Guru Ram Das Sahib

gurU rwm dws swihb

gur nwnk inkit bsY bnvwrI [iqin lhxw Qwip joiq jig DwrI [
lhxY pMQu Drm kw kIAw [ Amr dws Bly kau dIAw [
iqin sRI rwmdwsu soFI iQru Qpau [ (gXMd B`t)
ieku auqm pMQu suinE gur sMgq iqh imlMq jm qRws imtweI]
iek Ardwis Bwt kiriq kI gur rwmdws rwKhu srxweI ] (kIrq B`t)
bYTw soFI pwqSwh rwmdwsu siqgurU khwvY [
pUrn qwilu KtwieAw AMimRqsir ivic joiq jgwvY [ (BweI gurdws)

gurU rwmdws swihb dw jnm 24 sqMbr 1534 dy idn mwqw dXw kOr qy bwbw hrI dws {puqr Twkr dws qy poqrw bwbw guridAwl} dy Gr mOjUdw cUnw mMfI lwhOr (hux pwiksqwn) dy iek Gr ivc hoieAw sI[ (ies QW ’qy iek gurduAwrw bixAw hoieAw hY)[ Awp dw bcpn dw nW ‘jyTw’ sI[ Awp Ajy isr& swFy s`q swl dy sn ik Awp dy ipqw bwbw hrI dws (1496-1542) cVHweI kr gey[ ies mgroN Awp dy mwqw jI Awp nUM ipMf bwsrky (hux bwsrky ig`lW) lY Awey[ Awp ny Agly iqMn cwr swl bwsrky ig`lW ivc hI ibqwey[ ie`Qy rihMidAW Awp dI nyVqw BweI Amr dws swihb (mgroN gurU Amr dws swihb) nwl ho geI[ aunHW ny BweI jyTw nUM Awpxy pYrW ’qy KVHw hox ivc bVI mdd kIqI[ 1544 ivc (gurU) Amr dws swihb KfUr swihb ivc gurU AMgd swihb nUM imly Aqy kuJ icr mgroN au~Qy hI rihx lg pey[ ies qoN kuJ icr mgroN BweI jyTw vI KfUr jwx lg pey[ BweI jyTw ny vI KfUr swihb ivc kw&I smW ibqwieAw[ 1552 ivc jd gurU Amr dws swihb ny gurg`dI sMBwlI qW Awp vI aunHW dy nwl goieMdvwl jw ky rihx lg pey[ BweI jyTw dw gurU Amr dws swihb nwl eynw ipAwr sI ik auh aunHW nUM Awpxy Gr dw iek jIA hI smJdy sn[ gurU swihb ij`Qy vI jWdy sn Awp nUM vI nwl hI rKdy sn[ jd gurU Amr dws swihb kurUkSyqr jW hirduAwr jW ikqy hor vI gey qW vI BweI jyTw aunHW dy nwl sn[

gurU rwm dws swihb nUM is`K &ls&y dI fUMGI jwxkwrI sI[ ies qoN ielwvw auh bVy sUJvwn vI sn[ gurU Amr dws swihb ny is`KW ivc iek ivl`Kx hsqI dw Aihsws Brn vwsqy is`KW dy rozm`rw dIAW rsmW nUM nymb`D kIqw[ gurU swihb dIAW ienHW hdwieqW qoN iKJ ky 1566 ivc ihMdUAW dy puroihqW ny Akbr kol iSkwieq kIqI[ aus ny gurU swihb nUM Awpxy drbwr ivc bulwieAw[ gurU swihb ny Awp jwx dI QW BweI jyTw nUM aus kol Byj idqw ijs ny Akbr nUM scweI d`sI qy is`KW dy lwswnI qy inAwrI kOm hox bwry smJwieAw[ jd Akbr nUM hkIkq pqw lgI qW aus ny ihMdUAW nUM ikhw ik jd is`K ihMdU hn hI nhIN qW auh ihMdU rsmW ikauN inBwaux? aus ny iSkwieqW krn vwly ihMdUAW nUM ^Ub iJVkW mwrIAW qy Zlq ibAwnI dI szw idqI[ jd BweI jyTw lwhOr qoN goieMdvwl pu`jy qW gurU Amr dws swihb aunHW qy bVy ivgsy qy aunHW dI isAwxp dI bVI dwd idqI[

