Cunningham, J.D
kinMGm, jy. fI.
jois& fyvI kMinGm (9.6.1812- 28.2.1851), jo AYln kinMGm dw pu`qr sI, dw jnm lmby~Q (ieMglYNf) ivc hoieAw sI[1832 ivc auh ibRitS &Oj dw ie`k APsr bx ky id`lI (Bwrq) Aw igAw[ 1837 ivc aus ƒ krnl klwaUf vyf dw AisstYNt bxw id`qw igAw[ vyf luiDAwxw ivc ibRitS srkwr dw ‘polItIkl eyjMt’ sI[ kinMGm ny kuJ smW bhwvlpur ivc ‘polItIkl eyjMt’ vjoN kMm vI kIqw[
pihlI AMgryz-is`K jMg dOrwn, aus ƒ luiDAwxy bulw ilAw igAw[ aus nUM pihlW jnrl cwrls nYpIAr Aqy bwAd ivc jnrl g`& (ijnHW ny is`KW dy ivru`D 1845 Aqy 1849 dIAW jMgW dI AgvweI kIqI sI) nwl qweInwq kIqw igAw sI[ b`dovwl Aqy AlIvwl dIAW lVweIAW dOrwn aus ny ‘polItIkl A&sr’ vjoN kMm kIqw[ bwAd ivc, sBrwEN (10 &rvrI 1846) dI lVweI dOrwn, auh gvrnr jnrl dw AisstYNt eyf-fI-kYNp (ey.fI.sI) bx igAw[ jMgW dOrwn syvw krn bdly aus ƒ BUpwl ivc gvrnr jnrl dw ‘polItIkl eyjMt’ bxw id`qw igAw[
BUpwl ivc rihMidAW aus ny is`K kOm dy ieiqhws au~qy kMm kIqw[ 1849 ivc aus ny “is`K ieiqhws: ies dy mu`F qoN sqluj dIAW lVweIAW qk” ikqwb CwpI[ kMinGm ny AwpxI ies ikqwb ivc AMgryzW dy DoKy Aqy ZdwrW dI ZdwrI dy pwj, ^ws kr ky rxjIq isMG dy drbwr dy fogirAW Aqy bRwhmx ihMdUsqwnI vzIrW qy A&srW (ijnHW ny ibRitS srkwr nwl rl ky mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI slqnq qbwh krn leI Srmnwk ZdwrI kIqI) dy pwj KolHy hn[
jdoN ieh ikqwb CwpI geI, qW kMinAm ƒ nOkrI qoN k`F id`qw igAw[ ies ’qy aus dw idl tu`t igAw qy auh isr& 39 swl dI aumr ivc mr igAw[ aus nUM AMbwlw ivc hI d&nwieAw igAw sI[
kMinGm AYNglo-is`K lVweIAW bwry bVI bwrIkI nwl s`co-s`c ibAwn krdw hY qy iehI ies ikqwb dw kImqI ih`sw hY[ pr aus dI ies ikqwb ivc is`K Drm qy qvwrI^ bwry pySkwrI ivc bhuq v`fIAW ZlqIAW hn, ikauNik aus dw somw kuJ is`K ivroDI ilKwrI jW Axjwx lok sn[
(ies dw Brw AlYZzYNdr kinMGm,mgroN 1861 ivc ‘AwrkIAwlojI srvy Aw& ieMfIAw’ dw muKI bxwwieAw igAw sI)[
jois& fyvI kMinGm
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)