Bgvwn isMG gXwnI
Bgvwn isMG ‘gXwnI’, pu`qr srmuK isMG, dw jnm izlHw qrnqwrn dy ipMf viVMg ivc hoieAw sI[ aus ny igAwnI (bI.ey. dI pMjwbI) dw iemiqhwn pws kIqw sI[ sMn 1907-08 ivc auh mlySIAw clw igAw sI Aqy pInWg dy gurduAwry ivc gRMQI vjoN syvw krn lg ipAw sI[ mgroN auh hWg kWg vI irhw sI (ie`Qy auh Bgvwn isMG j`K dy nW hyT ivcrdw irhw sI)[ au~Qy aus nUM isAwsI srgrmIAW kwrn do vwr igR&qwr kIqw igAw sI, pr sbUqW dI Gwt kwrn irhw krnw ipAw sI[ sMn 1913 ivc auh jwAlI dsqvyzW nwl knyfw clw igAw sI[ pqw l`gx ’qy aus nUM ifport kr id`qw igAw sI[ vwpsI ’qy auh clwkI nwl jpwn auqr igAw sI[ ie`QoN auh meI 1914 ivc AmrIkw dy Sihr swn&rWissko phuMc igAw sI[ ies smyN stwktn dw gurduAwrw Zdr pwrtI dIAW srgrmIAW dw muK kyNdr sI[ auh jldI hI Zdr pwrtI dy muK AwgUAW ivcoN iek bx igAw sI[ 22 Agsq 1914 dy idn Zdr pwrtI dw pRDwn sohn isMG Bknw lihr clwaux vwsqy pMjwb clw igAw qW ies nUM pwrtI dw muKI cux ilAw igAw sI[ sMn 1917 ivc AmrIkw dI srkwr ny aus nUM 18 hor pMjwbIAW sxy igR&qwr kr ky aunHW ’qy ‘swn&rWissko trwiel’ nW hyT muk`dmw clwieAw sI Aqy aunHW nUM 18-18 mhIny kYd dI szw suxweI sI[ irhweI mgroN aus ny ‘isAwsI pnwh’ dI dr^wsq id`qI sI ijs nUM mnzUr kr ky aus nUM AmrIkw ivc rihx dI iejwzq dy id`qI geI sI[ aus ny hux isAwsI srgrmIAW Gtw id`qIAW sn[ ies dOrwn aus ny nvW Xug nW hyT iek A^bwr SurU kIqI sI[ sMn 1958 ivc auh pMjwb dy cI& minstr pRqwp isMG kYroN dI slwh nwl pMjwb muV AwieAw sI[ aus ny AwpxI aumr dy Aw^rI swl skUlW kwljW ivc qkrIrW kr ky Awpxy ivdySI qjrby suxw ky ibqwey sn[ sMn 1962 ivc aus dI mOq ho geI sI.