Zdr pwrtI/ Zdr lihr
Bwrq ivc AMgryzI hkUmq dy i^lw& hiQAwrbMd lihr clwaux vwsqy sMn 1913 ivc kwiem kIqI iek jQybMdI[ kuJ lyKkW v`loN BwvyN gdr lihr dw isrw sMn 1913-14 nwl joiVAw jWdw hY pr ies dIAW jµmx-pIVW icrokxIAW purwxIAW hn[ pMjwb ivc imslW vloN Kwlsw rwj kwiem kIqy jwx mgroN BwvyN A`DI sdI rxjIq isMG ny qy iPr AMgryzW ny pMjwb qy kbzw krI r`iKAw, pr is`K kOm dI AwpxI hkUmq kwiem krn dI Duµn auvyN hI kwiem rhI[ do vyly (G`ˆto-G`t do vyly) „rwj krygw Kwlsw‟ pVHn vwlI kOm “Aw^r q^q ‟qy bhygI Awp gurU dI &Oj” dw AYlwn-nwmw pUrw krn qoN kdy vI ip`Cy nhIN sI muVnI[ ies g`l bwry AMgryz hkUmq pUrI qrW cOks sI[
is`K kOm dy ies AYlwn-nwmy ƒ Bulwaux vwsqy AMgryzW ny pMjwb ivc is`KW ƒ &Oj ivc coKI qwdwd ivc BrqI kr ky im`Tw zihr ipAwauxw SurU kr id`qw[ dUjw, AMgryzW ny lwielpur Aqy imMtgumrI qy hor nihrI ielwikAW ivc zmInW dy ky, hrw ienklwb bIj ky qy qIjw, is`KW ivc jwgIrdwrI dI bcI-KucI pIVHI ƒ imlvrqxIey bxwaux dI koiSS kIqI[ BwvyN ieho ijhIAW swizSW AMgryzW ny GVIAW sn pr pMQ dI hkUmq krn dI Duµn hrigz m`Dm nhIN ho skI[
sMn 1857 dy Zdr dI golfn jublI ‟qy 10 meI 1907 ƒ lMfn dy kwkstn hwl ivc hoey iek smwgm ivc prdysI is`KW ny iek pYNPilt Cwp ky vµifAw[ ies dw hYifMg sI: „Kwlsw‟ qy ies ivc AwiKAw igAw sI ik „Kwlsw jI AMgryz ƒ Kwlsy dI srzmIN qoN k`Fx vwsqy j`dojihd leI iqAwr ho jwE[‟
ienHIN idnIN hI BweI qyjw isMG msqUAwxw ny vI AMgryzW ƒ is`K mulk ivcoN k`Fx vwsqy pRwpygµfw kr ky keI is`K j`dojihd vwsqy iqAwr kIqy[ ieh mwhOl, 50 swl pihlW Kusy rwj nUM muV hwisl krn dIAW ^wihSW dw Aihsws izMdw krn ivc mddgwr hoieAw pr ieh iksy v`fy AYkSn dw sbb nw bx sikAw[ auN\ ies nwl ieMglYNf, AmrIkw qy knyfw dy is`KW ivc AwzwdI dI soc ny Awpxw Asr zrUr idKwauxw SurU kr id`qw sI[
vIhvIN sdI dy pihly dhwky ivc AmrIkw ivc bYTy kuJ is`K mwlI p`KoN sOKy ho gey sn[ auh kuJ krnw locdy sn[ aunHW ny sMn 1906 ivc pMdrW hzwr fwlr ^rc ky vYnkUvr ivc iek gurduAwrw bxw ilAw sI[ ies mgroN is`KW ny pYsy iek`Ty kr ky FweI l`K rupY nwl gurU nwnk mweIinMg kMpnI bxw leI sI[ ies dy nwl hI pMJI hzwr fwlr dI rkm nwl eIgl hwrbr ivc 250 eykV zmIn ^rId leI qW jo gurU nwnk klonI bxweI jw sky[ ies vyly qkrIbn ds hzwr is`K