sqnwmI/ sqnwmIey
rwjpUqW dw iek i&rkw, jo AOrMgzyb Aqy muZlW dy zulmW qoN duKI ho ky cMdyl rwjpUq jgjIvn dws (pu`qr swDU gMgw rwm) sI AgvweI hyT muZl rwj dy i^lw& ho igAw sI[ieh vI ikhw jWdw hY ik jgjIvn dws gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb nUM imilAw sI qy aunHW dI ASIrvwd hwisl kIqI sI[ ies irvwieq muqwibk gurU jI ny aus nUM siq nwm jpx vwsqy ikhw sI, ijs qoN aunHW dw nW sqnwmIey bx igAw sI[ ienHW ny nwrnOl (hirAwxw ivc id`lI qoN 120 iklomItr dUr) ’qy kbzw kr ky SwhI &Oj nUM hrw id`qw sI[ ies nwl muZlW ivc dihSq PYl geI sI qy auh ienHW qoN frn lg pey sn[ muslmwnW ivc ieh g`l PYl geI sI ik ienHW kol koeI (siqnwm dw) mMqr hY ijs kr ky ienHW nUM koeI hrw nhIN skdw[ ies g`l ny AOrMgzyb dI nINd hrwm kr id`qI Aqy aus ny ^ud ies muihMm dI AgvweI sMBwlI Aqy ds hzwr dI igxqI ivc &Oj iqAwr kIqI qy sqnwmIAW dy mMqrW nUM byAsr krn vwsqy Awpxy h`QIN JMfy au~qy kurwn dIAW AwieqW ilK ky sXd Aihmd ^wn dI AgvweI hyT &Oj ByjI[ ies &Oj ny 15 mwrc 1672 dy idn sqnwmIAW ’qy hmlw kr ky ienHW dw kqlyAwm krnw SurU kr id`qw[ pihly idn hI do hzwr sqnwmI kql kr id`qy gey sn[ ies kqlyAwm ivcoN jo bcy auh m`D pRdyS qy C`qIsgVH dy ielwky v`l cly gey sn[ iqMn dhwikAW mgroN jgjIvn dws dy iek cyly dulMd dws ny ienHW nUM muV jQybMd krn ivc bhuq v`fw rol Adw kIqw sI[ hux aunHW ivcoN bhuq swry C`qIsgVH, JwrKMf qy bMgwl dy ielwikAW ivc vI PYly hoey hn[ aunHW ivcoN keI iesweI vI bx cuky hn[iek AMdwzy muqwibk ienHW dI igxqI fyF kroV dy krIb hY[ C`qIsgVH dw muK mMqrI AjIq jogI iesy kbIly ivcoN hY. 2. 1820 ivc ipMf igrodpurI (izlHw rweypur, m`D pRdyS) dy GwsIdws (1756 – 1836), pu`qr mMgU dws, ny dilqW (^ws kr ky cmwrW) nUM jQybMd kIqw qy sqnwm dw pRcwr kIqw[ mgroN aus dy pu`qr bwlk dws ny vI sqnwmIAW nUM cMgI AgvweI id`qI[ A`j auh C`qIsgVH ivc iek bhuq v`fI qwkq bx cuky hn[ aunHW dw hYfkuAwrtrz BMfwrw (izlHw rweypr, m`DpRdyS) ivc hY.
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)