Swh nvwz ^wn
ieh lwhOr dy sUbydwr zkrIAw ^wn dw pu`qr sI (aus dw Asl nW hXwqulw ^wn sI, (ies nUM Swh nvwz ^wn dw i^qwb nwdr Swh ny mdd krn bdly 1739 ivc idqw sI)[ zkrIAw ^wn pihlI julweI 1745 dy idn mr igAw[ ies vyly zkrIAw ^wn dw swlw kmru`dIn id`lI dw vzIr (prweIm minstr) sI[ aus ny zkrIAw dy Brw Kvwjw Abdu`lw nUM sUbydwr bxw id`qw[ Abdu`lw iek lutyrw, T`g, kurpt qy byeImwn S^s sI[ aus ny sUby ivc bVI lu`t mcweI[ ies lu`t kwrn pMjwb ivc ieh AKwx mShUr ho geI sI: “hkUmq nvwb Abdu`lw, nw rhI c`kI nw irhw culHw”[ Abdu`lw qoN kmru`dIn vI duKI ho igAw[ aus ny bwdSwh nUM slwh id`qI ik zkrIAw dy iek pu`qr XwhIAw ^wn nUM lwhOr Aqy dUjy pu`qr Swh invwz ^wn nUM mulqwn dw sUbydwr lw idqw jwvy[ XwhIAw ^wn kmru`dIn dw Awpxw jvweI sI[ XwhIAw ^wn nwl aus dw Brw Swh invwz eynI eIrKw krdw sI ik auh aus dIAW kwrvweIAW dIAW ^brW is`KW nUM phuMcw idAw krdw sI qy ies nwl is`KW dw keI vwr bcwA vI hoieAw sI[ auDr bwdSwh muhMmd Swh rMgIlw ies qu`rwnI ^wndwn nUM ieh dovyN sUby iek`Ty nhIN sI dyxw cwhuMdw[ ies hwlq ivc, srkwrI kwZzW ivc, kmru`dIn hI lwhOr dw kwiem mukwm sUbydwr irhw[ bwdSwh v`loN „hW‟ nw hox dy bwvjUd, kmru`dIn ny cupcwp XwhIAw ^wn nUM lwhOr Byj ky sUbydwrI ‟qy aus dw kbzw krvw idqw[ pr, ies dy nwl hI dohW BrwvW ivc zkrIAw dI jwiedwd vMfx dy svwl ‟qy JgVw KVw ho igAw[ Swh nvwz aus vyly doAwbw dw &Ojdwr sI[ auh &Oj lY ky lwhOr Aw igAw[ XwhIAw ^wn ny aus nUM kuJ nkdI qy kuJ kU hIry-jvwhrwq dy ky trkw idqw qy bwkI sB kuJ Awpxy kol r`K ilAw[ jd Cy mhIny ieM\ hI bIq gey qW bwdSwh ny mihsUs kIqw ik ikauN ik XwhIAw ^wn ny kbzw qW kr hI ilAw hY ies kr ky aus ny 3 jnvrI 1746 nUM lwhOr dw kwiem-mukwm sUbydwr mMn hI ilAw[ bwdSwh ny iPr vI kmru`dIn nUM hI lwhOr dw sUbydwr QwipAw Aqy XwhIAw ^wn nUM aus dw isr& nwieb (ifptI) sUbydwr hI mMinAw[ jd XwhIAw ^wn lwhOr dw rsmI sUbydwr bixAw qW aus dw Brw Swh nvwz ^wn mulqwn ivc sI[ ieDr jd XwhIAw ^wn Aqy lKpq rwey ny A`q cu`k leI qW dIvwn kOVw m`l lwhOr qoN mulqwn clw igAw[ aus ny AwpxI v&wdwrI Swh nvwz ^wn nwl joV leI[ hux dovyN lwhOr ‟qy kbzw krn dI iqAwrI krn lg pey[ pihlW qW Swh invwz ^wn ny sUrq isMh nUM Awpxw ivcolw bxw ky XwhIAw ^wn kol ByijAw Aqy jwiedwd dI shI vMf krn dI mMg kIqI[ pr XwhIAw ^wn ny aus nUM ieh kih ky trkw id`qw ik zkrIAw ^wn ny koeI ^ws dOlq nhIN sI C`fI[ ieh jvwb sux ky Swh invwz ^wn ny lwhOr