knyfw ivc kMm kr rhy sn[ is`KW dI ies qr`kI „qy gory eIrKw krn lg pey[ aunHW ny qW iek vwr ieh vI plwn kIqw ik eySIAnW nUM knyfw qoN bwhr k`iFAw jwvy qy ies skIm hyT aunHW nUM hWfrs Byjx dI skIm bxweI[ pr jdoN is`K numieMidAW sqnwgr isMG qy Swm isMG ny hWfrs dw dOrw kr ky hwlwq vyKy qW is`KW ny au~Qy jwx qoN nWh kr id`qI[
sMn 1912 ivc ie`QoN dy is`KW ny pMjwb dy is`KW nUM ividAw dy nwl-nwl AwzwdI qy ZulwmI dw &rk idKwaux vwsqy iek pRwjYkt soicAw[ aunHW ny BweI jvwlw isMG T`TIAW, BweI sµqoK isMG, bwbw ivswKw isMG vZYrw dI AgvweI hyT 15 &rvrI 1912 dy idn stwktn ivc mIitMg kIqI qy ies jdojihd dy ih`sy vloN pMjwb ‟coN ku`J nOjvwnW ƒ AmrIkw ivc pVHweI krn vwsqy iqAwr krn leI Cy vzIPy jwrI krn leI &µf iek`Tw kIqw[ ies &µf ivc isrP is`KW ny hI ih`sw pwieAw Aqy kYnyfw qy AmrIkw ivc bYTy AmIr ihMdUAW ny kuJ vI dyxoN nWh kr id`qI[ pr jdoN vzIiPAW vwsqy dr^wsqW pu`jIAW qW swry dy swry ihMdU hI sn[
AmrIkw, kYnyfw, cIn, hWgkWg, isMgwpur vgYrw ivc bYTy mulk-drdI isMGW dI AzwdI dI qihrIk jdoN bulMdIAW vl vDx l`gI qW hridAwl vrigAW ny ies qihrIk dI “hweIjYikMg” krn dI swizS GVI[ ies swizS dw sB qoN pihlw ih`sw sI Boly Bwly is`KW ƒ pMjwb dI jgh ihMdUsqwn dI AwzwdI vwsqy aukswauxw[ ies soc nwl, hridAwl vrigAW ny, 31 mwrc 1913 ƒ, brweIfl vyl (Erygwn), AmrIkw ivc hoeI iek bYTk kr ky „ihMdI AYsosIeySn‟ bxw ky aus ivc cwr ku is`KW ƒ AhuidAW dI imSrI cKw id`qI[ pr ies dI Asl lIfriSp hridAwl kol hI rhI[ ies jmwq v`loN pihlI nvµbr 1913 ƒ „Zdr‟ nW dw prcw vI jwrI kr id`qw igAw[
CyqI hI ies dIAW brWcW SMGweI (suµdr isMG, fw: mQrw isMG, ivswKw isMG ddyhr qy s`jx isMG dI AgvweI hyT), hWgkWg (fw: Twkr isMG iekolwhw dI AgvweI hyT qy bwAd ivc igAwnI Bgvwn isMG dI AgvweI hyT, qy mgroN BweI hrnwm isMG qy BweI ibSn isMG vI), i&lpweInz, isAwm (QweIlYNf), pnwmw Aqy hor keI mulkW ivc vI kwiem ho geIAW[ aupr ilKy AwgUAW qoN ielwvw sohx isMG Bknw, hrnwm isMG kwlw sµGw, hrnwm isMG tuµfIlwt, krqwr isMG ltwlw, inDwn isMG cu`Gw, jvwlw isMG T`TIAW, sµqoK isMG vZYrw vI ies qihrIk ivc Swiml sn[
Zdr dI plwinMg:
Zdr pwrtI ny plwinMg iqAwr kIqI ik AMgryzW ƒ pVwA-vwr ipCwV ky mulk Azwd krvwieAw jwey[ ies mksd vwsqy iek lMmI plwn iqAwr kIqI geI[ plwn muqwibk sB qoN pihlW AMgryzW qoN pMjwb ƒ Azwd krwieAw jwxw sI qy ieh swrw Gol hiQAwrbµd hoxw sI[ pMjwb qoN bwAd kSmIr qy iPr sYNtrl ieMfIAw vl kUc kIqw jwxw sI[ BwvyN ies plwinMg dw pUry dw pUrw KrVw qW nhIN imldw; pr AMgryzW dIAW ^u&IAW &weIlW ivc pey hoey iek ^q qoN ies dw iek ih`sw iml jWdw hY[ ieh ^q kYNtn (cIn) qoN fw: Twkr isMG iekolwhw ny 17 nvµbr 1914 ƒ igAwnI Bgvwn isMG ƒ iliKAw sI, ijhVw hWgkWg ivc sYNsr ny puils dy hvwly kr id`qw sI (nqIjy vjoN fw: Twkr isMG igR&qwr ho igAw Aqy 4 swl kYd irhw)[ ies ^q muqwibk jnvrI 1915 ivc gurU goibMd isMG swihb dy jnm idn ‟qy pMjwb ivc swry pwsy hiQAwrbµd ZdrI Awpo AwpxIAW qihsIlW, QwixAW qy izilAW ivc AMgryzW ƒ kql kr ky ienklwbI syvwdwrW ƒ qwienwq kr dyxgy[ &Oj ivc pihloN hI iqAwrI ho cu`kI hovygI[ ies qrHW cu`pcwp pMjwb ‟qy kbzw ho jwvygw[ aus vyly AMgryzI &Oj jrmnI nwl jµg ivc ru`JI hox kr ky bhuqI ihljul nhIN kr skygI[ ieh swrI kwrvweI ieko idn ieko vyly swry pMjwb ivc SurU hoxI sI[ ^q muqwibk luiDAwxw izly dw cwrj fw. Twkr isMG iekolwhw ny ilAw hoieAw sI[ {sI.AweI.fI. dy fwierYktr dI vIklI irport 15-6-1915, hom pulItIkl &weIl nMbr 549-552, nYSnl AwrkweIz id`lI}[
ZdrI kwrvweIAW:
Zdr pwrtI ny Awpxw AYkSn Ajy 5-7 swl Tihr ky krnw sI pr brqwnIAw qy jrmnI ivc jµg 28 julweI 1914 ƒ SurU ho geI[ ies kr ky Zdr AwgUAW ny Awpxw AYkSn AYfvWs krn dw &Yslw kr ilAw[ swry ZdrI AwgU Awpo Awpxy ipMfW ƒ c`l pey[ Zdr AKbwr dy 4 Agsq 1914 dy prcy ivc ZdrI AwgUAW vloN Awpo-Awpxy ipMfW ivc phuµcx bwry ApIl CwpI geI sI[ Agsq ivc hI pwrtI dI pihlI tolI (krqwr isMG srwBw, hrnwm isMG tuµfIlwt vgYrw) pMjwb vwsqy cwly pw geI[ ies qoN ip`CoN v`fw jQw, ijs ivc 70 ZdrI sn, AYs.AYs. korIAw jhwz rwhIN, 29 Agsq ƒ swn&rWissko qoN cl ipAw[ ies qoN bwAd, qkrIbn 8 hzwr ZdrI vrkr, prdysW ivcoN pMjwb vl tury[ mu^brW ny ienHW dy c`lx bwry pihlW qoN hI irportW srkwr ƒ dy id`qIAW sn[ ies kr ky srkwr ny mulk ‟c dwi^l hox vwilAW ƒ ihrwsq ivc lYx vwsqy do AwrfInYNs jwrI kr id`qy gey sn[
