Amr dws, gurU
gurU Amr dws swihb (15.4.1509-1.9.1574) dw jnm mwqw b^q kOr (Awp ƒ mwqw l`Ko, sul`KxI qy l`KxI dyvI vI iliKAw igAw hY) Aqy bwbw qyj Bwn (pu`qr bwbw hrI dws) dy Gr ipMf bwsrky (hux bwsrky ig`lW) ivc hoieAw[ (iek vwr iksy lyKk ny Awp dy jnm dI qwrI^ ZlqI nwl 1479 ilK id`qI sI jo Aj vI kuJ lyKk ApxweI bYTy hn)[ Awp dy mwpy vYSƒ soc vwly sn Aqy hr swl bwkwiedw hirduAwr qy kurKyqr (kurUkSyqr) jwieAw krdy sn[ BweI Amr dws dw ivAwh 1532 ivc (mwqw) mnsw dyvI nwl hoieAw[ Awp dy Gr iek bytI (BwnI 1533 ivc) Aqy do byty (mohn 1536 ivc qy mohrI 1539 ivc) pYdw hoey[ Awp dy iek BqIjy dw ivAwh gurU AMgd swihb dI bytI bIbI Amro nwl hoieAw sI [ iek somy muqwibk iek idn bIbI Amro ƒ pwT kridAW sux ky Awp dy idl ivc gurU swihb ƒ imlx dI ^wihS pYdw hoeI[ bIbI Amro Awp ƒ KfUr swihb lY geI [ gurU AMgd swihb dy drSn kr ky BweI Amr dws eyny muqwisr hoey ik Awp aunHW dy hI ho ky rih gey[ Awp ny bwkI aumr gurU swihb dy nwl qy aunHW dI syvw ivc hI ibqwaux dw &Yslw kr ilAw[ ieh g`l sMn 1544 dI hY[
1552 ivc gurU AMgd swihb ny BweI Amr dws ƒ qIjy gurU nwmzd kr id`qw[ Awp ny AwpxI Azmq gurU Amr dws swihb dI hsqI ivc Swiml kr id`qI Aqy swrI bwxI qy hor poQIAW vI Awp ƒ sONp id`qIAW[ gurU Amr dws swihb ny goieMdvwl nUM Awpxw hY~fkuAwrtr bxwieAw[ 1557 ivc gurU Amr dws swihb ny is`K Drm dy pRcwr vwsqy lMbI Xwqrw kIqI[ ies dOrwn Awp hor jgHw qoN ielwvw hrduAwr Aqy kurKyqr vI gey[ ies dOrwn bhuq swry lok is`K Drm ivc Swiml hoey[ gurU Amr dws swihb ny is`KI dy pRcwr vwsqy 22 mMjIAW Aqy 52 pIiVHAW dI kwiemI kIqI[ ienHW swry 74 QwvW ’qy Awp ny iek-iek pRcwrk ƒ nwmzd kIqw[ ienHW pRcwrkW ivc v`K-v`K zwqW qy ielwikAW dy is`K mrdW qoN ielwvw iek AOrq vI Swiml sI[ aunHW gurU nwnk swihb dy hukm muqwibk AOrqW dI hsqI dI Swn kwiem krn vwsqy qy pRcwr ’c vwDw krn vwsqy isr& iehI nhIN kIqw blik AOrqW ivc prdy Aqy sqI dI rsm nUM vI ^qm kIqw[ sqI nUM, mgroN, Akbr bwdSwh ny vI ZYr-kwnUMnI krwr dy id`qw sI[ Aijhw jwpdw hYY ik sqI dI rsm ^qm krn vyly Akbr ny gurU swihb dy hukm dw vI pqww hovygw[ 1556 ivc Awp ny goieMdvwl ivc iek bwaulI iqAwr kwrvweI qW jo ielwky ivc pIx vwly pwxI dI muSikl h`l kIqI jwey[ mgroN hor gurU swihbwn ny vI keI jgHw KUh Aqy bwaulIAW bxvweIAW[ gurU Amr dws jI ny hr swl pihlI mwG, pihlI ivswK Aqy ihMdU-dIvwlI vwly idn, goieMdvwl ivc is`KW dy iek`T krny SurU kIqy[ ienHW iek`TW ’qy hzwrW is`K pu`ijAw krdy sn[ gurU swihb ny ieh idn ies kr ky nhIN cuxy ik is`K Drm ivc mwGI, ivswKI jW dIvwlI dI koeI AihmIAq sI blik ies kr ky cuxy sn ikauN ik aunHIN idnI kYlMfr vI nhIN hoieAw krdy sI Aqy ieh idn Awm lokW ƒ pqw hox kr ky smwgmW dw pqw krnw Awswn sI.
gurU Amr dws swihb ny vI bwxI dI rcnw kIqI[ Awp dy swry dy swry 869 slok gurU gRMQ swihb ivc drj hn[ ienHW ivc ‘AnMd swihb’ bwxI vI swiml hY, ijs ƒ is`K hr roz pVHdy hn[
gurU Amr dws jI ny gurU nwnk swihb v`loN SurU kIqy lMgr ƒ is`K drbwr dw iek lwzmI ih`sw bxw id`qw[ drbwr ivc Awaux vwly hr S^s vwsqy pihlW lMgr Ckxw lwzmI kr id`qw igAw[ lMgr dw mwAnw mu&q rotI nhIN sI blik rUhwnI, smwijk qy BweIcwrk sWJ sI[ ijs nwl AKOqI v`fy dI hYNkV Aqy AKOqI Coty dw Aihswsy-kmqrI (hIxqw dI soc) vI ^qm huMdw sI[ jdoN Akbr pihlI vwrI goieMdvwl igAw qW aus ƒ vI gurU swihb dy drSn krn qoN pihlW lMgr Ckxw ipAw sI[ gurU Amr dws jI dI S^sIAq ny Akbr ƒ bhuq Asr-AMdwz kIqw[ gurU Amr dws jI dy vyly qk is`KW dI igxqI ivc coKw vwDw ho cu`kw sI[ pMQ dI syvw krdy Awp 1574 ivc joqI- joiq smw gey[ joqI-joiq smwaux qoN kuJ icr pihloN aunHW ny BweI jyTw ƒ cOQy gurU Qwp id`qw qy aunHW ƒ nvW nW ‘gurU rwmdws’ vI id`qw[ aunHW gurU rwmdws jI ƒ ie`k mwfl is`K ngr kwiem krn vwsqy hdwieq vI id`qI (ies ngr dI nINh 1564 ivc r`KI jw cukI sI[ (aus vyly ies dw nW ‘gurU dw c`k’, iPr ‘c`k rwmdws’ bixAw qy hux ies nUM ‘AMimRqsr’ kr ky jwixAw jWdw hY).
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)