28 dsMbr
1620: gurU hirgoibMd swihb s`q swl mgroN AMimRqsr Awey (AMimRqsr ivc
‘dIpmwlw’ dI qvwrI^ dw s`c kI hY?)
26 AkqUbr 1918 dy idn (ihMdU dIvwlI qoN iek idn pihlW) gvwlIAr iklHy ’coN irhweI mgroN gurU swihb v`K-v`K ngrW ’coN huMdy hoey goieMdvwl pu`jy[ aunHIN idnIN muZl bwdSwh jhWgIr vI pMjwb ivc AieAw hoieAw sI[ ie`Qy 27 jnvrI 1620 dy idn aunHW dI mulwkwq jhWgIr nwl hoeI[ ies mgroN 8 &rvrI 1620 dy idn klwnOr ivc vI dohW ivcN iek vwr iPr mulwkwq hoeI[ ies mOky ’qy jhWgIr ny (gurU Arjn swihb nUM qsIhy dyx vwly) cMdU nUM is`KW dy hvwly krn dw hukm jwrI kIqw[ (is`KW ny cMdU nUM igR&qwr kr ky munwisb szw idqI)[ ie`QoN jhWgIr Aqy gurU swihb, dovyN, lwhOr gey Aqy dohW ny iek`iTAW 16 &rvrI 1620 dy idn mIAW mIr nwl mulwkwq kIqI[
1620 dIAW grmIAW ivc jhWgIr Aqy gurU swihb iek`Ty kSmIr dy dory ’qy gey[ ies mgroN gurU swihb jhWgIr qoN vKry ho ky kSmIr ivc Drm prcwr dy dOry ’qy inkl gey[ kSmIr qoN vwpsI mgroN gurU swihb 28 dsMbr 1620 dy idn gurU dw c`k (AMimRqsr) vI Awey[ irhweI mgroN gurU swihb dw AMimRqsr dw ieh pihlw dOrw sI[ ies qoN sw& pqw lgdw hY ik gurU swihb ijs idn AMimRqsr pu`jy aus idn ihMdUAW dw dIvwlI dw iqauhwr nhIN sI[ AMimRqsr ivc dIvwlI, mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy AMImRqsr ivc lwey bRwhmx nwzm dI srprsqI hyT mhMqW dy vyly mnwauxI SuurU hoeI sI[
gurU hrgoibMd swihb dy AMimRqsr phuMcx sbMDI iek ieMdrwj B`t vhI qlwauNfw, prgxw jINd ivc ieM\ imldw hY:
“gurU hirgoibMd jI mhl Ctw bytw gurU Arjn jI kw, sMmq solW sY sq`qRw mwG pRivSty pihlI ky idhuM hyhr mgrI sy cl kr gwm gurU ky ck prgxw inJrAwlw Awey[ gYloN ArjwnI bytw mohrI jI kw, myhrbwn bytw ipRQI cMd jI kw, bwbw buFw rwmdws bytw suGy rMDwvy kw, gurdws bytw eISr dws B`ly kw, blU rwey bytw mUl cMd jlHwny kw, kOl jI dws bytw AMbIey hjwvq kw, hor isK PkIr Awey[ gurU jI ky Awny kI ^uSI myN dIpmwlw kI geI[ hirmMdr swihb jI myN dIAw bwqI kI syvw imhrbwn kI lweI[ gurU jI qIjy idhuM gurU ck sy ivdw hoie goieMdvwl myN Awie ibrwjy[”
1711: iblwspur ivc bhuq is`KW dIAW ShIdIAW hoeIAW
dsMbr 1711 ivc is`K &OjW kihlUr irAwsq ivc dwi^l ho cukIAW sn (ienHW ivc bwbw bMdw isMG Swiml nhIN sI)[ 28 dsMbr 1711 dy idn muhMmd AmIn ^wn dIAW &OjW ny brswxw ndI dy kMFy ’qy qMbU g`fy hoey sn[ jd is`KW ƒ ies dw pqw lgw qW aunW ƒ muZl &OjW ‘qy hmlw kr idqw[ ies mOky qy qIrW Aqy bMdUkW dI BwrI jMg hoeI[ ies jMg ivc qkrIbn pMj sO is`K ShId hoey[ ShId hox vwly is`KW ivc kyso isMG puqr BweI icqr isMG qy bwG isMG, (dovyN puqr BweI audY isMG qy poqy BweI mnI isMG) vI Swiml sn[
