gurU goibMd isMG swihb
gurU goibMd swihb dw jnm 18 dsMbr 1661 dy idn ptnw (ibhwr) ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb Aqy gujrI dy Gr hoieAw sI[ keI ilKwrI Awp dw jnm 1666 ivc mMndy hn pr aunHW lyKkW ny bhuq swry nvyN l`By purwxy qvwrI^I somy pVyH nhIN jwpdy[ ies sbMDI iek ieMdrwj „B`t vhI d`KxI-pUrbI‟ ivc ieM\ imldw hY:
“…goibMd dws bytw gurU qyZ bhwdr jI mhl nwmW kw, poqw gurU hirgoibMd jI kw…soFI KqrI bwsI ptnw Sihr qt ndI sMmq sqrW sY ATwrW poK mwsy sudI spqmI buDvwr ky idhuM rYn FlI jnm hUAw idhuM fly[ mwqw nwnkI jI ny grIb gurby ko dwn dIAw, rYx peI dIpmwlw hUeI, bVw kqUhl hUAw[ kweI vwrw pwr nhIN sI Awie rhw, gurU gurU jpxw, jnm saurYgw gurU hr QWie shweI hogu[
gurU goibMd isMG swihb dy jnm dIAW cwr qwrI^W imldIAW hn: 1666, 1661, 1668 qy 1669 (1668 isr& SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dI ikqwb „gur pRxwlIAW‟ ivc dwAvw kIqI geI hY qy 1669 pwl isMG puryvwl ny k`FI hY)[ ienHW iv`coN 1666 nUM ADwr mMn ky kuJ lyKkW ny gurU swihb nUM nON swl ivc gurg`dI idvw id`qI sI jo shI nhIN hY[ is`K qvwrI^ dy sB qoN purwxy soimAW ivc kysr isMG iCbr dw „bMswvlInwmw dsW pwqswhIAW dw‟ (1769) hY jW „B`t vhIAW‟ (sqwrvIN sdI) hn[ auh sB 1661 hI ilKdIAW hn[ AMgryz lyKkW ivcoN kinMGm vI iehI mMndw hY („ihstrI Aw& d is`Kz‟ (1846), s&w 74)[ auh sw& ilKdw hY ik 1708 ivc aunHW dI aumr 47 vrHy sI[ kpUrQlw irAwsq v`loN rwm suK rwE qoN ilKvweIAW
„&qih isMG pRBwkr‟ Aqy „j`sw isMG ibnod‟ (1850 dy krIb) ivc vI 18 dsMbr 1661 vwlI qwrI^ ilKI hoeI hY[
Awp dy mwipAW ny Awp dw nW goibMd dws r`iKAw[ goibMd dws dy bcpn dy pihly swFy A`T swl ptnw ivc hI bIqy sn[ ies dOrwn Awp ƒ Awp dy Coty mwmy ikrpwl (KMfy dI pwhul mgroN ikrpwl isMG), BweI caupiq rwie (cOpw isMG), dwdI mwqw nwnkI qoN ielwvw syT jYq ml Aqy rwjw &qih Swh mYxI dy prvwrW dw in`Gw ipAwr hwisl hoieAw[ Awp ny ies smyN dOrwn ibhwrI-ihMdI, sMsikRq Aqy &wrsI zbwnW pVHIAW Aqy ies dy nwl-nwl gurbwxI, i&lws&I Aqy ieiqhws dI vI jwxkwrI hwisl kIqI[ jd bwl goibMd dws ptnw ivc sn qW Awp dy ipqw gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb Aswm, bMgwl qy ibhwr dy dOry ‟qy jWdy rihMdy sn[ 1664 ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb qy mwqw nwnkI pMjwb ƒ muV gey[ Agsq 1664 ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb gurg`dI ‟qy bYTy[ ies mgroN aunHW ny 19 jUn 1665 dy idn „c`k nwnkI‟ (AnMdpur swihb) dI nINh r`KI[ jnvrI 1666 ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb
Pyr pUrb v`l cly gey[ Agly pMj swl auh mOjUdw auqr pRdyS, ibhwr, bMgwl, Aswm, iqRpurw Aqy mOjUdw bMglw dyS ivc is`K Drm dw prcwr krdy rhy[ 1670 dIAW grmIAW ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb iPr pMjwb vl muV pey[ aunHW ny mwqw gujrI Aqy goibMd dws ƒ vI pMjwb muV jwx vwsqy AwK idqw[
julweI 1670 ivc mwqw gujrI, mwmw ikrpwl Aqy kuJ is`KW nwl bwl goibMd dws pMjwb vl cl pey[ Awp ptnw qoN AXu`iDAw, lKnaU, nwnkm`qw, knKl (hrduAwr) qy AMbwlw huMdy hoey 28 Agsq 1670 dy idn Awpxy nwnky ipMf lKnOr pu`jy[ lKnOr ivc Awp dy v`fy mwmy imhr cMd suiB`KI ny Awp ƒ zmrUdI rMg dI dsqwr sjweI[ ies vyly Awp dI aumr 8 swl 8 mhIny 10 idn sI[ ies dsqwrbMdI sbMDI iek ieMdrwj B`t vhIAW ivc ieM\ imldw hY:
gurU goibMd dws jI bytw gurU qyZ bhwdr mhl nwmy kw, poqw gurU hirgoibMd jI kw, pVpoqw gurU Arjn jI kw, DMn gurU rwmdws jI kI gosl goqr soFI KqrI, lKnOr Awey, prgwnw AMbwlw sMmq sqrW sY sqweIs ASv mwsy Suklw p`Ky, nvIN ky idhuM[ gYl mwqw gujrI jI Awey, iesqrI gurU qyZ bhwdr jI kI, ikrpwl cMd AwieAw bytw lwl cMd suiBKI kw, swDU rwm AwieAw bytw Drmy Kosly kw, caupiq rwie AwieAw bytw pYry iCbr kw, guAwl dws AwieAw bytw Cut ml iCbr kw, ikrpw rwm AwieAw bytw AVU rwm dq kw[ dsmI ky roz mwmU myhr cMd ny gurU goibMd jI ko zmrUdI rMg dI pwg bMDweI[ (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI)[
kuJ idn lKnOr ivc rihx mgroN goibMd dws bkwlw cly gey[ bkwlw ivc Awp do ku swl rhy[ mwrc 1673 ivc Awp ny ipqw-gurU jI kol ^wihS zwihr kIqI ik mYN AwpxI dwdI dy nW ‟qy visAw ipMf vyKxw cwhuMdw hW[ aunHIN idnIN hI iblwspur qoN rwxI cMpw dI ic`TI vI AweI[ ijs ivc aus ny gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb Aqy swihbzwdw goibMd dws dy drSnW dI ie`Cw zwihr kIqI[ rwxI dI qWG dw pqw gurU swihb ƒ pihloN vI lg cukw sI[ ies kr ky aunHW ny PYslw kIqw kIqw ik auh AglI ivswKI dw iek`T c`k nwnkI ivc krngy[ 28 mwrc 1672 ƒ pihlI ivswK sI qy gurU jI ies qoN iek h&qw pihlW c`k nwnkI p`uj gey[ ies mOky ‟qy hzwrW is`K c`k nwnkI p`ujy qy nvyN ngr ivc ^Ub rOxkW bxIAW[
kuJ idn mgroN rwxI cMpw dw vzIr c`k nwnkI AwieAw qy gurU swihb ƒ iblwspur Awaux dI Arz kIqI[ AprYl 1672 ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb rwxI cMpw ƒ drSn dyx vwsqy iblwspur gey[ gurU swihb dy Awaux ‟qy iblwspur ngr nvIN vhutI vWg sjwieAw hoieAw sI[ rwxI cMpw ^uSI ivc Pu`lI nhIN smw rhI sI[ rwxI cMpw Aqy aus dy pu`qr rwjw BIm cMd ny gurU jI ƒ SwhI „jI AwieAW‟ AwiKAw[ gurU swihb iqMn idn iblwspur ivc rhy Aqy Pyr c`k nwnkI prq gey[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb mwrc 1673 dy Aw^rI h&qy qoN 10 julweI 1675 qk c`k nwnkI ivc rhy[ ienHW idnW ivc swry pwsy qoN is`K sMgqW c`k nwnkI Awaux lg peIAW[ ienHW idnW ivc hI lwhOr qoN BweI hirjs suiB`KI vI drSnW vwsqy AwieAw[ aus dI bytI bIbI jIqW (KMfy dI pwhul lYx mgroN jIq kOr) dI mMgxI goibMd dws nwl 12 meI 1673 dy idn kIqI geI[ ies dy nwl hI BweI bjr isMG ƒ goibMd dws nUM Ssqr clwaux qy GoV svwrI isKwaux vwsqy qwienwq kIqw[
gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI ShIdI mgroN
kSmIr dy bRwhmxW nUM jbrI muslmwn bxwey jwx dy i^lw& gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny Awvwz auTweI qW aunHW nUM 11 nvMbr 1675 dy idn ShId kr id`qw igAw[
gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI ShIdI mgroN gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny is`K pMQ dI vwg-for sMBwlI[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI ShIdI ny is`KW ivc bVw roh BirAw pr gurU goibMd swihb ny aunHW ƒ iek-dm jvwb dyx qoN roikAw[ ies swry kwrj qoN pihlW gurU jI is`K &Oj ƒ pUrI qrHW iqAwr krnw cwhuMdy sn[ gurU swihb ny v`K-v`K ielwikAW ivc is`K Drm dy pRcwr qy pRswr ƒ jQybMd kIqw[ ies dOrwn lwhOr qoN BweI hirjs suiB`KI ny gurU swihb dI SwdI vwsqy zor pwauxw SurU kr id`qw[ aus dI cwh sI ik gurU swihb brwq lY ky lwhOr Awaux[ pr gurU swihb ny lwhOr, ih&wzq p`KoN, jwxw shI nw smiJAw[ pr, hox vwly shury dI ^wihS pUrI krn vwsqy, gurU swihb ny AwnMdpur swihb qoN XwrHW ku iklomItr dUr „gurU dw lwhOr‟ dI nINh r`KI[ BweI hrjs suiB`KI qy aunHW dw prvwr ieQy Aw igAw Aqy 21 jUn 1677 dy idn gurU goibd isMG swihb dw ivAwh ies jgHw ‟qy hoieAw[ (aus ivAwh dI Xwd sbMDI gurU dw lwhOr ivc gurduAwry bxy hoey hn)[
gurU gRMQ swihb dw srUp mkMml krnw
1678 ivc gurU goibMd swihb ny gurU gRMQ swihb dw nvW mukMml srUp iqAwr krvwauxw SurU kIqw[ ijs vkq gurU gRMQ dw srUp iqAwr krvwauxw SurU kIqw, aus vkq gurU gRMQ swihb dI “Awid bIV” DIrm`lIAW kol sI[ DIr m`l Awp qW 16 nvMbr 1677 dy idn AOrMgzyb dI kYd ivc mr cu`kw sI qy aus dy v`fy pu`qr rwm cMd ƒ 24 julweI 1678 dy idn AOrMgzyb ny cWdnI cOk id`lI ivc kql krvw id`qw sI[ rwm cMd mgroN aus dw Cotw Brw, Bwr m`l, DIr m`l dw vwirs bixAw[
Agsq 1678 ivc rwm cMd dI AMiqm rsm ‟qy gurU swihb ny BweI mnI isMG ƒ bkwlw ByijAw[ rsm pUrI hox mgroN BweI mnI isMG ny Bwr m`l ƒ AwiKAw ik gurU swihb nvW srUp iqAwr krnw cwhuMdy hn, ies kr ky auh kuJ idnW vwsqy “Awid bIV” dy dyvy[ Bwr m`l ny bIV c`k nwnkI Byjx vwsqy Ais`Dy qrIky nwl nWh kr id`qI Aqy AwiKAw ik mYN hux bkwlw C`f ky krqwrpur (jlMDr) rihx l`g pYxw hY[ gurU swihb iksy ƒ au~Qy Byj ky “Awid bIV” dw auqwrw krvw lYx[ ies mgroN gurU swihb BweI mnI rwm (BweI mnI isMG) ny gurU swihb dI hdwieq ‟qy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dI bwxI Swiml krvw ky dmdmI srUp iqAwr kIqw[ ikauNik ieh srUp dmdmw swihb (AnMdpur swihb) ivc mukMml kIqw igAw sI ies kr ky ies nUM „dmdmI bIV‟ nW id`qw igAw sI[
&Oj dI iqAwrI qy „rxjIq ngwrw‟
hux gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny is`KW ƒ &OjI p`KoN vI jQybMd krnw SurU kr id`qw[ AwauNdy idnW ivc pyS hox vwly msilAW ƒ swhvyN rKidAW gurU swihb ny c`k nwnkI ivc Kwlsw &Oj dI iqAwrI vI SurU kr id`qI[ bhuq swry nOjvwn gurU swihb dI syvw ivc hwizr ho gey[ aunHW ƒ hr qrHW dI &OjI isKlweI id`qI geI[ &rvrI ivc gurU swihb ny iek ngwrw vI iqAwr krvwauxw SurU kr id`qw[ mwrc 1680 dy SrU ivc ieh „rxjIq ngwrw‟ iqAwr ho igAw[ 5 mwrc 1680 qoN hr dIvwn dy mOky ‟qy ieh ngwrw vjwieAw jwx lg ipAw[ ies dy nwl hI gurU swihb ny is`KW ƒ hukmnwmy Byjy qy AwiKAw ik ijhVw vI is`K c`k nwnkI Awvy, auh Awpxy nwl cMgy GoVy, cMgy hiQAwrW Aqy cMgy gRMQW dI Bytw lY ky Awvy[ Awaux vwly swlW ivc c`k nwnkI ivc vDIAw qoN vDIAw gRMQ, vDIAw nsl dy GoVy qy hr qrHW dy hiQAwr phuMc cu`ky sn[
iqRpurw dy rwjy dw c`k nwnkI Awauxw
jdoN 1668 dy SurU ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb rwjw rwm isMh dy nwl Aswm gey sn qW au~Qy iqRpurw qy jYNqIAw dw rwjw rwm isMh vI gurU swihb ƒ imilAw[ aus dI dUjI SwdI ƒ vI kw&I swl ho gey sn pr aus dy Gr koeI b`cw nhIN sI hoieAw[ aus ny gurU swihb qoN ASIrvwd mMgI[ gurU swihb ny aus ƒ ikhw ik iksy dI ASIrvwd nwl murwdW pUrIAW nhIN huMdIAW[ ieh sB kuJ vwihgurU dy Bwxy ivc hY, ies kr ky aus A`gy Ardwis kr, Aqy jy aunHW dI imhr hoeI qW qyrI murwd zrUr pUrI hovygI[ swl dy Aw^Ir ‟c rwjw rwm isMh dy Gr bytw pYdw hoieAw[ aus ny aus b`cy dw nW rqn rwey r`iKAw[ 1680 ivc rwjw rwm isMh dI mOq ho geI[ hux iqRpurw dI g`dI ‟qy rqn rwey bYTw (aus dw nW rqn mnkIXw iliKAw vI imldw hY)[ rwjw rqn rwey dI mW ny aus ƒ is`K Drm dI is`iKAw id`qI[ auh rqn rwey nUM gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dIAW g`lW suxwauNdI rihMdI sI[ iek idn rqn rwey ny AwpxI mW ƒ ikhw ik mYN gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy drSn krnw cwhuMdw hW[ aus dI mW ny aus ƒ d`isAw ik auh gurU swihb qW 1675 ivc ShId kr id`qy gey sn[ jdoN rqn rwey ƒ gurU swihb dI ShIdI dw pqw l`gw qW auh Put-Put ky ro ipAw[ aus dI mW ny aus ƒ hOslw id`qw qy d`isAw ik BwvyN nONvyN gurU ijmmwnI qOr ‟qy hwizr nhIN hn pr aunHW dI rUh aunHW dy byty dsvyN gurU ivc pRkwS krdI hY[ ies ‟qy rwjw rqn rwey ny AwpxI mW ƒ AwiKAw ik mYnUM dsvyN gurU swihb dy drSn krvw idE[
rwjw rqn rwey ny c`k nwnkI Awaux vwsqy iqAwrI krnI SurU kr id`qI[ aus bwrHW swl dy bwlk ny kuJ qoh&y iljwx bwry soicAw[ ienHW qohi&AW ivc iek hwQI vI sI[ ieh hwQI koly vrgw kwly rMg dw sI qy ies dI suMf qoN pUC qk iek s&Yd DwrI sI[ rqn rwey ny iek pMc klw hiQAwr vI iqAwr krvwieAw[ ies dIAW klW mroVn nwl ieh psqOl, gurj, brCI, qlvwr qy nyzw bx jWdw sI[ rqn rwey ny iek cMnx dI cwr puqlIAW vwlI cOkI, sony dw icqrdwr ktorw, ijgh, klZI, moqIAW dI ^UbsUrq mwlw vI iqAwr krvweI[ ieh swrIAW cIzw iek`TIAW krn dy nwl-nwl rqn rwey ny prswdI hwQI ƒ keI qrHW vI isKlweI vI id`qI[
rwjw rqn rwey AwpxI mW qy kuJ drbwrIAW ƒ lY ky 12 AkqUbr 1680 dy idn c`k nwnkI pu`jw[ auh gurU goibMd isMG swihb dy drSn kr ky bhuq ^uS hoieAw[ aus vyly rqn rwey isr& 12 swl dw sI[ rqn rwey ny Awpxy qoh&y gurU swihb ƒ Byt kIqy[ jdoN aus ny hwQI ƒ nyVy ilAWdw qW hwQI ny AwpxI suMf nwl lotw (j`g) cu`k ky gurU swihb dy pYr Doqy[ iPr qOlIey nwl gurU swihb dy pYr pUMJy qy aunHW dy mOjy is`Dy kr ky r`Ky[ ies mgroN hwQI ny AwpxI suMf nwl gurU swihb dy isr ‟qy cOr qy p`Kw Julwey[ jdoN gurU swihb ny iek qIr clwieAw qW hwQI aus qIr ƒ cu`k ilAwieAw[ SwmW vyly hwQI ny AwpxI suMf nwl bldI imSwl cu`k ky gurU swihb ƒ rwh idKwieAw Aqy hor AnykW krqb idKwey[ rqn rwey ny pMc klw Ssqr vI gurU swihb ƒ clw ky idKwieAw[
gurU swihb rqn rwey dy ipAwr‟qy bVy ivgsy[ aunHW aus ƒ pu`iCAw ik mYN qyry vwsqy kI kr skdw hW? rwjw rqn rwey ny gurU swihb qoN is`KI dI dwq mMgI[ rqn rwey c`k nwnkI ivc eynw ^uS sI ik aus dw vwips iqRpurw jwx ƒ idl nhIN krdw sI[ A^Ir pMj mhIny bIq jwx mgroN gurU swihb ny aus ƒ AwiKAw ik auh vwips iqRpurw jw ky AwpxI irAwsq dI vwg-for sMBwly[ jwx qoN pihlW gurU swihb ny aus ƒ keI kImqI qoh&y id`qy[ aus dI Arz ‟qy gurU swihb ny iek sO dy krIb is`K &OjI vI aus dy nwl Byjy[ (ienHW is`KW dIAW nslW A`j vI au~Qy hI rih rhIAW hn)[
c`k nwnkI ‟c kvI qy ivdvwn
gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny ij`Qy cMgI &Oj bxw leI sI Aqy cMgy GoVy qy cMgy hiQAwr iek`Ty kr ley sn Aqy „rxjIq ngwrw‟ vjwauxw SurU kr id`qw sI, au~Qy c`k nwnkI ƒ ivdvwnW, SwierW Aqy &nkwrW dw sYNtr vI bxw ilAw sI[ gurU swihb dy drbwr ivc AMimRq rwey Aqy BweI nMd lwl vrgy kmwl dy Swier vI Aw cu`ky sn[ BweI nMd lwl c`k nwnkI ivc mwrc 1682 ivc AwieAw sI[ ies mgroN hor vI drjnW Swier qy klwkwr gurU swihb dy drbwr ‟c Swiml hoey sn[ Agly iqMn swl c`k nwnkI ivc &OjI mSkW Aqy kvI drbwrW dI rOxk bxI rhI[ kvI drbwrW ivc bhuq swry kvI (iek irvwieq muqwibk 52 kvI) qy bhuq swry hor &nkwr hwizr hoieAw krdy sn[ ies dOrwn 3 mwrc 1683 dy idn gurU swihb ny c`k nwnkI ivc holw mh`lw mnwieAw[ ies mOky ‟qy GoV-dOV, kuSqIAW, gqkw Aqy msnUhI lVweIAW dy mukwbly krvwey gey[ ies rsm ƒ ihMdU iqauhwr holI dy idnW ivc SurU krn dw mksd iek pwsy qW lokW ƒ holI ivc rMg pwaux dI byhUdw qy bymwAnw rsm qoN htwauxw sI qy dUjy pwsy is`KW ƒ ijsmwnI qy &OjI p`KoN qkVy krnw vI sI[
pwauNtw swihb dI nINh r`Kxw
