hirgoibMd swihb, gurU
guru hirgoibMd swihb (19.6.1590-3.3.1644) dw jnm mwqw gMgw Aqy gurU Arjn swihb dy Gr ipMf gurU dI vfwlI (nyVy Cyhrtw swihb) ivc hoieAw[ Awp ny Awpxw bcpn gurU dI vfwlI, gurU dw ck (AMimRqsr) qy goieMdvwl ivc ibqwieAw[ 1604 ivc Awp dw ivAwh dmodrI (bytI nrwiex dws julkw, vwsI f`lw, izlHw kpUrQlw) nwl, 28 mwrc 1620 dy idn nwnkI (bytI hrI cµd lWbw vwsI bkwlw) nwl, 10 julweI 1620 dy idn mhWdyvI (bytI dieAw rwm mrvwhw, vwsI ipµf mµifAwlI) nwl Aqy cOQw ivAwh 1625 ivc bIbI kmlw dyeI (bytI ikSn cMd kumrwau, vwsI p`tI, izlHw qrnqwrn) nwl hoieAw sI[ (ies dy ^wndwn dw pqw nw hox kr ky sUrj pRkwS dy lyKk kvI sMqoK isMG Aqy guriblws pwqswhI CyvIN dy lyKkW gurmuK isMG qy drbwr isMG ny ies nUM ‘kOlW’ bxw id`qw sI)[ Awp dy Gr pMj byitAW (gurid`qw, sUrj m`l, AxI rwie, Atl rwie qy qyZ bhwdr) Aqy iek bytI (vIro) ny jnm ilAw[
25 meI 1606 ƒ Awp ƒ CyvyN gurU QwipAw igAw[ Awp ny 1609 ivc Akwl purK dy q^q dy isDWq nUM pRgt kIqw, Aqy gurU nwnk swihb dy rwjw-jogI dy &ls&y nUM mUrqImwn kridAW is`KI ivc mIrI-pIrI dy iek hox dw AYlwn kIqw[ Awp ny AwiKAw ik is`K iksy duinAwvI hwkm dw Zulwm nhIN ho skdw[ ies kr ky is`K dI v&wdwrI isr& Akwl purK Aqy Akwl purK dy q^q nwl hI ho skdI hY[ iek mIr (duinAwvI hwkm) dw &rz hY ik auh Drm dw rwjw bxy Aqy ienswnI hkUk dw rwKw hovy Aqy hr pIr dw &rz hY ik auh ijQy vI zulm Aqy byiensw&I vyKy, auQy AwpxI jwn ’qy jUJ ky vI h`k qy s`c vwsqy lVy[ aunHW AwiKAw ik hr iek is`K ivc ieh dovyN ^UbIAW hoxIAW cwhIdIAW hn[ iek is`K ivc mIrI qy pIrI dovyN v`K-v`K nhIN blik iek hoxIAW cwhIdIAW hn[
1609 ivc Awp ny gurU dw ck (AMimRqsr) dy duAwly dIvwr Aqy nwl hI iklHw (lohgVH) vI bxwauxw SurU kIqw[ 1612 ivc ieh auswrIAW mukMml ho geIAW [ ienHIN idnI (lwhOr dw swbkw koqvwl) murqzw ^wn lwhOr dw sUbydwr bx cukw sI[ aus ny gurU swihb dIAW kwrvweIAW dI iSkwieq jhWgIr bwdSwh nUM kr idqI[ jhWgIr ny gurU swihb nUM Awpxy drbwr ivc bulw ilAw[ 31 dsMbr 1612 ƒ Awp gurU dw ck (AMimRqsr) qoN id`lI vwsqy cl pey[ jnvrI 1613 ivc muZl bwdSwh jhWgIr ny Awp ƒ 12 swl kYd dw hukm suxw ky iklHw gvwlIAr ivc Byj id`qw igAw[ ies iklHy ivc aus vyly iek sO iek ihMdU rwjy qy Sihzwdy kYd sn[
