KHEM SINGH BEDI
Kym isMG bydI
Kym isMG bydI (21.2. 1832 – 10.4.1905), pu`qr Aqr isMG, poqw ibSn isMG qy pVpoqw swihb isMG bydI, dw jnm aUnw (hux ihmWcl pRdyS) ivc hoieAw sI[ auh Ajy s`q swl dw sI ik aus dw ipqw qy dwdw dovyN cVHweI kr gey[ jvwn hox ‟qy auh brqwnvI A&srW dw ^Yr-^Íwh bx igAw Aqy ies bdly aus nUM srkwry drbwr mwn snmwn imlx lg ipAw[ sMn 1857 dy Zdr smyN vI aus ny AMgruzW dI bhuq mdd kIqI[sMn 1877 ivc aus nUM imMtgumrI dw mijstryt QwipAw igAw[ auh srkwr dI kONsl Aw& styt dw mYNbr vI sI[
sMn 1873 ivc jd isMG sBw kwiem hoeI qW aus nUM ies dw „srpRsq‟ cux lAw igAw sI[ BwvyN auh isMG sBw dw muKI sI pr auh is`KW dI ivl`Kx hsqI dw ivroDI sI Aqy Awpxy Awp nUM ihMdU mMndw sI[
auDr, ijauN-ijauN isµG sBw lihr PYldI geI ies dy AwgUAW ivcoN reIs DVy dy bhuqy cODrIAW au~qy lIfriSp dw BUq svwr ho igAw[ rwjw ibkrm isµG PrIdkot qy Kym isµG bydI vwsqy gdyly ivCwey jwx lg pey[ eynw hI nhIN, ies DVy ny isµG sBw lihr dy AsUlW dy ault, „dilqW‟ qoN dUrI vDwauxI SurU kr idqI[ hor qW hor jdoN drbwr swihb ivc buqpRsqI rokx, TwkrW dI pUjw Kqm krn Aqy drbwr swihb dI hdUd coN mUrqIAW cukx dI mµg auTI qW ienHW ny Aijhw krnoN vrijAw[ pr jdoN rwjw ibkrm isµG qy Kym isµG bydI DVy ny suDwrk DVy dI hr g`l dI mu^wl&q SurU kr idqI qW aunHW ny lwhOr ivc vKrw „Kwlsw dIvwn lwhOr‟ bxw ilAw[
BwvyN bhuq swry isrkrdw is`K ienHW nwl sbMDq ho cuky sn pr jvwhr isMG kpUr, fw. jY isMG, imhr isMG cwvlw, v`KirAW Awpxy qOr ‟qy vI, in`gr rol Adw kr rhy sn[ pYsy vwsqy rwjw ibkrmw isMG &rIdkot, kMvr ibkrm isMG kpUrQlw (audoN vwsI jlMDr) Aqy kuJ hor is`K ih`sw pwauNdy rihMdy sn[ pr ies mwhOl ivc Kym isMG bydI sB qoN vD injI &wiedw auTwaux dI koiSS krdw rihMdw sI[ gurU nwnk swihb dy Coty puqr lKmI dws dy ^wndwn ivcoN hox kr ky auh nwjwiez qOr
‟qy Awpxw snmwn mMgdw sI[ jdoN kuJ Boly lokW ny aus ƒ mwx-ie`zq dyxw SurU kr id`qw qW auh hor cWbHl igAw Aqy aus ny nIm-gurU vWg pyS Awauxw SurU kr id`qw[ hor qW hor auh dIvwn ivc hI nhIN gurU gRMQ swihb dI hzUrI ivc vI gdyly ivCw ky Awsx bxw ky, g`dI ‟qy bYTx lg ipAw[ isMG sBw lihr qW sgoN Drm ivc suDwr vwsqy bxI sI qy Kym isMG dI ieh kwrvweI lihr dy inSwny dy mu`FoN hI ault sI[ kuJ is`K AwgU ies ‟qy bVy ^&w sn[ pihloN-pihl qW kuJ icr cup vrqI rhI, iPr hOlI-hOlI g`l clx lg peI qy A^Ir ieh iek v`fw mslw bx geI[
Kym isMG ny qW pRo. gurmuK isMG Aqy ig. idq isMG vloN CUq-Cwq, is`KI ivc Aw vVIAW ihMdU rIqIAW, is`K-GrW ivc „TwkrW dI pUjw dy ivroD dw vI ivroD‟ SurU kr idqw aus ny hOlI-hOlI keI pujwrI vI Awpxy nwl rlw ley[ keI inrmly qy audwsI swD, jo mnoN ihMdU sn, vI aus dy ihmwieqI bx gey[ AwrIAw smwj nwl nyVqw rKx vwly Aijhy lok Kwlsw dIvwn AMimRqsr ivc vDyry sn; ies kr ky ies dIvwn ivc ienHW dw bolbwlw sI[ &rIdkot irAwsq dy rwjy ibkrmw isMG ƒ vI Kym isMG bydI vWg dIvwn ivc spYSl g`dy Aqy glIcy bYTx vwsqy imldy sI; auh vI ies kr ky Kym isMG dw ihmwieqI sI[ Kym isMG bydI dw iek tihlUAw (syvwdwr) Avqwr isMG vhIrIAw sI[ aus dy nW hyT Kym isMG qy ibkrmw isMG rwjw dy h`k ivc ilKqW Cpx lg peIAW sn[ ieh nIm-ihMdU soc vwly lok qW “isMG sBw” ƒ “AKOqI sihjDwrI jW ihMdU sBw” ivc bdlx dI koiSS vI kr rhy sn[ iek vwr qW ies dw nW „isMG sBw‟ dI QW „is`K sBw‟ r`Kx vwsqy rwvlipMfI isMG sBw ny ilKqI suJwA vI pyS kIqw sI[