v`l kUc krn dw &Yslw kIqw[ nvMbr 1746 ivc Swh invwz ^wn dIvwn kOVw m`l, hSmq-au~lw-^wn Aqy Awpxy hor v&wdwr swQIAW smyq kuJ &Oj lY ky lwhOr Aw pu`jw[ aus ny lwhOr Sihr dy bwhr, Swlwmwr bwZ ivc, Awpxy bwp dI kbr dy nyVy, Awpxy qMbU g`f ley[ jlMDr doAwbw dw &Ojdwr AdInw byZ vI aus nwl rl igAw[ hux Swh invwz ^wn ny pYZwm Byj ky XwhIAw ^wn qoN Awpxy ipqw zkrIAw ^wn dI jwiedwd iv`coN Awpxw ih`sw mMigAw[ ies sbMDI kSmkS cwr mhIny cldI rhI pr XwhIAw ^wn trkwauNdw hI irhw[ XwhIAw ^wn nw qW kuJ dyxw cwhuMdw sI qy nw hI lVnw cwhuMdw sI[ iek idn XwhIAw ^wn v`loN moimn ^wn, lKpq rwey, mIr nyAmq ^wn qy AmIn byZ Swh invwz ^wn kol Awey Aqy Cy l`K rupY dI pySkS kIqI[ Swh invwz ^wn ny cwlwkI socI Aqy ieh rkm lY leI pr nwl hI aus ny XwhIAw ^wn dI irAwsq dy kuJ ielwky ‟qy kbzw vI kr ilAw[ aus ny phwVI rwijAW nUM vI hukm Byj id`qy ik auh A`gy qoN mwmlw XwhIAw ^wn dI QW aus nUM idAw krn[ ies ‟qy XwhIAw ^wn vI lVweI vwsqy iqAwr ho igAw[ auDr Swh invwz ^wn dy nwl kOVw m`l, AdInw byZ, hSmqu`lw ^wn vI &OjW lY ky Aw rly[ Swh invwz dI &Oj ny hzrq ieSwn dy mzwr ‟qy morcw lw ilAw[ Swh invwz dI &Oj dI AgvweI AdInw byZ Aqy XwhIAw ^wn dI &Oj dI AgvweI moimn ^wn kr irhw sI[ pihly idn dI lVweI ivc Swh invwz dI ij`q hoeI[ ies mOky ‟qy XwhIAw ^wn dy bhuq swry &OjIAW ny bZwvq vI kr id`qI ikauNik aunHW nUM qn^wh nhIN sI iml rhI[ Swh invwz ny auh bwZI &OjI vI Awpxy nwl rlw ley[ ies mgroN iek hor lVweI hoeI; ies ivc vI Swh invwz dI ij`q hoeI[
13 mwrc 1747 dy idn Swh invwz ^wn dI &Oj lwhOr Sihr ivc dwi^l ho geI qy eId dI nmwz ^qm hox mgroN ies &Oj ny XwhIAw ^wn Aqy aus dy swQIAW ‟qy hmlw kr idqw[ ies hmly ivc XwhIAw ^wn dy bhuq swry swQI mwry gey[ XwhIAw ^wn Awp bVI muSkl nwl bicAw Aqy dOV ky znwn^wny ivc jw luikAw[ Swh invwz ^wn ny aus nUM iesy iemwrq ivc nzrbMd kr idqw Aqy Awp lwhOr dw hwkm bx bYTw[
pihlW-pihl qW Swh invwz Aqy is`KW ivc tkrwA nhIN hoieAw pr jd aus nUM kuJ Awrwm AwieAw qW aus ny vI is`KW dy i^lw& AYkSn SurU kr id`qy[ aus zwlm dirMdy ny vI is`KW ‟qy AMqW dy zulm Fwhy[ aus dy hukmW hyT igR&qwr kIqy is`KW dy aus dy swhmxy iF`f pwV id`qy gey, aunHW dy isr hQOiVAW nwl BMny gey qy aunHW dy isrW iv`coN idmwZ k`F id`qy gey[