AwrfInYNs hyT bwhroN Awaux vwly swry pMjwbIAW ƒ ihrwsq ivc lY ky is`Dw pMjwb ilAWdw jWdw sI[ luiDAwxy ivc v`fw ieMtYrogySn sYNtr bxwieAw igAw sI[ hr muswi&r dI au~Qy pUrI ieMtYrogySn kIqI jWdI sI[ ies qrHW muswi&rW iv`coN keIAW ƒ kYd kIqw jWdw sI qy keI horW nUM aunHW dy ipMfW ivc nzrbMd kr id`qw jWdw sI[ aus vyly dI sI.AweI.fI. dI ^u&IAw irport muqwbk 370 jylWH ‟c su`ty gey qy 2212 ƒ ipMfW ivc bµd kIqw igAw (AweIsmONgr AYNf slYtrI, AYn AkwaUNt Aw& Zdr kWspIrysI)[ jylHW ivc Byjy jwx vwilAW ivc fw: Twkr isMG iekolwhw, krqwr isMG ltwlw, hrnwm isMG, jgq isMG cu`Gw qy bIbI gulwb kOr vZYrw sn[ ienHW s^qIAW dy bwvjUd kw&I ZdrI vrkr bc ky inkl gey qy rUpoS ho gey[ aunHW ny 15 nvµbr 1914 ƒ Zdr dI skIm bxweI[ pr Asly dI muSkl kr ky ies nUM mulqvI krnw pY igAw[ bwAd ivc ieh qwrIK 21 &rvrI 1915 im`QI geI[ &OjW ivc hrnwm isMG, gurmuK isMG llqoN, aUDm isMG ksyl, ipAwrw isMG lMgyrI ny keI pltxW, Kws kr ky 23vIN kvYlrI, 25 vIN pMjwbI, 128 pwienrz, 9vIN BUpwl, 12vIN kvYlrI vgYrw ivc jw ky is`K &OjIAW ƒ iqAwr kr ilAw[
plwinMg muqwbk is`K &OjIAW ny gory A&srW ƒ kql kr ky, Asly ‟qy kbzw kr ky, AYkSn SurU krnw sI[ Zdr ƒ swry pwsy (lwhOr, i&rozpur, rwvlipMfI &OjI CwauxIAW ivc) iek`Tw hI SurU kIqw jwxw sI[ ies dw cwrj bwbw ivswKw isMG ddyhr kol sI[ mwJy vwilAW ny 20 &rvrI ƒ lopoky dw Qwxw lu`t ky 21 ƒ lwhOr pu`jxw sI[ mwlvy iv`coN BweI rxDIr isMG (mgroN muKI AKMf kIrqnI jQw), krqwr isMG srwBw qy s`jx isMG nwrµgvwl ny AgvweI krnI sI[
auDr srkwr ƒ ZdrI kwrvweIAW dI pUrI sUh iml rhI sI[ aunHW ny ikrpwl isMG brwV nW dw sI. AweI. fI. dw bµdw Zdr pwrtI ivc vwV id`qw sI qy Boly gdrIAW ny aus ƒ sYNtrl kmytI ivc vI Swiml kr ilAw sI[ kmwl dI g`l qW ieh hY ik auh Ajy isr& 9 idn pihlW hI pwrtI ivc Swiml hoieAw sI[ ^Yr CyqI hI aus bwry kuJ vrkrW ƒ sUh iml geI[ ies kr ky Zdr dI qwrIK do idn AgwaUN kr leI geI[ aus ƒ ies qwrIK dw vI pqw l`g igAw[ ies kr ky aus dI mu^brI nwl, 19 PrvrI 1915 ƒ Swm dy swFy cwr vjy (Zdr SurU hox qoN kuJ GMty pihlW hI), pwrtI dy hY~fkuAwtr qy Cwpw mwr ky bhuq swry AwgU igR&qwr kr ley gey[ ies nwl Zdr ienklwb SurU hox qoN pihlW hI ^qm ho igAw[ BwvyN mgroN keI in`ky-moty AYkSn huµdy rhy pr v`fy AYkSn dI AxhoNd ivc im`iQAw ienklwb nw ilAWdw jw sikAw[
muk`dmy qy szwvW:
