mwrc 1696 dI hY[

audY isMG iek bVw bhwdr, dlyr, Syridl Aqy jMgjU nOjvwn sI[ aus dI bhwdrI Aqy ihMmq dw koeI swnI nhIN sI[ Ssqr clwaux Aqy ^ws kr ky qIr-AMdwzI Aqy qlvwr-bwzI ivc aus dI rIs koeI nhIN sI kr skdw[ 29 Agsq 1700 dy idn jdoN phwVI &OjW ny qwrwgVH iklHy ’qy hmlw kr id`qw qW gurU swihb ny audY isMG dI isrdwrI hyT svw sO isMGW dw jQw ByijAw[ ies lVweI ivc bhuq swry phwVI mwry gey[ ieM\ hI pihlI sqMbr dy idn phwVI &OjW ny lohgVH iklHy ’qy hmlw kr id`qw[ ienHW &OjW dI AgvweI krn vwilAW ivc rwjw kysrI cMd jsvwlIAw vI sI[ aus dw mukwblw audY isMG nwl Awhmo-swhmxy hoieAw[ audY isMG ny qlvwr dy ieko vwr nwl kysrI cMd dw isr v`F ilAw Aqy brCy ’qy AVuMg ky aus ny gurU swihb dy kdmW ivc jw ByNt kIqw[

15 mwrc 1701 dy idn audY isMG dI AgvweI ivc hI is`K &OjW ny bjrOV ipMf dy zwlm gujrW Aqy rMGVW ƒ soiDAw sI[ 7 mwrc 1703 dy idn aus ny bsI klW ’qy hmlw kr ky dvwrkw dws nW dy bRwhmx dI pqnI ƒ jbr jMg KW dI kYd ’coN CufvwieAw sI[

5 Aqy 6 dsMbr 1705 dI rwq ƒ jdoN gurU swihb AnMdpur swihb C`ifAw qW audY isMG aunHW 40 isMGW ivcoN iek sI ijnHW gurU swihb dy AMg-sMg jIx-mrx dI ksm KwDI sI[ audY isMG gurU swihb dy nwl hI AnMdpur swihb ’coN inkilAw sI[ jdoN ieh kw&lw kIrqpur qoN vI A`gy lMG igAw qW srsw ndI dy nyVy phuMcidAW hI phwVI &OjW ny aunHW ’qy hmlw kr id`qw[ audY isMG ƒ gurU swihb ny SwhI it`bI ’qy morcw sMBwlx leI qwienwq kIqw[ aus dy nwl 50 isMG hor sn[ ienHW 51 isMGW ny qIrW nwl qy Pyr h`Qo-h`Q lVweI ivc qlvwrW nwl phwVI &OjW dw ft ky twkrw kIqw Aqy A^Ir ShIdIAW hwisl kIqIAW[ ies mOky ’qy sYNkVy phwVI mwry gey Aqy ieh 51 dy 51 isMG vI ShId ho gey[ ieh Gtnw 6 dsMbr 1705 dI svyr nUM hoeI sI[
audY isMG qy aus dw v`fw Brw bic`qr isMG Kwlsw &OjW dy sB qoN v`fy nwiek (hIro) sn[ aus dy “jQydwr” hox bwry izkr keI soimAW ivc imldw hY[audY isMG qkrIbn hr muihMm ivc A`gy ho ky jUiJAw sI[ keI vwrW qy qvwrI^I soimAW ivc ies sbMDI AkIdq BirAw izkr iml jWdw hY:
sB rwjy phuMcy Awie kY,
hux hoeIAW bhuq gubwrIAW[
audY isMG ivc rwh dy iPr qyZW mwrIAW[
GoiVAW pweIAW pwKrW isMG ley sMjoie[
rx ƒ vwgW cweIAW, hoxI hoie su hoie]
audY isMG idAW briCAW, khu Aw^r pweI[ ijs iml mwry sUrmy, khu ikQY jweI[ mwry ivc Bu`kl dy, dy h`Q s&weI[ isr k`ty vWgU qUMbVy kI A`q clweI[ audY isMG ivc Kyq dy Amr pdvI pweI]

