hIrw isMh fogrw
hIrw isMh (1816-21.12.1844), pu`qr iDAwn isMh fogrw, dw jnm rwmgVH (jMmU qoN qkrIbn 25 iklomItr dUr) ivc hoieAw sI[ iDAwn isMh, cwplUsI Aqy hor hrby vrq ky, Aqy Awpxy Awp nUM mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw sB qoN vD „v&wdwr‟ idKw ky aus dw pUrw &wiedw auTwauNdw sI[ hYrwnI dI g`l qW ieh hY ik iDAwn isMh nUM aus ny „rwjw klW‟ (v`fw rwjw) dw drjw qW id`qw hoieAw sI; aus ny qW ies dy pu`qr hIrw isMh nUM 12 swl dI aumr ivc „rwjw‟ dw drjw dy id`qw sI, Aqy nwl hI Awpxw „&rzMdy-^ws‟ (^ws pu`qr) vI AYlwinAw hoieAw sI[ aus ny nW ‟qy ikMnIAW hI jwgIrW lweIAW hoeIAW sn, ijnHW dI kImq audoN pMj l`K rupY swlwnw sI[
15 sqMbr 1843 dy idn AjIq isMG sMDwvwlIAW ny mhwrwjw Syr isMG ƒ golI mwr ky mwr idqw qy aus dw isr v`F ilAw[ dUjy pwsy lihxw isMG sMDwvwlIAW ny roNdy-kurlWdy 12 swl dy b`cy pRqwb isMG (puqr mhwrwjw Syr isMG) ƒ vI kql kr id`qw[ kuJ mgroN dovyN sMDwvwlIey iDAwn isMh kol hzUrI bwg gey qy glbwq krn dy bhwny aus ƒ iklyH ivc iljw ky kql kr id`qw[ hux aunHW ny Awpxy swQIAW ƒ iklyH dI kmWf sONp id`qI Aqy drv wzy bMd krvw id`qy[ sMDwvwlIey iDAwn isMh dy pu`qr hIrw isMh qy Brw sucyq isMh fogrw ƒ vI kql krnw cwhMudy sn pr auh dovyN ienHW dy h`Q nw lgy[ auDr jd hIrw isMh ƒ Awpxy bwp dy kql dI ^br imlI qW auh rox-kurlwaux lg ipAw[ aus dy vzIr pMfq jlHw ny aus ƒ slwh idqI ik auh &Oj ƒ Awpxy nwl rlw ley[ ies ‟qy hIrw isMh &Oj lY ky lwhOr ƒ cl ipAw[ aus ny bu`DU dy Awvy kol jw fyry lw ley[ ies dy nwl hI aus ny iek dm &OjIAW dIAW qn^whW vDw ky aunHW ƒ Awpxy ihmwieqI bxw ilAw[ hIrw isMh ny sMDwvwlIAW ƒ AMgryzW dy eyjMt AwK ky &Oj ƒ BVkw vI idqw[ ies &Oj ny lwhOr iklHy ‟qy hmlw kr idqw[ fyF idn dI lVweI mgroN iklHw ijiqAw igAw[ ies lVweI ivc iek hzwr dy krIb bMdy dohW pwisAW qoN mwry gey[ lihxw isMG ƒ ies lVweI ivc golI lgI qy auh QweyN hI mwirAw igAw[ AjIq isMG ny sMgl nwl iklyH dI kMD qoN auqrn dI koiSS kIqI[ iksy ispwhI ny aus nUM pCwx ilAw qy PV ky aus dw isr v`F ilAw[ AjIq isMG dy nwl hI lihxw isMG dw isr vI v`F ky iklHy dy drvwzy ‟qy ltkw idqw igAw[ ienW dy swQIAW gurmuK isMG igAwnI (pu`qr sMq isMG igAwnI), bylI rwm qoSwKwnIAw qy rwm ikSn ƒ vI PV ky bydrdI nwl kql kr id`qw igAw[ aunHW dIAW lwSW vI gMdgI ivc su`t ky zmIn ivc dbw idqIAW geIAW[