ienHW idnW ivc „c`k nwnkI‟ iek Aihm ngr bx cukw sI[ ies ƒ vyK ky kuJ phwVI rwjy eIrKw krn l`g pey sn[ iblwspur dw rwjw BIm cMd vI gurU swihb nwl iv`tr igAw sI[ auh ies kr ky nwrwz ho igAw sI ikauNik gurU swihb ny aus dy mMgx ‟qy prswdI hwQI nhIN sI id`qw[ aus ny „c`k nwnkI‟ v`l vI kYrI ingwh nwl vyKxw SurU kr id`qw[ ies hwlq ivc, ie`q&wkn, 1685 dy SurU ivc, nwhn dy rwjy mydnI pRkwS ny gurU swihb ƒ AwpxI irAwsq ivc drSn dyx dI Arz kIqI[ 14 ApRYl 1685 dy idn gurU swihb nwhn pu`jy[ nwhn dy rwjy ny gurU swihb ƒ qih-idloN „jI AwieAw‟ AwiKAw[ gurU swihb kuJ idn nwhn dy rwjy dy mhl ivc Tihry Aqy ielwky dIAW sMgqW ƒ inhwl kIqw[ ies dOrwn rwjy ny gurU swihb ƒ Arz kIqI ik auh aus dI irAwsq ivc invws r`Kx[ gurU swihb ny aus dy jzbwq vyKdy hoey irAwsq dw dOrw kIqw Aqy dirAw jmnw dy kMFy mOjUdw pwauNtw vwlI jgHw ‟qy iek nvW ngr vswaux dw &Yslw kIqw[ pwauNtw dI nINh gurU swihb ny 29 AprYl 1685 dy idn, dIvwn nMd cMd sMGw koloN Ardws krvw ky, BweI rwm kuMvr (KMfy dI pwhul mgroN BweI gurbKS isMG) dy h`QoN moVHI gfvw ky rKvweI[ gurU swihb Agly iqMn swl pMj mhIny pwauNtw swihb ivc Tihry[
ie`Qy 11 meI 1685 dy idn rwm rwie (ijs nUM gurU hir rwie swihb jI ny gurg`dI qoN byd^l kr idqw sI) gurU swihb nUM imlx AwieAw[ aus ny gurU jI qoN AwpxI Bu`l b^SvweI Aqy muV is`KI prvwr ivc Swiml ho igAw (1687 ivc rwm rwey dI mOq ho geI)[
BMgwxI dI lVweI
ie`Qy rihMidAW, 18 isqMbr 1688 dy idn, gVHvwl dy rwjy &qy Swh ny rwmrwey dy msMd gurb^S dy BVkwaux ‟qy gurU jI ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ ies mOky ‟qy ipMf BMgwxI ivc bVI zbrdsq jMg hoeI[ ies lVweI ivc gurU swihb ny &qih Swh dIAW POjW ƒ burI qrHW iSksq id`qI[ ies lVweI ivc kuJ is`K vI ShId hoey[
ies bwry B`t vhIAW ivc ies dw izkr ieM\ imldw hY :
“aUdIAw bytw Kymy cMdnIey kw, rmwnW, gurU kI bUAw ky byty sMgo Swh, jIq m`l byty swDU ky poqy Drmy Kosly KqrI ky gYl rn BUmI myN Awey[ swl sqrW sY pYNqwlIs Asuj pRivSty ATwrW, BMgwxI ky mlHwn jmnw igrI ky miDAwn, rwj nwhn, eyk GrI idhuM Kly jUJMqy sUirEN gYl swmyNH mwQy jUJ kr mrw, gYloN hTI cMd bytw mweI dws kw….jlHwnw blauNq mwrw igAw[” (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI, Kwqw rmwinEN kw)
c`k nwnkI v`l vwpsI
BMgwxI dI lVweI ivc gurU sihb dI Swndwr ij`q mgroN iblwspur dy rwjy BIm cMd ƒ Aihsws ho igAw ik jy kr gurU swihb &qih Swh vrgy rwjy nUM hrw skdy hn qW aunHW dI &OjI qwkq dw &wiedw auTwauxw cwhIdw hY[ jy gurU jI myrI irAwsq dy nyVy rhy qW myrI vI ih&wzq rhygI[ ies iKAwl nwl auh hux muV gurU swihb dy nyVy Awauxw cwhuMdw sI[ ieh soc ky aus ny AwpxI mwqw ƒ Arz kIqI ik auh gurU swihb ƒ ^q ilK ky „c`k nwnkI‟ vwips bulw lvy[ ies ‟qy iblwspur dI rwxI cMpw ny keI ^q ilK ky gurU swihb ny Arz kIqI sI ik auh aus dI irAwsq ivc vwips Aw ky muV rOxkW kwiem krn[ pwauNtw swihb ivc hwzr isMGW nwl ivcwr kr ky gurU swihb ny c`k nwnkI jwx dw &Yslw kr ilAw[ nwhn dy rwjy ny bVI koiSS kIqI ik gurU jI nwhn irAwsq ‟coN nw jwx pr Awp ny aus ƒ idlwsw id`qw qy iqAwrI SurU kr id`qI[
Awp 28 AkqUbr 1688 dy idn pwauNtw swihb qoN c`ly Aqy kpwl mocn, lwhVpur, tokw, dwbrw, rwxI dw rwiepur, FkOlI, nwFw, mnImwjrw, kotlw inhMg, GnOlw, buMgw, AtwrI, kIrqpur huMdy hoey c`k nwnkI phuMc gey[
Awp dy Awaux nwl c`k nwnkI ivc Pyr rOxkW SurU ho geIAW[ rwxI cMpw ƒ jdoN gurU swihb dw nwhn irAwsq qoN c`k nwnkI Awaux dw pqw l`gw qW auh bhuq KuS hoeI[ auh keI swlW qoN gurU swihb dy drSnW ƒ qWG rhI sI[ aumr v`loN vI auh bhuq vfyrI ho cu`kI sI[ ijauN hI aus ƒ gurU swihb dy Awaux dw pqw l`gw, aus ny Awpxy vzIr Byj ky gurU swihb ƒ iblwspur Awaux dI Arz kIqI[ ^q imlidAW hI gurU swihb ny iblwspur jwx dw &Yslw kIqw[ jdoN rwxI ƒ gurU swihb dy Awaux dw pqw l`gw qW auh Awpxy pu`qr rwjw BIm cMd ƒ lY ky gurU swihb ƒ jI AwieAW AwKx vwsqy ngr dy drvwzy qk phuMcI[ pMj idn gurU jI iblwspur rhy qy Pyr c`k nwnkI prq Aweyy[
AnMdpur dI nINh rKxw
c`k nwnkI prqx mgroN gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny ies ipMf dy nwl hI iek nvyN ngr dw mu`F bMinHAw[ ies sbMDI “bicqR nwtk” dw lyKk (ieh lyKk gurU goibMMd isMG nhIN hn) ieM\ izkr krdw hY :
juD jIq Awey jbY, itkY nw iqn pur pWv] kwhlUr mYN bWiDXo Awn AnMdpur gWv]
ies bMd dw sw& mqlb inkldw hY ik AnMdpur swihb ƒ BMgwxI dI lVweI (18 isqMbr 1688) dy ^qm hox mgroN, nvMbr 1689 ivc c`k nwnkI pu`jx qoN kuJ smW bwAd vswieAw igAw sI[ c`k nwnkI hI AnMdpur nhIN hY[ kuJ ilKwrI ilK dyNdy hn ik c`k nwnkI dw nW gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ny hI „AnMdpur‟ r`iKAw sI, pr ieh TIk nhIN ikauNik mwl mihkmy, ptvwrIAW qy pMcwieqI irkwrf ivc AnMdpur swihb Aqy c`k nwnkI do v`K-v`K ipMf (A`j qk vI) cly Aw rhy hn[
B`t vhIAW muqwibk 29 mwrc 1689 dy idn iblwspur dI rwxI cMpw Awpxy pu`qr BIm cMd ƒ lY ky c`k nwnkI ivc AweI[ c`k nwnkI ivc keI idn BrpUr rOxkW rhIAW[ rwxI cMpw ny gurU swihb ƒ Arz kIqI ik auh muV ky aus qoN dUr nw jwx Aqy jy gurU swihb mihsUs krdy hn ik c`k nwnkI dI jgHw QoVI hY qW gurU swihb iek nvW ipMf vsw lYx[ rwxI cMpw ny nvyN ngr vwsqy zmIn Ardws krvwaux dI ^wihS vI zwihr kIqI qy ikhw ik gurU swihb cwhux qW AwpxI irAwsq dI ih&wzq vwsqy iklyH vI iqAwr krvw lYx[
aus vyly (1689 ivc) c`k nwnkI dI h`d crn gMgw ndI Aqy mOjUdw kysgVH swihb ivckwr sI[ ies dy nyVy hI gurU swihb ny nvW ipMf bnHxw SurU kIqw[ gurU swihb ny rwxI koloN shotw, mIAWpur, lOdIpur, mwKoAwl, AgMmpurw Aqy qwrwgVH dI zmIn ^rId leI[ pihloN qW rwxI ny AwiKAw ik auh zmIn Ardws krwauxw cwhuMdI hY qy ies dI kImq nhIN lvygI[ pr jdoN gurU swihb ny AwiKAw ik auh is`K-ngr vswaux vwsqy zmIn mu&q nhIN lYxgy qW rwxI ƒ kbUl krnw ipAw[
AnMdpur swihb dI moVHI g`fxw
30 mwrc 1689 dy idn gurU goibMd jI ny c`k nwnkI dy nyVy, kysgVH vwlI jgHw, nvyN ipMf dI moVHI g`fI[ BweI caupiq rwey (mgroN cOpw isMG) ny AnMd swihb dIAW pMj pauVIAW pVH ky Ardws kIqI[ nvyN ngr dw nW gurU swihb ny „AnMdpur‟ r`iKAw[ (A`j-k`lH c`k nwnkI, AnMdpur qy Awly-duAwly dy keI ipMfW, swry ƒ AnMdpur swihb AwiKAw jWdw hY)[
AnMdpur swihb dy iklyH
31 mwrc 1689 dy idn gurU swihb ny c`k nwnkI-AnMdpur swihb dy Awly-duAwly pMj iklyH bxwauxy SurU kIqy[ gurU swihb ny ienHW ikilHAW dy nW AnMdgVH (mOjUdw AnMdgVH iklHw vwlI jgHw), lohgVH (mOjUdw lohgVH gurduAwry vwlI jgHw), qwrwgVH (purwxy kot kihlUr dy nyVy ipMf qwrwpur ivc mOjUdw gurduAwrw qwrwgVH dI jgHw), AgMmgVH (ipMf AgMmgVH, mwqw jIq kOr jI dy gurduAwry dy nyVy gurduAwrw holgVH dI jgHw) Aqy &qihgVH (crn gMgw dy nyVy ipMf shotw dI hdUd ivc, gurduAwrw &qihgVH vwlI jgHw) r`Ky[ sB qoN pihlW iklHw AnMdgVH iqAwr hoieAw qy bwkI cwr mgroN iqAwr hoey [ ienHW iv`coN &qihgVH qy qwrwgVH iklyH phwVI rjvwiVAW dy hmilAW ƒ rokx vwsqy Aqy lohgVH (ijs dw gyt bVw mzbUq sI) qy AgMmgVH mOjUdw huiSAwrpur qy aUnw v`loN muZl &OjW ƒ rokx vwsqy bxwey gey sn[ iklHw AnMdgVH, jo sB qoN vD mih&Uz sI, dohW pwisAW dIAW &OjW ƒ rokx vwsqy sI[ phwV, dirAw sqluj Aqy ndI crn gMgw dI kudrqI Fwl hox dy bwvjUd, gurU swihb ny cOhW pwisAW qoN &OjI r`iKAw vwsqy pUry ieMqzwm kr ley sn[ ienHW pMj ikilHAW qoN ielwvw gurU swihb ny kysgVH swihb ƒ vI iek iklyH vWg bxw id`qw sI[ iklHw qwrwgVH, AgMmgVH qy lohgVH dw morcw tu`t jwx dI sUrq ivc vI iklHw kysgVH swihb, iklHw &qihgVH qy iklHw AnMdgVH, c`k nwnkI-AnMdpur swihb vwsqy pUrI ih&wzq dyNdy sn[ ieM\ gurU swihb ny c`k nwnkI-AnMdpur swihb ƒ duSmx dy hmilAW qoN pUrI qrHW mih&Uz kr ilAw sI[ duSmx BwvyN mhIinAW b`DI koiSS krdy rihMdy pr auh gurU dI ngrI ‟c dwiKl nhIN ho skdy sn[ isr& iek mslw sI ijs nwl muSikl KVHI ho skdI sI, aus sI mhIinAW b`DI Gyrw pey rihx nwl Anwj dw mslw[ ies msly qoN isvw gurU dI ngrI iek pUrI mukMml, mih&Uz, rwjDwnI sI[
ndOx dI lVweI
ies vyly (1690-91 ivc) iblwspur dw rwjw BIm cMd sI[ auh ^ud gurU goibMd isMG swihb dw pUrI qrHW v&wdwr sI pr aus dw pu`qr Ajmyr cMd Awpxy ausqwd, slwhkwr (qy mgroN vzIr) pMifq prmw nMd dy Asr hyTW bhuq izAwdw sI qy pMifq prmw nMd is`K Drm nwl Kwr KWdw sI[ aus dI is`K-n&rq hOlI-hOlI Ajmyr cMd dI rUh ‟c smWdI geI[ pr jdoN qk BIm cMd qy rwxI cMpw ijaUNdy rhy, audoN qk iblwspur irAwsq gurU swihb dI pUrI qrHW v&wdwr rhI[ gurU swihb ny vI sdw iblwspur irAwsq Aqy hor phwVI rwijAW ƒ pUrI-pUrI srpRsqI id`qI[
mwrc 1691 ivc lwhOr dy gvrnr v`loN Al& ^wn dI AgvweI ‟c ByjI &Oj ny phwVI rwijAW ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ lwhOr dIAW &OjW kWgVy vwly pwsy v`l vD rhIAW sn[ ies mOky ‟qy phwVI rwijAW ny rwjw BIm cMd rwhIN gurU swihb ƒ ^q yijAw qy muZlW dy hmly dy i^lw& mdd mMgI gurU swihb ny dIvwn nMd cMd, Drm cMd (isMG) iCbr, BweI mnI rwm (isMG), BweI Awlm cMd (isMG) „n`cxw‟ Aqy hor jrnYlW dI AgvweI ivc &Oj ƒ ndOx v`l kUc krn dw hukm id`qw[ AnMdgVH qoN cl ky is`K &OjW dw j`Qw ndOx jw pu`jw[ 19 mwrc 1691 dy idn bVI zbrdsq lVweI hoeI[ Al& ^wn dI &Oj dy sB qoN qwkqvr j`Qy dy i^lw&, is`K jrnYl f`t ky lVy[ dohW pwisAW qoN bhwdrW ny ^Ub jOhr idKwey[ Drm cMd, mnI rwm, mUl cMd kMboj, sohn cMd prmwr vrgy is`K jrnYlW dy qIrW dI vwCV ny Al& ^wn dI &Oj dy hOsly Fwh id`qy[ sUrj Cup jwx mgroN Al& ^wn dI &Oj ip`Cy v`l B`jxI SurU ho geI[ phwVI &OjW ny Al& ^wn dI B`jI jWdI &Oj dw dUr qk ip`Cw kIqw[ ndOx dI lVweI ivc BweI sohn cMd (Brw mnI isMG), BweI mUl cMd (pu`qr BweI rGupiq rwie in`Jr) Aqy hor is`K ShId hoey[
ies sbMDI B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI ivc iek ieMdrwj ieM\ imldw hY :
“sohn cMd bytw mweIdws kw poqw b`lU kw pVpoqw mUly kw, puAwr, swl sqrW sY sYNqwlIs, cyq pRivSty bweIs, gurUvwr ky idhuM, gurU kw bcn pwie ndaun ky mlhwn, swmy mwQy jUJ kr mrw [ gYl mUlcMd bytw rGupiq rwie kw, in`Jr goqr kMboj, bwsI Kymkrn, prgnw ksUr, jUJ kr mrw [“ (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI, Kwqw puAwr blauNqo kw)
gurU swihb s`q idn ndOx dy rwj mihl ivc rhy qy ATvyN idn AnMdpur swihb v`l c`l pey[ rsqy ivc AlsUn dy rMGVW, ijnHW ny jWdI vwrI is`K &OjW ƒ qMg kIqw qy mSkrIAW kIqIAW sn, AnMdpur muVn qoN pihlW is`K &OjIAW ny aunHW guMifAW nUM szw id`qI[
rwxI cMpw dI mOq
lMmI aumr Bog ky, iblwspur dI mhwrwxI cMpw, 12 meI 1691 dy idn cVHweI kr geI[ rwxI cMpw dw gurU swihb nwl bVw ipAwr sI[ rwxI dI sqwrHvIN 27 meI dy idn sI[ gurU goibMd isMG swihb AwpxI dwdI mwqw nwnkI, pirvwr Aqy muKI is`KW ƒ nwl lY ky iblwspur gey[ gurU swihb iqMn idn au~Qy rhy Aw^rI rsmW mgroN AnMdpur muV Awey[ ies vyly qk AnMdpur swihb ‟c kw&I mkwn bx cuky sn qy iklyH vI pUrI qrHW iqAwr ho cuky sn[ hux gurU swihb vDyrw smW c`k nwnkI dI QW ‟qy ie`Qy l`g pey qy ie`Qy hI sMgqW ƒ drSn dyx lg pey[
phwVI rwijAW dw iek`T
mwrc 1692 ivc rwjw BIm cMd ny phwV dIAW bweI DwrW dy rwijAW dw iek`T bulwieAw[ ndOx dI lVweI mgroN muZl srkwr dy hox vwly hmilAW dy fr hyT rih rhy phwVI rwijAW ny gurU swihb dI srpRsqI hwisl krn dI ^wihS zwihr kIqI[ mwrc 1692 dy Aw^rI h&qy gurU swihb iblwspur qy mMfI v`l gey[ 29 mwrc dy idn rvwlsr ‟c swry phwVI rwjy iek`Ty hoey[ aunHW dI sdwrq gurU swihb ny kIqI[ gurU swihb ny aunHW ƒ XkIn idvwieAw ik “jy qusIN muZlW dI ZulwmI ivc nw rihxw cwho qW mYN quhwfI inghbwnI qy srpRsqI krn vwsqy iqAwr hW[” swry rwijAW ny gurU swihb dy hukm ƒ mMnx dw vwAdw kIqw[ gurU swihb kuJ idn rvwlsr rhy qy Pyr ndOx, kWgVw huMdy hoey purmMfl (dyvk dirAw dy kMFy), jMmU, c`k-kwnHw, rwmgVH iKrVI, sWbw, pTwnkot, huiSAwrpur ‟c sMgqW ƒ drSn dyNdy hoey vwips AnMdpur Aw gey[ gurU swihb dy Awaux dw pqw l`gx ‟qy sMgqW dy kw&ly Pyr AnMdpur swihb v`l Awauxy SurU ho gey[
16 isqMbr 1692 dy idn iblwspur dw rwjw BIm cMd vI cVHweI kr igAw[ aus dI AMiqm rsm 3 AkqUbr 1692 dy idn sI[ BIm cMd dI sqwrHvIN dy sbMD ivc gurU swihb AwpxI dwdI mwqw nwnkI, Awpxy pirvwr, BweI caupiq rwie qy kuJ muKI is`KW ƒ lY ky AnMdpur qoN iblwspur gey[
BIm cMd dI mOq mgroN Ajmyr cMd hux pUrI qrHW pMifq prmwnMd dy Asr hyTW Aw igAw[ ies nwl hI iblwspur irAwsq Aqy is`KW dy sbMDW ivc qryV AwauxI SurU ho geI[
ApRYl 1693 ivc gurU swihb AnMdpur qoN qlvMfI swbo qy l`KI jMgl dy ielwky dy dOry ‟qy gey[ rwey f`lw ny gurU swihb ƒ in`Gw „jI AwieAW‟ AwiKAw[ kuJ idn qlvMfI swbo rih ky gurU swihb Dmqwn gey[ Dmqwn ‟c kuJ idn Tihrn mgroN, gurU swihb bWgr dyS Aqy hor ielwikAW dy dOry ‟qy inkl gey[ ieM\ Cy mhIny dOry ‟qy rihx mgroN Awp Pyr AnMdpur Aw gey[ iqMn mhIny AnMdpur ‟c ibqw ky gurU swihb Kurv`DI (hux fyhrwdUn) qy hirduAwr dy dOry ‟qy inkl gey[
hrduAwr nyVy irSIkyS ivc iek idn jd Awp ny dIvwn sjwieAw hoieAw sI qW iek nOjvwn bYrwgI swDU mwDo dws vI Awp nUM suxn AwieAw[(iehI mwDo dws mgroN bMdw isMG bixAw sI)[ gurU jI ny mwDo dws nUM bYrwg qy Xog C`f ky krm-Kyqr ivc muV Awaux dI isiKAw id`qI[ mwDo dws dw myl gurU jI nwl bs eynw hI sI[ jy auh kuJ icr hor gurU swihb dI sMgq kr lYNdw qW auh XkInn audoN hI is`KI ivc Swiml ho igAw huMdw[ s. krm isMG ihstorIAn „AMimRqsr dI qvwrI^‟ ivc gurU swihb dy 1693-94 ivc gurU dw c`k (AMimRqsr) jwx dw izkr vI krdw hY[
fyF mhInw ies ielwky ivc pRcwr krn mgroN Awp Pyr AnMdpur Aw gey[ ivswKI (29 mwrc 1694) dy idn hr pwsy qoN sMgqW dy v`fy j`Qy AnMdpur Aw pu`jy[ 3 meI 1694 dy idn BweI inhMg ^wn dy pu`qr Awlm ^wn dI rwey k`lHw dI bytI nwl kuVmweI ivc Swiml hox vwsqy gurU swihb kotlw inhMg ropV pu`jy[ 11 julweI 1694 dy idn gurU swihb dy nwnw BweI lwl cMd suiB`KI clwxw kr gey[ ies mOky ‟qy gurU swihb ƒ lKnOr jwxw ipAw[ 10 &rvrI 1695 dy idn dIvwn drgh m`l (jo sqvyN qoN dsvyN gurU swihb qk dy smyN dOrwn dIvwn rhy sn) AnMdpur ‟c cVHweI kr gey[ gurU swihb ny 1676 ivc aunHW dI ^wihS ƒ m`dy-nzr rKidAW aunHW dy byty BweI Drm cMd ƒ dIvwn bxw id`qw hoieAw sI[ aunHW dw sskwr AgMmpurw ivc kIqw igAw[