Zdr lihr dw v`fw AYkSn nwkwmXwb hox mgroN igR&qwr kIqy gey ZdrIAW au~pr cwr muk`dmy clwey gey[ ienHW ƒ „lwhOr kWspIrysI kys‟ dy nW nwl Xwd kIqw jWdw hY[ pihlw muk`dmw 26 AprYl 1915 ƒ SurU hoieAw qy 13 sqµbr 1915 ƒ pMifq iSv nrwiex qy do AMgryz kimSnrW ny &Yslw suxw ky 82 „mulzmW‟ (ZdrIAW) ivcoN krqwr isMG (srwBw, izlHw luiDAwxw), jgq isMG (surisMG, izlHw lwhOr, hux izlHw AMimRqsr), hrnwm isMG B`tI gorwieAw, isAwlkot), b^SIS isMG (iglvwlI, izlHw AMimRqsr), surYx isMG puqr bUV isMG (iglvwlI), surYx isMG puqr eISr isMG (iglvwlI) qy ivSnU gxyS ipMgly qy 17 horW ƒ &WsI (mgroN 17 dI &WsI aumr kYd ivc bdl geI); ies qoN ielwvw 23 ƒ aumr kYd qy 6 ƒ G`t szwvW suxweIAW[ Gt szwvW vwilAW ivc sohx isMG Bknw, inDwn isMG c`uGw, juAwlw isMG T`TIAW, ivswKw isMG ddyhr, ipAwrw isMG lMgyrI, aUDm isMG ksyl, hrnwm isMG tuMfIlwt (hirAwxw, huiSAwrpur) vI sn[
dUjw muk`dmw 29 AkqUbr 1915 ƒ SurU hoieAw[ ies ivc au~pr vwlI Adwlq ny hI 30 mwrc 1916 ƒ a~uqm isMG hWs (luiDAwxw), eISr isMG (Fu`fIky, mogw), rUV isMG (qlvµfI dusWJ, &Irozpur), rµgw isMG (Kurdpur, jlMDr), bIr isMG (bwhovwl, huiSAwrpur) ƒ &WsI, 64 ƒ aumr kYd qy 8 ƒ G`t szwvW suxweIAW[ ies ivc BweI rxDIr isMG (nwrµgvwl, luiDAwxw), hrnwm isMG (kwlw sMGw, kpUrQlw), ieMdr isMG (SY^ dOlq, luiDAwxw) vI Swml sn[
qIjw muk`dmw (sYkMf splImYNtrI kys) rwey bhwdr gopwl dws BµfwrI qy do gory j`jW dI Adwlq ivc 8 nvµbr 1916 ƒ SurU hoieAw[ ies dw &Yslw 5 jnvrI 1917 ivc hoieAw[ ies kys ivc blvµq isMG swbkw gRµQI vYnkUvr gurduAwrw (Kurdpur, jlMDr), rUV isMG (sMGvwl, jlMDr), h&Iz Abdu`lw, nHwmw, bwbU rwm ƒ &WsI, 7 ƒ (sxy krqwr isMG nvW cMd) aumr kYd qy pMj brI hoey[ cOQy muk`dmy (Qrf splImYNtrI kys) ivc, 2 mwrc 1917 nUM, mQrw isMG (FuifAwl, ijhlm) nUM &WsI id`qI geI[ pMjvyN muk`dmy (&orQ splImYNtrI kys) ivc, 26 meI 1917 nUM, jvMd isMG (nMgl klW, huiSAwrpur) nUM &WsI id`qI geI[
ienHW pMj v`fy muk`dimAW qoN ielwvw p`DrI kql kys ivc pRym isMG (surisMG, izlHw lwhOr, hux AMimRqsr) qy ieMdr isMG (p~DrI klW, AMimRqsr) nUM &WsI id`qI geI[ AMimRqsr v`lw pul kql kys ivc kwlw isMG (jgqpur, AMimRqsr)), cMnx isMG (bUr cMd, lwhOr), hrnwm isMG (T`TI Kwrw, AMimRqsr), Awqmw isMG (T`TI Kwrw, AMimRqsr) qy bMqw isMG (sMGvwl, jlMDr) nUM &WsI id`qI geI[ jgqpur kql kys ivc kwlw isMG (jgqpur, AMimRqsr) qy cMnx isMG (bUV cMd, lwhOr) nUM &WsI id`qI geI[ nMgl klW kql kys ivc bMqw isMG (sMGvwl, jlMDr) qy bUtw isMG (AklwgVH Kurd, luiDAwxw nUM &WsI id`qI geI[ brmw kys ivc 7 julweI 1716 nUM hrnwm isMG (swhrI, huiSAwrpur) qy 5 horW nUM &WsI id`qI geI[ &OjIAW iv`ˆcoN 12 is`K fgSeI CwauxI ivc golI nwl aufwey gey[
ies qoN ielwvw hor keI vKry-vKry kysW Aqy AmrIkw (swn&rWissko Aqy iSkwgo) ivc vI muk`dimAW ivc szwvW hoeIAW[ iek irport muqwbk ku`l 101 jxy PWsI l`gy jW golIAW nwl aufwey gey, 316 ƒ lMbIAW kYdW hoeIAW qy 42 brI hoey[ bhuq swry kYdI jylHW ivc qsIihAW nwl vI mr gey[ keIAW ny ihrwsq ‟coN jW jylHW ivcoN dOVn dIAW koiSSW vI kIqIAW[ iehnW iv`ˆcoN vI keI mwry gey qy jW muV igR&qwr ho gey[ kuJ ZdrI qW kw&I dyr q`k &rwr rhy[
Zdr PylH hox dI vjh:
Zdr lihr dy PylH hox dIAW vjh sn: cµgI lIfriSp nw hoxw, kwrvweIAW dw ^u&IAw nw r`iKAw jw skxw, jQybµdk sUJbUJ dI Gwt, sUhIAW dw dwKlw, sI. AweI. fI. dI cusqI, Awps ‟c myl-jol qy rwbqy dI Gwt, srkwr v`loN s^qIAW vgYrw[ sI.AweI.fI. dy cI& AweIsmONgr Aqy slYtrI vI AwpxI sMn 1918 dI irport ivc iehI nqIjy hI k`Fdy hn[
Bwrq srkwr dy hom ifpwrtmYNt muqwibk sMn 1934 ivc Ajy vI 700 qoN vD srgrm ZdrI izMdw sn qy aunHW ivcoN keI bhuq AYkitv sn („d Zdr fwierYktrI 1934‟, gvrnmYNt Aw& ieMfIAw, ies dw rIpirMt pMjwbI XUnIvristI pitAwlw ny 1997 ivc CwipAw sI)[
Zdr lihr is`K ienklwb sI:
Zdr pwrtI iek qrHW nwl is`K lihr hI sI[ ies ivc 95 &IsdI qoN v`D is`K sn[ ies dIAW kwrvweIAW dy sYNtr isr& gurduAwry sn[ ies dy AYkSn qkrIbn swry hI pMjwb ivc hoey sn[ iek do muslmwn vI jzbwqI ho ky ies ienklwb nwl juVy sn[ Zdr pwrtI ivc vVI swrI ihMdU lIfriSp (ivSƒ gxyS ipMgly ƒ C`f ky) buzidl, lwlcI qy ^udgrz sI[ ienHW iv`coN bhuqy, sxy lwlw hridAwl (ijs ny mgroN AMgryzI srkwr qoN muAw&I vI mMg leI sI), prmwnMd, rwmcµd vZYrw, bwAd ‟c jW qW srkwr nwl iml gey qy jW sOKI izMdZI ibqwauNdy rhy[
kimaUinst lyKk gurcrn isMG sihMsrw muqwbk AMgryz vI ies ƒ isr& qy isr& is`K lihr hI mMndy sn[ AMgryzW ny kysW vwly is`KW ƒ nzrbµd kIqw qy ihMdU qy musilm C`f id`qy[ ies kr ky jgq rwm, prmwnMd, ipRQI ishM Aqy hor bhuq swry bc gey sn (gurcrn isMG sihMsrw, Zdr pwrtI dw ieiqhws, s&w 176).
