rwxI mihqwb dyvI Aqy g`dW kWgVw dy rwjy sMswr cMd dIAW DIAW sn[ auh Awpxy husn vwsqy dUr-dUr qk mShUr sn[ sMswr cMd dI mOq mgroN aus dw pu`qr AinruD cMd rwjw bixAw sI[ sMn 1828 ivc jd rwjw AinruD cNMd AwpxI mW qy dohW BYxW nwl &qih isMG AwhlUvwlIAw dy pu`qr inhwl isMG dy ivAwh ivc Swiml hox vwsqy AwieAw sI qW iDAwn isMh fogrw ny koiSS kIqI sI ik aus dy pu`qr hIrw isMh dw ivAwh rwjw sMswr cMd dI DI Aqy nvyN rwjy AinruD cMd dI BYx g`dW nwl ho jwvy[ pr kWgVy dy rwjy ies fogrw prvwr nUM Awpxy qoN bhuq hI nIvW smJdy sn Aqy rwjpUqW dI ‘nwjwiez’ AOLwd mMndy sn[ ies hwlq ivc iDAwn isMh dI qæwkæq qoN frdI kuVIAW dI mW AwpxIAW DIAW nUM nwl lY ky sqluj pwr kr ky mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy ielwky ivcoN inkl ky AMgryzI ielwky ivc clI geI sI[ ies dy nwl hI auh eynw fr geI sI ik aus ny ies g`l nUMM idl nUM lw ilAw sI qy auh kuJ hI idnW mgroN idl dy dOry nwl mr geI sI[ auDr jdoN rxjIq isMG ny AinruD cMd nUM AwpxIAW BYxW moV ilAwaux vwsqy ikhw qW auh aunHW nUM ilAwaux dy bhwny AMgryzI ielwky v`l igAw sI pr muV ky nhIN AwieAw sI[ CyqI hI auh vI sdmy nwl mr igAw sI[ hux rxjIq isMG ny sMswr cMd dy nwjwiez pu`qrW ivcoN iek nUM kWgVy dw rwjw bxw id`qw sI, pr nwl hI bdlw lYx vwsqy rxjIq isMG ny sMswr cMd dIAW dohW DIAW nUM Awp (jbrI) ivAwh ilAw sI[
iek vwr rxjIq isMG nUM iek rwxI ny pu`iCAw ik quhwfI sB qoN ^UbsUrq rwxI ikhVI hY qW aus ny ikhw ik morW myrI sB qoN ^UbsUrq rwxI hY[ hwlW ik g`dW sB qoN vD ^UbsUrq sI, pr rxjIq isMG v`loN iek nwcI dI cwplUsI nUM g`dW ny idl nwl lw ilAw Aqy aus ny zihr Kw ky ^udkuSI kr leI sI[ ies mgroN mihqwb dyvI bhuq audws rihx lg peI sI[ 28 jUn 1839 dy idn jdoN mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw sskwr kIqw igAw qW ieh aus dI icKw ivc sqI ho ky sV geI sI.