ienHW idnW ivc hI iek idn XwhIAw ^wn nzrbMdI iv`coN B`j igAw qy id`lI phuMc igAw[ pr, XwhIAw ^wn ies swrI hwlq qoN eynw Gbrw igAw ik id`lI qooN Awpxy shury, pRweIm minstr, dI &Oj ilAw ky Awpxy Brw qoN hkUmq Kohx dI bjwey, aus ny dunIAWdwrI qoN AwzwdI hwisl kr ky iek „drvyS‟ vwlI izMdZI ibqwauxI SurU kr idqI qy isAwsq qoN iblkul hI iknwrw kr ilAw[ aus ny AwpxI izMdZI dy Aw^rI idn iesy drvySI ivc &rU^wbwd ivc ibqwey (qy auh au~Qy hI mirAw)[ auDr jd XwhIAw ^wn nzrbMdI coN B`j igAw qW Swh invwz nUM fr Bwsx lg ipAw ik XwhIAw ^wn Awpxy shury kmru`dIn (jo id`lI q^q dw v`fw vzIr sI) nUM swrI ^br dyvygw[ ieh vI XkInI sI ik lwhOr ‟qy jbrI kbzy dI ^br id`lI dy bwdSwh muhMmd Swh nUM vI imlygI[ ieh vI ho skdw hY ik bwdSwh dI &Oj aus ‟qy hmlw vI kr dyvy[ ieh soc ky aus ny Aihmd Swh du`rwnI nUM id`lI ‟qy hmlw krn dw s`dw dy idqw[dUjy pwsy Swh invwz ny id`lI dy bwdSwh v`l vI dosqI dw h`Q vDweI r`iKAw[ aus ny 3 sqMbr 1747 dy idn Awpxw numwieMdw id`lI ByijAw pr ies dw koeI nqIjw nw inkilAw[ vzIr kmru`dIn Swh invwz nUM sUbydwr mMnx vwsqy iqAwr nhIN sI[jd Aihmd Swh dsMbr 1747 ivc pMjwb v`l cl ipAw qW id`lI dy vzIr kmru`dIn ny Swh invwz nwl rwbqw bxwieAw Aqy aus nUM muZlW dw v&wdwr bxn vwsqy smJw ky Aihmd Swh du`rwnI nwl t`kr lYx vwsqy iqAwr kIqw[ hux id`lI dy bwdSwh ny Swh invwz nUM lwhOr dw sUbydwr vI mMn ilAw[ 10 jnvrI 1748 dy idn Aihmd Swh lwhOr nyVy rwvI dirAw dy kMFy ‟qy pu`j igAw[ Agly idn aus dI muZlW &OjW nwl zbrdsq lVweI hoeI[ ies lVweI ivc Aihmd Swh dw h`Q aupr irhw[ lVweI hwrn mgroN Swh invwz id`lI B`j igAw[ Aihmd Swh ny lwhOr ‟qy kbzw kr ilAw[
1748 qk id`lI dw v`fw vzIr kmr-aud-dIn (mIr mnUU dw bwp) sI[ Aihmd Swh nwl jMg dOrwn hoeI aus dI mOq mgroN s&dr jMg id`lI ivc v`fw vzIr bixAw qy mIr mnUU lwhOr dw sUbydwr[ s&dr jMg mIr mnUU nwl Kwr KWdw sI[ auh aus (mIr mnUU) nUM qMg krn vwsqy koeI mOkw nhIN sI C`fdw[ mIr mnUU ny nwisr ^wn nUM cwr mhl (isAwlkot, psrUr, gujrwq qy AOrMgwbwd) dw &Ojdwr bxwieAw hoieAw sI[ s&dr jMg nwisr ^wn nUM mIr mnUU dy i^lw& BVkwauNdw rihMdw sI[ ausy ny hI Swh invwz nUM mulqwn ‟qy kbzw krn vwsqy ByijAw sI[ swh invwz l`KI jMgl dy rsiqEN mulqwn pu`jw[ 1748 dy A^Ir ivc aus ny mulqwn ‘qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ Swh invwz eyQoN is`KW nUM ^brW Byj ky aunHW nUM mIr mnUU bwry ^u&IAw jwxkwrI dyNdw rihMdw sI[ aus dy dlwl is`KW nUM SwhI &OjW dy AYkSn dI AgwaUN ^br dy idAw krdy sn[ Swh invwz mIr mnUU nUM qMg krn vwsqy swry vsIly vrqdw rihMdw sI[ ies swry qoN mIr mnUU