(pMjwbI vwrW, sMpwdk ipAwrw isMG pdm, AYfISn 1980, s&w 281-820)
audY isMG (qy aus dy cwr BrwvW) ƒ gurU goibMd isMG jI ny 2 AkqUbr 1703 ƒ iek aucycw hukmnwmw bKS ky invwijAw sI[ ies hukmnwmy ivc AwiKAw hoieAw sI ik ieh pMjy “myry pu`qr PrjMdy Kwn zwd” hn[ jo sMgqW ienHW dI syvw krngIAW auh gurU dI drgwh ivc kbUl hoeI mMnI jwvygI[”

audY isMG dI ShIdI bwry “B`t vhI krisMDU” ivc iek ieMdrwj ieM\ imldw hY:
“audY isMG bytw mnI isMG kw, poqw mweI dws kw, pVpoqw b`lU rwie kw, cMdrvsI BwrduAwjI goqrw puAwr, bMs bINJy kw bMJrauNq jlhwnW, sMmq sqrW sY bwsT, poK mwsy idhuM swq gey, vIrvwr ky idvs, pcws is`KW ky gYl lY, SwhI it`bI ky mlhwn, prgnw BrqgV, rwj kihlUr, AwD GrI idhuM inkly, rwjw Ajmyr cMd bytw BIm cMd kw, poqw dIAw cMd kw, pVpoqw, qwrw cMd kw, bMs kilAwn cMd kI, cMdyl goqrw rwxy kI POj gYl bwrW GrI jUJ ky mrw[”

(B`t vhI, krisMDU, prgnw s&IdoN kw). B`t vhI dy ieMdrwj muqwibk audY isMG qkrIbn pMj GMty (12 GVIAW=288 imMt) dy krIb lVdw iehw sI[ eynw s^q-jwn sI audY isMG[ jy auh aus vyly ShId nw huMdw qW pqw nhIN ikMny GMty hor qlvwr clwauNdw rihMdw.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

audY isMG rwjw

audY isMG, pu`qr BweI lwl isMG qy rwxI swihb kOr, poqrw BweI dysw isMG, kYQl rAwsq dw rwjw sI[ ies prvwr ny 1767 qoN 1843 qk ies irAwsq ’qy hkUmq kIqI sI[ audY isMG ny kvI sMqoK isMG nUM AwpxI irAwsq ivc rK ky aus nUM Awpxw ‘gur pRqwp sUrj gRMQ’ ilKx vwsqy ^rcw Aqy hor swrIAW shUlqW muh`eIAw kIqIAW sn[ audY isMG dw koeI pu`qr nhIN sI[ aus dI mOq 15 mwrc 1843 dy idn ADrMg nwl hoeI[ aus qoN mgroN AMgryzW ny aus dI irAwsq ’qy kbzw kr ilAw.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

aUDm isMG ksyl

BweI aUDm isMG ksyl (15.3.1882 – 20.1.1926) dw jnm myvw isMG dy gr ipMf ksyl (hux izlHw qrnqwrn) ivc hoieAw sI[ 1907 ivc auh mlySIAw clw igAw qy kuJ smW au¤Qy rihx mgroN AmrIkw clw igAw[ AmrIkw ivc aus dw rwbqw sohn isMG Bknw, jvwlw isMG qy ivswKw isMG nwl ho igAw, ijnHW ny aus nUM Erygn dI iek iml ivc nOkrI lYx ivc aus dI mdd kIqI[ 1914 ivc jd Zdr lihr SurU hoeI qW auh ies ivc Swiml ho igAw qy mulk nUM Azwd krvwaux vwsqy auh pMjwb nUM cl ipAw[ rsqy ivc auh kWtn (cIn) qy pInWg ruikAw qy hiQAwr ^rIdx vwsqy ieMqzwm kIqw[ jd auh jhwz ivcoN klk`qw auqirAw qW aus nUM igR&qwr kr ky mulqwn jylH ivc bMd kr id`qw igAw[ aus ’qy muk`dmw clw ky aus nUM aumr kYd dI szw dy ky AMfymwn twpUAW qy bwAd ivc koieMbytUr ivc kYd kr id`qw igAw[