ies ^UnI dirAw ƒ vhwaux dy dOrwn 5 swl dy nwbwlg kMvr dlIp isMG ƒ 18 sqMbr 1843 dy idn g`dI ‟qy ibTw id`qw igAw sI[ hIrw isMh fogrw aus dw vzIry-Awzm (pRweIm minstr) bx igAw sI[ hux hIrw isMh kol swrI qwkq Aw geI qy ies nwl aus ivc v`fI hYNkV vI Aw geI[ hux auh swrI qwkq Awpxy kol rKxI cwhuMdw sI Aqy iksy ƒ vI ies ivcoN ih`sw nhIN dyxw cwhMudw sI[
BwvyN dlIp isMG „mhwrwjw‟ sI qy rwxI ijMdW aus dI gwrfIAn sI pr Asl qwkq hIrw isMh fogrw Aqy aus dy vzIr pMfq jlHw kol sI[ ies vyly hIrw isMh dw qwieAw gulwb isMh jMmU dw rwjw sI[ mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy do hor puqr ipSOrw isMG qy kSmIrw isMG ies vyly isAwlkot ivc sn[ gulwb isMh ienHW ƒ vI Kqm krnw cwhuMdw sI[ dohW SihzwidAW dw iek Aihlkwr mihqwb isMG, gulwb isMh fogry nwl imilAw hoieAw sI[ jdoN aunHW ƒ ieh rwz pqw lgw qW aunHW ny aus ƒ mrvw idqw[ ies ‟qy gulwb isMh g`usy ho igAw[ iesy kr ky auh ienHW ƒ koeI frwmw rc ky ^qm krnw cwhuMdw sI[ AprYl 1844 dy SurU ivc jrnYl gulwb isMG kwhloN mnhwlIAw (fogrw nhIN) ny aunHW ƒ isAwlkot ‟coN inklx ivc mdd kIqI[ kSmIrw isMG au~QoN inkl ky nOrMgwbwd ivc bwbw bIr isMG dy fyry ‟qy phMuc igAw[ auDr Aqr isMG sMDwvwlIAw vI kurUkSyqr qoN muV AwieAw sI qy auh vI bwbw bIr isMG dI Srn ivc Aw cukw sI[
jdoN hIrw isMh fogrw ƒ Aqr isMG sMDwvwlIey Aqy kMvr kSmIrw isMG dy nOrMgwbwd ivc hox dw pqw lgw qW aus ny &Oj ƒ aus pwsy kUc krn dw hukm dy idqw[ pihlW aus ny bwbw bIr isMG ƒ pYZwm ByijAw ik auh Aqr isMG ƒ aus dy hvwly kr dyvy[ ies ‟qy bwbw bIr isMG ny jvwb ByijAw ik jo S^s gurU Gr ivc pnwh mMg ley aus ƒ Srx idqI jWdI hY qy iksy duSmx dy hvwly nhIN kIqw jWdw[ hux hIrw isMh ny fogrw XuUintW Aqy AwpxIAW dUjIAW v&wdwr XUintW ƒ bwbw bIr isMG dy fyry ‟qy golwbwrI krn vwsqy ikhw[ hIrw isMh dw hukm sI ik iksy ƒ igR&qwr nhIN krnw qy bs kql krI jwxw hY[ ies hukm hyT lwB isMh fogrw dI &Oj ny AwauNidAW hI goly clwey[ ienHW ivcoN iek golw bwbw bIr isMG dI l`q ‟qy l`gw qy auh burI qrHW z^mI ho igAw[ jdoN jrnYl gulwb isMG ƒ bwby dy z^mI hox dw pqw lgw qW