Swm pYx mgroN is`K dirAw pwr kr ky iblwspur vl inkl gey[ hwlW ik dohIN pwsIN ie`ko ijhw nukswn hoieAw sI pr bhwdr Swh ƒ ^uS krn vwsqy ies ƒ muZl &OjW dI ij`q disAw igAw[ muhMmd AmIn ^wn ny eInwm hwisl krn vwsqy ShId hoey pMj sO is`KW dy isr ktvw ky bwdSwh ƒ Byjy[ bwdSwh kol ieh isr jd 12 jnvrI 1712 ƒ pu`jy qW aus ny ienHW isrW dI numwieS lwaux vwsqy AwiKAw[
(iPr 18 jnvrI nUM ienHW isrW dy mInwr bxwaux dy hukm jwrI kIqy gey)[ bwdSwh ny muZl &Oj dI ies ‘kwmXwbI’ ’qy mujrw krvwaux dw hukm jwrI kIqw[ ies dy nwl hI aus ny njUmIAW dI qjvIz muqwibk iek GoVw, iek jMglI sMFw, iek Zulwm, kuJ jVwaU qy sony dIAW cIzW vZYrw dwn-puMn kIqIAW Aqy ienHW cIzW dy isr-vwrny kr ky ieh sB cIzW A&srW nUM b^SIAW[
1929: s.b. mihqwb isMG dI klk`qw knvYnSn c vwrinMg id`qI: “jy is`KW dI g`l nw suxogy qW Bwrq dIAW vµfIAW klk`qy bih ky klm nwl nhIN qlvwr nwl hoxgIAW”
nihrU irport ivc is`KW nwl D`ky mgroN bhuq rOlw ipAw[ ies ‘qy sYNtrl AsYNblI ivc pMjwb dy koty Aqy pMjwb kONsl ivc vK vK DrmW dI numwieMdgI sbMDI nihrU irport ivclIAW m`dW ’qy Aw^rI ivcwrW krn vwsqy iek Awl pwrtIz kwn&rµs 28 qoN 30 dsµbr 1928 ƒ klk`qw ivc hoeI[ ies ivc Swiml hox vwsqy Bwrq dy v`K-v`K ih`isAW qoN kWgrs fYlIgyt klk`qw pu`jy hoey sn[ ies mOky ’qy mwstr qwrw isµG dIAW koiSSW nwl 30-40 is`K AwgU vI kl`kqw pu`jy hoey sn qW jo auh v`K-v`K kWgrsI AwgUAW ƒ iml ky is`K nukqw-ingwh pyS kr skx[ mwstr qwrw isµG ny iek drjn dy krIb sInIAr kWgrsI AwgUAW ƒ is`KW dI puzISn ibAwn kIqI[ nqIjy dy qOr ’qy fwktr AMswrI ny kbUl kr ilAw ik is`KW nwl nihrU irport ivc byiensw&I kIqI geI hY[ auDr moqI lwl nihrU ny vI mµn ilAw ik jy is`K ies irport bwry hwaUs ivc koeI qrmIm krvwaux ivc kwmXwb ho jwx qW aus ƒ koeI ieqrwz nhIN hovygw[
knvYnSn dy dUjy idn musilm lIg dw AwgU muhµmd AlI ijnwh vI ieµglYNf qoN prq ky klk`qw puj cukw sI[ aus ny mµg krnI SurU kr id`qI ik muslmwnW ƒ pµjwb ivc 51 &I sdI Aqy sYNtr ivc 33 &I sdI sItW idqIAW jwx[ ijnwh dy vqIry ny msly ƒ sgoN hor aulJw id`qw[ knvYnSn ’c ies msly dy h`l vwsqy nvIAW koiSSW SurU ho geIAW[ ies mksd vwsqy iek sb-kmytI bxweI geI[ ies sb-kmytI ivc moqI lwl, mdn mohn mwlvIAw, qyj bhwdr sprU, gWDI, milk brkq AlI, mOlwnw Abdul kwdr, mOlwnw Awzwd, mOlwnw z&r AlI ^wn, mwstr qwrw isµG, igAwnI Syr isµG, hrnwm isµG AYfvokyt, mµgl isµG Swiml