BweI jyTw dI S^sIAq, aunHW dI eImwndwrI, aunHW dy ie^lwk, aunHW dI syvw Bwvnw, aunHW dI sUJ-bUJ vyK ky gurU Amr dws swihb ny AwpxI bytI bIbI BwnI dw ivAwh 1544 ivc Awp nwl kr idqw[ Awp jI dy Gr 1548 ivc v`fy puqr ipRQI cMd ny, 1551 ivc dUjy pu`qr mhWdyv ny qy 13 AprYl 1553 dy idn (gurU) Arjn swihb ny jnm ilAw[

1574 ivc gurU Amr dws swihb ny Awp nUM gurg`dI dI syvw sONpI qy Awp joqI-joiq smw gey[ gurU rwm dws swihb nUM 32 swl (1542 qoN 1574) gurU Amr dws swihb dw swQ mwxn dw Sr& hwisl sI[ gurU rwm dws swihb ny s`q swl gurg`dI dI syvw sMBwlI qy 1581 ivc joqI-joiq smw gey[ ieM\ Awp ny kul 39 swl pMQ dI syvw kIqI[

gurU dw c`k (AMimRqsr) vswauxw
gurU rwm dws swihb dy Aihd dw iek bVw v`fw kdm gurU dw c`k (hux AMimRqsr) ngr nUM kwiem krnw sI[gurU dw c`k vswaux dw &Yslw gurU rwm dws Aqy gurU Amr dws swihb dw sWJw sI[gurU Amr dws swihb ny gurU rwm dws swihb nUM ieh ngr vswaux vwsqy Awp ByijAw sI[ ies ngr vwsqy BweI

jyTw (gurU rwm dws swihb) ny 1564 ivc quMg, sulqwnivMf qy gumtwlI ipMfW dI zmIn 700 AkbrI rupY dy ky ^rIdI Aqy sB qoN pihlW sMqoKsr srovr dI putweI SurU kIqI[ pr, ies dI putweI Ajy pUrI qrHW nhIN sI hoeI ik gurU Amr dws swihb ny BweI jyTw nUM vwips goieMdvwl bulw ilAw ikauN ik gurU drbwr Aqy ngr dw ieMqzwm aunHW koloN iek`ilAW nhIN sI ho irhw[ ies kr ky 1564 ivc gurU dw c`k ngr dI kwiemI A`D-ivckwr hI ruk geI Aqy Agly ds swl qk ieh ngr v`s nw sikAw[ 1574 ivc gurU Amr dws swihb joqI-joiq smw gey qy BweI jyTw cOQy gurU nwnk bxy[ gurU Amr dws swihb dy ibMdI pu`qrW mohn qy mohrI nUM goieMdvwl dI jwiedwd sMBwl ky gurU rwm dws swihb gurU dw c`k vwlI jgh ‘qy Aw gey Aqy ie`Qy Ajoky gurduAwrw ‘gurU dy mihl’ vwlI QW ’qy Gr bxw ky rihx lg pey[ hwlW ik 10 swl pihlW aunHW ny sMqoKsr srovr dI putweI SurU kr idqI sI pr kuJ kwrnW nUM muK rK ky aunHW pihlW AMimRqsr srovr dI putweI SurU kr idqI iqMn swl ivc hI (1577 ivc) srovr iqAwr ho igAw[ iksy vI nvyN ngr dI sB qoN pihlI zrUrq pwxI dI huMdI hY ies kr ky gurU swihb ny pihlW AMimRqsr qy iPr 1578 ivc sMqoKsr srovr vI iqAwr krvw ilAw[ ies dy nwl hI Sihr ivc keI Drmswlw (AjokI bolI ivc srwvW) vI bx geIAW[