1921 ivc auh jylH qoN &rwr ho igAw[ ies mgroN auh kw&I smW kwbl (A&Zwinsqwn) ivc irhw qy ayu¤Qy Kwlsw dIvwn kwiem kIqw[ auh rUpoSI dy dOrwn AMimRqsr ivc AwauNdw rihMdw sI[ qyjw isMG smuMdrI Aqy mwstr qwrw isMG nwl aus dy fUMGy sbMD sn[ iek vwr auh pMjwb Aw irhw sI qW rsqy ivc, 20 jnvrI 1926 dy idn, do pTwxW ny aus nUM lu`tx dI nIAq nwl aus nUM kql kr id`qw[ jd lokW nUM aUDm isMG dI kOmI syvw dw pqw l`gw qW aunHW ny lutyry pTwxW dw smwijk bweIkwt kr id`qw.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

aUDm isMG nwgoky

jQydwr aUDm isMG nwgoky (1894 – 11.1.1966) dw jnm bylw isMG dy Gr nwgoky ipMf (AMimRqsr) ivc hoieAw sI[ jvwn ho ky auh &Oj ivc BrqI ho igAw pr CyqI hI nOkrI C`f id`qI[ ies vyly qk gurduAwrw suDwr lihr (1920-25) SurU ho cukI sI; auh ies ivc Swiml ho igAw[ aus dI pihlI igR&qwrI cwbIAW dw morcw (nvMbr 1921) ivc hoeI sI[ Agsq 1922 ivc aus ny gurU dw bwZ morcw ivc ih`sw ilAw[ pulIs ny aus nUM bVI byrihmI nwl ku`itAw[ aus dI irhweI 1923 dy SurU ivc hoeI[ irhweI mgroN aus nUM Akwl q^q swihb dI syvw sMBwl dy jQy dw jQydwr Qwp id`qw igAw (mgroN AKoqI jQydwr dy Ahudy dw BulyKw SurU ho igAw)[ 1923 ivc jYqo morcw SurU ho cukw sI[ 9 &rvrI 1924 dy idn 500 is`KW dw ShIdI j`Qw Akwl q^q qoN jYqo nUM rvwnw hoxw sI[ ikauNik auh syvk jQy dw jQydwr sI qy aus ny jQy nUM isropwE dy ky tornw sI, ies kr ky aus nUM iek idn pihlW igR&qwr kr ilAw igAw[ irhweI mgroN aus nUM muV ieh syvw sONp id`qI geI[

gurduAwrw AYkt bx jwx mgroN, 26 jnvrI 1926 dy idn s.b. mihqwb isMG qy kuJ hor AwgU, ies AYkt ’qy Aml krn dI Srq ’qy irhw ho gey qy aunHW ny bwhr Aw ky s.b. mihqwb isMG nUM SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dw pRDwn cux ilAw[ ies cox ’qy ros zwihr krn vwsqy aUDm isMG ny Akwl q^q swihb dI syvw qoN ieh kih ky AsqI&w dy id`qw ik “mYN SrqW mMnx vwly pRDwn hyTW syvw nhIN kr skdw[”

aUDm isMG nwgoky ny 1929-30 dI ikswn lihr ivc vI igR&qwrI id`qI[ 1930 ivc auh SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dw mYNbr cuixAw igAw[ 1930 ivc aus ny gWDI dI isvl nw&urmwnI dI lihr ivc vI igR&qwrI id`qI[ 1935 ivc auh SRomxI AkwlI dl dw pRDwn cuixAw igAw[ aus nUM 1936, 1937 qy 1942 ivc muV igR&qwr kIqw igAw qy auh 1945 qk jylH ivc irhw[ 1946 ivc auh AYm.AYl.ey. cuixAw igAw[ auh 26.6.1948 qoM 18.3.1950 qk qy iPr 26.11.1950 qoN 29.6.1952 qk SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dw pRDwn vI irhw[ ikauNik hux auh kWgrs pwrtI dw v&wdwr bx cukw sI ies kr ky jvwhr lwl nihrU ny aus nUM 1952 ivc Bwrq syvk smwj dw muKI Qwp id`qw[ 1953 ivc nihrU ny aus nUM rwj sBw dw mYNbr bxvw ilAw[ aus ny nihrU nUM ^uS krn vwsqy mwstr qwrw isMG Aqy AkwlI dl dI r`jvIN mu^wl&q kIqI[ pr ies dy bwvjUd nihrU ny aus nUM dobwrw rwj sBw dI sIt nw id`qI[ ies ’qy auh 1960 ivc rwjgopwlwcwrIAw dI suqMqr pwrtI ivc Swiml ho igAw qy aus nUM dw pMjwb dw muKI QwipAw igAw[ 1960 dy pMjwbI sUbw morcw (25.5.1960 – 9.1.1961) ivc aus nUM vI igR&qwr kIqw igAw[ ies mgroN auh Pyr kWgrs pwrtI dy nyVy ho igAw qy jd julweI 1962 ivc kYroN ny Pqih isMG gMgwngr nUM mwstr qwrw isMG dy i^lw& KVHw kIqw qW aus ny Pqih isMG dw ft ky swQ id`qw[ 1966 ivc AwpxI mOq qoN kuJ idn pihlW aus ny Awpxy iek swQI drSn isMG PyrUmwn kol ieMkSw& kridAW mMinAw ik kWgrs, nihrU qy kYroN dw swQ dy ky aus ny is`K pMQ nwl ZdwrI kIqI sI[ aus ny PyrUmwn nUM ikhw ik mYN qW mrn qoN pihlW Awpxw pwp Do nhIN skWgw, pr qUM Aijhw nw krI qy pMQ vwsqy kuJ kr ky jweIN[ aus dy ienHW l&zW kr ky hI PyrUmwn ny 15 Agsq 1969 dy idn mrn vrq rK ky vrq dy 74vyN idn, 27 AkqUbr 1969 dy idn AwpxI jwn ’qy Kyf igAw sI[ hor vyKo: drSn isMG PyrUmwn.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