kIqy gey[ pr ies sb-kmytI dw koeI nqIjw nw inkl sikAw ikauNik gWDI Aqy qyj bhwdr sprU muslmwnW dI Aqy ijnwh is`KW dI koeI prvwh nhIN krdw sI[ 28 dsµbr 1928 dI ies mIitµg ivc kuJ icr bYTy rihx mgroN ijnwh ivcoN hI au~T ky clw igAw[
Agly idn jdoN dobwrw mIitµg SurU hoeI qW ijnwh ny iek ^UbsUrq qkrIr kIqI Aqy Awpxw kys bw-dlIl pyS kIqw[ ies mgroN s:b: mihqwb isµG qy AYm.Awr. jYkwr ny AwpxI qkrIr ivc ijnwh dIAW swrIAW dlIlW ƒ r`d kr idqw[ BwvyN bhuqy mYNbr ijnwh dy mu^wil& ho gey sn pr ies dy bwvjUd ieh sb-km”ytI iksy is`ty ’qy nw phuµc skI[
A^Ir, jdoN is`K fYlIgytW ny vyiKAw ik ihµdU AwgU muslmwnW ƒ ^uS krn vwsqy is`KW nwl byiensw&I kr rhy hn qW aunHW ny Awps ivc mSvrw kr ky iek sWJw stYNf lYx dw &Yslw kIqw[ s:b: mihqwb isµG ny sYNtrl is`K lIg vloN nihrU irport ivc iek qrmIm pyS kIqI ik ‘‘Bwrq dy Agly AweIn ivcoN i&rkU vµf hr qrHW qy hr pwisEN aufw idqI jwvy qy nihrU irport ivc ies ibnwA qy Adlw bdlI kIqI jwvy[’’ ieh qrmIm nw mµnI jwx qy sYˆtrl is`K lIg vloN nihrU irport qoN AwpxI ihmwieq vwips lYx Aqy knvYnSn ivc hor ih`sw nw lYx dw AYlwn kr idqw[ hrnwm isµG AYfvokyt ny is`K fYlIgytW vloN sWJw ibAwn AwpxIAW mµgW dy bwry ivc piVHAw Aqy ‘‘boly so inhwl…’’ dy jYkwry mwrdy hoey vwk AwaUt kr gey[ jwx qoN pihlW s:b: mihqwb isµG ny gWDI qy ijnwh ƒ mu^wiqb huµidAW ikhw ik ‘‘jy is`KW dI g`l nw suxogy qW Bwrq dIAW vµfIAW klk`qy bih ky klm nwl nhIN qlvwr nwl hoxgIAW[”
gurU gRMQ swihb dy srUp fwk rwhIN Byjx vwsqy mnzUrI 28 dsMbr 1944 dy idn drbwr kmytI ny iek ic`TI (nMbr 4125/67) rwhIN ikhw ik loV pYx ‘qy gurU gRMQ swihb dIAW bIVW pwrsl rwhIN bwhr ByjIAW jw skdIAW hn[ (ikrpwl isMG, ‘pMQk mqy’ s&w 38)[
1986: bRhmpurw ivc puls ny is`KW ‘qy zulm kIqy
28 dsµbr 1986 dy idn AµimRqsr dy ipµf bRhmpurw ’c sI. Awr. pI. AY&. ny hmlw kr ky swry ipµf au~qy bhuq zulm kIqy[ qkrIbn hr iek is`K ƒ burI qrHW k`uitAw igAw[ AOrqW dI byiezqI kIqI geI[ pµdrW is`K igR&qwr kIqy gey[ gurU gRµQ swihb dy do srUpW ƒ golI mwr ky A`g lw idqI geI[ Gtnw qoN pihlW KwVkU Avqwr isµG bRhmpurw ny sI.Awr.pI.AY&. ƒ spIkr qy cYlMj kIqw sI pr koeI vI aus dy nyVy nw AwieAw[ jdoN auh ipMf ivcoN clw igAw qW sI.Awr.pI.AY&. ny Awm lokW ’qy byqhwSw zulm kIqw[ AweI.jI. rbYro, pµjwb dy vzIrW qy hor keI isAwsI cODrIAW ny, smyq gvrnr, ies D`kySwhI qy zulm muAw&I mµgI[ pr bwvjUd ies dy sI.Awr.pI. dy dihSqgrd ispwhIAW ƒ koeI szw nhIN idqI geI[
1988: smrwlw dy suKdyv isMG rwey, aus dw pu`qr suKbIr isMG qy kwrj isMG isDvw nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId
28 dsMbr 1988 dy idn pMjwb puls ny suKdyv isMG rwey Aqy aus dw pu`qr suKbIr isMG (vwsI svrn nwQ, nyVy smrwlw luiDAwxw), Aqy kwrj isMG (vwsI isDvw, KwlVw) nUM nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId kr id`qw[
1990: mu^iqAwr isMG ilhwVkw qy rivMdr isMG rmI jlwlwbwd nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId
28 dsMbr 1990 dy idn pMjwb puls ny mu^iqAwr isMG (pu`qr jwgIr isMG, vwsI ilhwVkw, izlHw AMimRqsr) nUM iek nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId kr id`qw[ iesy idn pMjwb puls ny rivMdr isMG rmI aur& j`gw (vwsI jlwlwbwd, AMimRqsr) nUM vI iek hor nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId kr id`qw[
1991: mu^iqAwr isMG &qihgVH sBrw qy bUtw isMG bMFwlw nklI puls mukwbilAW ivc ShId
28 dsMbr 1991 dy idn pMjwb puls ny mu^iqAwr isMG aur& mwKw (pu`qr hrI isMG, vwsI &qihgVH sBr) qy bUtw isMG (pu`qr hrnwm isMG, vwsI bMFwlw) nUM nklI puls mukwbilAW ivc ShId kr id`qw[
1992: bbr Kwlsw dy jrnYl BweI Drm isMG kwSqIvwl ShId
ATweI dsµbr 1992 dy idn bbr Kwlsw dy jrnYl BweI Drm isµG kwSqIvwl pulIs dy Gyry ivc igAw[ jd aus ny mihsUs kiqw ik auh Gyry ivc bc ky inkl nhIN skygw Aqy jy auh igR&qwr ho igAw qW aus nUM puls dy zulm dw iSkwr hox mgroN vI nklI mukwbly ivc mwr id`qw jwvygw qW aus ny swieAwnweIf dw kYpsUl Kw ky jwn dy idqI[ BweI Drm isMG kwSqIvwl KwVkU lihr dw iek v`fw QMmH sI[ ipCly kuJ kU idnW ivc hI jQydwr qlivMdr isMG moFI bbr Klwsw, suKdyv isMG dwsUvwl bbr AwgU, rGbIr isMG swhloN aur& tYNk, b^SIS isMG bl hukmI, jgrUp isµG rUpw, inSwn isµG mKU, BUipµdr isµG iBµdw, hrimMdr isµG sulqwnivµf, nvrUp isMG FotIAW dy ShId hox Aqy hux BweI Drm isMG dI ShIdI nwl KwVkU lihr dw l`k tu`t igAw[
1994: nirMdr isMG dvwlI nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId
28 dsMbr 1994 dy idn pMjwb puls ny nirMdr isMG aur& suKdyv isMG (pu`qr imhr isMG, vwsI dvwlI, nyVy jMifAwlI, izlHw jlMDr) nUM iek nklI puls mukwbly ivc ShId kr id`qw[
2006: sonIAw gWDI nUM Akwl q^q qy cVHn iejwzq nw id`qI geI
28 dsMbr 2006 dy idn kWgrs dI prYzIfYNt sonIAw gWDI (vDvw rwjIv gWDI) AMimRqsr AweI Aqy drbwr swihb vyKx vI geI[ SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI ny pihlW hI AYlwn kr id`qw sI ik ikauN ik aus dw pqI vI drbwr swihb ‘qy hmly dw izMmyvwr sI ies kr ky aus nUM Akwl q^q swihb dI eImwrq ‘qy cVHn dI iejwzq nhIN hovygI[ ies kr ky auh Akwl q^q ‘qy cVHy ibnw hI vwips muV geI[
fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr