KVg isMG mhwrwjw
KVg isMG (9 &rvrI 1801 – 4 nvMbr 1840) mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw sB qoN v`fw pu`qr sI[ aus dI SwdI cMd kOr (puqrI jYml isMG kn`eIAw imsl) nwl hoeI sI[ aus ny nOinhwl isMG nUM jnm id`qw[ rxjIq isMG ny KVg isMG nUM rwj drbwr dy kMmW ivc koeI izMmydwrI nhIN sONpI, ies kr ky auh ies p`K qoN iblkul Axjwx hI irhw (swrI qwkq brylI dy imSrw Aqy jMmU dy fogirAW dy h`QW ivc sI)[ rxjIq isMG ny aus nUM kuJ &OjI muihMmW ‟qy zrUr ByijAw sI (^ws kr ky sMn 1818 ivc mulqwn qy sMn 1819 ivc kSmIr dI muihMm ‟qy)[
27 jUn 1839 dy idn mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI mOq ho geI qW aus nUM lwhOr dy q^q ‟qy ibTwieAw igAw[ rxjIq isMG ny AwpxI hkUmq dI bhuqI qwkq iDAwn isMh fogrw qy aus dy pu`qr hIrw isMh Aqy iDAwn isMh dy BrwvW (gulwb isMh qy sucyq isMh) vZYrw ƒ sONpI hoeI sI[ iDAwn isMh pRweIm minstr sI[ KVg isMG fogirAW dIAW swzSI kwrvweIAW qoN duKI sI[ aus dw sB qoN v`fw slwhwkwr cyq isMG bwjvw sI[ fogry smJdy sn ik cyq isMG ƒ rwh ivcoN htwaux nwl hI auh swrI qwkq Awpxy h`Q ivc r`K skdy sn[ ies kr ky aunHW ny cyq isMG dy i^lw& iek swizS GVI[ aunHW ny cyq isMG v`loN AMgryzW ƒ ilKIAW nklI ic`TIAW iqAwr kIqIAW Aqy aus ƒ “Zdwr” AYlwn krvwaux vwsqy, ienHW ^qW ƒ Awpy bxweI iek “kONsl” kol pyS kIqw[ ies 11 mYNbrI kONsl ivc iqMn fogry (iDAwn isMh, kysrI isMh qy hIrw isMh), cwr sMDwvwlIey (Aqr isMG, ikhr isMG, lihxw isMG, Syr isMG), imsr lwl isMh bRwhmx, AlYZzYNdr gwrfnr qoN ielwvw rwxI cMd kOr (mhwrwxI) Aqy kMvr nOinhwl isMG Swiml sn[ ies kONsl dI swzSI mIitMg ivc fogirAW ny mqw pws krvwieAw ik cyq isMG ƒ (jwAlI) ic`TIAW ilKx bdly szwey-mOq idqI jwvy qy KVg isMG ƒ htw ky qwkq kMvr nOinhwl isMG ƒ sONp idqI jwvy[
9 AkqUbr 1839 nUM iDAwn isMh fogrw dI AgvweI hyT ies “kONsl” dy kuJ mYNbr KVg isMG dy kmry ivc dwi^l hoey[ aunHW ny cyq isMG bwjvw ƒ l`B ky KVg isMG dy swhmxy kql kr id`qw[ kinMMGm muqibk KVg isMG ro-ro ky qy cI^-cI^ ky rokdw irhw pr iDAwn isMh ny Awpxy h`QIN cyq isMG ƒ kql kr idqw[ (ie`QoN pqw lgdw hY ik KVg isMG ikho-ijhw kmzor-idl qy byjwn rwjw sI jo Awpxy slwhkwr qy dosq nUM vI bcwA nw sikAw qy aus dy kql smyN isr& roNdw irhw sI)[ aunHW ny KVg isMG ƒ vI aus dI irhwieS ivc hI nzrbMd kr idqw qy nOinhwl isMG ƒ g`dI ‟qy ibTw idqw[ KVg isMG eynw duKI hoieAw ik aus ny keI idn Kwxw vI nw KwDw[ nzrbMdI ivc hI fogirAW ny aus ƒ zihrIlI Kurwk dyxI SurU kr idqI[
hux kMvr nOinhwl isMG ƒ vI fogirAW dIAW cwlW smJ Awaux l`g peIAW sn[ aus ny iDAwn isMh dy nwl-nwl &kIr AzIz-aud-dIn, do bRwhmxW (jmWdr KuShwl isMh qy BeIAw rwm isMh) qoN ielwvw lihxw isMG mjITIAw Aqy AjIq isMG sMDwvwlIAw ƒ vI inzwm ivc BweIvwl bxw idqw sI[ ieM\ fogry pUrI hkUmq ‟qy kwbz nw ho sky[ ieh g`l iDAwn isMh ƒ mnzUr nhIN sI[ ies kr ky aus ny nOinhwl isMG ƒ vI ^qm krn dw &Yslw kr ilAw[ auDr zihrIlI Kurwk kwrn 4-5 nvMbr dI rwq ƒ KVg isMG dI mOq ho geI[ aus dw sskwr 5 nvMbr 1840 dy idn gurduAwrw fyhrw swihb Aqy SwhI msijd dy ivckwr (smwD rxjIq isMG dy nyVy) kIqw igAw[ ies mOky ‟qy KVg isMG dIAW dovyN ihMdU-rwjpUq rwxIAW Aqy tihlxW ƒ vI zbrdsqI sqI kIqw igAw[
jd swry jxy KVg isMG dw sskwr kr ky vwips iklHy nUM jw rhy sn qW, pihloN GVI swizS muqwibk, iDAwn isMh fogrw ny rOSnI gyt dw C`jw sutvw ky nOinhwl isMG ƒ mwrn dI koiSS kIqI[ ies vyly nOinhwl isMG ny gulwb isMh fogry dy pu`qr mIAW aUDm isMh dw h`Q PiVAw hoieAw sI[ gyt dw C`jw isr ‟qy if`gx nwl gulwb isMh fogry dw pu`qr mIAW aUDm isMh ausy vyly mr igAw pr nOinhwl isMG ƒ AYvyN QoVHIAW jhIAW JrItW hI AweIAW sn[ pr, pihlW qoN hI kIqI iqAwrI muqwibk, nOinhwl isMG ƒ iek dm jbrI iek pwlkI ivc pw ilAw igAw
(swizS muqwibk pwlkI vI pihloN hI au~Qy mOjUd sI) qy iDAwn isMh fogrw pwlkI lY ky bVI qyzI nwl iklHy vl clw igAw[ lihxw isMG mjIiTAw ny aus dy nwl jwx dI koiSS kIqI qW aus ƒ rok idqw igAw[ hor qW hor nOinhwl isMG dI mW rwxI cMd kOr ƒ vI aus dy nyVy jwx dI iejwzq nw idqI geI[ auh ivcwrI iklHy dw drvwzw KulHvwaux vwsqy ikMnw icr hI drvwzy ‟qy h`Q mwr-mwr ky ip`tdI rhI (fogirAW h`Q eynI qwkq sI ik mhwrwjy dI mW nUM vI iklHy ivc vVn vwsqy iejwzq nhIN sI)[ auDr iDAwn isMh ny isr ivc p`Qr mrvw-mrvw ky nOinhwl isMG ƒ ^qm krvw idqw[ (fw. hOinMmbrg, „QrtI &weIv iXArz ien eIst‟)[ hYnrI gwrfnr dsdw hY ik C`jw fygx qoN pihlW clwkI nwl aus nUM Awpxw &OjI dsqw ilAwaux vwsqy au~QoN Byj id`qw[ auh dsdw hY ik nOinhwl isMG bwry rwz KuLHx dy fr qoN pwlkI iljwx vwilAW ivcoN do nUM kql kr id`qw igAw qy do AMgryzI ielwky nUM dOV gey[ (AlYZjYNdr gwrfnr, „mYmoierz‟)[
aus dI mOq dI ^br qIjy idn k`FI geI[ ies dy nwl hI iDAwn isMG ny Syr isMG ƒ mukyrIAW qoN bulvw ilAw qW jo aus ƒ g`dI ‟qy ibTw idqw jwvy[ nOinhwl isMG dw sskwr 8 nvMbr ƒ kIqw igAw[ aus dy nwl aus dIAW do rwxIAW (ihMdU-rwjpUq ktocx qy pDOVx) qy cwr golIAW sqI kIqIAW (ijaUNdIAW zbrdsqI swV idqIAW) geIAW[ (ieM\ isr& swFy 16 mhIinAW ivc rxjIq isMG dy do vwirs rwjy ^qm kr id`qy gey sn).
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)