Harminder Singh Sandhu
hrimMdr isMG sMDU (jnm 1957) iek skUl tIcr dw pu`qr sI[ sMn 1981 qoN 1984 qk ieh BweI AmrIk isMG dI pRDwngI hyT is`K stUfYNts &YfrySn dw jnrl sk`qr irhw sI[ sMn 1982 qoN 1984 qk auh igAwnI jrnYl isMG iBMfrWvwilAW dw AMgRyzI dw duBwSIAw (ieMtrprYtR) dw rol inBwauNdw irhw sI[ ies kr ky auh bhuq mShUr ho igAw sI[
ies dI SwdI igAwnI jrnYl isMG iBMfrWvwilAW ny Awp kIqI sI[ auh &Oj dy hmly ivc mwrI geI sI[ 4 jUn 1984 dy idn BwrqI &Oj ny drbwr swihb ’qy hmlw kIqw qW svw ku sO KwVkUAW ny &Oj dw ft ky mukwblw kIqw[ ies mOky ’qy hrimMdr isMG sMDU qy mnjIq isMG (Brw BweI AmrIk isMG) Aqy aunHW dy kuJ hor swQI jQydwr tOhVw rwhIN Awpxy Awp nUM SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dy mulwzm d`s ky &Oj h`QoN mwry jwx qoN bc gey[ ienHW swirAW nUM joDpur jyl ivc kYd kr id`qw igAw[ sMn 1985 ivc pMjwb dy gvrnr Arjn isMh ny plwinMg kr ky srkwr qy is`KW dw smJIqw krwaux dI Xojnw iqAwr kIqI[ pihlW hrimMdr isMG sMDU qy mnjIq isMG nUM joDpur jyl ivcoN bI.AYs.AY&. dy hYlIkwptr ivc id`lI iljwieAw igAw sI; pr rwjIv nwl g`lbwq isry nhIN sI cVHI (ijhVI mgroN lONgovwl Aqy surjIq brnwlw rwhIN isry cVH geI sI)[ lONgovwl smJOqy hyT 11 mwrc 1985 dy idn 8 sInIAr AkwlI AwgU irhw kr id`qy gey[ qy 12 mwrc nUM is`K stufYNts &YfrySn qoN pwbMdI vI htw leI geI[ pr ies smJOqy dy bwvjUd sMDU Aqy hor &YfrySn AwgU vI irhw nhIN sn kIqy gey[
sMn 1989 ivc lok sBw dIAW coxW ivc KwVkUAW dI ij`q mgroNBwrq dy nvyN pRweIm minstr vI.pI. isMh ny aus nUM qy hor keI is`K AwgUAW nUM irhw krn dy hukm id`qy sn[ sMDU qy aus dy swQIAW nUM 15 dsMbr 1989 dy idn irhw kIqw igAw sI[jnvrI 1990 ivc aus ny AwpxI mwrI jw cukI pqnI dI BYx nwl SwdI kr leI[ ienHIN idnIN aus ny Kwlsw pMcwieqW kwiem krn dw AYlwn kIqw[ 24 jnvrI 1990 sI svyr nUM aus nUM aus dy Gr ivc golIAW mwr ky mwr id`qw[ ieh kæql dljIq isMG ib`tU dy swQIAW v`loN kIqw igAw sI[ ieh kql iek dm nhIN sI kIqw igAw[ ies qoN pihlW jnrl lwB isMG Aqy aus dy swQIAW ny sMDU dy Bwrq srkwr nwl imly hox dw doS lwauxw SurU kr id`qw hoieAw sI[ lwB isMG Aqy dljIq isMG ib`tU ieh nhIN sI cwhuMdy ik sMDU ‘Kwlsw pMcwieqW’ bxw ky is`KW dw AwgU bx jwvy[ sMDU dy rol bwry hmySw do rwvW rhIAW sn pr aus dy ivroDI ^ud vI S`kI rol vwly jwxy jWdy sn[ aus dy kql sbMDI cyqwvnI pihlW hI dy id`qI geI sI[ BweI AmrIk isMG dy Brw mnjIq isMG nUM ies dw pqw sI[ kql krn vwilAW ny ies dy shury nUM vI smJwieAw sI ik auh aus dI SwdI ies nwl nw kry ikauNik ies dw kql ho jwxw hY[ ies kql ny &YfrySn ivc &u`t pw id`qI[ rijMdr isMG mihqw qy AmrjIq isMG cwvlw ny vKrI &YfrySn bxw leI qy dljIq isMG ib`tU ny BweI mnjIq isMG dI pRDwngI hyT vKrI[ pihlW qW ib`tU dy swQIAW ny hrimMdr nUM ShId d`s ky aus vwsqy smwgm vI kIqy pr mgroN aus nUM ‘srkwr nwl imilAw hoieAw hox’ dw doS lw ky aus dy kql nUM shI kihxw SurU kr id`qw sI[ CyqI hI ies kql dI izMmydwrI dljIq isMG ib`tU (&YfrySn), Kwilsqwn ilbrySn &ors (prmjIq isMG pMjvV), pMQk kmytI (fw sohn isMG) Aqy Kwilsqwn ilbrySn &ors ny Awpxy isr lY leI sI[ auN\ qW pihlW vI swizSW cl rhIAW sn pr ies kql nwl kbwielI kqlW dw nvW dOr SurU ho igAw sI[
is`K stufYNts &YfrySn ivc &u`t dw ipCokV: drbwr swihb dy hmly qoN mgroN is`K stUfYNts &YfrySn dy bhuqy AwgU jylW ivc sn[ aus vkq hrivMdr isMG Kwlsw biTMfw bwhr sI qy mIq pRDwn hox dy nwqy auh AYkitMg pRDwn vjoN kwrvweI krdw irhw sI[ ies mgroN, jd iBMfrW mihqw jQw (cOk mihqw fyrw) Aqy &YfrySn dy kwrkuMnW dw 26 jnvrI 1986 dw drbwr swihb dw iek`T hoieAw qW &YfrySn nUM muV jQybMd krn dw &Yslw hoieAw[ ies vyly AiqMdrpwl isMG BUpwl &YfrySn dw sInIAr mIq pRDwn sI pr auh ieMdrw kql kys ivc vwrMtf sI[ ienHIN idnIN jUnIAr mIq pRDwn hrivMdr isMG Kwlsw biTMfw ny iek idn hrcMd isMG lONgovwl dy hk ivc ibAwn dy id`qw[ ies kr ky &YfrySn vwilAW ny hirMdr isMG kwhloN nUM is`K stUfYNts &YfrySn dw knvInr bxw id`qw sI[ 30 mwrc 1986 dy idn BweI mnjIq isMG qy hrimMdr isMG sMDU ny jyl ivcoN hI &YfrySn dy knvInr hirMdr isMG kwhloN nUM htw ky iek ‘pRIzIfIAm’ bxw id`qI[ ies ivc gurjIq isµG hrIhr Jok (BqIj juAweI bwbw jrnYl isMG iBMfrWvwlw), kulvµq isµG kµvl, suKdyv isµG A`kWvwlI, DrmbIr isµG, suKbIr isµG id`lI Swiml sn[&YfrySn dI iek sq mYNbrI slwhkwr kmytI vI bxweI geI[ ies ivc Swiml sn: dlbIr isµG pqrkwr, (pRo:) mihµdr isµG DwlIvwl, AiqMdrpwl isµG (Bopwl) vZYrw Swiml sn[ hirµdr isµG kwhloN, Bgvwn isµG mokl, hrdIp isµG shoqw, hrimMdr isµG Aqy crnjIq isµG cMnI (j: qlvµfI dw BqIjw) ny ies pRIzIfIAm nUM mMnx qoN nWh kr idqI qy AwiKAw ik nvIN pRIzIfIAm dy bhuiqAW mYNbrW dw ikrdwr S`kI hY[ mgroN gurjIq isµG hrIhr Jok ny vI ies nUM r`d kr id`qw[ ies nwl &YfrySn do tukiVAW ivc vMfI geI[ ies dorwn, 5 ApRYl 1986 dy idn, mnbIr isMG chyVU v`loN suKdyv isMG (aur& jnrl lwB isMG) Aqy guirMdr isMG Bolw nUM pulIs ihrwsq ivcoN CufwieAw jw cukw sI[