is`KW ƒ kysDwrI hox dw hukmnwmw
29 mwrc 1695 (pihlI ivswK, sMmq 1752 ibkRmI) dy idn AnMdpur swihb ‟c sMgqW dw iek BwrI iek`T hoieAw[ AnMdpur swihb ‟c Aijhw v`fw iek`T pihlW kdy nhIN hI hoieAw sI[ ies iek`T ivc gurU swihb ny hukmnwmw jwrI kIqw ik A`gy qoN keI vI is`K Awpxy kys nhIN ktweygw, mrny-prny (mOq jW ivAwh vgYrw) ‟qy B`dx nhIN krygw (kys nhIN k`tygw)[ aunHW ikhw ik A`gy qoN hr iek is`K Awpxy b`icAW dy kys jmWdrU r`Kygw Aqy s`jy h`Q ivc kVw pihxygw[ (gurU nwnk swihb dy vyly qoN is`KI nwl juVy lok pihlW vI kys nhIN ktvwauNdy sI[ gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny ieh hukm is`KI ivc Swiml hox vwly nvyN lokW vwsqy kIqw sI)[
AnMdpur swihb ‟qy pihlw hmlw
Agsq 1695 ivc lwhOr dy nwieb sUbydwr (ifptI gvrnr) idlwvr ^wn ny phwVI rwijAW ƒ sbk isKwaux vwsqy, phwVW vl kUc krn vwsqy, Awpxy pu`qr rusqm ^wn ƒ &Oj dy ky qoirAw[ idlwvr ^wn ƒ pqw sI ik phwVI rwjy gurU goibMd isMG swihb dI mdd nwl hI ij`q skdy hn[ ies kr ky aus ny Awpxy pu`qr ƒ pihlW AnMdpur swihb ‟qy hmlw krn vwsqy hdwieq kIqI[ 19 Agsq 1695 dy idn rusqm ^wn dI &Oj AnMdpur swihb dy nwly (coA) dy kMFy Aw l`gI[ brswqW kr ky aunHIN idnIN nwly ‟c hVH AwieAw hoieAw sI[ auDr BweI Awlm isMG „n`cxw‟ ny gurU swihb ƒ muZl &Oj dy Awaux dI ^br dy id`qI[ rxjIq ngwry ‟qy cot lgidAW hI bhuq swrIAW is`K &OjW iekdm nwly dy dUjy bMny ‟qy Aw ftIAW[ nwly ivc hVH Awey hox kwrn rusqm ^wn dI &Oj dy iksy vI jvwn dw hIAw nw ipAw ik auh nwlw pwr ky AnMdpur swihb ‟c dwi^l ho sky[ dUjw, iklHw AnMdgVH ‟c ngwry dI DONs Aqy jYkwirAW dI gUMj nUM sux ky vI muZlW ‟c fr Aqy dihSq PYl geI[ rusqm ^wn dI &Oj hmlw krn qoN ibnW hI vwips muV geI[ muZl &OjW dy jwx mgroN lokW ny ies nwly dw nW „is`KW dw ihmYqI nwlw‟ kihxw SurU kr idqw[
(hux ies nwly dw vjUd nhIN irhw Aqy ies jgHw ‟qy KyqI huMdI hY)[
iblwspur Aqy AnMdpur swihb v`K-v`K hoey
jdoN rusqm ^wn AnMdpur swihb qoN ^wlI muiVAw qW lwhOr dy ifptI gvrnr idlwvr ^wn ny kWgVy dy iklyHdwr husYn ^wn ƒ &Oj dy ky phwVW v`l ByijAw[ husYn ^wn ny AnMdpur swihb v`l mUMh krn dI bjwie is`DI phwVI rwijAW ‟qy cVHweI kr id`qI[ fFvwlIey qy iblwspurIey rwijAW ny pihloN qW husYnI dw twkrw kIqw pr A^Ir hiQAwr su`t id`qy[ husYn ^wn ny aunHW ƒ ies Srq ‟qy muAw& kr id`qw ik ayuh AwpxIAW &OjW sxy aus dI muihMm ‟c Swiml ho ky bwkI phwVI rwijAW ‟qy hmlw krngy[ ies muihMm dOrwn muZl &OjW ny gulyr (hrIpur) irAwsq ‟qy vI hmlw kIqw[ gulyr dy rwjy gopwl ny smJOqw krn dI koiSS kIqI pr husYnI ny pUry dw pUrw mwmlw iek-dm lYx dI Srq r`K id`qI, ijhVI pUrI krnoN rwjw gopwl ny mjbUrI zwihr kIqI[ A^Ir rwjw gopwl ny gurU swihb dI mdd mMgI[ gurU swihb ny BweI bicqr dws, BweI sMgq rwie, BweI hnUmMq rwie, BweI lihnU, BweI d`go vZYrw dI AgvweI ‟c is`K &OjW ƒ rwjw gopwl dI mdd vwsqy ByijAw[ 18 &rvrI 1696 dy idn hoeI ies lVweI ivc is`K jrnYlW dy qIrW dI vwCV ny muZlW, Aqy aunHW qoN hwr ky ZulwmI kbUl krn vwly phwVI rjvwiVAW dIAW &OjW dy C`ky Cufw id`qy[ kWgVy dw iklyHdwr husYn ^wn qy aus dI keI phwVI swQI mwry gey[ is`KW iv`coN vI BweI lihnU, BweI sMgq, BweI hnUmMq, BweI drso qy iqMn hor is`K ShId ho gey[
ies sbMDI „B`t vhI BwdsoN‟ ivc iek izkr ieM\ AwieAw hY :
“lihnU bytw mweIdws kw, poqw blU kw, jlHwnW sqrW sY bwvn Pwgn idhuM qyeIs, vIrvwr ky idvs, gulyr ky mlHwn swmyH mwQy jUJ kr mrw[ gYloN sMgq rwie, hnUmMq byty jgqy ky, poqy pdmw ky, pVpoqy kaul ky, cMdrbMsI bqs goqry cwihmwn, hjwbq AWibAwnyN mwry gey[” (B`t vhI BwdsoN prgnw Qwnysr, Kwqw jlHwny puAwroN kw)
ies lVweI ivc Ajmyr cMd iblwspurIAw muZlW dw Zulwm bx ky liVAw sI[ ies kr ky hux auh aunHW dw h`Q-Tokw bxw igAw qy aunHW dy kYNp ivc Swiml ho ky bwkI phwVI rwijAW dy nwl-nwl is`KW dw vI duSmx bx igAw[ ies mgroN iblwspur qy AnMdpur ivc sbMD iblkul ^qm ho gey qy Ajmyr cMd ny is`KW dy i^lw& swizSW GVnIAW SurU kr id`qIAW[
gulyr ‟c muZl &OjW dI hwr mgroN lwhOr dy gvrnr ny phwVI rwijAW ƒ sr krn vwsqy ApRYl 1696 ivc juJwr isMh hwfy ƒ iqMn hzwr &Oj dy ky ByijAw[ juJwr isMh hwfw iek hTI qy qgVw jrnYl sI[ aus ny Blwn ipMf ivc hoeI lVweI ivc bhuq zbrdsq mukwblw kIqw pr A^Ir mwirAw igAw[ lwhOr dw ifptI gvrnr ies ‟qy hor vI A`g bgUlw hoieAw[ ies dI ^br AOrMgzyb ƒ pu`jI[ aus ny Awpxy pu`qr qy lwhOr dy sUbydwr, Sihzwdw muA`zm (jo mgroN bwdSwh bhwdr Swh bixAw) nUM AnMdpur dI ^br lYx vwsqy ByijAw[ Sihzwdw muA`zm &Oj lY ky Awgry qoN lwhOr v`l c`l ipAw[ is`K sUhIAW ny gurU swihb ƒ SwhI &Oj dy Awaux dI ^br id`qI[ muA`zm BweI nMd lwl dw Swigrd sI[ muA`zm 13 julweI 1696 dy idn AnMdpur pu`jw[ BweI nMd lwl aus nUM imilAw qy aus dI mulwkwq gurU swihb nwl krvweI[ muA`zm gurU jI qoN bVw muqwisr (pRBwivq) hoieAw[ aus ny vwips jw ky AOrgMzyb ƒ ^br kIqI ik pMjwb dyS ivc koeI mslw nhIN qy AnMdpur ‟qy hmlw krnw muZl srkwr dy mu&wd ivc nhIN[
AOrMgzyb ny hor qs`lI krn vwsqy sqMbr 1696 dy A^Ir ivc imrzw byZ ƒ ByijAw[ imrzw byZ AnMdpur swihb AwieAw qy aus ny gurU jI nwl mulwkwq kIqI[ imrzw byZ ƒ AnMdpur swihb nwl t`kr lYx dw koeI quk nzr nw AwieAw[ aus ny ies dI irport AOrMgzyb ƒ Byj id`qI[ ies dy bwvjUd id`lI drbwr ny cwr hor AihdIey (srkwrI A&sr) phwVW v`l Byjy[ aunHW vI imrzw byZ dI irport dI qweId kIqI[ ies nwl iek vwr qW AnMdpur iksy v`fy hmly qoN bc igAw[
swry is`KW nUM „Kwlsw‟ AYlwn krnw
is`K pMQ dw jQybMdk FWcw, jo gurU nwnk swihb vyly „Drmswlw‟ qy „sMgq‟ vjoN SurU hoieAw sI Aqy gurU Amr dws swihb vyly „mMjIAW‟ qy „pIiVHAW‟ dy rUp ivc ‟c PYilAw sI, auh gurU rwmdws swihb vyly „msMd‟ jmwq vjoN kwiem ho igAw sI[
gurU rwm dws swihb vyly jd is`KW dI igxqI bhuq vD geI qW aunHW ny is`KW nwl lgwqwr rwbqw kwiem r`Kx vwsqy „msMd‟ jmwq kwiem kr id`qI[ msMd,
Awpxy ielwky dw, iek iksm dw is`K pMQ dw ieMcwrj huMdw sI[ ienHW msMdW dw kMm gurU dy drbwr ivc sMgqW dy sunyhy phuMcwauxw Aqy gurU jI dy pYZwm sMgqW vwsqy lY jwxw huMdw sI[ ieh sMgq dw dsvMD vI gurU jI qk phuMcwieAw krdy sI Aqy jy iksy is`K nUM mdd dI loV huMdI qW aus vwsqy rkm jW qoh&y gurU swihb msMdW rwhIN hI phuMcwieAw krdy sn[
msMd jmwq dy kwiem hox nwl is`K pMQ, is`K Drm qy is`K kOm iek Swndwr jQybMdk FWcy ivc proeI geI[ is`KI dw Dwrimk pRcwr Aqy mwlI inzwm iek-swr kMm krn l`g ipAw[ sMgqW dw dsvMD suc`jy qrIky nwl gurU drbwr ivc pu`jx l`g ipAw Aqy ies ^zwny ‟coN lok BlweI dy kMm, qy loVvMdW dI pUrI iemdwd, hox l`g peI[ cOQy pwqSwh qoN nOvyN pwqSwh qk ies msMd jmwq ny mwArky dw rol Adw kIqw[
cOQy qoN nOvyN gurU qk vI kuJ ielwikAW ivc keI msMd nhIN Qwpy gey sn; ies kr ky auQoN dI sMgq gurU dw Kwlsw sI[gurU hirgoibMd swihb dw iek hukmnwmw A`j vI mOjUd hY ijs ivc ivc pUrb (Aswm, bMgwl) nUM gurU jI ny „Kwlsw‟ l&z nwl mu^wiqb kIqw hY[ BweI jpu, BweI gurdws, BweI murwr, BweI jyqw, BweI idAwlw dy nW pYZwm ivc gurU jI “pUrb dI sMgq gurU dw Kwlsw hY” ilKdy hn (SRomxI kmytI v`loN CpI, „nIswxu qy hukmnwmy‟, sMpwdk SmSyr isMG ASok, s&w 15)[
ieM\ hI gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy kuJ huknwimAw ivc vI ptnw dI sMgq nUM „Kwlsw‟ ikhw igAw hY: “ptnw dI sMgq sRI gurU jI kw Kwlsw hY”[ (SRomxI kmytI v`loN CpI, „nIswxu qy hukmnwmy‟, sMpwdk SmSyr isMG ASok, s&w 27)[
gurU goibMd isMG swihb dy iek hukmnwmy, jo sMmq 1755, Xwin sMn 1698, ivc mwCIvwVw dy BweI kilAwx rwey nUM iliKAw igAw sI, aus ivc gurU jI mwCIvwVw dI sMgq nUM „myrw Kwlsw hY‟ kih ky mu^wiqb huMdy hn (“BweI kilAwx rwey srbq sMgq mwCIvwVw kI gurU rKygw[ sMgq myrw Kwlsw hY”)[ hwlW ik mwCIvwVw ngr ivc BweI pMjwbw nW dw msMd mOjUd sI (ies hukmnwmy qoN 7 swl mgroN, 1705 dI dsMbr ivc, gurU goibMd isMG swihb, cmkOr dI gVHI qoN inkl ky sB qoN pihlW iesy BweI pMjwby kol phuMcy sn qy aus dy bwZ ivc Tihry sn; aus QW „qy hux „gurduAwrw crn kMvl‟ bixAw hoieAw hY)[ (SRomxI kmytI v`loN CpI, „nIswxu qy hukmnwmy‟, sMpwdk SmSyr isMG ASok, s&w 64)[
dsvyN pwiqSwh dy do hor hukmnwimAW ivc vI kuJ is`KW nUM “qU myrw Kwlsw hY” iliKAw imldw hY (SRomxI kmytI v`loN CpI, „nIswxu qy hukmnwmy‟, sMpwdk SmSyr isMG ASok, s&y 73 qy 76)[ ieh dovyN hukmnwmy sMmq 1758, sMn 1701, dy hn; Xwin KMfy dI pwhul dI rsm SurU krn qoN 2 swl mgroN dy; Aqy, ienHW ivc BweI imhr cMd (s&w 73) Aqy imhr cMd, Drm cMd qy krm cMd (s&w 76) nUM „Kwlsw‟ iliKAw hY[ ienHW dy nWvW nwl ipCyqr „isMG‟ nhIN bl ik „cMd‟ hY ijhVw swibq krdw hY ik „Kwlsw‟ l&z dw mwAnw pwhulIAw nhIN blik auh hY jo is`Dw gurU nwl sbMDq hY[ mgroN gurU jI ny ieh AYlwn kr id`qw sI ik is`K “myrw Kwlsw” nhIN blik “Akwl purK dw Kwlsw” hoxgy[ ies dI qweId mwqw suMdr kOr dy iek ^q qoN huMdI hY ijs ivc aunHW ny is`KW nUM “Akwl purK dw Kwlsw” iliKAw hY)[ auN\ ijnHW nUM ieh ^q iliKAw igAw hY auh (Twkr dws, soBw m`l, sMBU nwQ, swihb rwey) vI „isMG‟ nW vwly, Xwin „pwhul vwly‟ nhIN sn[ ieh ^q 1729 dw iliKAw hoieAw hY[ ies dw mqlb ieh hY ik pwhul dI rsm SurU hox qoN 30 swl mgroN vI auh Ajy pwhulIey nhIN sn, pr auh „Kwlsw‟ zrUr sn[ (SRomxI kmytI v`loN CpI, „nIswxu qy hukmnwmy‟, sMpwdk SmSyr isMG ASok, s&w 106)[
qkrIbn 100 swl qk msMd jmwq shI qrIky nwl cldI geI[ ies vyly qk ies jmwq dw rol kw&I h`d qk shI sI pr ijauN-ijauN Asl msMdW dI jgHw (mrn ip`CoN) aunHW dI AOlwd AwauNdI geI, ies jmwq ivc ^rwbIAW AwauxIAW SurU ho geIAW[ vkq bIqx dy nwl ienHW ivcoN kuJ msMd byeImwn ho gey sn[ keI qW Awpxy Awp nUM gurU vrgw hI smJx lg pey Aqy nIm-gurU vWg ivcrn lg pey[ keI qW ivBcwrI qy T`g vI bx gey Aqy sMgq dw dsvMD hV`p krn lg pey[
8 &rvrI qoN 14 &rvrI 1698 qk is`KW dy keI j`Qy AnMdpur swihb AwauNdy rhy[ ies mOky ‟qy Dwrimk pRogrwm dy nwl-nwl KyfW, kuSqIAW, gqkw, GoV-svwrI, nyzwbwzI qy qlvwr-AMdwzI dy mukwbly vI huMdy rhy[ ivckwr kuJ mOikAW ‟qy BMf vI Awpxw &n ivKwauNdy rihMdy sn[ ienHW idnW ivc hI, iek mOky ‟qy, BMfW ny ienHW msMdW dIAW krqUqW dI nkl lw ky idKweI[ aunHW ny msMdW ƒ lutyry, T`g, hYNkVbwz, kurpt, bd-ie^lwk Aqy A`XwS ijhy idKwieAw[ aus vyly gurU swihb kol BweI nwnU rwm idlvwlI bYTw sI[ aus ny gurU swihb ƒ msMdW bwry kuJ hor vwk&I vI id`qI[ ieh swrw kuJ sux ky gurU swihb dy rONgty KVyH ho gey[ gurU swihb ny dIvwn mnI rwm (pwhul mgroN BweI mnI isMG) ƒ hukm kIqw ik swry msMdW ƒ muSkW bMnH ky AnMdpur swihb bulwieAw jwey[ BweI Awlm cMd (pwhul mgroN Awlm isMG) „n`cxw‟ nwl cwr hor isMG Byjy gey qW jo auh msMdW ƒ AnMdpur swihb ilAw ky gurU swihb A`gy pyS krn[
kuJ hI idnW ivc swry msMd AnMdpur swihb phuMc gey[ gurU swihb ny msMdW dI prK kIqI[ ijhVy msMd byeImwn qy mujirm sn, aunHW ƒ mOky ‟qy hI s^q szwvW id`qIAW geIAW[ v`fy mujrmW ƒ szwey-mOq suxweI geI[ ies szw ‟qy Aml vI, auQy hI qy ausy vyly hI, kIqw igAw[ kuJ msMd ies iemiqhwn ivcoN sur^Ur ho ky inkly[ ienHW ƒ gurU swihb v`loN isropwE Byt kIqy gey[ ienHW ivc BweI b^q m`l sUrI (jlwlpur j`tW) qy BweI sMgq/BweI PyrU (mIAW kI mOV, lwhOr) vI Swiml sn[ ies dy nwl hI gurU swihb ny mMsd jmwq ^qm krn dw AYlwn kIqw[ aunHW ny
AYlwn kIqw ik A`gy qoN swry is`K „Kwlsw‟ hoxgy (is`Dy gurU nwl sbMD r`Kxgy; iksy msMd jW iksy hor ivcoly rwhIN gurU drbwr nwl rwbqw nhIN r`Kxgy[ gurU swihb ny ieh hukmnwmw vI jwrI kIqw ik A`gy qoN koeI vI is`K Awpxw dsvMD Bytw msMdW ƒ nw dyvy Aqy is`DI gurU drbwr ƒ Byjy[ aunHW AYlwn kIqw ik msMd rwhIN AweI Bytw kbUl nhIN kIqI jwvygI[
ieM\ gurU swihb ny gurU qy is`K ivckwr msMd qy hor ivcoly ^qm kr id`qy qy swry is`KW ƒ „Kwlsw‟ bxwaux dw AYlwn kr idqw[ {ies dw sw& mwAnw hY ik „Kwlsw‟ Aqy pwhulIAw dovyN v`K-v`K nukqy (&ls&y) hn}[
sIs Byt kOqk Aqy KMfy dI pwhul:
“KMfy dI pwhul” auh rsm hY, jo gurU goibMd isMG jI ny is`KW nUM nvIN pCwx dyx vwsqy SurU kIqI sI[
cyqr dy SurU ivc gurU swihb ny swry is`KW ƒ hukmnwmy Byj ky ibkRmI sMmq dy ivswK mhIny dI pihlI qwrI^ (29 mwrc 1698) dy idn AnMdpur swihb phuMcx vwsqy AwiKAw (kuJ somy ies kOqk nUM 29 mwrc 1699 nUM Aqy kuJ 1695 ivc hoieAw dsdy hn pr mYN 1698 nUM vDyry shI mMndw hW[ drAsl Agly swl dI ivswKI (29 mwrc 1699) dy idn AnMdpur swihb ivc 1698 qoN vI v`fw iek`T hoieAw sI qy ies idn vI hzwrW is`KW ny pwhul leI sI[ ieh BulyKw ies qoN hI SurU hoieAw hovygw[ ieMJ hI 1695 ivc kysDwrI hox qy kVw pwaux dw hukmnwmw jwrI hoieAw sI[ iksy ny BulyKy nwl ies nUM hI pwhul nwl joV id`qw hovygw[ sMqoK isMG ny „sUrj pRkwS‟ ivc ies dw koeI swl nhIN id`qw[ 1699 swl dI ZlqI sB qoN pihlW igAwnI igAwn isMG ny 1891 ivc pMQ pRkwS ivc kIqI sI („pMQ pRkwS‟, p`Qr Cwpw AYfISn 1891, s&w 309)[ bwkI swirAW ny iesy ZlqI nUM qvwrI^ bxw id`qw[ „gurU kIAW swKIAW‟ (ilKx swl 1798) ivc qwrI^ 1698 dI idqI hoeI hY[ „B`t vhI BwdsoN prgnw Qwnysr‟ ivc vI 1698 dw swl id`qw hoieAw hY[
aus idn hzwrW is`K gurU dI ngrI AnMdpur swihb ivc pu`jy[ aus idn svyry rbwbIAW ny gurbwxI dw kIrqn kIqw[ kIrqn qoN bwAd BweI mnI rwm ny iek Sbd dI kQw kIqI[ ies dy nwl hI gurU swihb KVyH ho gey, AwpxI ikrpwn imAwn ivcoN k`FI qy AwiKAw ik mYƒ iek isr cwhIdw hY[ gurU swihb dy bol sux ky swry pwsy cu`p Cw geI[ gurU swihb ny iqMn vwrI iehI bol AwKy[ qIjI vwr AwKx qoN ip`CoN BweI dieAw rwm KVHw hoieAw[ gurU swihb q^q qoN auqry qy aus ƒ PV ky nyVy vwlI, zrw kU aucI, iek hor phwVI ‟qy g`fy hoey qMbU ivc lY gey, ij`Qy pMj Ajw suq (bkry) bMnHy hoey sn (hux ieh „qMbU vwlI phwVI‟ k`cI phwVI vjUd ivc nhIN hY ikauN ik auh Kur geI sI)[ kuJ plW bwAd gurU swihb ^Un nwl ilbVI ikrpwn lY ky bwhr Awey[ ies vwr gurU swihb ny iek hor isr dI mMgI kIqI[ ieh kOqk gurU swihb ny pMj vwr duhrwieAw[ pMjvyN is`K v`loN isr Byt krn qoN kuJ icr mgroN gurU swihb sIs Byt krn vwly pMjW is`KW ƒ nIly bwxy ivc pMfwl ivc lY ky Awey[ gurU swihb ny Awp vI nIlw bwxw pihixAw hoieAw sI[ (vyKo: gurU kIAW swKIAW, swKI 59, mihmw pRkwS, s&w 825)[ ies sbMDI „B`t vhI BwdsoN prgnw Qwnysr‟ ivc iek ieMdrwj ieM\ imldw hY:
“gurU goibMd isMG mhl dsmW bytw gurU qyg bhwdr jI kw swl sqrW sY pcwvn mMglvwr vYswKI ky idMhuM pWc isKoN ko KWfy kI pwhul dI isMG nwm rwKw[ ipRQmY dYAw
rwm sopqI KqrI bwsI lwhOr Aw Klw hUAw[ pwCY mohkm cMd CIpw bwsI dvwrkw, swihb cMd nweI bwsI ibdr z&rwbwd, Drm cMd jvMdw jwt bwsI hsqnwpur, ihMmq cMd JIvr bwsI jgnnwQ bwro bwrI Kly huey[ sb ko nIl AMbr pihnwieAw[ vhI bys Apnw kIAw[ hu`kw, hlwl, hjwmq hrwm, it`kw jM\U DoqI kw iqAwg krwieAw[ mIxy DIrmlIey rwm rweIey, isrguMm, msMdW kI vrqn bMd kI[ kMGw, krd, kysgI, kVw, kCihrw sB ko dIAw[ sB kysDwrI kIey[” (ies ieMdrwj muqwibk pMjvW kkwr „kyskI‟ hY; kys qW bjr kurihq ivc pihlW hI Swiml hn)[
isr Byt krn vwly pMjW is`KW (BweI dieAw rwm, BweI muhkm cMd, BweI swihb cMd, BweI Drm cMd, BweI ihMmq cMd) jdoN gurU swihb dIvwn ivc phuMcy qW aunHW nUM pMj hor is`K KVHy nzr Awey[ gurU jI ny aunHW nUM pu`iCAw ik qusIN ikauN KVHy ho? aunHW jvwb id`qw AsIN vI isr hwizr krny hn[ gurU jI ny ikhw „mYnUM isr& pMj isr hI cwhIdy sn; ikauNik qusIN isr hwzr kIqy hn, qusIN vI mukq ho gey ho, qusIN qvwrI^ ivc „pMj mukqy‟ AKvwEgy[ ies mgroN gurU jI ny sMgqW ƒ mu^wiqb ho ky AwiKAw ik hux qoN ienHW pMjW mrjIviVAW ƒ „pMj ipAwry‟ AwiKAw jwieAw krygw[ jd qk cMd sUrj kwiem rihxgy, gurU ƒ isr Byt krn vwly pihly pMj is`KW dw nW dunIAW Br ‟c kwiem krygw[ jdoN vI kVwh pRSwd dI dyZ iqAwr hoieAw krygI, ienHW dw CWdw (ih`sw) sB qoN pihlW k`iFAw jwieAw krygw[ ies ip`CoN gurU swihb ny BweI caupiq rwie ƒ AwiKAw ik auh sqluj ivcoN sw& pwxI
Br ky ilAwaux[ gurU jI ny dIvwn Drm cMd iC`br ƒ p`Qr dw kUMfw, lohy dw bwtw Aqy KMfw ilAwaux vwsqy AwiKAw[ gurU swihb ny p`Qr dy kUMfy ‟qy lohy dw bwtw r`K ky, aus ivc sqluj dirAw qoN mMgvwieAw pwxI pw ky, “pwhul” iqAwr krnI SurU kr id`qI[ ies mgroN Ardws kIqI qy „KMfy dI pwhul‟ dyx dI rsm SurU kIqI[ gurU swihb ny KMfy nwl pihlW Awpxy mUMh ivc pwhul dIAW pMj bMUdW pweIAW qy iPr pMjW ipAwirAW ƒ ieh pwhul id`qI[ (pMjW ipAwirAW ƒ pwhul dyx ip`CoN Awp aunHW koloN pwhul lYx dI khwxI mgroN inrmilAW ny GVI sI[ kuJ lok inrmly gurdws isMG dI vwr ivc „Awpy gur cylw‟ nUM pMjW koloN pwhulw lYxw kih dyNdy hn, hwlW ik ies dw mqlb hrigz ieh nhIN inkldw[ “Awpy gur cylw” dy &ls&y dw izkr qW „s`qy qy blvMf dI vwr‟ ivc imldw hY ijhVw Awpxy ijaUNdy jIA gurg`dI dI rsm krn nwl sbMD rKdw hY)[
pMjW ipAwirAW ƒ pwhul dy ky gurU swihb ny aunHW ƒ nvW nW „isMG‟ idqw[ pihlw gurU swihb ny Awpxw nW „goibMd isMG‟ r`iKAw qy Pyr pMj ipAwirAW ƒ dieAw isMG, muhkm isMG, swihb isMG, Drm isMG, ihMmq isMG dy nW id`qy[ ies ip`CoN Awp ny aunHW ƒ rihq-mirAwdw d`sI[ gurU swihb ny AwiKAw ik hux quhwfw ipClw jnm, Drm, krm, Brm qy Srm ^qm ho geIAW hn[ hux qusIN „Akwl purK dw Kwlsw‟ ho[ qusIN „pMj kkwrW‟ ƒ hmySw Awpxy AMg r`Kxw[ cwr bjr kurihqW qoN bcxw (kysW dI byAdbI nhIN krnw, ku`Tw mws nhIN Kwxw, qmwkU nhIN vrqxw qy qurknI/pr nwrI dw sMg nhIN krnw)[ bjr kurihq krn vwlw piqq ho jweygw Aqy aus ƒ qn^wh luAw ky, ies nUM Bugqx mgroN dubwrw KMfy dI pwhul lYxI
peygI [ mIxy, msMd, DIrm`lIey, rwmrweIey qy isrguMm (mony); ienHW pMjW nwl myl nhIN r`Kxw[ gor (kbr), mVHI (smwD), m`T (jTyirAW dIAW smwDW) Bu`l ky nhIN mMnxw[ quhwƒ sunihry ivc rlw id`qw hY[ Awps ‟c Brm Byd nhIN r`Kxw[
ies kOqk nUM “sIs Byt” kOqk ikhw jWdw hY[ ies dw mksd ieh sI ik (1) is`K dw isr sdw vwsqy „Drm‟ dy lyKy (s`c, iensw&, ienswnIAq vwsqy) hwzr hY; Aqy ijhVw „KMfy dI pwhul‟ leygw aus dw isr „pMj ipAwirAW‟ vW| s`c vwsqy kurbwn hox vwsqy sdw hwzr hovygw[ (2) is`K dw rUp (kys qy dsqwr vwlw) inAwrw rhygw qy (3) is`K Awpxy &sl&y ivc prp`k rhygw (&ls&y dw mwAnw hY: rihqW kurihqW, Xwin smwijk rihxI bihxI, Aqy gurbwxI, Xwin rUhwnI rihxI bihxI, dovyN hn)[
pMj ipAwirAW nUM pwhul dyx dI rsm pUrI hox mgroN gurU swihb ny BweI dieAw isMG, muhkm isMG, swihb isMG, Drm isMG, ihMmq isMG (pMj ipAwirAW) nUM KMfy dI pwhul iqAwr krn Aqy pMj mukiqAW: dyvw rwm, rwm cMd, tihl dws, eISr dws, qy &qih cMd ƒ pwhul dyx vwsqy ikhw qy aunHW nUM „isMG‟ nW bKSy[ ienHW dsW mgroN pMj ipAwirAW ny BweI mnI isMG, aunHW dy Cy spu`qr (BweI icqr isMG, bicqr isMG, BweI audY isMG, BweI Aink isMG, BweI Ajb isMG qy BweI Ajwieb isMG), BweI cOpw isMG, BweI Drm isMG (dIvwn), BweI Awlm isMG „n`cxw‟ qy BweI gurbKS isMG (rwm kMvr); XwrHW is`KW ny KMfy dI pwhul leI[ ienHW ie`kIAW qoN mgroN BweI rwie isMG mulqwnI, BweI gurbKS isMG, BweI gurb^SIS isMG, BweI ikrpw isMG d`q (ikrpw rwm), BweI snmuK isMG d`q (Brw BweI ikrpw rwm), BweI gurmuK isMG (ipqw BweI ikrpw rwm), BweI subyg isMG; BweI AmrIk isMG, BweI dXw isMG purohq, BweI brn isMG, BweI AxI isMG, BweI lwl isMG ipSOrIAw,
BweI rUp isMG, soFI dIp isMG, soFI nMd isMG, BweI nwƒ isMG idlvwlI, srihMd dy BweI hzwrI isMG, BweI BMfwrI isMG qy BweI drbwrI isMG vZYrw ny KMfy dI pwhul leI[ ienHW swry 45 is`KW nUM pwhul „pMj ipAwirAW‟ ny Awp id`qI sI[
ies mgroN Agly idn ienHW 50 ivcoN pMj-pMj isMGW dy keI jQy bxw id`qy gey jo hzwrW is`KW nUM pwhul dyx l`g pey[ ieM\ lgwqwr keI idn KMfy dI pwhul dyx ‟c bIq gey qy qkrIbn vIh hzwr is`KW ny KMfy dI pwhul hwisl kIqI[ (ies qoN swibq huMdw hY ik ies mOky ‟qy AnMdpur swihb ivc 20 hzwr qoN vD is`K, bIbIAW qy b`cy phuMcy hoey sn[ iek lyKk ny 80 hzwr dI igxqI id`qI hY jo shI nhIN hY)[
pMj ipAwirAW h`QoN gurU jI v`loN pwhul lYx dI khwxI
BweI vIr isMG ny 1911 ivc iek nvIN g`p is`K qvwrI^ ivc Swiml kr id`qI sI ik „pMj ipAwirAW‟ nUM „KMfy pwhul‟ dyx mgroN gurU goibMd isMG ^ud aunHW A`gy KVy ho gey Aqy Awp „KMfy dI pwhul‟ dI mMg kIqI sI[ ieh g`p sB qoN pihlW BweI vIr isMG ny, gurdws isMG dy nW hyT ilKI iek inrmly lyKk dI 28 pauVIAW dI vwr dI sMpwdnw ivc ilKI sI[(ieh vwr ies dI AMdrUnI gvwhI muqwibk 1787 qoN mgroN dI rcnw hY ijs nUM BweI vIr isMG ny 41vIN vwr dw nW id`qw hY[ieh ausy toly ny ilKI sI ijs ny AKOqI „dsmgRMQ‟ dIAW kivqwvW ilKIAW sn)
ies vwr ivc iek lweIn AwauNdI hY “vwh vwh goibMd isMG Awpy gur cylw”; hwlW ik ies lweIn dw mqlb hrigz ieh nhIN inkldw ik gurU jI ny Awpxy „cyilAW‟, Xwin „pMj ipAwirAW‟ qoN KMfy dI pwhul leI sI qy ies kr ky auh „gurU vI qy cylw vI‟ bxy sn; Aqy nw hI aus „vwr‟ ivc iksy jgh gurU jI v`loN ^ud pwhul lYx dw izkr jW zrw mwsw ieSwrw vI AwauNdw hY[ ieh auhI vwr/kivqw hY ijs ivc AwauNdw hY “guru dws mnweI kwlkw KMfy kI vylw‟[ pIvhu pwhul KMfyDwr huie jnm suhylw[ gur sMgiq kInI Kwlsw mnmuKI duhylw[vwh vwh goibMd isMG Awpy gur cylw[”
gur-cylw l&z gurU gRMQ swihb ivc, rwg sUhI ivc, s&w 731 „qy AwauNdw hY “hmrI jwiq pwiq guru siqguru, hm vyicE isru gur ky] jn nwnk nwmu pirE gur cylw, gur rwKhu lwj jn ky]” (ijs dw mwAnw hY: “gurU hI myrI jwiq hY, gurU hI myrI ie`zq hY; mYN Awpxw isr gurU pws vyc id`qw hY; myrw isr gurU dy hvwly hY; hux myrw nW „gurU dw cylw‟ pY igAw hY, gurU jI hux qusIN hI Awpxy syvk dI ie`zq rKo qy r`b dw nW jpweI r`Ko)[
KMfy dI pwhul dI rsm SurU krn dw Asl ibAwn „gurU kIAW swKIAW‟ dI 59 vIN swKI ivc imldw hY ik: “gurU swihb ny KMfy dy ipply „qy AMimRq pwie pwie pWc d&w ky Awpxy mUMh myN cuAwie, pWc hI bwr vwh gurU jI dI &qy gjweI”; Aqy iPr pMjW ipAwirAW ƒ ieh pwhul id`qI[(KMfy dI pwhul gurU swihb ny iek`ilAW iqAwr kIqI sI, aunHW nwl cwr hor jxy nhIN sn)[
auN\ AsUlI qOr ‟qy vI vyiKAw jwvy qW pMj ipAwirAW nUM pwhul dy ky iPr aunHW qoN pwhul lYxw bydlIlI g`l jwpdI hY[ ies dw mqlb ieh inkldw hY ik pwhul dyx vyly gurU swihb Awp qW Ajy pwhulIey nhIN sn (Xwin, ies khwxI muqwibk auh iek qrHW nwl„byAMimRqIey‟ hI sn)[ ies ihswb nwl qW pMj ipAwirAW ny iek „byAMimRqIey‟ pwsoN pwhul leI sI[ pr ieh shI nhIN[ gurU swihb ny pihlW Awpxy mUMh ivc pwhul dIAW pMj bUMdW pweIAW sn qy pihlW Awp „pwhulIey‟ bxy sn, Aqy, ^ud pwhul lYx mgroN aunHW ny pMj isMGW nUM pwhul id`qI sI[
BweI mnI isMG nUM gurU-dw-c`k (AMimRqsr) Byjxw
ienHIN idnIN gurU dw c`k (AMimRqsr) dI bhuq swrI sMgq vI AnMdpur AweI hoeI sI[ aunHW ny gurU swihb nUM Arz kIqI ik mIxy (ipRQI cMd dy vwirs) gurU dw c`k C`f gey hn, ies kr ky au~QoN dI syvw sMBwl vwsqy iksy isrkrdw is`K nUM Byj id`qw jwvy[ gurU swihb ny BweI mnI isMG nUM pMj hor swQI lY ky gurU dw c`k jwx dw hukm id`qw[ gurU jI ny ienHW nUM Kwlsy dw nIlw inSwn swihb qy gurU gRMQ sihb dw dmdmI srUp vI Byt kIqw[
AnMdpur swihb ‟qy phwVI rwijAW dy hmly
gurU goibMd isMG swihb v`loN Kwlsw prgt krn mgroN hzwrW dI igxqI ivc lok is`KI ivc Swiml hox vwsqy AnMdpur swihb Awaux dI ^wihS r`Kx l`g pey sn[ ies dI soA muZl hwkmW dy nwl-nwl ihMdU cODrIAW ƒ Aqy bRwhmx jmwq ƒ vI iml rhI sI[
ienHIN idnIN hI gurU swihb ny AnMdpur swihb dy lohgVH iklHy ‟c hiQAwr bxwaux dw kwr^wnw lw ilAw[ BweI rwm isMG isklIgr ies kwr^wny dw ieMcwrj sI[ ies kwr^wny ‟c bVy vDIAw hiQAwr bxwey gey[ ies dw crcw swry pwsy hox l`g ipAw[ iblwspur irAwsq dy rwjy Ajmyr cMd dw purohq prmw nMd pihloN hI is`KW nwl Kwr KWdw sI[ aus ny Awly-duAwly dy rjvwiVAW ƒ vI BVkwieAw qy ikhw ik gurU goibMd isMG phwVI irAwsqW ‟qy kbzw krn vwsqy iqAwrIAW kr rhy hn[ kuJ cODrI qy rjvwVy aus dI cu`k ivc Aw gey[ ies mgroN auh bhwny GVn lg pey ik iksy qrIky nwl AnMdpur swihb ‟qy hmlw kIqw jwey[ ienHIN idnIN iek vwr (12 julweI 1698 dy idn) gurU goibMd isMG swihb kuJ isMGW nUM nwl lY ky nyVy dy phwVI jMgl ivc iSkwr krn gey[ ies mOky ‟qy aunHw dw twkrw kWgVy dy rwjy
Awlm cMd ktoc Aqy aus dy jrnYl blIAw cMd ktoc nwl ho igAw[ ktocW v`loN gurU swihb ‟qy hmlw kIqy jwx ‟qy BweI audY isMG, qy BweI Awlm isMG ny vI qlvwrW sUq leIAW[ dohW pwisEN zbrdsq lVweI SurU ho geI[ ienHW JVpW dOrwn BweI audY isMG h`QoN blIAw cMd dI iek bWh v`FI geI[y Awlm cMd ktoc vI burI qrHW z^mI ho igAw[ mgroN ienHW z^mW kwrn blIAw cMd dI mOq ho geI[
nUh dy rMGVW nUM szw
22 meI 1699 dy idn poTohwr dI sMgq gurU swihb dy drSn krn vwsqy AnMdpur swihb AweI qW rwh ivc nUh ipMf dy rMGVW ny lu`t leI[ ienHW is`KW iv`coN bhuq Ajy bhuqy pwhulIey nhIN sn[ ies kr ky aunHW kol ikrpwnW nhIN sn[ aunHW dI hwlq vyK ky gurU swihb ny Agly idn 23 meI nUM swihbzwdw AjIq isMG qy BweI audY isMG dI AgvweI ivc iek sO isMGW nUM nUh dy lutyirAW ƒ szw dyx vwsqy ByijAw[ ies jQy ny nUh ivc jw ky lutyirAW dw AwgU kyro rwm rMGV PV ky AnMdpur lY AWdw; aus ny gurU swihb dy pYr PV ley qy A`gy qoN pwp nw krn dw pRx kIqw; ies ‟qy gurU swihb ny sMgqW dy kihx ‟qy aus nUM muAw& kr id`qw[
iblwspurIAW v`loN AnMdpur „qy cwr idnw hmlw
qwrwgVH ‟qy hmlw: blIAw cMd qy Awlm cMd dI burI qrHW hwr hox mgroN, hux iblwspur dy rwjy Ajmyr cMd ny Awp h`Q Azmwaux dI koiSS kIqI[ qwrwgVH dw iklHw AnMdpur swihb qoN pMj iklomItr dUr ipMf qwrwpur ivc sI[ ie`Qy Kwlsw &OjW dw isr& iek Cotw ijhw j`Qw irhw krdw sI[ ies dI kmwn swihbzwdw AjIq isMG kol sI[ 29 Agsq 1700 vIrvwr dy idn Ajmyr cMd ny Acwnk ies iklyH ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ swihbzwdw AjIq isMG ny ies hmly ƒ pCwVn vwsqy kuJ isMG A`gy kIqy[ ienHW ny bVI bhwdrI nwl duSmx dI &Oj dw twkrw kIqw[ auDr jdoN gurU jI ƒ hmly dw pqw l`gw qW aunHW ny BweI audY isMG dI AgvweI ivc svw sO isMGW dw jQw ByijAw[ ies gihg`c lVweI ivc bhuq swry phwVI &OjI mwry gey[ phwVI rwijAW dw AwgU GumMf cMd BweI audY isMG dy h`QoN burI qrHW z^mI ho igAw[ iek pihr (3 GMty) dI lVweI mgroN phwVI &OjW dOV geIAW[ ies lVweI ivc BweI kilAwx isMG (pu`qr ShId BweI idAwl dws), BweI mMgq isMG (Brw BweI PyrU aur& „s`cI dwVHI‟) qy BweI eISr isMG vI ShId hoey[ ies mgroN gurU jI ny bwkI swry ikilHAW dy jQydwrW ƒ vI cOks kr id`qw[
ies lVweI sbMDI „B`t vhI qUmr ibMjlauNqo kI‟ ivc iek ieMdrwj ieM\ imldw hY :
“eISr isMG bytw kyvl kw poqw AwVU kw, ibMjlauNq, kilAwn isMG bytw idAwl dws kw poqw mweIdws kw, bMJrauq, mMgq isMG bytw ibMnY aupl kw….vwsI AMb mwVI pRgnw lwhOr…swl sqrW sY sqvMjw Bwdv pRivSty aun`qIs vIrvwr dy idhuM, gurU ky Sihzwdy AjIq isMG kw bcn pwie, iklw qwrwgVH ky mlhwn, pRgnw qwrwpur, eyk pihr Gor juD kr ky, Gxy prbqI mwr, swhmyN mwQy rx myN jUJ kr ShwdqW pwie gey [ GumMf cMd bytw gMBIr cMd kw, BweI audY isMG ky hwQ sy Gwiel hoieAw [” (B`t vhI qUmr ibMjlauNqoN kI)
&qihgVH ‟qy hmlw: Agly idn Sukrvwr 30 Agsq ƒ Ajmyr cMd qy aus dy swQIAW dIAW &OjW ny iklHw &qihgVH ‟qy hmlw vI kr id`qw[ ies iklyH dI kysgVH swihb vwly pwsy v`l dI kMD Ajy ADUrI sI[ ies iklyH dw jQydwr BweI Bgvwn isMG (pu`qr BweI mnI isMG) sI[ BweI Bgvwn isMG dI jQydwrI hyT igxqI dy isMGW ny hI phwVI &OjW dw ft ky mukwblw kIqw qy bhuq swry phwVI &OjI mwr mukwey[ Swm hox mgroN phwVI &OjW mYdwn C`f ky dOV geIAW[ ies lVweI ivc BweI Bgvwn isMG, BweI jvwhr isMG (pu`qr BweI l`KI rwey vxjwrw), BweI nMd isMG (pu`qr BweI Awlm isMG, poqw BweI drIAw) ShId ho gey[
ies bwry „B`t vhI jwdobMsIAW kI‟ ivc ieM\ izkr AwauNdw hY :
“Bgvwn isMG bytw mnI isMG kw, poqw mweIdws kw…puAwr, jvwhr isMG bytw lKIey kw, poqw goDU kw bVqIAW knwvq, nMd isMG bytw Awlm isMG kw, poqw drIAw kw…puAwr jlhwnw Awid…swl sqrW sY sqvMjw, Bwdvw pRivSty qIs gurUvwr ky idhuM, gurU kw bcn pwie, iklw &qygVH prgnw shotw ky mlhwn, swmyH mwQy jUJ kr mry, Awgy gurU Bwxy kw KwibMd hY, gurU kI giq gurU jwny [” (B`t vhI jwdobMsIAW kI, Kwqw bVHqIey knwauNqo kw)[