dUjy pwsy isAwsI p`K qoN vI vKryvyN pYdw ho gey sn[ poR. gurmuK isMG AMgryz srkwr dI mu^wl&q krn dy h`k ivc nhIN sI qy aus ny (mhwrwjw) dlIp isMG dy h`k ivc CpI ^urSId Kwlsw ikqwb dy lyKk inhwl isMG ƒ isMG sBw lwhOr coN k`F vI id`qw sI[ dIvwn bUtw isMG (rwxI ijMd kOr dy swbkw hmdrd) dw vI iehI hSr hoieAw, ikauN ik aus ny aurdU ikqwb ^urSId Kwlsw dw pMjwbI qrjmw Cwp ky vMifAw sI[ AMimRqsr grup BwvyN AMdroN-AMdrI srkwr-pRsq sI, pr aunHW ny ivroD krn dI soc nwl lwhOr grup dy i^lw& stYNf lY ky dlIp isMG (mhwrwjw) dI ihmwieq krnI SurU kr id`qI[ sMn 1887 dy SurU ivc Kwlsw dIvwn AMimRqsr dI srprsqI hyT l`gI iek numwieS ivc dlIp isMG dI qsvIr lwey jwx nwl ies sbMDI AwpsI tkrwE hor vI vD igAw[
Bwvy Kym isMG bydI ƒ AMgryzI srkwr p`kw v&wdwr smJdI sI pr dlIp isMG dI qsvIr lwey jwx ny Kwlsw dIvwn AMimRqsr ƒ srkwr dy Gr ivc bwZI bxw idqw[ srkwr ny AMimRqsr DVy ƒ is`KW dy numwieMidAW vjoN srkwrI bYTkW, kmytIAW Aqy AdwirAW ivc QW dyxI bMd kr idqI[
ienHIN idnIN hI drbwr swihb ivc ibjlI lwaux sbMDI do rwvW bx geIAW[ Kym isMG bydI DVw ibjlI dy h`k ivc sI[ rwjw ibkrmw isMG &rIdkot ny ies mksd vwsqy, rwxI ivktorIAw dI jublI dy nW qy 25 hzwr rupY dyx dw AYlwn vI kr id`qw[ dUjy pwsy, lwhOr DVy dy pRo. gurmuK isMG ies dy i^lw& sn[ ibjlI dI mu^wl&q krn kwrn AMimRqsr DVy ny pRo. gurmuK isMG Aqy ig. idq isMG dy i^lw& bVw pRcwr kIqw[ Kym isMG bydI qy pujwrI QW-QW jw ky pRo. gurmuK isMG dy i^lw& prcwr krn lg pey[ ienHW ny AMimRqsr Kwlsw dIvwn, rwvlipMfI isMG sBw Aqy &rIdkot dy rwjy ibkrmw isMG dy ihmwieqIAW ƒ vI nwl rlw ilAw[
ies mgroN ienHW ny pRo. gurmuK isMG au~qy bymwAnw “doS” lw ky pujwrIAW qoN aus dy i^lw& (AKOqI) hukmnwmw jwrI krvw id`qw[ pr, ies qoN kuJ smW bwd hI iek-iek kr ky isMG sBw lihr dy swry moFI AwgU cVHweI krn lg pey[ sB qoN pihlW, 8 meI 1887 dy idn kMvr ibkrm isMG kpUrQlw (jlMDr), iPr 18 sqbMr 1887 ƒ Twkr isMG sMDwvwlIAw (jo audoN jlwvqn ho ky pWfIcrI ivc rihMdy sn), 10 jUn 1896 ƒ Aqr isMG BdOV, 8 Agsq 1898 nUM rwjw ibkrmw isMG &rIdkot, 9 jUn 1898 ƒ fw: jY isMG, 24 sqMbr 1898 ƒ pRo: gurmuK isMG qy 6 sqMbr 1901 ƒ ig: idq isMG ies &wnI dunIAW ƒ Alivdw kih gey[ ies nwl isMG sBw lihr dw pihlw pVwA ^qm ho igAw[ ies mgroN 30 AkqUbr 1902 dy idn, cI& Kwlsw dIvwn kwiem kr idqw igAw[ ies vyly qk Kym isMG bydI iek qW bhuq bdnwm ho cukw sI qy dUjw aumr Aqy ishq kr ky vI srgrm nhIN sI irhw[ ies qrHW aus dw Aw^rI smW qkrIbn guMmnwmI ivc hI bIiqAw.
Kym isMG bydI
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)