auDr 5 julweI 1986 dy idn brnwlw srkwr ny hirµdr isµG kwhloN nUM igR&qwr kr ilAw[ ies ’qy &YfrySn vrkrW ny mnbIr isMG chyVU nwl slwh kr ky srbjIq isMG ropV nUM &YfrySn dw knvInr AYlwn kr id`qw[ jnrl lwB isMG cwhuMdw sI ik srbjIq isMG ropV hrimMdr isMG sMDU, rijMdr isMG mihqw, AmrjIq isMG cwvlw, ivrsw isMG vltohw nUM &YfrySn ivcoN k`F dyvy[ pr, jd srbjIq isMG ropV ny jnrl lwB isMG dIAW hdwieqW hyT c`lx qoN nWh kr id`qI qW aus ny aus nUM rsqy ivcoN htwaux dI skIm bxweI[ ies swzS hyT aus dy i^lw& ieh ^brW PYlweIAW geIAW ik auh srkwr nwl imilAw hoieAw hY[ audoN mnbIr isMG chyVU Ajy igR&qwr nhIN hoieAw sI[ aus ny srbjIq isMG ropV dy i^lw& &YlweIAW jw rhIAW A&vwhW nUM pUrI qrHW r`d kridAW aus dw pUrw pUrw swQ id`qw sI[8-9 Agsq 1986 dI rwq nUM mnbIr isMG nUM igR&qwr kr ilAw[ ies bwry ieh crcw vI cilAw ik ies igR&qwrI ip`Cy gurjIq isMG dw h`Q sI (ikauNik mnbIr isMG dI igR&qwrI Aqy srbjIq isMG ropV dy kql dw aus nUM is`Dw &wiedw imilAw Aqy auh &YfrySn dw AYkitMg pRDwn bx igAw)[ srbjIq isMG dy swQIAW muqæwibkæ jnrl lwB isMG ny ies dw &wiedw auTwauNidAW mnbIr isMG dI igR&qwrI ip`Cy srbjIq isMG ropV dw nW prcwrnw SurU kr id`qw qy aus nUM ^qm krn dI skIm GVI[
aus ny 27 Agsq 1986 dy idn srbjIq isMG ropV nUM Kwlsw kwlj AMimRqsr ivc bulw ilAw Aqy aus nUM aus dy iek swQI hrdIp isMG shoqw sxy ^qm kr id`qw Aqy mgroN aultw ieh pRcwr SurU kr id`qw ik auh puls kYt bx igAw hY[ ies qoN iek dm bwAd jnrl lwB isMG ny BweI mnjIq isMG nUM pRDwn mMn ky gurjIq isMG hrIhr Jok nUM &YfrySn dw knvInr bxw id`qw Aqy nwl hI hrimMdr isMG sMDU, AmrjIq isMG cwvlw, rijMdr isMG mihqw qy ivrsw isMG vltohw nUM &YfrySn ivcoN k`Fx dw AYlwn kr id`qw[ BweI mnjIq isMG pihlW qW jnrl lwB isMG dy nwl sI pr jd aus ny hrimMdr isMG sMDU vgYrw nUM &YfrySn ivcoN k`iFAw qW aus ny ies &Ysly dI mu^wl&q kIqI Aqy ies nUM mMnx qoN nWh kr id`qI sI[
guirMdr isMG Bolw dw kql: guirMdr isMG Bolw (pu`qr gopwl isMG qy bIbI suirMdr kOr), vwsI qwrnqwrn DrmXu`D morcy dw iek srgrm kwrkuMn sI[ auh bwbw jrnYl isMG iBMfrWvwlw dy bhuq nzdIk sI[ ies lihr dOrwn aus nUM jMifAwlw qoN igR&qwr kr ky aus nUM joDpur jylH ivc r`iKAw igAw sI[ auQoN 5 AprYl 1986 dy idn aus nUM iqMn hor swQIAW sxy rmyS kql kWf ivc pyS krn vwsqy jlMDr ilAWdw igAw qW aus dy swQIAW ny Kwilsqwn kmWfo