bVw duKI sI[ auh Swh invwz nwl do h`Q krny cwhuMdw sI[ Aihmd Swh du`rwnI dy (dUjy hmly mgroN) vwips muVn qoN CyqI bwAd hI mIr mnUU ny dIvwn kOVw m`l nUM Swh invwz dy i^lw& mulqwn dI muihMm ‟qy Byjx dw &Yslw kIqw[ kOVw m`l ny ies morcy nUM ij`qx vwsqy is`K &OjW qoN mdd mMgI[ j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw ny kOVw m`l dI mdd krnw mMn ilAw[ pr, ies dy bdly aus ny Awpxy &OjIAW vwsqy pMdrW rupY mhInw qy jQydwrW vwsqy qIh rupY mhInw qn^wh mMgI[ kOVw m`l ny ieh Srq mMn leI Aqy do mhIny dw AYfvWs vI dy idqw[ ieh vI qYA hoieAw ik ies jMg iv`c is`KW v`loN duSmx qoN KoihAw mwl is`KW kol hI rhygw[ ies ‟qy j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw qy su`Kw isMG mwVI kMbo ds hzwr &OjI lY ky kOVw m`l dI muihMm ivc Swiml hox vwsqy cl pey[ jd is`K &OjW cinEt kol phuMcIAW qW kOVw m`l Awp A`gy ho ky &OjW nUM lYx AwieAw qy iek v`fI dyZ kVwh prSwd iqAwr krvw ky is`KW nUM vrqwieAw[ dUjy pwsy Swh invwz vI pUrI iqAwrI ivc sI[ auh vI &Oj lY ky A`gy viDAw[ dOrwnw qy lMgwnw ipMfW ivckwr dohW iDrW ivc zbrdsq jMg hoeI[ pihlW qW Swh invwz ^wn dy jrnYl Kvwjw Swh ny kOVw m`l dIAW &OjW dw bhuq nukswn kIqw[ pr, lVweI dOrwn iek vwr kOVw m`l Aqy Kvwjw Swh Awhmo-swhmxy Aw gey[ Aijhw jwpdw sI ik Kvwjw Swh kOVw m`l nUM kwbU kr lvygw[ jd is`K &OjW ny dIvwn kOVw m`l nUM iGirAw vyiKAw qW aunHW ny AwpxIAW bMdUkW dw inSwnw Swh invwz ^wn vl swD ilAw[ Swh ny ies nUM qwV ilAw Aqy auh bcx vwsqy ip`Cy v`l muiVAw[ pr ies qoN pihlW ik auh dUr inkl jWdw, iek golI aus nUM Aw l`gI Aqy auh Awpxy GoVy qoN if`g ipAw[ ies qoN pihlW ik Swh invwz ^wn au~T skdw, BIm isMG nW dy iek is`K ny &urqI nwl aus dw isr v`F ilAw[ (dIvwn kOVw m`l ny BIm isMG dy ies kwrnwmy bdly aus nUM do sony dy kVy, iek vDIAw GoVw qy iek sunihrI Fwl eInwm vjoN id`qI)[ Swh invwz ^wn dI mOq mgroN aus dy &OjI mYdwn C`f ky B`j gey[ is`K &OjW ny aunHW dw ip`Cw kr ky aunHW dy GoVy, hiQAwr qy hor kImqI swmwn Koh ilAw pr aunHW nUM ijaUNidAW vwips muVn idqw[ mIr mnUU dy do ^ws swQI, Abdul AzIz ^wn Aqy imrzw Asmq byZ ^wn ies lVweI ivc mwry gey[ dIvwn kOVw m`l ny mwry jw cuky Swh invwz dI lwS sMBwl ky aus nUM Sms qbryz dy mkbry dy kol SwhI rsmW nwl dbw id`qw[ (ieh vI crcw sI ik kOVw m`l ny Swh invwz dw v`iFAw hoieAw isr mIr mnUU nUM Byj id`qw sI).
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)