Hardyal, Lala
hridAwl, lwlw
lwlw hridAwl (1884-1939) pu`qr gOrI dXwl kwiesQ-mwQur dw jnm id`lI ivc hoieAw sI[lwlw hridAwl mwQur iek mUlvwdI bRwhmx prvwr ivcoN sI[ auh 17 swl dI aumr ivc mUlvwdI ihMdU jmwq „Bwrq mwqw soswietI‟ Aqy iPr AwrIAw smwj dw mYNbr bx igAw[ aus ny pMjwb XUnIvristI lwhOr qoN sMsikRq ivc AYm.ey. dI ifgrI hwisl kIqI[ ies dOrwn aus dI nyVqw brqwnvI srkwr dy A&srW nwl ho geI Aqy 1905 ivc srkwr ny aus nUM vzI&w dy ky Awks&orf XUnIvristI ivc Byj id`qw[ pr au~Qy jw ky vI auh AwrIAw smwj dw hI kMm krn lg ipAw ijs kr ky srkwr ny aus dw vzI&w bMd kr id`qw qy aus nUM vwips Awauxw pY igAw[ hux AwrIAw smwjI AwgU lwlw lwjpq rwey ny aus nUM &rWs Byj id`qw ij`Qy auh AwrIAw smwj dy A^bwr „vMdy mwqrm‟ vwsqy kMm krdw irhw[ pr AwrIAw smwj qoN aus nUM kw&I mdd nhIN imldI sI ies kr ky auh hor kMm l`Bx lg ipAw[ ies dOrwn AwrIAw smwj ny pMfq prmw nMd (mgroN auh ihMdU mhW sBw dw pRDwn vI bixAw) nUM aus vl ByijAw[ prmw nMd ny aus nUM iPr mnw ilAw Aqy AwrIAw smwj dy pRcwr vwsqy AmrIkw Byj id`qw[ lwlw hridAwl ny AmrIkw dy v`K v`K SihrW ivc, v`K v`K jQybMdIAW ivc Swiml ho ky AwrIAw smwj dw pRcwr kIqw[ dsMbr 1912 ivc aus ny XugWqr AwSrm dI nINh r`KI[ ies dw inSwnw AwrIAw Drm dw pRcwr krnw sI[
ienHIN idnI hI aus ny vyiKAw ik AmrIkw ivc is`K bhuq sOKy hn Aqy aunHW kol kw&I srmwieAw vI hY[ 1912 ivc ie`QoN dy is`KW ny pMjwb dy is`KW ny ividAw dy nwl-nwl AwzwdI qy ZulwmI dw &rk idKwaux vwsqy iek pRwjYkt soicAw[ aunHW ny BweI jvwlw isMG T`TIAW, BweI sµqoK isMG, bwbw ivswKw isMG vZYrw dI AgvweI hyT 15 &rvrI 1912 dy idn stwktn ivc mIitMg kIqI qy ies jdojihd dy ih`sy vloN pMjwb ‟coN ku`J nOjvwnW ƒ AmrIkw ivc pVHweI krn vwsqy iqAwr krn leI Cy vzIPy jwrI krn leI &µf iek`Tw kIqw[ ies &µf ivc isrP is`KW ny hI ih`sw pwieAw Aqy kYnyfw qy AmrIkw ivc bYTy AmIr ihMdUAW ny kwxI kaufI q`k vI dyxoN nWh kr id`qI[ auDr hridAwl qy hor ihMdUAW ny ip`Cy AwrIAw smwjIAW nwl rwbqw kwiem kr ky ienHW vzIi&AW vwsqy ihMdUAW koloN dr^wsqW idvwaux vwsqy AYkSn krn vwsqy ikhw[ ies kr ky vzIiPAW vwsqy ijMnHW dIAW vI dr^wsqW pu`jIAW auh swry dy swry ihMdU hI sn[
ies dy nwl hI hridAwl ny mihsUs kIqw ik is`KW ivc mulk (pMjwb) dI AwzwdI dI lihr auT rhI hY[ auDr knyfw ivc goirAW v`loN ivqkry nwl vI is`K j`dojihd ivcoN lMG rhy sn[ies swry mwhOl dw &wiedw auTwaux vwsqy hridAwl vrigAW ny ies qihrIk dI “hweIjYikMg” krn dI swizS GVI[ auh ies lihr ivc Swiml ho igAw[ Aqy ikauN ik ies lihr nwl sbMDq swry AwgU mzdUr qy ikswn sn, Aqy auh bhuq vD piVHAw iliKAw S^s sI ies kr ky aus ny swirAW nUM Asr-AMdwz kr ky swrI kmWf Awpxy h`QW ivc lY leI[ Boly pMjwbIAW nUM pqw vI nw l`gw ik aunHW dI lihr ivc ihMdU mUlvwdI AwrIAw smwj dw pRcwr ho irhw hY[ hridAwl dw sB qoN pihlW kMm sI ies lihr dw Zlq nW r`Kxw[ Zdr dw mwAnw hY ZdwrI krnw, nw ik AwzwdI dI lihr jW ienklwb (1857 ivc vI AMgryzW dI rwKI