auh bwbw jI ƒ imlx AwieAw[ aus ny hwl-cwl pu`Cx mgroN bwby ƒ ikhw ik auh Aqr isMG ƒ aunHW dy hvwly kr dyx[ ies vyly Aqr isMG Awp vI au~Qy Aw igAw[ gulwb isMG aus vyly AjIq isMG sMDwvwlIey dy GoVy ‟qy svwr sI[ Awpxy mwry jw cuky BqIjy dw GoVw vyK ky aus nUM roh Aw igAw[ aus ny AwpxI donwlI bMduUk coN iek golI jnrl gulwb isMG ‟qy clweI, ijs nwl auh mwirAw igAw[ ies ‟qy gulwb isMG dy &OjIAW ny bMdUkW clw ky Aqr isMG ƒ mwr idqw qy aus dw isr v`F ilAw[ ies mgroN aunHW ny golIAW mwr ky kMvr kSmIrw isMG, mhwrwjw Syr isMG dw dIvwn ivswKw isMG Aqy sYNkVy (Swied hzwrW) hor is`K mwr idqy[ ies dy nwl hI hIrw isMh dI &Oj ny swrw fyrw vI lut ilAw[ ies kqlyAwm ivcoN kuJ lok bc ky inkl gey Aqy dirAw vl dOVy[ dirAw dy dUjy pwsy kpUrQlw dI &Oj ny golwbwrI kr ky ienHW ivcoN bhuqy is`K mwr id`qy[ ies mgroN hIrw isMh dI &Oj Aqr isMG sMDwvwlIAw dw isr lY ky hIrw isMh kol lwhOr pu`jI qy eInwm hwisl kIqy[ ieh kqlyAwm 6 meI 1844 dy idn hoieAw sI[
jd bIr isMG, kMvr kSmIrw isMG qy sYNkVy/hzwrW is`KW dy kql dI ^br is`K &OjIAW qk phMucI qW aunHW ivc hIrw isMh dy i^lw& bhuq gu`sw &YilAw[ jd ies dI sUh hIrw isMh ƒ imlI qW aus ny bhuq swry is`K jrnYl htw idqy Aqy v`fI igxqI ivc is`K &OjIAW dI vI Cu`tI kr idqI[ pMfq jlHy dI slwh ‟qy aus ny bhuq swry fogry, ihmWclI phwVIey Aqy muslmwn &Oj ivc BrqI kr ley[ aus ƒ fr sI ik Blk ƒ mslw au~Tx ‟qy is`K &OjI aus ƒ mwr vI skdy hn[ hzwrW ZYr-is`KW nUM &Oj ivc BrqI krn dy bwvjUd vI hIrw isMh is`KW qoN burI qrHW frdw rihMdw sI[
13 dsMbr 1844 dy idn poh mhIny dI sMgrWd sI[ bRwhmxW ny rwxI ijMdW ƒ Brmw ky dwn-pMun krvwaux vwsqy ikhw[ rwxI ny bRwhmxW dy nwl-nwl inhMgW, PkIrW Aqy ZrIb-gurby ƒ lMgr pwxI CkwieAw Aqy QoVHI-QoVHI rkm vI id`qI[ ies swry dw Krc qkrIbn pMj hzwr rupY AwieAw[ rwxI ny hIrw isMh ƒ Drm-ArQ Kwqy ivcNo ieh rkm dyx vwsqy AwiKAw[ aus vyly ies mihkmy dw cwrj pMfq jlHw kol sI[ aus ny AwK ByijAw ik dwn isr& bRwhmxW ƒ iml skdw hY, inhMgW jW PkIrW ƒ nhIN[ jlHy ny isr& do sO rupY rwxI ƒ Byjy[ rwxI ny ieh rkm vwips moV idqI Aqy is`K jrnYlW qy hor mohqbr is`KW dw iek`T bulw ilAw[ rwxI ny h`Q joV ky ienHW ƒ mu^wiqb hMuidAw AwiKAw: “Kwlsw jI ieh