AMgryz srkwr dIAW ^u&IAw irportW muqwibk “Zdr &ylH hox mgroN vI, ies lihr ƒ, bwhrly mulkW ivc gey is`KW ny izMdw r`iKAw[ ienHW iv`coN keI qW mgroN mwsko qoN vI tryinMg lY ky Awey sn[ qkrIbn swry hI bwZI iKAwlW nwl Bry hoey sn[ ieh is`K „dihSqpsµd‟ pMjwb ivc brqwnvI hkUmq ƒ n&rq krdy hn Aqy ies dy pMjwb ivc Kwqmy vwsqy jUJ rhy hn[” (hom pulItIkl, &weIl nMbr 134/[[/1923)[
mgroN jo vrkr kYdW k`t ky irhwA hoey auh qkrIbn swry hI is`K lIg, AkwlI lihr, SRomxI AkwlI dl qy bbr AkwlI lihr ivc Swiml ho gey[ ienHW iv`ˆcoN muK sn: Zdr pwrtI dy fw: Twkr isMG iekolwhw, ivswKw isMG ddyhr, BweI rxDIr isMG, BweI ipAwrw isMG lMgyrI, ipAwrw isMG knyfIAn qy keI hor Aqy kwmwgwtw mwrU dy gurid`q isMG, rwey isMG (dljIq isMG) kwauxI[ fw: Twkr isMG iekolwhw SRomxI AkwlI dl dy mIq pRDwn qy jnrl sYktrI (sMn 1926-27), bwbw gurid`q isMG qy BweI ipAwrw isMG lMgyrI dovyN AkwlI dl dy pRDwn rhy sn qy bwbw ivswKw isMG sMn 1936 dIAW SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dIAW coxW ivc pwrlImYNtrI borf dy cyArmYn sn[ auh qW kuJ icr vwsqy Akwl q^q dw muK syvwdwr vI irhw sI[
ieM\ hI BweI krm isMG iJMgV, BweI krm isMG dOlqpur qy hor bhuq swry bbr AkwlI lihr ivc Swiml hoey sn[ AMgryz srkwr dI ^u&IAw irport muqwibk „bbr AkwlI lihr‟ 1915 dI Zdr ienklwbI lihr dI nv-surjIqI sI[ bbrW ivcoN bhuqy ivdySW ivcoN muVy hoey is`K sn qy aunHW ny ZdrIAW vWg 32 bor dy irvwlvr qy mwaUzr iesqymwl kIqy sn[
kYdI pirvwr shwiek kmytI:
Zdr pwrtI dy kYdIAW dy pirvwrW dI mdd vwsqy iek “kYdI pirvwr shwiek kmytI” 21 nvµbr 1924 ƒ bxweI geI sI[ ies kmytI ƒ, pihlI &rvrI 1925 ƒ, iek hor sWJI kmytI ivc bdl id`qw igAw[ ies nvIN kmytI dy 21 mYNbr sn[ iehnW ivcoN 13 ZdrI, cwr is`K lIg dy Aqy cwr koAwpt kIqy mYNbr sn[ (is`K lIg audoN AkwlI dl dw iek rUp hI sI)[ ies kYdI pirvwr shwiek kmytI dy pihly pRDwn ivswKw isMG ddyhr, jnrl sYktrI hrcµd isMG lwielpurI qy jwieMt sYktrI fw: Twkr isMG iekolwhw sn (AkwlI qy pRdysI, 3 &rvrI 1925)[ SRomxI AkwlI dl qy SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI bwry AMgryz srkwr dI ^u&IAw irport (vI. fblXU. simQ dI 22 &rvrI 1922 dI irport) muqwibk AkwlI lihr ivc vI ZdrIAW ny bVw v`fw ih`sw pwieAw sI[ smu`cy qOr qy Zdr lihr is`K ienklwb sI[ (kuJ lyKkW ny ies nUM BwrqI AwzwdI dI lihr bxwaux dI bQyrI nwkwm koiSS kIqI hY). hor vyKo: sohn isMG Bknw, hridAwl.
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)