aUDm isMG sunwm

aUDm isMG (26.12. 1899 – 31.7.1940) pu`qr tihl isMG sunwm (izlHw sMgrUr) ivc pYdw hoieAw sI[ 1907 vc aus dy mwipAW dI mOq ho geI[ ies mgroN aus nUM cI& Kwlsw dIvwn AMimRqsr dy XqIm Kwny ivc dwi^l krvw id`qw igAw[ 1918 ivc aus ny dsvIN pws kr leI[ 13 ApRYl 1919 dy idn jd jnrl fwier ny jilHAW vwlw bwZ AMimRqsr ivc inh`Qy lokW qy golIAW clweIAW qW auh au¤Qy hwzr sI[ ies Gtnw ny aus dy mn ivc AMgryz hwkmW vwsqyy n&rq Br id`qI[ kuJ icr mgroN hI bbr AkwlI lihr (1921-26) SurU ho geI qy auh ies ivc Swiml ho igAw[ ies dOrwn auh igR&qwr ho igAw qy aus koloN hiQAwr brwmd hox kr ky aus nUM Aslw AYkt hyT cwr swl kYd dI szw hoeI[ auh 1931 ivc irhw hoieAw[

ies mgroN auh sunwm clw igAw[ pr, puls Aqy ^u&IAw eyjMsIAW qoN qMg Aw ky auh AMimRqsr Aw igAw Aqy au¤Qy pyNtr dw kMm krn lg ipAw[ aus ny Awpxw nW bdl ky muhMmd isMG Azwd rK ilAw[ eyQy Aw ky aus nUM jilHAW vwlw bwZ dw swkw vwr-vwr Xwd AwauNdw irhw qy auh aus dw bdlw lYx dI soc nwl 1933 ivc lMfn clw igAw[ auQy auh AwpxI soc mn ivc r`Ky cupcwp mOkw aufIkdw irhw[ A^Ir 13 mwrc 1940 dy idn aus ny 1919 ivc pMjwb dy gvrnr mweIkl aufvwier (jnrl fwier nhIN) nUM golIAW mwr ky kql kr id`qw[ auh auQoN B`ijAw nhIN qy igR&qwrI id`qI[ aus ‘qy rsmI muk`dmw clw ky swFy iqMn mhIny ivc hI &WsI dy id`qI geI[ aus dI lwS nUM lMfn ivc hI d&nwieAw igAw sI[ aus dIAw AsQIAW 1975 ivc pMjwb ilAw ky sunwm ivc sskwr kIqw igAw[ aus nUM SrDWjlI vjoN sunwm dw nW ‘sunwm aUDm isMG’ r`iKAw igAw.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

au¤jl isMG

au¤jl isMG (27.12.1895 – 15.2.1983) dw jnm sujwn isMG dy Gr ipMf hfwlI (pwiksqwn) ivc hoieAw sI[(au~jl isMG mShUr ilKwrI ^uSvMq isMG dw s`kw cwcw sI)[25 swl dI aumr ivc auh iek fYlIgySn dw ih`sw bx ky lMfn igAw[ ies nwl aus nUM bhuq mShUrI hwisl hoeI[ vwips Awaux qy auh SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dw mYNbr bx igAw (qy 1930 qk mYNbr irhw)[ 1926 ivc auh pMjwb AsYNblI vwsqy cuixAw igAw[ 1937 qoN 1942 qk auh pwrlImYNtrI sYktrI vI irhw[ 1946 ivc auh kWstIcUAYNt AsYNblI dw mYNbr cuixAw igAw[ aus ny qy gurmuK isMG muswi&r ny BwrqI ivDwn ’qy dsq^q kIqy sn, jd ik hukm isMG qy BUipMdr isMG mwn ny nWh kr id`qI sI[