AgMmgVH ‟qy hmlw: do idn v`K-v`K ikilHAW ‟qy hmlw kr ky hwr Kwx mgroN Ajmyr cMd ny qIjy idn 31 Agsq ƒ iklHw AgMmgVH ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ iklHw AgMmgVH AnMdpur qoN qkrIbn fyF iklomItr dI dUrI ‟qy crn gMgw coA dy dUjy pwsy, ipMf AgMmgVH ivc sI[ aus vyly ies iklyH ivc vI igxqI dy hI isMG sn[ qkrIbn fyF pihr (4-5 GMty) lVweI hoeI qy Ajmyr cMd qy aus dy swQI ies lVweI ivc vI burI qrHW iSksq Kwx mgroN hrn ho gey[ ies lVweI ivc BweI bwG isMG (pu`qr rwey isMG qy BqIjw BweI mnI isMG) qy BweI Grbwrw isMG (pu`qr nwƒ isMG idlvwlI qy Brw dIvwn drbwrw isMG) ShIdIAW pw gey[
B`t vhIAW „c ies lVweI dw izkr ieM\ AwieAw hY :
“bwG isMG bytw rwie isMG kw, poqw mweI dws kw…Grbwrw isMG bytw nwƒ isMG kw, poqw bwGy kw…vwsI idlvwlI, swl sqrW sY sqvMjw Bwdv idhuM iek`qIs, SnIvwr ky idvs, gurU kw bcn pwie, iklHw AgMmgVH prgnw AgMmpurw ky mlhwn, prbqI rwjXoN ky gYl fyF pihr Gor juD kr ky, swmyHN mwQy jUJ kr suAws dIey[”
(B`t vhI qlwauNFw prgnw jINd, Kwqw jlHwny puAwroN kw)
lohgVH ‟qy hmlw: qIjy idn vI burI qrHW hwr Kwx mgroN aus rwq ƒ Ajmyr cMd, dUjy phwVI rwjy qy aunHW dy vzIr iek`Ty hoey[ ienHW ivc Ajmyr cMd dw mwmw kysrI cMd vI sI[ kysrI cMd ny iqMn idn mwr Kwx dy bwvjUd hux lohgVH iklHy ‟qy hmlw krn vwsqy AwiKAw[ aus ny ikhw ik „gurU jI dw hiQAwrW dw ^zwnw iklHw lohgVH ivc hY qy jy auh swfy kbzy ivc Aw igAw qW gurU jI Aslw-rihq ho jwxgy[‟ ies iklHy dw drvwzw sB qoN vD mzbUq sI[ kysrI cMd dy vzIr krm cMd ny cOQI lVweI krn qoN roikAw, pr iksy ny aus dI iek nw suxI[ Ajmyr cMd ny Awpxy bRwhmx vzIr prmw nMd dI slwh ‟qy iek hwQI ƒ Srwb ipAw ky, iklHy dw drvwzw qoVx vwsqy Byjx dw PYslw kIqw[ ies mOky ‟qy kysrI cMd ny ieh AYlwn vI kIqw ik “mYN gurU goibMd isMG dw isr lwh ky ilAwvWgw, nhI qW mYN vwips Gr nhIN muVWgw[” aus rwq gurU swihb iklHw AnMdgVH swihb ivc bYTy sn[ BweI cqr isMG brwV ny gurU swihb ƒ ies plwinMg dI sUh id`qI[ gurU swihb ny hwzr isMGW iv`coN mjITy dy dunI cMd DwlIvwl msMd (jo bVy Bwry ijsm vwlw S^s sI) dI ifaUtI lweI ik auh SrwbI hwQI ƒ roky[ buzidl dunI cMd frdw mwrw rwq ƒ iklHy dI kMD qoN r`sy nwl auqr ky AnMdpur swihb qoN B`j igAw[ ies mgroN BweI bicqr isMG ny gurU swihb qoN hwQI dw mukwblw krn dI iejwzq mMgI[ gurU swihb ny bicqr isMG ƒ Awpxw „nwgnI brCw‟ dy ky lVweI vwsqy iqAwr kIqw[ ies dy nwl hI BweI audY isMG ny jsvwrIey rwjy kysrI cMd ƒ soDx dI iejwzq mMgI[ gurU swihb ny aus ƒ „krpw‟ nW dw brCw dy ky Qwpxw id`qI[ svyr cVHn qoN pihlW dovyN Brw iklHw lohgVH dy bwhr pu`j gey[
Agly idn pihlI sqMbr ƒ jdoN mdmsq hwQI lohgVH v`l AwieAw qW BweI bicqr isMG ny pUrw zor lw ky brCy ƒ hwQI dy m`Qy ivc AYny zor nwl mwirAw ik auh brCw, hwQI dy m`Qy ‟qy bMnHIAW qvIAW ivMnH ky, AMdr qk Ds igAw[ ies dy nwl hI BweI bicqr isMG ny iek dm brCy nUM zor nwl vwips iK`c ilAw[ hwQI drd nwl icMGwVdw ip`Cy v`l ƒ B`ijAw[ hwQI dy pYrW hyT Aw ky bhuq swry phwVI &OjI mwry gey [ auDr BweI audY isMG qyzI nwl GoVw dOVw ky kysrI cMd kol pu`j igAw qy ikhw ik “qUµ gurU swihb dw isr lYx AwieAw sI[ lY pihloN Awpxw isr bcwA[” ieh kih ky BweI audY isMG ny ikrpwn dy ie`ko vwr nwl kysrI cMd dw isr v`F ilAw qy nyzy ‟c proA ky AnMdgVH iklyH ‟c jw ky gurU swihb dy pYrW ivc jw r`iKAw[ rwjw kysrI cMd dy mrn mgroN BweI mnI isMG, BweI Syr isMG qy BweI nwhr isMG dI AgvweI ‟c isMGW ny bhuq swry phwVI &OjI pwr bulwey[ lohgVH dy bwhr crn gMgw dy mYdwn ‟c phwVI &OjIAW dIAW lwSW dy Fyr l`g gey[ ies mgroN kuJ hI plW ivc Ajmyr cMd qy aus dy swQI phwVIAW dI &Oj isr ‟qy pYr r`K ky B`j geI qy iblwspur jw ky hI swh ilAw[ ies lVweI ivc BweI mnI isMG bhuq burI qrHW z^mI hoey (aus idn BweI mnI isMG AMimRqsr qoN iksy kMm Awey hoey sn) BweI Awlm isMG (BweI mnI isMG dy dwdy b`lU dy Brw drIAw dw pu`qr), su`Kw isMG (BqIjw BweI mnI isMG), KuShwl isMG (pu`qr BweI m`Kx Swh lubwxw) ShIdIAW pw gey[
ies bwry B`t vhI qlwauNFw ieM\ dsdI hY :
“gurU kw bcn pwie mnI isMG bytw mweIdws kw, poqw b`lU rwie kw…bicqr isMG bytw mnI isMG kw, audY isMG bytw mnI isMG kw….Awlm isMG bytw durgwdws kw, poqw pdmyN kw…hjwvq AWibAwnw…swl sqrW sY sqvMjw AsUj pRivSty pihlI rvIvwr ky idhuM iklHw lohgVH, prgnw mwKovwl sy, Kwlsw dl ko gYl lY crn gMgw ndI ky mlHwn swmHyN mwQy Gor juD kIAw[ bicqr isMG ny hwQI ko mwr BgwieAw[ audY isMG ky hwQ sy kysrI cMd jsvwrIAw mwrw igAw[ mnI isMG s^q Gwiel huey[ Awlm isMG bytw drIAw dw poqw mUly kw….jlHwnw, suKw isMG bytw rwie isMG kw, poqw mweI dws kw, kuSwl isMG bytw mKn Swh kw, poqw dwsy kw, pylIAw bnjwrw rx myN jUJ kr mry[ Awgy gurU Bwxy kw KwibMd hY, gurU kI giq gurU jwxy[”(B`t vhI qlwauNFw prgnw jINd, Kwqw jlhwnoN kw)
AnMdpur qoN inrmohgVH
cwr idn dI lVweI ivc burI qrHW iSksq Kwx Aqy mwmw kysrI cMd sxy sYNkVy &OjI mrvwaux mgroN, Ajmyr cMd ny iblwspur dy bweIDwr dy phwVI rwijAW dw iek iek`T bulwieAw[ swirAW ny cwr lVweIAW ivc hwr dw bVw A&sos kIqw[ kysrI cMd dy mrn ‟qy swry phwVI rwijAW ƒ sdmw pu`jw[ aunHW mihsUs kIqw ik auh gurU swihb ƒ &OjI lVweI ivc hrw nhIN skdy[ A^Ir aunHW iek qrkIb socI[ aunHW ny vzIr pMifq prmw nMd ƒ AnMdgVH iklyH ByijAw[ aus ny pihlI AkqUbr dI rwq ƒ Awty dI gaU bxw ky iklyH A`gy r`K ky, nwl iek ic`TI bMnH id`qI, ijs ivc iliKAw sI ik AsI ksm KWdy hW ik A`goN kdy vI AnMdpur ‟qy hmlw nhIN krWgy[ swry pwsy swfI byie`zqI hoeI hY[ AsIN iksy ƒ mUMh idKwaux jogy nhIN rhy[ Awp iek vwrI AnMdpur swihb C`f ky cly jwE qy Pyr bySk kuJ idnW mgroN hI vwips Aw jwxw[ AsIN lokW nUM kih skWgy ik AsIN AnMdpur ‟qy kbzw kr ilAw hY[ ies nwl swfI ie`zq rih jwvygI[
Agly idn do AkqUbr ƒ gurU swihb ƒ auyh ic`TI iklyH dy pihrydwr ny id`qI[ gurU swihb ny AwiKAw ik ieh p`Qr-pUj phwVIey ieqbwr dy kwibl nhIN[ pr iPr vI jy ienHW ‟qy qrs krn nwl ienHW dI ie`zq bcdI hY qW swƒ koeI &rk nhIN pYNdw[ gurU swihb ny BweI dieAw isMG, BweI audY isMG qy hornW nwl mSvrw kr ky AnMdpur swihb C`fx dw PYslw kr ilAw[ gurU swihb ny cwr AkqUbr 1700 dy idn AnMdpur C`f idqw[ ieh ngr iek vwr Pyr vIrwn ho igAw[
auDr jdoN Ajmyr cMd ƒ pqw l`gw ik gurU swihb AnMdpur ^wlI kr ky inrmohgVH cly gey hn qW aus ny AnMdpur swihb ‟qy kbzw kr ilAw[ hux aus ny Awpxy swQIAW nwl slwh kIqI ik ies vkq gurU swihb iksy iklHy ivc nhIN blik iek phwVI ‟qy qMbU g`f ky bYTy hn qy jy ies mOky ‟qy hmlw kIqw jwey qW gurU swihb ƒ Gyrw pw ky ^qm jW igR&qwr kIqw jw skdw hY[ jdoN Ajmyr cMd dI ies swizS dw pqw aus dI dwdI dy jIjy, bswlI dy rwjy slwhI cMd, ƒ l`gw qW aus ny hrkq qoN roikAw[ pr Ajmyr cMd ‟qy SYqwn svwr sI, auh nw tilAw qy aus ny inrmohgVH ‟qy hmlw krn dI iqAwrI SurU kr id`qI[
inrmohgVH qy hmlw
8 AkqUbr 1700 dy idn Ajmyr cMd dI &Oj ny inrmohgVH ivc gurU swihb ‟qy hmlw bol id`qw[ svw pihr dohW pwisAW qoN Gmswx dI lVweI hoeI[ Ajmyr cMd dI &Oj kol golw brUd kw&I sI qy aus dI &Oj dI igxqI vI bhuq sI[ gurU swihb kol igxvyN cuxvyN isMG hI sn[ ies dy bwvjUd isMG sIs qlI ‟qy r`K ky lVy[
(ie`QoN hI muhwvrw „sIs qlI ‟qy r`K ky lVnw‟ SurU ho igAw sI, drAsl „sIs qlI ‟qy r`Kx dw mqlb hY: jwn dI prvwh kIqy ibnW lVnw[‟ mgroN iksy klwkwr ny bwbw dIp isMG dI iek iKAwlI qsvIr bxweI ijs ivc aus ny aunHW dw k`itAw hoieAw isr aunHW dI qlI ‟qy r`iKAw hoieAw idKwieAw sI)[
ies lVweI ivc bhuq swry phwVI &OjI mwry gey[ AwpxI hwr vyK ky Ajmyr cMd dI &Oj mYdwn C`f geI[ ies lVweI ivc dIvwn swihb isMG (pu`qr BweI mqI dws), BweI mQrw isMG (pu`qr ShId BweI idAwl dws), BweI sUrq isMG, BweI dyvw isMG, BweI AnUp isMG DwlIvwl qy BweI srUp isMG DwlIvwl (pihlI sqMbr nUM SrwbI hwQI qoN fr ky B`jx vwly dunI cMd DwlIvwl dy poqy) ShId ho gey[
ies dw izkr „B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI‟ ivc ieM\ imldw hY :
“swihb isMG bytw mqIdws kw poqw hIrw ml kw…iCbr bRwhmx, mQrw isMG bytw idAwl dws kw poqw mweI dws dw bMJrauNq jlHwnw….sUrq isMG bytw kyvl kw poqw AwVU kw, qUmr ibMjlauq, dyvw isMG bytw qygy kw poqw suKy kw audwnw, swl sqrW sY sqvMjw, kwriqk pRivSty sqmIN mMglvwr dy idhuM, inrmohgF ky mlHwn, prgnw kihlUr kI jMg myN swmyNH mwQy jUJ kr mry[” (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI, Kwqw puAwr jlHwnoN kw)
inrmohgVH ‟c burI qrHW hwr Kwx mgroN Ajmyr cMd ny srhMd dy &Ojdwr vzIr ^wn nUM gurU swihb dy i^lw& vrqx dI qrkIb bxweI[ aus ny Awpxy vzIr pMifq prmwnMd ƒ srhMd ByijAw[ aus ny vzIr ^wn nUM ^br id`qI ik ies vkq gurU goibMd isMG iek phwVI ‟qy qMbU g`f ky bYTy hn qy auh vI QoVHy ijhy is`KW nwl[ ies hwlwq ivc aunHW ‟qy hmlw kr ky aunHW nUM ^qm kIqw jw skdw hY[ vzIr ny Ajmyr cMd v`loN ByjI kuJ rkm vI vzIr ^wn nUM ByNt kIqI[ ies ‟qy vzIr ^wn ny Awpxy iek jrnYl rusqm ^wn ƒ &Oj dy ky inrmohgVH v`l jwx vwsqy AwK id`qw[ auDr jdoN BweI icqr isMG qy BweI bicqr isMG (dovyN pu`qr BweI mnI isMG) ƒ pqw l`gw ik rusqm ^wn inrmohgVH v`l cVHweI krn tur ipAw hY qW aunHW ny qlvwr dI mu`T ‟qy h`Q r`K ky AYlwn kIqw ik auh mUhry jw ky aus pTwx jrnYl nwl Awhmo-swhmxy ho ky h`Qo-h`Q lVweI krngy[ 13 AkqUbr 1700 dy idn rusqm ^wn qy aus dw Brw nwsr ^wn AlI ny &OjW ƒ cwVH ilAWdw[ aunHW ny AwauNidAW hI inrmohgVH dI it`bI qoN QoVI dUr iek hor it`bI (SwhI it`bI) ‟qy morcy kwiem kr ley[ plW ivc hI nwsr ^wn ny gurU jI v`l qop dw golw mwirAw[ aus goly nwl gurU jI dw cOr-brdwr BweI rwm isMG kSmIrI ShIdI pw igAw[ gurU swihb ny ausy vyly iSsq bMnH ky AYsw qIr mwirAw ik rusqm ^wn QW ‟qy hI mr igAw[ iesy mgroN BweI audY isMG dy qIr nwl nwsr ^wn vI mwirAw igAw[ dohW BrwvW dy mrn mgroN vI muZl &OjW ip`Cy nw htIAW qy Awhmo-swhmxI lVweI hoeI[ Swm qk zbrdsq jMg huMdI rhI[ A^Ir hMB ky muZl &OjW srhMd ƒ vwips muV geIAW[ ies lVweI ivc BweI rwm isMG, BweI ihMmq isMG qy BweI mohr isMG ShIdIAW pw gey[ ies lVweI dw izkr B`t vhI qlwauNFw ivc ieM\ imldw hY :
“ihMmq isMG bytw jIqy kw poqw rwmy kw, audwnW, mohr isMG bytw DUmy kw poqw kwnyH kw….qUmr ibMjlauq, swl sqrW sY sqvMjw ,kiqk pRivSty bwrW ,rvIvwr ky idhuM, inrmohgVH ky mlHwn, prgnw kihlUr swmyHN jUJ kr mry[” (B`t vhI qlwauNFw prgnw jINd, Kwqw audwinEN kw)[
muZl &OjW dI hwr mgroN Ajmyr cMd iek vwr Pyr Awp &Oj lY ky inrmohgVH Aw igAw[ aus ny cohW pwisAW qoN inrmohgVH dI nwkwbMdI kr id`qI[ gurU swihb ny isMGW ƒ cwr jiQAW ivc vMf ky duSmx dIAW &OjW dw zrbdsq mukwblw kIqw[
FweI pihr zbrdsq lVweI hoeI[ dohW pwisAW dw bhuq nukswn hoieAw[ ies lVweI ivc BweI jIqw isMG, BweI nyqw isMG Aqy hor keI isMG ShId ho gey[
gurU swihb bswlI gey
bswlI (inrmohgVH Aqy kIrqpur swihb) qoN qkrIbn 15 iklomItr dUr) iek phwVI ipMf hY (nUrpur bydI qoN 6 iklomItr)[ audoN ieh iek in`kI ijhI irAwsq sI [ ies dw rwjw slwhI cMd sI[ slwhI cMd dI pqnI rwxI hIrw dyvI iblwspur dI rwxI cMpw (Ajmyr cMd dI dwdI) dI skI BYx sI[ rwxI cMpw (mOq 1691)
Aw^rI swhW q`k gurU Gr dI syvwdwr rhI sI[ jdoN hIrw dyvI qy slwhI cMd ƒ pqw l`gw ik Ajmyr cMd ny dZw kr ky gurU swihb nUM inrmohgVH Byj ky aunHW ‟qy hmlw kIqw hY qy hux inrmohgVH dI Gyrw-bMdI kIqI hoeI hY qW aunHW ny Awpxw vzIr gurU jI v`l ByijAw qy aunHW ƒ inrmohgVH C`f ky bswlI Awaux vwsqy AwiKAw[ bswlI irAwsq sqluj dirAw dy dUjy pwr sI[
gurU swihb 15 AkqUbr nUM qVky vyly inrmohgVH qoN sqluj dirAw v`l c`l pey qW jo dirAw pwr kr ky bswlI jw skx[ auDr jdoN Ajmyr cMd ƒ ies dw pqw l`igAw qW aus ny gurU swihb ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ gurU swihb ny is`K &OjW ƒ do ih`isAW ivc vMf id`qw qy Awp dirAw pwr kr gey[ ieDr BweI audY isMG dI AgvweI ‟c isMGW ny qIrW Aqy golIAW dw AYsw mINh vrHwieAw ik iek vwr qW duSmxW dI qObw kr id`qI[ jdoN swrI &Oj pwr kr geI qW BweI audY isMG vI dirAw pwr kr gey qy gurU jI ƒ jw imly[ ies lVweI ivc BweI kysrw isMG, BweI gokl isMG qy kuJ hor is`K ShIdIAW pw gey[
Swm vyly gurU jI bswlI phuMc gey[ bswlI dy lokW ny gurU jI ƒ bVI grm-joSI nwl jI AwieAW AwiKAw[ gurU jI rwjw slwhI cMd dy mihl ivc rhy qy isMGW vwsqy phwVI dy hyTW qMbU lw id`qy gey[
KyVw klmot dI lVweI
bswlI rihMidAW gur jI 20 AkqUbr dy idn iSkwr Kyfx vwsqy nyVy dIAW phwVIAW ivc gey; ies dOrwn iek biGAwV dw ip`Cw krdy Awp bswlI qoN 24 iklomItr dUr KyVw qy klmot ipMfW dIAW phwVIAW ivc Aw pu`jy[ eyQy klmot dy rMGVW Aqy gu`jrW ny is`KW qy hmlw kr id`qw ijs dOrwn BweI jIvn isMG (pu`qr BweI pRymw, poqw BweI mUlw, ieMj irSqy ivc auh BweI mnI isMG dw cwcw lgdw sI) mwirAw igAw[ ies mgroN is`KW ny klmotIAW nUM ^Ub sbk isKwieAw qy A^Ir rMGVW Aqy gu`jrW ny gurU jI qoN muAw&I mMgI qy KlwsI pweI[
AnMdpur vwpsI Aqy mwqw jIq kOr dw clwxw
gurU swihb dy bswlI rihMidAW rwjw swlwhI cMd ny Ajmyr cMd ƒ smJw ky mslw h`l krvw idqw[ ies mgroN 30 AkqUbr ƒ gurU swihb vwips AnMdpur swihb cly gey[ ies qoN pMj h&qy mgroN 5 dsMbr 1700 dy idn gurU swihb dI pihlI pqnI, mwqw jIq kOr, cVHweI kr gey[ ies vkq swihbzwdw &qih isMG dI aumr isr& fyF swl sI[ aus dI syvw sMBwl mwqw gujrI ny sMBwl leI[
bjrOVIAW ƒ szw
15 mwrc 1701 dy idn dVp dyS (rwvI qy JnW dy ivckwrlw ielwkw) dI sMgq gurU swihb dy drSn krn vwsqy AnMdpur swihb AweI qW rwh ivc izlHw huiSAwrpur dy iek ipMf bjrOV (c`byvwl dy nyVy, ies nUM bjrwvV vI kihMdy hn) dy gu`jrW qy rMGVW ny lu`t leI[ ienHW is`KW iv`coN bhuq Ajy bhuqy pwhulIey nhIN sn[ ies kr ky aunHW kol ikrpwnW nhIN sn[ aunHW dI hwlq vyK ky gurU swihb ny swihbzwdw AjIq isMG qy BweI audY isMG dI AgvweI ivc iek sO isMGW ƒ (AnMdpur swihb qoN 70 iklomItr dUr) bjrOV/ bjrwvV dy lutyirAW ƒ szw dyx vwsqy ByijAw[ 17 mwrc 1701 dy idn ienHW ny bjrOV/ bjrwvV pu`j ky ipMf dy lutyry muKIAW ic`qU qy im`qU ƒ s^q szw id`qI[ ies Gtnw qoN mgroN iPr koeI iSkwieq AnMdpur nhIN phuMcI[
holw mh`lw dw mylw