Pors dy muKI mnbIr isMG chyVU dI AgvweI ivc AYkSn kr ky aus nMU do horW swQIAW (suKdyv isMG aur& jnrl lwB isMG Aqy svrnjIq isMG AlwdInpur) smyq Cufw ilAw sI; ies AYkSn dOrwn 6 ispwhI vI mwry gey sn[ ies mgroN guirMdr isMG Bolw ny bhuq swrIAW kwrvweIAW ivc ih`sw ilAw[ Bolw hrimMdr isMG sMDU dy nyVy sI Aqy puls qoN Cufwey jwx mgroN vI auh &YfrySn vwsqy sMjIdw rol Adw kr irhw sI[ Bolw dy swQIAW muqæwibkæ, suKdyv isMG (aur& jnrl lwB isMG) hrimMdr isMG sMDU dy swQIAW nUM rsqy ivcoN htw ky swrI lihr dw ifktytr bxnw cwhuMdw sI[ guirMdr isMG Bolw, srbjIq isMG ropV qy mnbIr isMG nUM auh Awpxy rwh dy roVy smJdw sI[ ies hwlq ivc aus ny iek idn guirMdr isMG Bolw nUM cOk mihqw ivc bulw ilAw[
aunHW idnW ivc jQw iBMfrW mihqw dy kuJ AwgU ieh pRcwr kr rhy sn ik bwbw jrnYl isMG iBMfrWvwlw ShId nhIN hoey Aqy auh gupq rih ky j`dojihd dI AgvweI kr rhy hn pr guirMdr isMG Bolw ies hrkq dy i^lw& sI[ A^Ir jnrl lwB isMG gru`p ny aus nUM D`ky nwl rokx dw &Yslw kr ilAw Aqy iek idn DoKy nwl aus nUM (Swied cOk mihqw fyry ‘qy) bulw ilAw[ ies mOky ‘qy aus nUM ikhw igAw ik auh iBMfrWvwlw nUM ShId nw ikhw kry[ pr aus ny ies JUT bolx dy hukm nUM mMnx qoN nWh kr id`qI[ ies ‘qy aus nUM &qvw id`qw igAw ik “ijhVw khygw ik iBMfrWvwlw ShId ho gey hn aus dy mUMh ivc kIVy pYxgy[” ies dy bwvjUd Bolw Awpxy stYNf ’qy AiVAw irhw Aqy kihx l`gw ik “mYN s`c bolWgw mYnUM kIVy pYx dI prvwh nhIN[” jnrl lwB isMG iksy nw iksy bhwny aus nUM rwh ivcoN htwauxw cwhuMdw sI[ ies bol bulwry dw bhwnw lw ky jnrl lwB isMG dy hukm hyT gurnwm isMG buMfwlw (ijs nUM j`lwd ikhw jWdw sI, jo 2022 ivc Ajy vI izMdw hY) ny Bolw nUM golI mwr id`qI[ieM\ auh s`c bolx dy nW ’qy AwpsI duSmxI ivc mwirAw igAw sI[
suKdyv isMG sKIrw dw kql: AwpsI duSmxI dI swizS hyT hI mShUr KwVkU suKdyv isMG sKIrw nUM 5 meI 1986 dy idn kql kr kr id`qw igAw sI[ mgroN aus dy swQI v`sx isMG sKIrw nUM vI mwr id`qw igAw sI[ ieh dwAvw kIqw jWdw hY ik sKIrw dy kql dw hukm fyrw cOk mihqw ivcoN id`qw igAw sI[ iek hor somy muqæwibkæ aus nUM gurnwm isMG buMfwlw (aur& j`lwd) ny jnrl lwB isMG dy kihx ’qy golI mwrI sI[ ies ies mgroNN KwVkU lihr ivc DVybMdI dw bolbwlw irhw sI, jo A^Ir hrimdr isMG sMDU dy kql nwl inKr ky swhmxy Aw igAw sI[ auN\ bhuqy KwVkU sMn 1992 dy A^Ir qk mwry jw cuky sn, ijnHW ivcoN bhuq swry KwVkU toilAW ny iek dUjy dy i^lw& sUhW dy ky mrvwey sn.