hyTly rjvwiVAW ny AMgryzW nwl kIqy AihdnwimAW dy i^lw& ZdwrI kIqI sI; ies kr ky aus nUM Zdr nW id`qw igAw sI)[ lwlw hridAwl ny ies lihr ivc swrw kuJ AwrIAw smwjIisDWqW muqwibk Brn dI soc hyT ies dw qrwnw „vMdy mwqrm…‟ cuixAw jo ik kwlpink ihMdU dyvI dI ArwDnw dw gIq hY[ iPr aus ny JMfy ivc vI ihMdU dyvI dw inSwn r`iKAw[ aus ny jmwq dw pihlw nW ies nUM ihMdU rUp dyx vwsqy „ihMdUsqwnI AYsosIeySn‟ r`iKAw sI[ Zdr pwrtI dy AwgUAW dIAW ilKqW ivc ihMdUsqwn mulk dw nwArw isr& hridAwl vrgy AwrIAw smwjIAW dI SmUlIAq kr ky sI[ Ajy qk qW Bwrq iek mulk vjoN kwiem hI nhIN hoieAw sI[ aus vyly qk qW ihMdUsqwn XU.pI. qy m`D pRdyS Awid nUM hI kihMdy sn[ isr& 50-60 swl pihlW qW ihMdUsqwnIAW dy nwl rl ky AMgryzW ny pMjwb dys ‘qy kbzw kIqw sI[ iPr Zdr pwrtI AwgUAW/vrkrW dIAW ilKqW ivc iksy AKOqI BwrqI hIro (nw rwxI JWsI, nw qWqIAw topy, nw iksy hor) dw izkr nhIN sI; auh iksy ZYr pMjwbI hIro bwry kuJ vI jwxdy qk nhIN sn qy ies kr ky aunHW dy mn ivc AKOqI BwrqI ivrsy jW qvwrI^ dI g`l Aw hI nhIN skdI sI[ auh isr& bMdw isMG bhwdr, su`Kw isMG-mihqwb isMG, BweI mnI isMG, hrI isMG nlvw, AkwlI &Ulw isMG dI g`l krdy sn[ auh is`K nwiekW vWg qn-mn-Dn nwl kurbwnI krn dI g`l krdy sn; qy, ieh isDWq ihMdUsqwn ivc ikqy mOjUd nhIN sI[
AmrIkw dy sohx isMG Bknw, hrnwm isMG kwlw sµGw, hrnwm isMG tuµfIlwt, krqwr isMG ltwlw, inDwn isMG cu`Gw, jvwlw isMG T`TIAW, ivswKw isMG ddyhr, gurmuK isMG llqoN, aUDm isMG ksyl, ipAwrw isMG lMgyrI , sµqoK isMG vZYrw; iSMGweI dy suµdr isMG, fw: mQrw isMG, ivswKw isMG ddyhr qy s`jx isMG; hWgkWg dy fw: Twkr isMG iekolwhw, igAwnI Bgvwn isMG, BweI hrnwm isMG qy BweI ibSn isMG ivcoN iek-A`D nUM C`f ky koeI vI AKOqI BwrqI (nYSnilst), kimaUinst jW smwjvwdI soc vwlw nhIN sI[
lwlw hridAwl iek buzidl bMdw vI sI[ jd AmrIkn srkwr ny vyiKAw ik ieh AjIb iksm dIAW swzSW kr irhw hY qW aus nUM igR&qwr kr ilAw igAw[ ikauN ik auh qW ies qy kbzw krn dI soc nwl ies lihr ivc Swiml hoieAw sI nw ik jylH jwx vwsqy; ies kr ky zmwnq ‟qy irhw hox mgroN ieh AmrIkw C`f ky jrmn B`j igAw[ ies qoN mgroN ies ny Zdr lihr v`l ip`Cy muV ky vI nw vyiKAw Aqy iek gory vWg XUrp ivc izMdgI ibqwaux lg ipAw[ hwlW ik auh ies dorwn, jrmn, sivtzrlYNf, svIfn, ieMglYNf qy AmrIkw vI igAw pr aus ny ikqy vI ienklwb jW smwjvwd dI zrw mwsw vI g`l nw CyVI[ (iek hor ivcwr muqwibk auh srkwr nwl iml ky eyjMt bx cukw sI Aqy auh Zdr lihr dw swrw kuJ A^bwrW ivc SryAwm AYlwnW vjoN Cwp ky swrI jwxkwrI srkwr nUM idAw krdw sI)[ AmrIkw ivcoN jwx mgroN lwlw hridAwl BwvyN iek gory vW| p`CmI izMdgI ijaUNdw irhw pr aus dy mn dy AMdr dw AwrIAw smwjI qy bRwhmx hmySw aus dIAW ilKqW ivc kwiem irhw. (vDyry q&sIl vwsqy vyKo: fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr ilKq „is`K qvwrI^‟, Aqy, rwjivMdr isMG rwhI ilKq „Zdr lihr dI AslI gwQw‟).
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)