24 &rvrI qoN 2 mwrc 1702 qk AnMdpur swihb ‟c bhuq rOxkW rhIAW[ ienHW idnW ivc ihMdU lok holI dw iqauhwr mnw rhy sn[ gurU swihb ny is`KW ƒ ies bymwAnw rsm qoN bcx vwsqy is~iKAw id`qI[ gurU swihb ny 3 mwrc 1702 dy idn iek nvW iqauhwr „holw mh`lw‟ mnwieAw[ ies idn swry is`K iklHw AnMdgVH Aw pu`jy[ ieQy Aw ky Ardws krn mgroN Sbd pVHdy hoey isMG iklHw holgVH v`l cl pey[ surmeI dsqwrW dw jlUs kwlIAW GtwvW vWg ciVHAw hoieAw jwpdw sI[ jlUs ny holgVH phuMc ky Sbd pVyH qy Pyr vwpsI AnMdgVH v`l kIqI[ aus idn GoV svwrI, nyzybwzI, qlvwr-bwzI, gqkw, gurIlw lVweI Aqy KyfW dy mukwbly krvwey gey[ aus idn qoN isMGW ny hr swl holw mh`lw mnwauxw SurU kIqw jo Aj qk jwrI hY (pr kuJ bysmJ lok ihMdU-holI dI nkl kridAW hux rMg vI pwaux l`g pey hn[ ieh gurU swihb dIAW hdwieqW dy ault hY)[
rwjw slwhI cMd dI mOq
25 AkqUbr 1702 dy idn bswlI dw rwjw slwhI cMd cVHweI kr igAw[ aus dy Bog dy sbMD ivc guurU swihb 14 nvMbr 1702 dy idn bswlI gey[ slwhI cMd dI mOq mgroN Ajmyr cMd nUM smJwaux vwlw koeI nhIN sI irhw[
gurU swihb ‟qy iek hor hmlw
jnvrI 1703 ivc gurU swihb kurUkSyqr gey[ vwpsI ‟qy 13 jnvrI 1703 dy idn rwjw Ajmyr cMd dI Sih ‟qy sYd byZ qy Al& ^wn ny cmkOr dy nyVy gurU swihb ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ gurU swihb nwl mwqw gujrI, dovyN mihl (pqnIAW) qy svw ku sO isMG sn[ BweI audY isMG qy hor XoiDAW ny hmlwvrW dI cMgI KuMB T`pI[ hmlwvrW ny dOV ky AwpxI jwn bcweI[
dyvkI dws bRwhmx dI pqnI muVvwauxw
mwrc 1703 ivc dyvkI dws nW dw iek bRwhmx AnMdpur swihb gurU swihb kol AwieAw Aqy &irAwd kIqI ik aus dI bIvI ƒ duAwby dw cODrI jbr ^wn cu`k ky lY igAw hY[ gurU swihb ny swihbzwdw AjIq isMG qy BweI audY isMG dI AgvweI
‟c iek sO isMG aus bRwhmx dI pqnI idvwaux vwsqy Byjy[ ienHW ny 7 mwrc dy idn b`sI klW (izlHw huiSAwrpur, AnMdpur swihb qoN 70 iklomItr dUr) ƒ Gyrw pwieAw[ jbr jMg ^wn ny bRwhmxI vwips krn dI QW twkrw ‟qy kIqw[ lVweI ‟c jbr jMg ^wn mwirAw igAw qy bRwhmx ƒ aus dI pqnI vwips iml geI[ jd ieh ^br lokW qk phuMcI qW aunHW ny is`KW dI bhuq qwrI& kIqI[ gurU swihb v`loN iensw& idvwaux dI Aqy aunHW dI soBw dI ^br jd Ajmyr cMd ƒ phuMcI qW auh hor vI sV-bl igAw[
Ajmyr cMd v`loN hmilAW dI nvIN SurUAwq
AkqUbr 1700 ivc rwjw slwhI cMd ny gurU swihb Aqy Ajmyr cMd iblwspurIey ‟c lVweI mukvw id`qI sI[ rwjw slwhI cMd dI mOq mgroN Ajmyr cMd Pyr hrkqW krn l`g ipAw[ aus dy ispwhI Gwh-p`Tw lYx dy bhwny AnMdpur swihb ‟c koeI nw koeI Srwrq krdy rihMdy sn[ hux aus nwl hMfUr (nwlwgVH) dw rjvwVw vI Swiml ho igAw sI[ CotIAW motIAW JVpW mgroN A^Ir 16 jnvrI 1704 dy idn Ajmyr cMd, hMfUrI rwjy qy ienHW dy hor swQIAW dIAW &OjW ny AnMdpur swihb ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[ ieDroN isMGW ny vI f`t ky mukwblw kIqw[ Kwlsw &OjW dI AgvweI kr rhy jQy dw AwgU BweI mwn isMG inSwncI sI[ aus ny inSwn swihb ƒ zmIn ‟c g`f ky lVweI lVI[ lVweI ‟c z^mI ho ky auh zmIn ‟qy if`g ipAw qy nwl hI inSwn swihb vI tu`t ky zmIn ‟qy if`g ipAw[ lVweI Swm qk jwrI rhI[ A^Ir keI &OjI mrvw ky Ajmyr cMd iblwspur muV igAw[
inhMg &`rry dI SurUAwq
BweI mwn isMG dy z^mI hox Aqy inSwn swihb dy if`gx dI ^br jdoN gurU swihb kol pu`jI qW aunHW aus vyly AwpxI v`fI surmeI dsqwr hyTW bMnHI hoeI nIlI kyskI ivco iek lIr pwV ky AYlwn kIqw ik hux Kwlsy dy inSwn kdy vI nw tu`tygw, nw if`gygw, nw Jukygw[ ieh AwK ky aunHW aus lIr nUM JMfy/inSwn swihb vWg AwpxI dsqwr ‟c sjw ilAw[ gurU swihb dy kol bYTy BweI audY isMG, BweI ihMMmq isMG, BweI swihb isMG, BweI mohkm isMG qy BweI Awlm isMG „n`cxw‟ ny vI AwpxIAW nIlIAW kyskIAW iv`coN &`rry lwh ky dsqwrW ‟c sjw ley[ aunHW dy kol bYTy swihbzwdw &qih isMG, jo Ajy isr& Cy ku swl dy sn, ny vI &`rrw sjw ilAw[ ies idn qoN inhMg isMGW jiQAW dy AwgUAW dIAW dsqwrW ivc sjy &`rry sjwaux dI SurUAwq hoeI[ ijs QW gurU swihb ny &`rrw (dumwlw) sjwieAw sI, aus QW Aj-klH gurduAwrw dumwlgVH bixAw hoieAw hY[ ieh QW kysgVH swihb dy iblkul swhmxy hY[
swihbzwdw AjIq isMG dw ivAwh
B`t vhI pUrbI d`KxI muqwibk ienHW idnW ivc burhwnpur dy BweI jyTw isMG, aunHW dI isMGxI bIbI lCmI kOr qy bytI qwrw kOr AnMdpur swihb ivc AweIAW hoeIAW sn[ qwrw kOr ny iek idn dirAw ‟qy swihbzwdw AjIq isMG ƒ vyiKAw Aqy aus nUM idloN cwhux lg peI[ aus dy mwipAW ny aus dI hwlq vyK ky gurU swihb nwl g`l kIqI[ gurU swihb ny swihbzwdy nwl g`l kIqI qW aus ny ieh ivAwh krnw mnzUr kr ilAw[ ieh ivAwh 15 jnvrI 1705 ƒ hoieAw[
ies sbMDI ieh B`t vhI ieM\ ibAwn krdI hY :
“AjIq isMG bytw gurU goibMd isMG mhl dsmyN kw, poqw gurU qyZ bhwdr jI kw, pVpoqw gurU hirgoibMd jI kw…bMs gurU Arjn jI kI, sUrjbMsI gosl goqrw, soFI KqrI, bwsI AnMdpur prgnw kihlUr, kw ivvwh, qwrw bweI bytI jyTw isMG sy, swl sqrW sY iekwht mwG sudI eykm ky idvs, iklw AnMdgF myN hUAw[ gurU kI kVwhI kI…[” (B`t vhI pUrbI d`KxI)
iesy B`t vhI ivc swihbzwdw AjIq isMG dy Gr, 9 idsMbr 1705 dy idn Awgrw Sihr ivc, iek bytw hox dw izkr vI imldw hY[ ies byty dw nW hTI isMG r`iKAw igAw sI[ B`t vhI muqwibk :
“hTI isMG bytw AjIq kw, poqw gurU goibMd isMG jI mhl dsmyN kw, pVpoqw gurU qyZ bhwdr jI kw, bMs gurU hirgoibMd jI kI, sUrjbMsI gosl goqr soFI KqrI,
bwsI AnMdpur, prgnw kihlUr, sMmq sqrW sY bwsT poK mwsy sudI pMcmIN ky idhuM Awgrw ngrI, prgnw mQurw BweI srDw isMG bytw mohkm dws gulwtI AroVw ky gRih myN hUAw [ gurU kI kVwhI kI, AiQq grIb gurby ko mwnw [” (B`t vhI pUrbI d`KxI, Kwqw hjwvq AWibAwnoN kw)[
kuier isMG dy guriblws pwqswhI dsvIN, kWf 16, ivc vI ies dw izkr imldw hY[ swihbzwdw AjIq isMG dy ivAwh dw izkr mYN „B`t vhIAW‟ ivc Awey hvwilAW kr ky kIqw hY[ B`t vhIAW is`K qvwrI^ dw sB qoN kImqI somw hn[ kuJ lyKk ies SwdI nUM nhIN mMndy qy auh hTI isMG nUM AjIq isMG pwilq dw pu`qr bxw dyNdy hn[ hTI isMG dI mOq aus dy nwnky ngr burhwnpur (m`D pRdyS) ivc hoeI sI[ gurduAwrw bVI sMgq dy ip`Cly ihsy ivc qwrw kOr qy hTI isMG dIAW smwDW bxIAW hoeIAW hn[
Ajmyr cMd dy Aw^rI hmly
13 mwrc 1705 dy idn Ajmyr cMd ny hMfUrI &OjW ƒ nwl lY ky AnMdpur swihb ‟qy iek vwr Pyr hmlw kr id`qw[ ieh lVweI do idn c`lI[ Ajmyr cMd ies vwr Pyr hwr igAw[ ies vkq qk gurU swihb ƒ pqw l`g cukw sI ik Ajmyr cMd ny hMfUr qy hor phwVI rwijAW ƒ nwl imlw ky, sUbw srihMd dI mdd nwl iek v`fy hmly dI iqAwrI kr irhw hY[ ies mOky ‟qy iek v`fI qy lMbI jMg hox dy Awswr sn[ ies kr ky gurU swihb ny 29 mwrc 1705 dy idn AnMdpur swihb ‟c rih rhy swry isMGW dw iek`T bulwieAw Aqy aunHW ƒ AwiKAw ik swry gRihsqI isMG Awpxy bIvI b`icAW ƒ lY ky Awpo-Awpxy vqnW ƒ cly jwx[ dohW mwqwvW ƒ vI BweI jyTw isMG qy bIbI qwrw kOr dy nwl burwhnpur v`l tor id`qw igAw (mwqwvW nUM BweI mnI isMG dy nwl Byjx dI g`l mgroN SurU hoeI sI[ BweI mnI isMG aus vyly gurU dw c`k, AMimRqsr, dI syvw-sMBwl krdy sn)[ hux AnMdpur swihb ivc gurU swihb, mwqw gujrI, cwr swihbzwdy qyy qkrIbn pMj ku sO isMG hI bwkI rih gey sn[
3 meI 1705 dy idn Ajmyr cMd ny hzwrW &OjW nwl AnMdpur swihb ƒ Gyr ilAw[ gurU swihb ny swry ikilHAW ivc pUrI qkVweI kIqI hoeI sI pr aus vyly AnMdpur swihb ‟c Anwj koeI bhuqw nhIN sI[ Ajmyr cMd dIAW &OjW ny cwry pwsy Gyrw pwieAw hoieAw sI[ ies Gyry qoN kuJ hor dUr hMfUrI &OjW, gu`jrW qy rMGVW qy srhMdI &OjW ny morcy sMBwly hoey sn[ hOlI-hOlI isMGW dy lMgr msqwny ho gey[ isMG CoilAW dI rozwnw iek mu`T nwl guzwrw krn l`gy[ ies hwlq ivc kuJ isMG Gbrwaux l`g pey[ auh AnMdpur swihb dw Gyrw qoV ky inklxw cwhuMdy sn[ gurU swihb Ajy kuJ icr rukxw cwhuMdy sn[ isMGW ny mwqw gujrI ƒ mnw ilAw ik AnMdpur swihb C`f dyxw cwhIdw hY[ mwqw jI ny gurU swihb ‟qy zor pwieAw[ ies dy nwl hI 4 idsMbr 1705 dy idn kurwn SrI& dI ijld ‟qy l`gI AOrMgzyb dI iek ic`TI lY ky smwxy dw rihx vwl SwhI kwzI AnMdpur swihb phuMicAw[ aus ivc AOrMgzyb ny iliKAw sI ik gurU jI AnMdpur C`f ky kWgV ksby ‟c Aw jwx[ au~Qy Awaux mgroN hwlwq ‟qy ivcwrW kIqIAw jwxgIAW[ ieh vI ikAws kIqw jWdw hY
ik ieh ic`TI phwVI rwijAW jw srihMd dy sUbydwr ny jwAlI iqAwr krvweI hovygI[ gurU swihb ny ies ic`TI ‟qy BweI dieAw isMG qy hor muKI isMGW nwl ivcwr kIqI[ ausy vkq AnMdpur swihb ‟c ^br AweI ik CyqI hI srihMd dy gvrnr vzIr ^wn dI v`fI &Oj vI AnMdpur swihb ‟qy hmlw krn dI iqAwrI kr rhI hY[ ies &Oj dw pihlw pVwA ropV ‟c 5 idsMbr 1705 dI rwq ƒ hovygw[
AOrMgzyb dI ic`TI bwry ivcwr dOrwn bhuqy isMG cwhuMdy sn ik gurU swihb pirvwr sxy AnMdpur swihb qoN kWgV ipMf cly jwx qy ip`CoN Kwlsw &OjW muZlW qy phwVIAW nwl do h`Q krn[ pr gurU swihb ny AwiKAw ik auh is`KW ƒ iek`ilAW C`f ky nhIN jwxgy[ gurU swihb ny &Yslw kIqw ik swry dy swry 500 isMG iek`Ty hI jwxgy[ aunHW bwkI ikilHAW ivcoN vI swry isMGW ƒ bulw ilAw[ aunHW swry is`KW ƒ do ih`isAW ivc vMf id`qw[ iek pwsy gurU swihb Aqy aunHw nwl cwlHI „drbwrI‟ isMG sn (ienHW ƒ AnMdpur swihb dy „cwlHI mukqy‟ AwK ky Xwd kIqw jWdw hY)[ dUjy pwsy mwqw gujrI, cwr swihbzwdy qy bwkI cwr sO s`T isMG sn[ ienHW swirAW ƒ A`goN v`K-v`K ih`isAW ivc vMf id`qw igAw[ cwr sO s`T ivcoN pMjwh isMG BweI audY isMG dy nwl sn, iek sO isMG BweI jIvn isMG rMGryty nwl, iek sO isMG BweI bicqr isMG nwl, iek sO isMG mwqw gujrI qy swihbzwidAW dy nwl qy bwkI dy isMG iek v`Kry jQy ivc jwx sn[ cwlHI ‟coN sYNqI mukqy gurU swihb dy nwl jwxy sn[ bwkI dy iqMn mukqy, BweI audY isMG, BweI jIvn isMG qy BweI bicqr isMG; iqMny cwlHI drbwrI is`KW ivc Swiml sn, pr ienHW ƒ jiQAW dI kmWf vI id`qI hoeI sI[
AnMdpur swihb C`fxw
5-6 idsMbr dy idn, do GVIAW rwq geI, gurU swihb c`k nwnkI qy isry ‟qy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy sskwr vwlI jgHw (gurduAwrw sIs gMj) phuMcy Aqy aunHW ny BweI gurb^S dws audwsI ƒ ies jgHw dI syvw sMBwl id`qI Aqy Awp isMGW ƒ nwl lY ky iklHw AnMdgVH Aw gey[ AnMdgVH Aw ky Awp ny sB qoN pihlW 90 isMGW dy iek j`Qy dI ih&wzq ivc mwqw gujrI, do Coty swihbzwdy Aqy iek Aqy iek duMnw isMG nW dy is`K qy suiB`KI nW dI iek isMGxI nUM kIrqpur v`l toirAw[ ies mgroN AOrMgzyb dI ic`TI ƒ sMBwilAw, iPr BweI audY isMG dI AgvweI ‟c 50 isMGW dw jQw rvwnw kIqw Awp vI ip`Cy tur pey[ ienHW ip`Cy swihbzwdw AjIq isMG qy BweI bu`Fw isMG dw jQw Aw irhw sI[ ienHW ip`Cy BweI jIvn isMG qy sB qoN ip`Cy BweI bicqr isMG dw jQw sI[ gurU swihb ny AnMdpur swihb qoN kIrqpur swihb huMdy hoey, ipMf J`KIAW dI jUh ‟coN lMG ky srsw ndI dy kMFy v`l jwxw sI Aqy eyQoN ndI pwr krnI sI[ gurU swihb ny pirvwr ƒ cmkOr v`l Byjxw sI Aqy Awp kotlw inhMg (ropV) v`l jwxw sI[
Ajy gurU swihb kIrqpur lMGy hI sn ik ip`CoN phwVI qy muZl &OjW ny qIrW Aqy golIAW nwl hmlw kr id`qw[ gurU swihb ny Awpxw jwmw joVw BweI audY isMG ƒ b^S ky aus ƒ SwhI it`bI qy qwienwq kIqw qy aus nwl pMjwh isMG lVn vwsqy id`qy[ aunHW BweI audY isMG ƒ AwiKAw ik swihbzwdw AjIq isMG ƒ AwKxw ik auh au~Qy nw rukx Aqy kotlw inhMg cly jwx[ ies mgroN Awp ny mwqw gujrI, do Coty swihbzwidAW qy du`nw isMG qy bIbI suiB`KI nwl srsw ndI ƒ pwr kIqw[ ienHW ip`Cy Aw irhw vhIr vI srsw pwr kr igAw[ gurU swihb ny iek sO isMGW ƒ AwiKAw ik auh au~Qy ruk ky ip`Cy Aw rhIAW &OjW dw rwh f`kx[ hux iqMny jQy duSmx dI &Oj dw rwh rokx vwsqy fty hoey sn: BweI audY isMG SwhI it`bI ‟qy, BweI jIvn isMG ipMf J`KIAW kol Aqy qIjw jQw srsw ndI dy dUjy kMFy ‟qy sI[ cOQw jQw BweI bicqr isMG dw srsw pwr ky ropV v`l rvwnw ho cu`kw sI[ QoVHy icr ivc mwqw guujrI, do Coty swihbzwdy Aqy do syvwdwr dUr inkl ky cmkOr v`l cly gey sn Aqy gurU goibMd isMG swihb, BweI b^iSS isMG BweI gurb^SIS isMG Aqy kuJ hor swQI isMG kotlw inhMg ivc phuMc cu`ky sn[
ip`CoN Aw rhI phwVI &Oj ny pihlW qW BweI jIvn isMG dy jQy ‟qy hmlw kIqw[ ipMf J`KIAW ivc hoeI ies lMbI lVweI ivc BweI jIvn isMG rMGyrtw, bIbI iB`KW (bytI bjr isMG qy isMGxI BweI Awlm isMG „n`cxw‟) Aqy iek sO isMG ShId ho gey[
ies lVweI dw izkr „B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI‟ ‟c ieM\ imldw hY:
“jIvn isMG bytw AigAw kw, poqw du`ly kw…bwsI id`lI, mh`lw idlvwlI is`KW, sO is`KW ko gYl lY sMmq sqrW sY bwsT poK mwsy sudI dUj vIrvwr ky idhuM srsw ndI qy qIr rwjw Ajmyr cMd bytw BIm cMd kw…rwxy dI &Oj gYl ds GrI jUJ ky mrw[ Awgy gurU Bwxy kw KwivMd gurU kI giq gurU jwny[ gurU gurU jpnw jnm saurYgw[” (B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI)
dUjI lVweI SwhI it`bI ‟qy hoeI[ ies lVweI ivc BweI audY isMG Aqy pMjwh isMG ShId ho gey[ BweI audY isMG ny dsvyN pwqSwh vrgw joVw jwmw pihinAw hoieAw sI[ Ajmyr cMd ny BweI audY isMG ShId hoey vyK ky aus dy k`piVAW kr ky aus nUM gurU goibMd isMG swihb smJ ilAw Aqy aus dw isr ktvw ky ropV dy nvwb v`l Byj id`qw qy rOlw pw id`qw ik „AsIN gurU ƒ mwr ilAw hY[‟
ies lVweI ƒ „B`t vhI krisMDU‟ ieM\ ibAwn krdI hY :
“audY isMG bytw mnI isMG, poqw mweIdws kw, pVpoqw b`lU rwie kw cMdrbMsI
BwrduAwjI goqrw puAwr bMs, bINJy kw bMJrauq jlhwnW…sMmq sqrW sY bwsT poK mwsy idhuM swq gey vIrvwr ky idvs pcws is`KW ko gYl lY SwhI it`bI ky mlhwn, prgwnw BrQgV rwj kihlUr, AwD GrI idhuM inkly, rwjw Ajmyr cMd bytw BIm cMd kw, poqw dIp kw, pVpoqw qwrw cMd kw bMs kilAwn cMd kI cMdyl goqrw rwxy kI &Oj gYl bwrW GrI jUJ ky mrw [”
qIjw jQw BweI bicqr isMG dw rMGVW dI &Oj nwl mlkpur (audoN mlkpur rMGVW) ipMf dI jUh ivc iBV ipAw[ ie`Qy vI bVI zbrdsq lVweI hoeI[ ies lVweI ivc swry isMG ShId ho gey[ BweI bicqr isMG burI qrHW z^mI ho gey[ ip`Cy Aw rhy swihbzwdw AjIq isMG, BweI mdn isMG qy aunHW dy swQIAW ny BweI bicqr isMG ƒ z^mI pey hoey vyiKAw Aqy cu`k ky auQoN Cy iklomItr dUr ipMf kotlw inhMg ^wn lY Awey[