AMgryzW dy jwx mgroN nvyN ihMdU hwkmW ny is`KW nwl dUjy drjy dy SihrIAW vwlw slUk krnw SurU kr id`qw[ is`K AwgU ies smyN soc vI nw sky ik Bwrq ivc fYmokrysI dy nwAry hyTW Gt-igxqIAW ƒ dubyl bxwaux jW AKOqI-sYkUlirzm dy nW hyT Gt igxqI Drm ƒ ^qm krn dI swijS hovygI[ bhuigxqI dI bolI, Drm Aqy kOmIAq dy Asr hyTW is`K kOm ƒ iek qrIky nwl ^qm krn dI koiSS kIqI jw rhI sI[

SRomxI AkwlI dl ies vyly is`KW dI ieko-iek, vwihd numwieμdw jQybμdI sI[ igAwnI krqwr isμG AkwlI dl dw pRDwn sI[ svrn isμG, au~jl isμG, aUDm isμG nwgoky, eISr isμG mJYl, PyrUmwn vZYrw hor mOkw-pRsqW vwgU AkwlI dl C`f ky kWgrs ivc jw ky AhuidAW dI ieμqzwr kr rhy sn jW hwisl kr cuky sn[ 4 julweI 1955 dy idn puils ny drbwr swihb ’qy hmlw kIqw[ ies hmly dy i^lw& AμimRqsr dy dukwndwrW ny ausy idn mukμml hVqwl kr id`qI[ Agly idn swry pμjwb dy is`K dukwndwrW ny hVqwl kIqI[ (bwbw) KVk isμG, swbkw kWgrsI vzIr eISr isμG mJYl, sμq isμG swbkw rwjdUq qy bhuq swry kWgrsIAW ny vI ies hmly dI zbrdsq inμdw kIqI[ dUjy pwsy pRqwp isμG kYroN, gurbcn isμG bwjvw qy drSn isμG PyrUmwn ny ies hmly dI hmwieq kIqI[ cI& Kwlsw dIvwn ny vI drbwr swihb ’qy hmly dI kwrvweI dy i^lw& iek s^q mqw pws kIqw[ pr au~jl isμG ny ies mqy dy i^lw& vot id`qw Aqy pRotYst vjoN cI& Kwlsw dIvwn qoN AsqI&w dy id`qw[ au~jl isMG dI ies v&wdwrI dy eInwm vjoN Bwrq srkwr ny gvrnrI dw Ahudw id`qw[ auh 1.9.1965 qoN 26.6.1966 qk pMjwb dw qy 28.6.1966 qoN 16.6.1967 qk qwimlnwfU dw gvrnr irhw[

15-16 mwrc 1981 nUM cI& Kwlsw dIvwn ny swlwnw ‘is`K AYjUkySnl kwn&rμs’ cμfIgVH ivc krvweI[ ies dy 16 mwrc 1981 dy sYSn ivc ‘is`K iek v`KrI kOm hn’ Aqy ‘is`KW ƒ XU.AYn.E. ivc AYsoiseyt mYNbriSp id`qI jwvy’ dw mqw zor pw ky pws kIqw igAw[
AwrIAw smwj Aqy hor i&rkU ihμdU jmwqW qW pihlW hI is`KW dI A`frI pCwx Aqy Awzwd hsqI dy i^lw& pRcwr krdIAW rihμdIAW sn; hux ies mqy dy pws hox ’qy aunHW ny hor zor-Sor nwl pRcwr krnw SurU kr id`qw[ ies pRcwr dw nqIjw ieh hoieAw ik isr& is`K ivdvwn qy nOjvwn hI nhIN blik swry isrkrdw is`K ies muhwz ivc iek plyt&wrm ’qy iek`Ty ho gey[ qkrIbn hr srgrm vrkr Aqy AwgU, hr pμQk jQybμdI qy hr iek is`K ivdvwn ny ‘is`K iek kOm hn’ Aqy ‘XU.AYn.E. ivc is`KW dI numwieμdgI’ dy h`k ivc ft ky stYNf ilAw[ dUjy pwsy cI& Kwlsw dIvwn ny, srkwr dy ies tofI, au~jl isμG v`loN ies nukqy ’qy pRotYst krn Aqy AsqI&w dyx dI DmkI qoN fr ky, 15 mwrc 1981 ƒ pws kIqw mqw, vwips lY ilAw[ (au~jl isμG pihloN vI hr iek is`K msly bwry ‘duSmxW-vrgI’ soc rKdw sI[ auh hr is`K-mu&wd dy nukqy ’qy pμQ dy muKwil&W dw swQ dy ky pμQ-duSmxW qoN zwqI &wiedw lYNdw rihμdw sI)[

