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Ram Das Guru


rwm dws, gurU

 gurU rwmdws jI (24.9.1534-1.9.1581) dw jnm mwqw dieAw kOr Aqy bwbw hirdws (pu`qr bwbw Twkr dws, poqw bwbw hridAwl soFI) dy Gr lwhOr ivc hoieAw sI[ Awp dw bcpn dw nW jyTw sI[ Awp Ajy sq ku swl dy sn ik Awp dy ipqw cVHweI kr gey sn[ sMn 1541 ivc Awp dy mwqw Awp ƒ ipMf bwsrky lY gey[ ieQy BweI jyTw dw myl (gurU) Amr dws swihb nwl hoieAw[ kuJ swlW mgroN (gurU) Amr dws swihb goieMdvwl cly gey qW jyTw ƒ vI nwl lY gey sn[ gurU Amr dws swihb BweI jyTw dIAW ^UbIAW qoN eyny Asr-AMdwz hoey ik auh ijQy vI jWdy, BweI jyTw ƒ vI lY ky jWdy[ jnvrI 1553 ivc jdoN gurU swihb kurUkSyqr qy hirduAwr v`l Drm pRcwr dy dOry ’qy gey qW BweI jyTw vI Awp dy nwl sn[ 10 &rvrI 1542 dy idn gurU Amr dws swihb ny AwpxI bytI BwnI dw ivAwh BweI jyTw nwl kr id`qw[ bIbI BwnI ny iqMn pu`qrW ƒ jnm id`qw: ipRQIcMd sMn 1548 ivc, mhWdyv sMn 1550 ivc Aqy (gurU) Arjn swihb sMn 1553 ivc[

iek vwr bRwhmxW ny muZl bwdSwh Akbr ƒ iSkwieq kIqI ik gurU Amr dws swihb lokW ƒ gwieqRI-mMqR pVHnoN htw ky gurbwxI nwl joV rhy sn[ aunHIN idnIN Akbr ihMdUAW dI g`l bVy iDAwn nwl suixAw krdw sI ikauNik joDpur dy ihMdU rwjy ny AwpxI DI aus nwl ivAwhI hoeI sI[ kuJ icr mgroN jdoN Akbr lwhOr AwieAw qW aus ny gurU swihb ƒ bulw ByijAw[ gurU Amr dws swihb Awp qW nw gey pr BweI jyTw ƒ Byj id`qw[ BweI jyTw ny Akbr dI pUrI qs`lI krvweI qy aus nUM d`isAw ik is`K Drm iek v`Krw Drm hY[ ihMdU is`KW ’qy Awpxy mMqr Tosxw cwhuMdy hn, ijs nUM is`K mnzUr nhIN krdy[ AsIN iksy ihMdU nUM aus dw Drm inBwaux qoN nhIN rokdy[ ies ’qy Akbr ny pMfqW ƒ iJVikAw Aqy BweI jyTw dw lwhOr Awaux Aqy is`K Drm bwry jwxkwrI dyx ’qy SukrIAw Adw kIqw[

sMn 1564 ivc gurU Amr dws swihb ny BweI jyTw ƒ hdwieq id`qI ik auh pMjwb dy ivckwr koeI jgHw ^rId ky is`KW vwsqy iek mwfl ngr dI nINh r`Kx[ BweI jyTw ny sulqwnivMf, quMg, iglvwlI qy gumtwlw ipMfW dI kuJ zmIn ^rId ky gurU dI ngrI dw mu`F bMinHAw[ aunHW ny sMn 1564 ivc sMqoKsr srovr dI KudweI SurU kIqI[ pr kuJ hI mhIinAW bwAd gurU Amr dws swihb ny aunHW nUM vwips goieMdvwl bulw ilAw; ies kr ky nvyN ngr dw kMm iek vwr qW ruk igAw[               

pihlI sqMbr 1574 dy idn Awp ƒ cOQy gurU vjoN gurg`dI sONpI geI[ ies qoN CyqI mgroN hI Awp aus QW ’qy Aw gey ij`Qy Awp nvyN ngr dw mu`F bMnH hey sn[ eyQy sMn 1577 ivc Awp ny AMimRqsr srvor dI putweI SurU krvweI (hux srovr dy nW kr ky ies Sihr dw nW AMimRqsr jwixAw jWdw hY)[ QoVHy icr ivc hI gurU dw c`k ivc ^Ub rOxkW SurU ho geIAW[ nvyN ngr Awm qOr ’qy srkwrW kwiem kirAw krdIAW hn pr gurU rwmdws swihb ny nvW ngr vsw ky qvwrI^ ivc iek hor mIl p`Qr  kwiem kIqw[

gurU rwm dws swihb ny is`K Drm dy pRcwr Aqy kOmI BweIcwry dy qwlmyl vwsqy msMd isstm SurU kIqw[ hr iek ielwky ivc iek jW v`D msMd nwmzd kIqy[ ies nwl is`KW Aqy gurU swihb ivckwr rwbqw vDIAw hox l`g ipAw[ gurU rwm dws swihb vyly bwbw sRIcMd (pu`qr gurU nwnk swihb ) ny vI is`K pirvwr ivc Swiml hox dI ^wihS dw iezhwr kIqw[ gurU swihb ny audwsIAW ƒ ies Srq ’qy is`KI ivc Swiml kIqw ik auh is`K mirAwdw dw hI pRcwr krngy[ pMQ dI syvw krdy gurU rwm dws swihb 1581 ivc joqI joiq smw gey[ ies qoN pihlW aunHW ny gurU Arjn swihb ƒ gurg`dI sONp id`qI sI[ gurU rwmdws swihb ny isr& s`q swl gurg`dI sMBwlI sI pr aunHW ny ies qoN pihlW vI 32 swl pMQ dI syvw ivc lwey sn, Xwin AwpxI aumr dy 47 swlW iv`coN 39 swl Awp pMQ syvw nwl juVy rhy sn[ gurU gRMQ swihb ivc B`tW v`loN gurU rwmdws jI bwry khy l&z: rwmdws soFI iqlku dIAw, gur sbdu scu nIswxu, jIau (923), kiv kl´, Tkur hrdws qny, gur rwmdws sr ABr Bry (1396).