jd 1578 ivc dovyN srovr bx ky iqAwr ho gey qW gurU swihb ny swry pwisEN is`KW nUM s`dy Byj ky nvyN ngr ivc vsx vwsqy ikhw[ gurU swihb ny pUrI plwinMg nwl hr ik`qy dy is`K aus ngr ivc vswey qW jo ieh mwfl ngr Awpxy Awp ivc iek mukMml ‘istI styt’ bx jwvy[ hux ngr ivc Dwrimk kwrvweIAW vwsqy iek gurduAwrw, XwqrUAW Aqy mukwmI lokW dy nhwaux dw mslw h`l krn vwsqy do srovr, pIx dw pwxI muh`eIAw krn vwsqy drjnW KUh, XwqrUAW vwsqy bhuq swrIAW DrmswlvW (srwvW), hr qrHW dw swmwn ^rIdx vwsqy dukwnW qy hr hunr dy kwrIgr ies ngr ivc mOjUd sn[ ies qoN pqw lgdw hY ik gurU rwm dws swihb aus zmwny dy sB qoN v`fy istI plwnr sn[ jd aunHW ny ‘gurU dw c`k’ vswieAw qW (gurU) Arjn swihb vI aunHW nwl h`Q vMfwieAw krdy sn qy ies qjrby nUM aunHW ny hor ngr vswaux vyly b^UbI vriqAw[

msMd jmwq nUM kwiem krnw
gurU rwm dws swihb isr& iek istI plwnr hI nhIN sn blik iek bVy v`fy kOmI AwrgynweIzr vI sn[ ij`Qy gurU Amr dws swihb ny is`K imSn nUM bweI v`fy sYNtr (mMjIAW) qy 52 in`ky sYNtr (pIVHy) bxw ky Drm pRcwr dw kMm jQybMdk qrIky nwl clwieAw sI Aqy au~Qy gurU rwm dws swihb ny ies qoN Aglyrw kdm pu`itAw[ aunHW ny ienHW mMjIAW Aqy pIVHIAW vwly sYNtrW ivc iek-iek p`kw nuMmwieMdw nwmzd kr idqw[ aunHW ienHW numwieMidAW nUM ‘msMd’ (msMd dw l&zI mwAnw hY auh jo g`dI ’qy bYTdw hY pr is`K Drm ivc ieh auh numwieMdw hY jo zon dw ieMcwrj hY) dw nW idqw[ ienHW msMdW dw kMm is`K sMgqW ivc Drm prcwr krnw, gurU swihb qy is`KW ivc rwbqw bxwauxw, is`KW dw AwpsI qwlmyl krvwauxw, is`KW dw dsvMD qy hor Bytw gurU swihb qk phuMcwauxw qy hor pMQk kwrvweIAW krnw sI[ ieh msMd drAsl auh sn ijhVy AwpxI eImwndwrI, syvw qy is`KI dy igAwn kwrn jwxy jWdy sn[ msMd jmwq dy kwiem hox nwl ‘gurU dw c`k’ iek ‘istI styt’ hI nhIN blik iek kOm dw hY~fkuAwrtr vI bx igAw[

gurU rwm dws swihb vyly B`t kvI is`K drbwr dw pUrw ih`sw bx cuky sn[ B`tW qoN ielwvw aus vyly s`qw qy blvMf vrgy FwfI vI gurU drbwr ivc syvw inBwA rhy sn[ gurU swihb ny hor ivdvwnW nUM vI gurU drbwr dI syvw sONpI[ ies nwl is`KW ivc rUhwnIAq qy syvw dy nwl-nwl ivdvqw dw p`K vI kOmI soc dw ih`sw bxnw SurU ho igAw[

bwxI dI rcnw
gurU rwm dws swihb iek mhwn bwxI-rcnhwr vI sn [ Awp ny 30 rwgW ivc bwxI ilKI[ Awp dI bwxI ivc 638 Sbd, 8 vwrW, 246 pdy, 31 AStpdIAW qy 138 slok Swiml hn[ ies bwxI ivc is`K AnMd kwrj vyly pVHI jwx vwlI bwxI lwvW Aqy vfhMs rwg ivc GoVIAW dI Dwrnw ’qy (Dwrimk) GoVIAW Aqy CMd vI Swiml hn[ BwvyN gurU swihb ny ieh bwxIAW isr& AnMd kwrj jW ivAwh dIAW rsm vwsqy nhIN ilKIAW sn, pr ienHW ivcoN iek is`K ivAwh nUM rUhwnIAq dI nzr nwl vyKx dw sbk zrUr imldw

hY[ iesy qrHw hI Awp jI dy Sbd “gur siqgur kw jo isKu AKwey…” nUM iek s`cy is`K dw roznwmcw mMinAw jWdw hY:

gur siqgur kw jo isKu AKwey, su Blky auiT hir nwmu iDAwvY [
audmu kry Blky prBwqI, ieSnwn kry AMimRq sr nwvY [
aupdyis gurU hir hir jpu jwpY, siB iklivK pwp doK lih jwvY [
iPir cVHY idvsu gurbwxI gwvY, bhidAw auTidAw hir nwmu iDAwvY [
jo swis swis igrwis iDAwey myrw hir hir, so gurisK gurU min BwvY
ijs no dieAwlu hovY myrw suAwmI, iqsu gurisK gurU aupdysu suxwvY [
jnu nwnku DuiV mMgY iqsu gurisK kI, jo Awp jpY Avrh nwmu jpwvY[