gurU goibMd isMG swihb pihloN hI ieQy hwizr sn[ ies mgroN BweI bic`qr isMG BweI inhMg Kwn dy Gr ivc hI rhy[ inhMg Kwn dI bytI bIbI mumqwj ny aunHW dI bVI syvw kIqI pr aunHW dy z^m eyny gihry sn ik auh bc nw sky[ Awp dI ShIdI 8 dsMbr 1705 dy idn hoeI[ Awp dw sskwr BweI grsw isMG ghUxIAW sYxI Aqy BweI b`gw isMG qrKwx ny rwqo-rwq kr id`qw[ ies qrHW BweI bic`qr isMG gurU Gr dI syvw krdy hoey ShIdI jwm pI gey[ BweI bic`qr isMG dI ShIdI dw izkr B`t vhI qlauNFw ivc ies qrHW AwauNdw hY:
“bicqr isMG bytw mnI isMG kw, poqw mweIdws kw, pVpoqw b`lU kw, cMdrbMsI BwrdvwjI goqr puAwr, bMs bINJy kw bMJrauq, jlHwnw, blauNq, gurU kw bcn pwie sMmq 1762 poK mwsy sudI dUj ko, mlkpur „rMGVW‟ ky mlHwn rMGVW ky hwQ sy Gwiel hoie poK mwsy sudI cauQ Sukrvwr ky idhuM fyF pihr rwq geI, kotlw inhMg myN suAws pUry hUey[ sudwgr kI pq gurU rwKI, ies kI bytI mumqwj kw sq rhw[”
(B`t vhI qlauNFw, prgnw jINd) ies bwry B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI ivc vI ieh ieMdrwj imldw hY:
“bicqr isMG bytw mnI isMG, poqw mweIdws kw…. gurU kw bcn pwie, swl sqrW sY bwsT, poK mwsy sudI dUj, vIrvwr ky idhuM, mlkpur ky mlHwn pRgnw ropr, rMGVW gYl juD myN Gwiel hoie, gwm kotlw pRgnw inhMg Kwn ky gRih rhw[ poK mwsy sudI cOQ, SnIvwr ky idvs, fyF pihr rYx geI, suAws pUry hoey[ inhMg Kwn kI pq gurU rwKI, eys kI bytI kw sq rhw [”
(B`t vhI mulqwnI isMDI) BweI inhMg KW dI ies bytI, jo b`sI pTwxW dy iek muslmwn jvwn nwl mMgI hoeI sI, ny Awpxy bwp vloN &Oj qoN bic`qr isMG ƒ bcwaux vwsqy boly JUT ƒ ielwhI hukm mMnidAW hoieAW bic`qr isMG ƒ Awpxw KwvMd (pqI) mMn ilAw Aqy bwkI dI rihMdI aumr BweI bic`qr isMG dI byvw (ivDvw) vjoN guzwr id`qI[ lok aus ƒ mweI mumqwz AwKx l`g pey sn[ mweI mumqwj dI kbr qy aus dI Xwd ivc bixAw gurduAwrw ipf bVI (kotlw inhMg ^wn qoN 15 iklomItr dUr iek phwVI „qy) ivc aus dI Xwdgwr vjoN mOjUd hY[
cmkOr dI lVweI
6-7 dsMbr dI rwq ny gurU swihb BweI inhMg ^wn dy Gr ibqweI[ phu-Pu`tx qoN pihlW gurU swihb auQoN inkl ky cmkOr v`l cl pey[ gurU swihb nUM musilm ielwky ivcoN lMGwaux Aqy cmkOr dw rsqw idKwaux vwsqy inhMg ^wn dw bytw Awlm ^wn gurU swihb nwl bUr mwjrw qk igAw[ ies mgroN kuJ isMG hor vI cmkOr vwsqy iek`ly-iek`ly cl pey[ 7 qwrI^ dI svyr q`k gurU swihb, do v`fy swihbzwdy Aqy 45 isMG cmkOr phuMc cu`ky sn[
gurU swihb, do swihbzwidAW Aqy 47 swQI isMGW ny cmkOr ivc BweI ibDI cMd rwvq (iek somw hor nW ilKdw hY) dI gVHI ivc fyrw lw ilAw [ do rwqW dy aunHINdy Aqy lMby pYdl s&r dI vjh kr ky ieh swry dy swry isMG Q`ky hoey sn [ ieh swry CyqI hI sON gey [
gurU swihb dy cmkOr pu`jx dI ^br iksy ny rUpV Qwxy ivc phuMcw id`qI[ aus vyly ropV ivc mlyrkotly dIAW 700 &OjW nvwb Syr muhMmd ^wn dy Coty Brw nwhr KW dI AgvweI ivc AnMdpur swihb „qy hmlw krn ivc ih`sw pwaux vwsqy vI pu`jIAW hoeIAW sn qy auh vI iek dm cmkOr v`l rvwnw ho geIAW[ Swm vyly swrIAW SwhI &OjW cmkOr pu`j geIAW[ &Oj dy Awaux bwry gurU swihb ƒ pihloN hI pqw l`g cu`kw sI [ aus vyly hwlwq Aijhy sn ik isMGW dw cmkOr qoN inkl jwxw Awswn nhIN sI [ ies krky gurU swihb ny qurk &Oj dw twkrw au~Qy hI krn dw &Yslw kIqw [ gurU swihb dy nwl isr& 47 isMG sn qy dUjy pwsy qurk &Oj v`fI igxqI ivc sI [ kuJ lyKkW ny ies &Oj dI igxqI 10 l`K ilKI hY, jo nwmumikn sI [ auN\ cmkOr swihb ivc 10 l`K bMdy Aw vI jwx qW svwl pYdw hovygw ik auh ikMny lMby cOVy mYdwn ivc KVy hoxgy ? dUjw, aus vyly ropV dy nvwb qy srhMd dy sUbydwr qW kI AOrMgzyb dI kul &Oj (mnsbdwrW Aqy mwmlw dyx vwly rwijAW dI &Oj sxy) do l`K vI nhIN sI [ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik bic`qr nwtk ivc l&z “ds lwK” dw mqlb igxqI d`sxw nhIN blik ieh kihxw hY ik bhuq izAwdw &Oj sI [
is`K BwvyN igxqI ivc 47 sn qy muZl &Oj dI igxqI bhuq izAwdw sI pr gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny cmkOr dI gVHI dI ivauNqbMdI bVy Swndwr qrIky nwl kIqI [ aunHW ny 8-8 isMG gVHI dIAW dIvwrW nwl KVy kr id`qy [ BweI Drm isMG qy BweI Awilm isMG n`cxw ƒ h`lw-SyrI dyx Aqy KVkw-dVkw krn vwsqy bIr-rsI bolW dI syvw b^SI geI [ BweI dXw isMG, mohkm isMG, swihb isMG, ihMMmq isMG qoN ielwvw dovyN swihbzwdy gurU swihb dI Fwl bx ky hwizr rhy [ gVHI dy drvwzy dI rwKI vwsqy BweI mdn isMG qy BweI kwTw isMG ƒ qwienwq kIqw igAw[ aunHW dy ip`Cy BweI Syr isMG qy BweI nwhr isMG KVy hoey [
SwhI &Oj ny gVHI ‟qy pu`jidAW hI iek dm hmlw kr id`qw [ hzwrW ispwhIAW dw hmlw rokx vwsqy isMGW ny iek dm qIrW dw mINh vrHw id`qw [ ies nwl qurk &Oj ny is`Dw hmlw krnw bMd kr id`qw [ kuJ icr rukx mgroN ropV dI &Oj dw muKI nwhr KW qIr kmwn PV ky A`gy viDAw [ auh mMinAw hoieAw XoDw sI qy aus ny XkInn do cwr is`K Awpxy qIrW nwl hI ShId kr dyxy sn [ ies g`l ƒ BWpdy hoey gurU swihb ny iek qIr is`Dw nwhr KW v`l clwieAw [ gurU jI dy qIr nwl nwhr KW QwieN hI FyrI ho igAw [ nwhr KW dy mrn nwl qurk &Oj dy hOsly tu`t gey qy auh ip`Cy ht geI [ pr aunHW ivcoN iek pTwx auQoN nw ihilAw [ aus joSIly pTwx ny vwr-vwr A`gy vD ky gVHI ‟qy hmlw kIqw [ aus au~qy clwey kuJ qIr byAsr rhy qy auh gVHI dy drvwzy q`k pu`j igAw [ drvwzy ‟qy BweI mdn isMG qy BweI kwTw isMG KVy sn [ aunHW dohW ny aus pTwx ‟qy keI vwr hmly kIqy pr, auh pTwx vI koeI mMinAw XoDw sI [ aus ny keI vwr bcwey qy aultw keI prqvyN vwr aunHW dohW ‟qy kIqy [ ies h`Qo-h`Q lVweI ivc auh pTwx vI mwirAw igAw Aqy BweI mdn isMG qy BweI kwTw isMG vI ShId ho gey [ ieh dovyN cmkOr dI gVHI dy pihly ShId sn[ cmkOr ivc ShId hox vwly 40 isMG ieh sn: 1.BweI ihMMmq isMG 2. BweI mohkm isMG 3. BweI swihb isMG (iqMn ipAwry) 4. BweI dyvw isMG 5. BweI rwm isMG 6. BweI tihl isMG 7. BweI eISr isMG 8. BweI &qih isMG (pMj mukqy) 9. BweI Ank isMG 10. BweI Ajb isMG 11. BweI Ajwieb isMG (BweI mnI isMG dy iqMn pu`qr) [ 12. BweI dwn isMG (BweI mnI isMG dw Brw) [ 13. BweI Awilm isMG n`cxw [ 14. BweI vIr isMG (aus dw Brw) 15. BweI mohr isMG 16. BweI Amolk isMG (BweI Awilm isMG n`cxw dy do pu`qr) [ 17. BweI mdn isMG 18. BweI kwTw isMG 19. BweI nwhr isMG 20. BweI Syr isMG 21. BweI ikrpw isMG d`q qy aus dw Brw 22. BweI snmuK isMG 23. BweI nwƒ isMG idlvwlI 24. BweI bKiSS isMG 25. BweI gurbKSIS isMG 26. BweI mukMd isMG 27. BweI mukMd isMG (dUjw) 28. BweI ^zwn isMG 29. BweI lwl isMG 30. BweI jvwhr isMG 31. BweI kIrq isMG 32. BweI Swm isMG 33. BweI hukm isMG 34. BweI kysrw isMG 35. BweI DMnw isMG 36. BweI su`Kw isMG 37. BweI bu`Fw isMG 38. BweI AnMd isMG 39. BweI sMq isMG bMgySrI 40. BweI sMgq isMG AroVw (Aw^rI dovyN 8 dsMbr dI svyr nUM ShId hoey sn)[ rwq ƒ nbI ^wn Aqy ZnI ^wn gurU swihb ƒ au~QoN k`F ky lY gey[ cmkOr qoN gurU swihb mwCIvwVw pu`jy[ kuJ lyKkW ny cmkOr dy cwlHI mukiqAW ivc hor nW id`qy hn [ ienHW ivc BweI sMqoK isMG, igAwnI igAwn isMG, BweI sumyr isMG qy BweI kwnH isMG nwBw hn [ pr B`t vhIAW dy sbUqW ƒ swhmxy r`iKAw ieh sUcIAW shI swibq nhIN huMdIAW [
7 qy 8 dsMbr 1705 dI rwq q`k cmkOr dI gVHI ivc hwizr 45 isMGW qy do swihbzwidAW ivcoN dovyN v`fy swihbzwdy Aqy (iqMn ipAwirAW, BweI ihMmq isMG, BweI swihb isMG, BweI mohkm isMG smyq) 38 isMG ShId ho cuky sn; qy isr& s`q is`K hI bcy sn: BweI dXw isMG, BweI Drm isMG, BweI dXw isMG purohq, BweI mwn isMG inSwncI, BweI rwm isMG (pu`qr BweI bicqr isMG qy poqw BweI mnI isMG), BweI sMq isMG bMgySrI qy BweI sMgq isMG CwbVw[rwq ƒ nbI ^wn Aqy ZnI ^wn gurU swihb ƒ au~QoN k`F ky lY gey[ cmkOr qoN gurU swihb mwCIvwVw pu`jy[
ies Gyry, lVweI Aqy ShIdIAW dI ^br kot pTwxW (kotlw inhMg ^wn) dy BweI inhMg Kwn dI BYx bIbI aumrI dy GrW q`k phuMc cu`kI sI[ bIbI aumrI dy pu`qr BweI nbI Kwn qy ZnI Kwn dovyN Brw ropV dy nvwb mlyrIey pTwx dI &Oj dy ispwhI sn[ ieh dovyN Brw mwCIvwVy dy rihx vwly sn[ aunHW ny A`DI rwq vyly gVHI dy iek pwsy qoN gurU swihb nUM &OjI vrdI phuMcweI ijs nUM pihx ky gurU swihb au~QoN inkly Aqy mwCIvwVw nUM cl pey[ bwkI dy pMj is`K iek-iek kr ky gVHI dy ipCly pwsy qoN auqr ky inkl pey[ ip`Cy isr& do is`K, sMq isMG AroVw qy sMgq isMG bMgySrI hI rih gey[ ieh sMgq isMG CwbVw, AroVw is`K sI, nw ik dilq, ijhw ik ip`Cy ijhy iksy ilKwrI ny Zlq ilK idqw hY)[
gurU swihb dy nwl cmkOr dI gVHI ‟coN inklx vwly pMj isMG sn: BweI dXw isMG, BweI Drm isMG (dovyN ipAwry), BweI dXw isMG purohq, BweI mwn isMG inSwncI Aqy BweI rwm isMG prmwr[ gurU swihb cmkOr qoN inkl ky BweI nbI ^wn qy ZnI ^wn nwl (22 iklomItr dUr) aunHW dy ngr mwCIvwVw pu`jyy[
mwqw gujrI qy do in`ky swihbzwdy
mwqw gujrI qy do in`ky swihbzwdy, BweI du`nw isMG qy bIbI suiB`KI srsw ndI qoN cl ky is`Dy cmkOr phuMc gey[ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik swirAW ny cmkOr ivc iek`Ty hox dw &Yslw kIqw hoxw hY[ cmkOr ivc mwqw jI qy do swihbzwidAW nUM shyVI ipMf dy DuMmw qy drbwrI, jo kdy ies ielwky dy msMd huMdy hn, Awpxy nwl Awpxy ipMf lY gey qy BweI du`nw isMG qy bIbI suiB`KI Awpxy GrIN cly gey (cmkOr qoN shyVI qkrIbn 18 iklomItr hY)[
rwq vyly msMdW ny mwqw jI dI sony dIAW muhrW vwlI QYlI corI kr leI[ AglI svyr 7 dsMbr dy idn jd mwqw jI ny svyry auT ky QYlI corI hox dI g`l kIqI qW msMd aultw AOKy ho pey qy aunHW ny mwqw jI qy swihbzwidAW dy au¤Qy hox bwry ieqlwh moirMfw Qwxy (jo auQoN swFy iqMn iklomItr hY) Byj id`qI[ ikauNik is`K irvwieq muqwibk gMgU ny swihbzwidAW nUM PVvwieAw ikhw jWdw hY, ho skdw hY ik gMgU bRwhmx msMdW dw rsoeIAw hovy[ ausy idn moirMfw qoN ispwhI shyVI pu`j gey Aqy mwqw jI qy swihbzwidAW nUM PV ky lY gey[ iek irvwieq muqwibk swihbzwidAW nUM borIAW ivc pw ky GoiVAW „qy l`idAw igAw sI[ 8 dsMbr dI rwq aunHW ny moirMfw Qwxy ivcly kYdKwny ivc k`tI[ AglI svyr aunHW nUM srhMd iljwieAw igAw qy ieQoN dy sUbydwr vzIr ^wn kol pyS kIqw igAw[ vzIr ^wn ny aunHW nUM srhMd dy iklHy dy burj ivc kYd kr id`qw[ ieh burj cOhW pwisAW qoN KulHw sI Aqy dsMbr dIAw TMfIAW hvwvW nwl bMdy nUM auN\ hI A`Dw kU murdw kr dyNdw hY[ (mgroN gurduAwry dI iemwrq bxwaux vwilAW ny ies nUM FuAw ky ies dI qvwrI^ dI inSwnI vI ^qm kr id`qI[
in`ky swihbzwidAW qy mwqw jI dI ShIdI
9 dsMbr nUM jd b`icAW nUM vzIr ^wn kol pyS kIqw igAw qW aus ny b`icAW nUM muslmwn bxwaun vwsqy lwlc id`qy, Aqy, Drm nw C`fx dI sUrq ivc ShId krn dI DmkI vI id`qI[ mwqw gujrI dI god ivc ply, ShId dwdy gurU qyZ bhwdr dy poqy, Drm C`fxw ikvyN kbUl kr skdy sn! aus ny aunHW nUM do idn socx dw smW vI id`qw[ A^Ir 12 dsMbr dy idn vzIr ^wn ny aunHW nUM kwzI koloN muslmwn bx jwx dI sUrq ivc irhw krn dI pySkS krvweI[ pr aunHW v`loN nWh krn „qy aunHW nUM ^qm krn dw hukm jwrI kr id`qw[
Awm qOr ‟qy ieh prcwr kIqw jWdw irhw hY jdoN gurU goibMd isMG swihb dy in`ky swihbzwidAW ƒ srhMd dy nvwb vzIr ^wn ny kql krn vwsqy hukm id`qw qW mlyrkotly dy pTwn hwkm Syr muhMmd ^wn ny AKOqI “hwA” dw nwArw mwirAw sI[ drAsl aus ny koeI “hwA” dw nwArw nhIN sI mwirAw sI[ Gtnw ieM\ sI: jd vzIr ^wn ny swihbzwidAW nUM kql krn dw hukm id`qw qW aus ny nvwb mlyrkotlw nUM ikhw ik “qyry Brw nUM gurU goibMd isMG ny cmkOr dI lVweI ivc mwirAw sI; hux ieh qyry hvwly kr dyNdw hW qUM ienHW nUM mwr ky Awpxy Brw dy mwrn dw bdlw lY lY[” ies „qy Syr muhMmd ^wn ny isr& eynw hI ikhw sI: “mYN Awpxw bdlw duSmx dy mwsUm b`icAW qoN nhIN blik aus (gurU) qoN hI lvWgw[” cyqy rhy ik swihbzwidAW dy kql dy hukm dI aus ny koeI mu^wl&q nhIN kIqI sI; aus ny qW Awpxy Brw dy gurU jI dy h`QoN mwry jwx bdlw b`icAW qoN lYxw mnzUr nhIN kIqw sI[ Syr muhMmd ^wn dI ieh g`l sux ky vzIr ^wn nUM vI Srm AweI[ aus nUM vI Aihsws hoieAw ik gurU dy mwsUm b`icAW dw koeI ksUr nhIN hY qy aus ny aunHW nUM C`f dyx dw hukm dy id`qw[ ies smyN vzIr ^wn dw dIvwn su`cw nMd vI hwizr sI[ aus ny vzIr ^wn nUM b`icAW nUM Cf dyx qoN vrijAw qy ikhw ik „ieh s`p dy b`cy hn qy s`p dy b`cy v`fy ho ky vI s`p hI bxngy; ienHW nUM ^qm krnw hI byhqr hY[‟ ies „qy vzIr ^wn ny swihbzwidAW nUM dIvwr ivc icx dyx dw hukm dy id`qw[
12 dsMbr 19705 dy idn dohW b`icAW nUM nIhW ivc icx id`qw igAw[ pr CyqI hI dIvwr F“T geI qy b`cy if`g pey[ auh Ajy ijaUNdy sn[ aus vyly qk vzIr ^wn auQoN jw cukw sI[ jd aus nUM ies dI ^br id`qI geI qW aus ny ienHW dohW dIAW grdnW k`t dyx dw hukm dy id`qw[
iesy idn hI mwqw gujrI vI cVHweI kr gey[[ ieh prcwr kIqw jWdw hY ik b`icAW dI mOq dI ^br sux ky mwqw jI ny hIrw c`t ilAw qy iek hor crcw muqwibk mwqw jI ny burj qoN ClWg mwr id`qI sI (Xwin ik ^udkuSI kr leI sI)[ ieh dovyN g`lW Zlq hn[ pihlI g`l qW ieh ik aunHW kol hIrw ik`Qo Aw igAw[ dUjw mwqw jI ^udkuSI krn vwilAW ivcoN nhIN sn[ jy mwqw jI eyny kmzor idl vwly qy r`b dw Bwxw nw mMnx vwly huMdy qW Awpxy pqI dI ShIdI mgroN hI hIrw c`t lYNdy jW swh C`f jWdy[ mwqw gujrI qW Akwl purK dw Bwxw mMnx vwlI mhwn AOrq sn[ Aijhw jwpdw hY ik mwqw gujrI jo ipCly cwr idn qoN TMfy burj ivc kYd sn qy srdIAW dI XK TMfI hvw ivc ibnw iksy kpVy qoN rih rhy hox Aqy Bu`Kx Bwxy hox kr ky burI qrHW inFwl qy qkrIbn byhoS ijhy ho cuky hoxgy[ ijhVy zwlm mwsUm b`icAW nUM nIhW ivc icx skdy hn qy aunHW dIAW grdnW v`F skdy hn, XkInn aunHW mwqw jI nUM vI qS`dd kr ky burj qoN hyTW sut ky ShId kr id`qw hovygw[