ies igR&qwrI ip`Cy vDyry kr ky murqzw ^wn (gvrnr lwhOr) Aqy sIhrMd (hux srhMd) dy SYK Aihmd (jo ZYr-muslmwnW nUM bVI n&rq krdw sI) dw h`Q sI, jo jhWgIr nUM gurU swihb dy i^lw& BVkwauNdy rihMdy sn[ 1618 ivc murqzw ^wn mr igAw Aqy aus dI jgHw cinEt vwsI vzIr ^wn lwhOr dw gvrnr bixAw[ SY^ Aihmd srhMdI dw Asr vI jhWgIr ’qy nw irhw[ auDr sweIN mIAW mIr Aqy milkw nUr jhW ny vI jhWgIr ƒ smJwieAw Aqy ‘is`KW dy pIr’ gurU hirgoibMd swihb dI irhweI vwsqy zor pwieAw[ A^Ir jhWgIr ny 26 AkqUbr 1619 dy idn Awp ƒ irhwA kr id`qw[ gurU swihb ny bwdSwh qoN ieh vI mMnvw ilAw ik 101 ihMdU rwjy (49 CotIAW kYdW vwly qy 52 lMbIAW kYdW vwly) vI irhwA kIqy jwx[ irhweI mgroN gurU swihb Aqy jhWgIr ivckwr 27 jnvrI 1620 nUM goieMdvwl qy iPr 8 &rvrI nUM klwnOr ivc mulwkwq hoeI[
1620 qoN 1630 qk gurU swihb vDyry kr ky AMimRqsr qy goieMdvwl ivc rhy[ 18 mwrc 1631 ƒ Awp frOlI BweI (izlHw mogw) gey qy nwl hI gurU gRMQ swihb dw srUp vI lY gey[ Awp keI mhIny frOlI ivc rhy qy iPr Drm pRcwr vwsqy A`gy cl pey[ Awp ny gurU gRMQ swihb dw srUp krqwrpur (jlMDr) Byj id`qw[ ies ip`CoN kuJ icr Awp Pyr AMimRqsr Aw ky rhy[ 1634 ivc lwhOr dy swbk sUbydwr vzIr ^wn cinEtI dI mOq ho geI[ ies mgroN lwhOr drbwr ny is`KW nwl Pyr duSmxI krnI SurU kr id`qI[ gurU swihb ’qy pihlw ZYr-srkwrI hmlw ruhIlw (hux hirgoibMdpur) ivc 27 sqMbr Aqy 3 AkqUbr 1621 dy idn hoieAw sI, pr aus vyly hmlwvr Bgvwn dws GyrV qy aus dy kuVm cMdU dw pu`qr krm cMd qy aunHW dy swQI muZl &OjI sn[ pr srkwrI qOr ’qy pihlw hmlw 13 ApRYl 1634 dy idn gurU dw ck (AMimRqsr) ’qy hoieAw sI[ ies lVweI ivc muZl &OjW dy jrnYl mwry jwx mgroN &Oj B`j geI sI[ dsMbr 1634 ivc jdoN gurU swihb mihrwj ipMf ruky hoey sn qW muZl &OjW ny l`lw byZ dI kmWf hyT Pyr hmlw kIqw[ ies mgroN gurU swihb krqwrpur Aw gey[ eyQy 26 ApRYl 1635 dy idn gurU swihb dw nmk-hrwm ispwhI pYNdy ^wn, muZl &OjW ƒ cVHw ilAwieAw qy hzwrW swQIAW qy muZl ispwhIAW sxy mwirAw igAw[ ienHW swrIAW lVweIAW ivc BwvyN gurU swihb dI ij`q hoeI pr aunHW mihsUs kIqw ik jMgW nwl Drm pRcwr ivc rukwvt pYNdI hY ies kr ky aunHW ny Awpxy hYfkuAwrtrz jrnYlI sVk qoN dUr kIrqpur ivc bxwaux dw &Yslw kr ilAw[
3 meI 1635 dy idn gurU jI kIrqpur phuMc gey[ Awp Agly nON swl ivcoN bhuqw vkq eyQy hI rhy Aqy ieQoN v`K-v`K ielwikAW ivc jWdy rhy[ ies dOrwn keI bwZI rwjy qy hor vfy S^s gurU swihb kol pnwhgIr bx ky rhy[ gurU swihb ny sB ƒ AwpxI ih&wzq ivc r`iKAw[Awp 1644 ivc joqI-joiq smw gey.
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)