(gurU gRMQ swihb, s&w 305)

gurU rwm dws swihb ny isr& s`q swl gurg`dI dI syvw kIqI pr eyny QoVHy smyN ivc Awp ny eyny mhwn kwrnwmy kIqy ik iek Awm bMdw dMg rih jWdw hY[ gurU rwm dws swihb ies dunIAW ivc isr& 47 swl hI rhy[ ies ivcoN 39 swl aunHW ny pMQ dI syvw dy lyKy lwey[ pMQ dI syvw krdy hoey Awp pihlI sqMbr 1581 dy idn goieMdvwl ivc joqI-joiq smw gey[

gurU rwmdws swihb nwl sbMDq kuJ mnGVq khwxIAW:

ieh swKI ik, gurU rwm dws swihb nUM gurg`dI bIbI BwnI v`loN vr mMgx kr ky imlI sI, is`KI AsUlW dy ault hY ikauNik gurg`dI isr& ^UbIAW (&ls&y dI sUJ, syvw, jQybMdk ^UbIAW, AgvweI dI kwblIAq vZYrw) kr ky hI id`qI jWdI sI[
ieh kihxw ik srovr iek Aijhy C`pV ’qy bxwieAw igAw ij`QoN kW fubkI lw ky hMs bx jWdy sn Aqy ies srovr nUM rjnI dI mnoklipq khwxI nwl joVnw ijs dy ipMgly pqI dw kohV qy Apwhj-puxw AKOqI qOr ’qy dUr hoieAw sI, ieh dovyN g`pW XkInn iksy bRwhmx lyKk ny ies swizS nwl GVIAW hoxgIAW ik ies nUM iksy ‘pRwcIn’ ihMdU mMdr jW imQhws nwl joV ky ies ’qy ihMdUAW dw h`k bxw id`qw jwvy (Aqy duKBMjnI byrI jW hirduAwr dI qrz ’qy GVI AKOqI ‘hir kI pOVI’ nUM hI ihMdUAW dI bxw id`qw jwvy)[
sMqoKsr srovr dI putweI vyly hyToN zmIn iv`coN iek ‘jogI’ inkilAw jo ‘smwDI ivc lIn’ sI[ ieh g`p vI XkInn iksy bRwhmx lyKk ny ieh soc ky GVI hovygI ik ies nUM iksy ‘pRwcIn’ ihMdU mMdr jW imQhws nwl joV ky ies ’qy ihMdUAW dw h`k bxw id`qw jwvy[
gurU rwm dws swihb jI dw sRIcMd nUM ieh kihxw ik ieh dwVHI quhwfy crn (pYr) JwVn vwsqy hY[ ieh khwxI iksy gurU swihb dy ibMdI vwirs ny Awpxy ^wndwn dI pUjw krvwaux vwsqy GVI hovygI (ieh Swied imhrbwn dw kMm ho skdw hY)[ auN\ ieh dwVHI dI byAdbI vI hY[
gurU Arjn swihb ny lwhOr qoN cwr ic`TIAW ilKIAW (myrw mn locy… vwly SbdW vwlIAW) ijnHW dy ADwr ’qy aunHW nUM gurg`dI dy id`qI geI[ ieh Sbd gurg`dI imlx qoN pihlW nhIN sn ilKy jw skdy ikauN ik ienHW ivc ‘nwnk’ Cwp hY[ ieh khwxI vI gurg`dI nUM ibnW ^UbIAW vyKy dyx dw nukqw pRcwrn vwsqy GVI jwpdI hY
iek hor g`p ieh vI iksy is`K-doKI ny GVI hoeI hY ik iek vwr gurU Amr dws jI ieSnwn kr rhy sn qW aunHW dI cOkI/pIVHI dw phw/pwvw tu`t igAw qy aunHW dI bytI BwnI ny Awpxw pYr aus dy hyTW r`K id`qw qW jo cOkI/pIVHI dy iKskx nwl nhwauNidAW aunHW dI ‘ibrqI’ nw tu`t jwvy[ ies nwl BwnI dy pYr ivcoN ^Un vgx lg ipAw[ jd gurU jI nhw ky hty qW auh bIbI dy pYr ivxoN ^Un vgdw vyK ky bhuq hYrwn hoey qy nwl hI bIbI dI SrDw ‘qy ^uS vI hoey[ gurU Amr dws jI ny BwnI nUM ikhw ik “mMg lY jo mMgxw eI”, qy BwnI ny ieh vr mMigAw ik “gur-g`dI sdw vwsqy myry Gr ivc hI rhy[” ies kr ky hI gur-g`dI gurU rwm dws (qy ies mgroN gurU Arjn qy aunHW dy b`cy/vwirsW) nUM imlI sI[ pihlI g`l qW ieh hY ik DIAW bwp nUM ieM\ ieSnwn nhIN krvwauNdIAW; dUjw, lok A`KW bMd kr ky nhIN nhwieAw krdy; qIjw, nhwauNidAW ‘ibrqI’ l`gx aqy tu`tx vwlI g`l dw is`KI nwl koeI sbMD nhIN; cOQw, gurg`dI ’qy h`k isr& kwbl vwirs dw huMdw hY ik nw ik ieh iksy vr imlx kwrn jW ipqw purKI jW ^wndwnI hY[
iek hor g`p ieh vI iksy is`K-doKI ny GVI hoeI hY ik iek vwr gurU Amr dws jI ny AwpxI DI BwnI nUM pu`iCAw ik jy qyrw pqI mr jwvy qW qUM kI mihsUs kryNgI; aunHW ieh vI ikhw ik qyry pqI rwm dws dI aumr QoVHI hY[ ies ‘qy bIbI ny AwpxI n`Q auqwr ky gurU jI dy pYrW ivc r`K id`qI[ ieh vyK ky gurU Amr dws jI ny vr id`qw ik mYN AwpxI aumr dy bwkI dy swk qyry pqI nUM dy id`qy hn[
iek hor g`p vI pRclq hY ik gurU Amr dws jI ny gurg`dI dyx qoN pihlW Awpxy dohW jvweIAW BweI jyTw (gurU rwm dws, pqI bIbI BwnI) Aqy BweI rwmw (pqI bIbI dwnI) dy iemiqhwn ley sn[ aunHW ny dohW jvweIAW (jyTw qy rwmw) nUM iek iek QVHw bxwaux vwsqy ikhw[ jd QVHw bx igAw qW gurU jI ny auh QVHw r`d kr id`qw qy Fwhux vwsqy ikhw[ jd dohW ny QVHw dobwrw bxw ilAw qW gurU jI ny Pyr nwpsMd kr ky dobwrw Fuhw idqy[ ieM\ jd iqMn vwr ho cukw qW BweI rwmw ny cOQI vwr QVHw bxwaux qoN nWh kr id`qI, pr, BweI jyTw ny gurU jI dy kihx ‘qy Cy vwr QVHw Fwh-Fwh ky bxwieAw, qy jd sqvIN vwr bxwieAw qW gurU jI ny pws kr id`qw, Aqy ies mgroN gurg`dI aunHW nUM dy id`qI[ ies g`p ivc do v`fIAW Zlq g`lW hn: pihlI g`l qW ieh hY ik gurU Amr dws jI dI ieko bytI BwnI sI qy ieh g`p pRcwrn vwsqy iksy ny nklI dwnI nUM gurU jI dI bytI bxw id`qw hY; dUjw gur-g`dI QVHw bxwaux kr ky nhIN id`qI jwxI sI[ ijs ny ieh khwxI GVI hY auh gurU jI dw hukm vwr-vwr mMnx dI Srq nUM gur-g`dI vwsqy ieko-iek kwblIAq swibq krnI cwhuMdw hY, jo ik iblkul Zlq hY; gurU Amr dws jI ny qW BweI jyTw dI kwblIAq keI p`KW qoN prK ky aunHW nUM gur-g`dI dI syvw sONpI sI[

{fw. hrijMdr isMg idlgIr}