pwqSwhI quhwfI hY[ qusIN hI swnUM b^SI hY[ dlIp isMG bwlk hY[ ieh phwVIey rwjy Aqy jlHw idloN swƒ mwr dyxw cwhMudy hn[ ieh swfw ikhw vI nhIN mMndy[ swfw-quhwfw ieSt Kwlsw jI hY[ aus dI syvw pUjw nhIN krn dyNdy[ eyQy swfy irhwieSI kmirAW ivc vI zorI vV AwauNdy hn qy D`kw krdy hn[ jW qusIN swƒ mwr idE jW ienHW dI kYd coN k`Fo[” ieh sux ky is`K jzbwqI ho gey qy roh ivc Aw gey qy aunHW ny rwxI dI mdd krn dw vwAdw kIqw[ Agly pMj-Cy idn keI is`K rwxI ƒ imlx AwauNdy qy mdd krn dw vwAdw krdy rhy[ aunHW ivcoN keI qW rwxI dI r`iKAw vwsqy aus ‟qy pihrw vI dyx lg pey[
hIrw isMh fogry ƒ rwxI ijMdW dy iek`TW dw pqw lgw qW auh Gbrw igAw[ hux aus ƒ jwpx lg ipAw ik koeI nw koeI is`K &OjI aus ƒ zrUr kql kr dyvygw[ ies kr ky aus ny jMmU nUM B`j jwx dw &Yslw kIqw[ aus ny Awpxw Aqy lwhOr drbwr dy hIry-jvwhrwq qy hor swrw Kzwnw iek`Tw kIqw Aqy s`q hwQIAW ‟qy l`d ilAw[ 21 dsMbr 1844 ƒ auh swrI cwr hzwr fogrw &Oj nwl lwhOr qoN jMmU vl cl ipAw[ CyqI hI ies dI ^br is`K jrnYlW ƒ iml geI[ bhuq swrI is`K &Oj GoiVAW ‟qy svwr ho ky ienHW dy ip`Cy cl peI[ rsqy ivc is`KW Aqy fogirAW ivc ^Ub lVweI hoeI[ is`K &OjW ny fogirAW dy ^Ub AwhU lwhy[ bhuq swry fogry mwry gey[ lwhOr qoN 35-40 iklomItr dUr qk lVweI huMdI geI[ ie`Qy iek ipMf lubwixAW dw sI[ is`K &Oj nyVy pu`jI vyK ky, hIrw isMh, pMfq j`lHw, sohx isMh (puqr gulwb isMh fogrw) qy lwB isMh fogrw ie`Qy luk gey[ pr kuJ icr mgroN, jd aunHW ƒ bhuq ipAws lgI qW auh iek KUh vl Awey[ is`K &OjIAW dI ingwh aunHW vl peI qW aunHW ny ienHW qy bMdUkW nwl golIAW clwauxIAW SurU kr id`qIAW[ ienHW nwl hwQI qy bYTw sohx isMh mwirAw igAw[ lwB isMh fogry ƒ vI golI lgI[ auh GoVw Bjw ky jMmU vl clw igAw[ is`K &OjW ny aus dw ip`Cw kIqw qy 7-8 iklomItr dUr jw ky aus ƒ Gyr ky mwr idqw[ ies dy nwl hI is`K POjIAW ny hIrw isMh ‟qy vI hmlw kIqw[ aus ny A`goN twkrw kIqw pr iek is`K dy nyzy nwl auh vI mwirAw igAw[ pMfq jlHw qW qlvwr dy iek vwr nwl hI mwirAw igAw[ ienHW swirAW dy mrn mgroN &OjW drbwr dw swrw ^zwnw qy hor swrw mwl-m`qw lY ky lwhOr muV AweIAW[ hux fogry ZdwrW ivcoN isr& gulwb isMh hI ip`Cy rih igAw sI.
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)