‘is`K iek kOm hn’ dw mqw is`K AYjUkySnl kwn&rμs ny pws kIqw sI qy cI& ^wlsw dIvwn vloN ies ƒ vwips nhIN sI ilAw jw skdw isr& is`K AYjUkySnl kwn&rμs hI ies nUM vwips lY skdI sI pr aus nUM ies vwsqy spYSl ielws bulwauxw pYxw sI jW Agly swl dI kwn&rMs qk aufIkxw pYxw sI[ auN\ vI ies jQybμdI vloN ieh mqw ‘vwips’ lYx nwl koeI &rk nhIN sI pYNdw, ikauNik ies jQybμdI dI lokW ivc koeI hsqI nhIN sI[ aultw, ies kwrvweI mgroN hr pwsy is`K dIvwnW, jlisAW, mIitμgW, sYmInwrW qy hor iek`TW ’c ‘is`K iek kOm hn’ Aqy ‘XU.AYn.E. ivc is`K numwieμdgI’ dI ihmwieq ivc sYNkVy mqy pws kr ky is`KW ny AwpxI eykqw dw iezhwr kIqw[

au~jl isMG ny ies qoN mgroN vI is`KW dI hr mMg dI ivroDqw kIqI qy srkwr qoN eInwm ley[ ies eInwm vjoN hI Bwrq srkwr ny aus ny mrn qk iksy nw iksy Ahudy ’qy bxweI r`iKAw.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

aumr Swh

frolI BweI (izlHw mogw) dw vwsI sMGw j`t goqR dw is`K, ijs nUM gurU Amr dws swihb ny ielwky dw msMd QwipAw sI[ gurU Arjn swihb vyly aus ny drbwr swihb AMimRqsr dI auswrI smyN (^ws kr ky iemwrqW dI icxvweI ivc) bhuq ipAwr nwl syvw inBweI sI[ aumr Swh pUjw dy Dwn nUM vrqxw zihr Kwx dy brwbr smJdw sI[ ies dw pu`qr nMd cMd sMGw gurU goibMd isMG swihb vyly drbwrI dIvwn bxwieAw igAw sI, jo 1691 ivc AnMdpur qoN corI B`j igAw sI. hor vyKo: nMd cMd, dIvwn, frolI BweI.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)

au¤qm isMG hWs

BweI au~qm isMG (pu`qr BweI jIq isMG) dw jnm hWs (izlHw luiDAwxw) ivc hoieAw sI[ aus dw bcpx dw nW rwGo isMG sI[ jd auh jvwn hoieAw qW kMm dI Bwl ivc auh knyfw clw igAw[ jd Zdr pwrtI kwiem hoeI qW auh ies dw srgrm mYNbr bx igAw[

jd pwrtI ny jMgy-AwzwdI vwsqy pMjwb v`l kUc kIqw qW auh vI vqn Aw igAw[ aus ny bhuq swrIAW kwrvweIAW ivc ih`sw ilAw[ 11 jUn 1915 dy idn v`lw ipMf dy hmly ivc (ijs ivc 2 bMdy mwry gey sn) jd auh nwmzd ho igAw qW auh rUpoS ho igAw pr A^Ir 19 sqMbr 1915 dy idn mihmw srjw ipMf ivcoN PiVAw igAw[ aus ’qy rsmI muk`dmw clw ky aus nUM PWsI dI szw suxweI geI[ aus nUM 18 jUn 1916 dy idn lwhOr jylH ivc PWsI id`qI geI.

(fw hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)