(mlyrkotly dy nvwb Syr muhMmd ^wn dI Asl khwxI: jd vzIr ^wn ny nvwb mlyrkotlw nUM ikhw ik swihbzwidAW nUM mwr ky Awpxy Brw dy mwrn dw bdlw lY lY qW Syr muhMmd ^wn ny isr& eynw hI ikhw sI ik mYN Awpxw bdlw duSmx dy mwsUm b`cy qoN nhIN blik aus (gurU) qoN hI lvWgw[ pr, jd srhMd dy nvwb ny b`icAW nUM dIvwr ivc icxn dw hukm id`qw Aqy dIvwr if`gx mgroN j`lwd h`QoN kql krvwieAw qW Syr muhMmd ^wn ny koeI ivroD nhIN kIqw sI[ drAsl, Syr muhMmd ^wn is`KW dw koeI hmdrd nhIN sI blik k`tV duSmx sI[ aus ny Aqy aus dy BrwvW, pu`qrW qy BqIijAW ny vwr-vwr gurU goibMd isMG jI Aqy is`KW ‟qy hmly kIqy sn[ 12 AkUqbr 1700 nUM inrmohgVH, 7-8 dsMbr 1705 nUM cmkOr, 9-10 meI 1710 dy idn mJYl isMGW ‟qy bihlolpur ivc Aqy 12 meI 1710 dy idn c`pV-icVI ivc vI aus ny zbrdsq t`kr leI sI Aqy srhMd dy sUbydwr vzIr ^wn dy hr hukm ‟qy Pul cVHwauNidAW is`KW ‟qy Akwrx hI hmly kIqy sn[ ienHW lVweIAW ivc auh Awp, aus dy iqMn Brw Aqy do BqIjy mwry gey sn[ ies kr ky isKW ƒ mlyrkotlw dy pTwx hwkm vI bhuq cuBdy sn Aqy auh aus ƒ vI szw dyxw cwhuMdy sn[ srhMd ij`qx qoN bwAd is`K &OjW ny mlyrkotlw vl kUc kr idqw[ jdoN mlyrIAW ƒ pqw lgw ik is`K &OjW mlyrkotlw vl Aw rhIAW hn qW au~QoN dw iek SwhUkwr ikSn cMd bwbw bMdw isMG ƒ imlx pu`jw[ ikSn cMd bMdw isMG ƒ pihlW qoN hI jwxdw sI[ aus ny bMdw isMG ƒ Arz kIqI ik mlyrkotlw ƒ b^S idqw jwvy[ aus ny SihrIAW dI qr&oN coKI v`fI rkm bMdw isMG ƒ pyS kr ky Sihr ƒ lu`ty jwx qoN bcw ilAw[ jy kr ikSn cMd bMdw isMG A`gy &irAwdI nw huMdw qW mlyrkotlw vI qbwh ho jwxw sI[ ies qoN mgroN vI mlyrkotly dy hwkmW ny Aihmd Swh durwnI nwl rl ky 1762 dy G`lUGwry qk is`KW dy i^lw& hr muihMm ivc ih`sw ilAw sI)[
swihbzwidAW Aqy mwqw gujrI dw sskwr qy tofr m`l
13 dsMbr 1705 dy idn ShId mwqw gujrI Aqy dohW in`ky swihbzwidAW dw sskwr srhMd iklHy dy ipCly pwsy Aqy Awm-^ws bwZ qoN pihlW (ij`Qy hux gurduAwrw joqI srUp hY) kIqw igAw sI[ ieh sskwr srhMd ivc rih rhy swbkw dIvwn tofr m`l dy prvwr ny kIqw sI[ ieh Awm pRcwr kIqw jWdw hY ik sskwr dIvwn tofr m`l ny kIqw sI qy sskwr krn vwsqy aus ny sony dIAW muhrW KVHIAW kr ky jgh leI sI[ ieh khwxI tofr m`l prvwr gurU jI dw SrDwlU jW is`KW dw hmdrd swibq krn vwsqy jW dIvwn tofr m`l dI Swn bxwaux vwsqy bxweI geI jwpdI hY[ dIvwn tofr m`l 1665-66 ivc, ies Gtnw qoN 40 swl pihlW, mr cukw sI[ so ieh sskwr aus dy pu`qr jW poqy ny kIqw hovygw[ (dIvwn tofr m`l prvwr dI Xwdgwr, jhwzI hvylI, A`j vI purwxy srhMd, hux &qihgVH swihb ivc, tu`tI hwlq ivc, mOjUd hY)[ ies ivc koeI S`k nhIN ik aunHW dw sskwr krn vwsqy tofr m`l prvwr qoN isvw koeI hor jxw A`gy nhIN AwieAw hovygw, hwlW ik srhMd ivc sUd ibrwdrI dy hzwrW ihMdU rihMdy sn[ sony dIAW muhrW vwlI g`l vI shI nhIN ho skdI ikauNik tofr m`l prvwr bhuq AmIr sI qy aunHW kol byihswb dOlq Aqy zmIn sI, ij`Qy auh sskwr kr skdy sn[ pr, ies ivc koeI S`k nhIN ik sskwr krn dI syvw Akwl purK ny aunHW dy h`QoN leI sI[
tofr m`l kOx sI?: muZlIAw qvwrI^ ivc do tofr m`l hoey hn[iek tofr m`l bwdSwh Akbr dw kwbl vzIr sI; aus dI mOq 8 nvMbr 1589 dy idn hoeI sI[ dUjw, ieh srhMd vwlw tofr m`l jo bwdSwh Swhjhwn dy zmwny ivc hoieAw sI; ies nUM „tofr m`l SwhjhwnI‟ vI ikhw jWdw hY[ bwdSwh ny ies nUM „rwey‟ dw i^qwb id`qw hoieAw sI[ ies kol pihlW 100 GoVsvwr Aqy 200 ipAwdw &Oj r`Kx dw h`k sI, jo vDdw vDdw 1648 ivc 2000 GoVsvwr qy 4000 ipAwdw ispwhIAW dw ho igAw sI[ iesy swl aus nUM „rwjw‟ dw i^qwb vI imilAw sI jo swrI muZlIAw qvwrI^ ivc isr& kuJ hI ZYr-muslmwnW nUM hI imilAw sI qy pMjwb ivc isr& ies tofr m`l nUM hI imilAw sI[ 1650 ivc ies tofr m`l dy inzwm hyT srhMd hI nhIN blik dIpwlpur, jlMDr qy sulqwnpur dy sUby vI sn[ ienHW dI Awmdn ivcoN 50 l`K tky swlwnw aus nUM Awpxy vwsqy imldy sn[ auh ijs mhl ivc rihMdw sI aus dw nW jhwzI hvylI sI ikauN ik aus dI Skl smuMdrI jhwz vrgI sI[ ies dI mOq 1665-66 ivc hoeI sI[ (mAwsr-aul-aumrw, ijld dUjI, s&y 286-87)[
moqI rwm mihrw
kuJ kvIAW ny swihbzwidAW dI ShIdI dy sbMD ivc iek moqI rwm mihrw dw izkr vI kIqw hY[ ies pRsMg muqwibk moqI rwm corI-corI burj „qy cVH ky swihbzwidAW Aqy mwqw jI nUM du`D ipAwieAw krdw sI[ pihlI g`l qW ieh hY ik AYny s^q pihry ivc iksy dw duD dI bwltI jW lotw lY ky corI iklHy dI C`q „qy cVH jwxw nwmumikn hY; ^ws kr ky swihbzwidAW qk phuMc skxw, ijnHW vwsqy XkInn ^ws pihrw hovygw[ iklHy dy iqMn pwsy KweI sI qy isr& iek rsqy, muK gyt, v`loN hI AMdr jwieAw jw skdw sI[ iksy cOkIdwr dy rihm sdkw ieh g`l mumikn qW ho skdI hY[ jy Aijhw hoieAw huMdw qW cOkIdwr dw izkr vI hoxw sI[ drAsl ieh iksy kvI dI klpnw sI ijs nUM qvwrI^ bxwaux dI koiSS kIqI geI hY[ iksy vI purwxy qvwrI^I somy ivc ies S^s dw zrw-mwsw vI izkr nhIN hY[
gurU swihb dw dInw-kWgV jwxw qy z&rnwmw
gurU goibMd isMG 8 dsMbr 1705 dy idn mwCIvwVw pu`jy sn[ auQy aunHW dw pihlw pVwA BweI pMjwby dw bwZ sI[ rwq vyly auh BweI jIvn isMG dy Gr cly gey sn[ auDr cmkOr dI gVHI ivcoN inkly bwkI is`K AwlmgIr qy dInw kWgV v`l rvwnw ho cuky sn[ iqMn idn mwCIvwVw ivc BweI jIvn isMG dy Gr ivc rihx mgroN 11 dsMbr 1705 dy idn gurU swihb muslmwnW dy pIrW vwly hry rMg dy (muslmwn ienHW hry kpiVAW nUM nIl-bsqr kihMdy sn; nIl dw l&zI mwAnw hY „rMgdwr‟) pihx ky Ajnyr dy kwzI crwZ dIn qy cwr hor muslmwn murIdW (ienwieq AlI nUrpur, kwzI pIr muhMmd sloh, subyg Swh hlvwrw Aqy hsn AlI moTU mwjrw) nwl mwCIvwVw qoN dInw kWgV v`l c`l pey[ aunHW ny is`Dw rsqw nhIN ilAw blik ivcoN-iv`coN huMdy hoey gVHI qrKwxW, GuMGrwlI, mwnUMpur qy BVI ivcoN lMGdy Awp (28 iklomItr dUr) Ajnyr pu`jy qy kwzI crwg Swh dy mihmwn bxy[ Aglw idn Awp Ajnyr ipMf ivc hI rhy qy 13 dsMbr nUM A`gy cl pey[ ies vwr vI is`Dy rsqy pYx dI bjwie ivcoN-iv`coN huMdy hoey mlkpur, l`l (hux l`l klW), ktwxI (hux ktwxI klW), rwmpur huMdy (31 iklomItr dUr) dorwhw pu`jy Aqy rwq auQy srW ivc ibqweI (ies srW dy iek isry „qy gurU jI dI Xwd ivc gurduAwrw bixAw hoieAw hY)[ ieQoN cl ky Awp knyc qy hor ipMfW ivcoN huMdy hoey 14 dsMbr dy idn (20 iklomItr dUr) AwlmgIr pu`jy[ iek rwq ieQy rihx mgroN (20 iklomItr dUr) mohI ipMf v`l cly gey[ 15 dsMbr dI rwq mohI ivc rihx mgroN Awp 16 dsMbr nUM (13 iklomItr dUr) hyrW ipMf jw pu`jy[ ie`QoN cl ky 17 dsMbr dI rwq (12 iklomItr dUr) lMmy jtpury ibqweI ij`Qy rweypur dw nvwb rwey klHw Awp nUM imlx AwieAw[ aus ny Awpxy swQI nUrw mwhI nUM srhMd Byj ky mwqw gujrI Aqy b`icAW dI shIdI Aqy tofr m`l pRvwr v`loN aunHW dw sskwr kIqy jwx dI ^br dI qsdIk krvweI[ do rwq ieQy rihx mgroN ieQoN cl ky gurU jI 19 dsMbr dy idn (24 iklomItr dUr) q^qUpurw pu`jy[ie`Qy Awp ny Awp dy nwl Awey pMj muslmwn murIdW dw SukrIAw Adw kIqw Aqy aunHW ƒ Alivdw AwKI Aqy Awp GoVy ‟qy svwr ho ky A`gy cl pey[ iPr Awp mDyA huMdy hoey (13 iklomItr dUr) BdOV pu`jy[ 20 dsMbr dI rwq auQy ibqwaux mgroN qoN 21 dsMbr dy idn (11 iklomItr dUr) dInw ipMf ivc jw Tihry[
Agly idn dInw-kWgV ivc bYT ky 22 dsMbr 1705 dy idn AOrMgzyb dy nW iek ^q iliKAw (ijs jgh gurU jI ny ^q iliKAw sI, hux aus jgh idAwlpurw BweIkw ipMf vs cukw hY)[ gurU swihb ny ieh ^q do ipAwirAW BweI dXw isMG BweI Drm isMG ƒ dy ky AOrMgzyb q`k phuMcwaux vwsqy AOrMgwbwd v`l Byj id`qw[ ^q ilKx dw kwrn: „gurU kIAW swKIAW‟ muqwibk gurU jI nUM AnMdpur ivc 4 dsMbr dy idn AOrMgzyb dw iliKAw iek ^q imilAw sI ijs ivc ikhw igAw sI ik mYN kWgV ipMf ivc phuMcx vwlw hW qusIN vI AnMdpur KwlI kr ky auQy Aw jwE qy glbwq krWgy[ drAsl ieh ^q jwAlI sI Aqy ies nUM smwxy dy iek pTwx ny AOrMgzyb dy nW „qy iliKAw sI[ jd gurU jI dInw kWgV pu`jy qW AOrMgzyb auQy nhIN sI ikauN ik ^q jwAlI sI, pr gurU jI nUM Ajy vI nhIN pqw sI ik ^q jwAlI sI ies kr ky aunHW ny AOrMgzyb nUM ieh ^q iliKAw sI[
(kuJ lok z&rnwmw nW dI &wrsI kivqw nUM guru jI dw auh ^q kih dyNdy hn ijhVw aunHW ny AOrMgzyb nUM iliKAw sI[ drAsl ieh kivqw guru jI dI ilKI hoeI nhIN qy bwkI AKOqI dsmgRMQ vWg nklI hY[ jy mMn vI leIey ik ieh ^q auhI hY qW do svwl auTdy hn ik ieh ^q vwips ikvyN pu`j igAw jW guru jI ny ies dI &oto kwpI jW hQ ilKq auqwrw irkwrf vjoN r`K ilAw sI (qy h`Q ilKq r`KI sI qW aus dw Asl ik`Qy hy?)[dUjw jy ieh auhI ^q huMdw qW AOrMgzyb ies nUM pVH ky lwhor Aqy srhMd dy nvwbW nUM do ^q ilK ky gurU jI nUM ih&wzq nwl AOrMgwbwd phuMcwaux ivc mdd krn vwsqy nw ilKdw sgoN, ijvyN aus dw suBwA sI, auh sgoN gu`sy ivc AwauNdw)[
iKdrwxy dI Fwb (mukqsr) dI lVweI
25 dsMbr 1705 dy idn gurU jI dInw-kWgV qoN qlvMfI swbo v`l cl pey[ dInw-kWgV qoN cl ky (17 iklomItr dUr) Bgqw (hux Bgqw BweI kw), (ie`QoN 29 iklomItr dUr) srwvW ivc pVwA krdy hoey (eyQoN 6 iklomItr dUr) iFlvW (hux iFlvw klW) pu`jy[ ies vyly q`k Awp nwl kw&I is`K ho cu`ky sn[ ienHW ivcoN iqMn gurU swihb dy nwl cmkOr qoN Awey sn Aqy kuJ dInw vZYrw qoN rly sn[ iFlvW ivc rwq rihx mgroN Awp sunIAwr ipMf qy iPr kotkpUrw gey[ ie`Qy kpUrw isMG ny Awp nUM AwpxI BYx kol qlvMfI swbo jwx vwsqy slwh id`qI (mgroN kvI sMqoK isMG ny kpUr isMG dy i^lw& JUTIAW g`lW ilK ky aus nUM bdnwm krn dI koiSS kIqI sI)[ qlvMfI swbo jWidAW Awp 28 dsMbr dI rwq jYqo ivc ruky[
29 dsMbr 1705 dy idn Awp jYqoN rwmyAwxw huMdy hoey (rwmyAwxw qoN 27 iklomItr dUr) ipMf rupwxw dI rohI kol pu`jy qW mwJy qoN Aw irhw is`KW dw iek j`Qw Awp ƒ iml igAw[ (ies QW ‟qy A`j kl ipMf mlHx soFIAW vs cu`kw hY) ieh is`K p`tI (audoN izlHw lwhOr, hux izlHw AMimRqsr) Aqy Jbwl dy ielwky ‟coN Awey sn[
aunHIN idnIN p`tI ivc BweI dys rwj vVYc dI mOq dy sbMD ivc pwey gey Bog dy mOky ‟qy aus ielwky dy bhuq swry is`K pu`jy sn[ ies smyN iksy ny au~Qy hwzr sMgqW
A^Ir Awps ivc ivcwr kr ky BweI Bwg isMG Jbwl, BweI sulqwn isMG vVYc, BweI inDwn isMG vVYc (pqI mweI Bwg kOr), 37 hor isMG Aqy mweI Bwg kOr gurU swihb ƒ imlx vwsqy mwlvy vl cl pey[ ieh swry isMG gurU swihb dI Bwl ivc, p`tI qoN cl ky, mKU qy zIrw qoN huMdy hoey, dInw-kWgV jwx vwsqy mogw vl cly gey[ mogw dy nyVy aunHW ƒ pqw l`gw ik gurU swihb dInw-kWgV qoN qlvMfI swbo v`l cl c`uky hn qy aus vyly rwmyAwxw qoN rUpwxw dy rsqy ivc sn[ ies mgroN ienHW cwlI isMGW qy mweI Bwg kOr ny rUpyAwxw vl mUMh kr ilAw[ rUpwxw ipMf dI rohI ivc (ij`Qy hux ipMf mlHx soFIAW hY) gurU swihb qy ies jQy dw myl ho igAw[ gurU swihb aunHW ƒ AwauNidAW vyK ky au~Qy hI ruk gey Aqy cwdrW ivCw ky bYT gey[ Bwg isMG ny gurU jI nwl mwqw jI, cOhW swihbzwidAW Aqy swry isMGW dIAW ShIdIAW bwry rsmI „mwqm-pursI‟ kIqI[ gurU swihb ny aunHW ƒ smJwieAw ik ieh sB vwihgurU dI lIlHw hY[ mrnw jW ShId hoxw duK jW A&sos vwlI g`l nhIN huMdI[ swƒ hr hwlq ivc vwihgurU dw Sukrwnw krnw cwhIdw hY[
kuJ icr mgroN cODrI Bwg isMG JbwlIey ny gurU swihb ƒ AwiKAw ik “myrI lwhOr dy sUbydwr nwl kw&I nyVqw hY Aqy mYN sUbydwr jW iksy hor rsUK vwly drbwrI rwhIN id`lI srkwr nwl quhwfw smJOqw krvw dyNdw hW[” aus dI g`l sux ky gurU swihb ny jvwb id`qw: “qusIN hux srkwr nwl smJOqy dI g`l krdy ho! qusIN jW quhwfy vfyry audoN ik`Qy sn jdoN pMjvyN gurU ShId kIqy gey sn, jdoN CyvyN gurU nUM gvwlIAr dy iklHy ivc kYd riKAw sI, jdoN nOvyN gurU ƒ id`lI ivc iljw ky ShId kIqw sI[ aus vyly qW iksy is`K ny nW nhIN sI ilAw[ iPr AnMdpur swihb nUM keI mhIny Gyrw ipAw irhw qW vI qusIN nhIN Awey[ qusIN hux kI lYx Awey ho? quhwƒ AijhIAW g`lW krn ligAW sMg nhIN AwauNdI?” gurU swihb dw jvwb sux ky Bwg isMG AwKx l`gw: jy qusIN ieM\ hI rihxw hY qW quhwfI-swfI inB nhIN skdI[ swQoN ieho ijhI is`KI nhIN inBxI[ iPr AsIN vwips cly jWdy hW[ gurU jI Bwg isMG dy bol sux ky AwiKAw: AsIN quhwƒ mdd vwsqy qW nhIN bulwieAw[ qusIN Awpy hI Awey ho[ pr, jy quhwfy qoN is`KI nhIN inB skdI qW TIk hY! lE, kwZz qy ilK idE ik swfw ielwkw A`j qoN gurU dw is`K nhIN irhw[ gurU swihb dy bol sux ky BweI mwn isMG inSwncI ny kwZz, klm qy dvwq k`F ky Bwg isMG dy A`gy r`K id`qI[ ieh dyK ky, joS qy aubwl ivc Awey, cODrI Bwg isMG ny kwZz ‟qy bydwvw ilK id`qw qy hyTW Awpxy dsq^q kr id`qy[ ies mgroN idlbwg isMG, Grbwrw isMG, gMfw isMG ny vI dsq^q kr id`qy pr bwkI isMGW ny dsq^q nhIN kIqy[
Ajy ieh g`lW cl hI rhIAW sn ik iek sUhIey is`K ny ^br ilAw id`qI ik srhMd dI &Oj ies ielwky dy nyVy hI Aw pu`jI hY[ ies ‟qy gurU swihb ny isMGW ƒ GoiVAW ‟qy svwr ho ky A`gy kUc krn dw hukm id`qw[ gurU swihb ny JbwlIAW dw bydwvw jybH ivc pwieAw Aqy swQI isMGW ƒ nwl lY ky auQoN cly gey[
gurU swihb dy jwx mgroN mweI Bwg kOr, jo Bwg isMG qy idlbwg isMG dI v`fI BYx sI Aqy inDwn isMG vVYc dI Gr vwlI sI, ny ienHW cwlI isMGW v`l mUMh kr ky AwiKAw: “Ajy qW dunI cMd DwlIvwl Aqy aus dy swQI cwr-pMj mJYl isMGW v`loN AnMdgVH iklHy ‟coN r`sw bMnH ky B`jx dw klMk swfy m`Qy qoN nhIN l`Qw[ A`j AsIN gu`sy ivc Aw ky gurU swihb ƒ bydwvw ilK id`qw hY[ hux AsIN ikhVw mUMh lY ky vwips vqnW ƒ jwvWgy[ quhwƒ Gr igAW ƒ Gr-vwlIAW kI AwKxgIAW ik siqgurW dy ikho ijhy drSn kr ky Awey ho? lok lwAnqW pwauxgy[ ikhVw mUMh lY ky bwhr iProgy? au~To Syro! hMBlw mwro! gurU jI b^iSMd hn[ auh zrUr muAw& kr dyxgy[ clo clIey[” ieh AwK ky mweI Bwg kOr ny p`lU PyirAw[ mweI dy bolW ny aus dy in`ky vIr Bwg isMG ƒ vI tuMb hI ilAw Aqy aus ny vI bwkIAW ƒ gurU jI dy ip`Cy jwx vwsqy AwiKAw[ swry is`K jYkwrw C`f ky ausy pwsy vl cl pey ijDr gurU swihb gey sn[
mweI Bwg kOr Aqy cwlHI isMG cldy-cldy (rUpwnw qoN 8 iklomItr dUr) iKdrwxy dI Fwb dy kMFy ‟qy pwxI pIx vwsqy ruky[ ies vyly gurU swihb Fwb lMG ky nyVy dI iek it`bI kol pu`j cuky sn[ (ieh auhI QW hY ij~Qy gurduAwrw it`bI swihb bixAw hoieAw hY)[ Fwb vwlI QW ‟qy gurduAwrw drbwr swihb, qMbU swihb Aqy AMgITw swihb bxy hoey hn)[
kuJ hI icr mgroN srhMd dI &Oj vI au~Qy Aw pu`jI[ ieh vI crcw sI ik srhMd dw sUbydwr vzIr Kwn ^ud Awp &Oj dI AgvweI kr irhw sI[ cwlHI is`KW nUM vyK ky muZl &Oj ny smiJAw ik gurU goibMd isMG swihb vI ienHW ivc Swiml hn, ies kr ky aunHW ny aunHW ‟qy hmlw kr id`qw[[ vyKidAW-vyKidAW hI dohW pwisAW qoN golIAW Aqy qIrW dw mINh pYxw SurU ho igAw[ pOxy GMty (2 GVIAW) mgroN jdoN is`KW kol qIr qy golIAW muk geIAW qW aunHW ny ikrpwnW DUh leIAW Aqy duSmx dI &Oj ‟qy tu`t pey[ dohIN qr&IN lohy nwl lohw KVikAw[ cwlHI is`KW Aqy mweI Bwgo ny srhMdI &Oj dI AijhI v`F-t`uk kIqI ik aunHW ƒ AlHw cyqy krvw id`qw[ ieh lVweI kw&I dyr q`k cldI rhI[ dohW iDrW ny koeI ksr nw C`fI[ A^Ir sYNkVy muZl ispwhIAW ƒ mwrn mgroN sYNqI isMG ShId ho gey Aqy bwkI dy iqMn isMG qy mweI Bwg kOr burI qrHW z^mI ho gey[ ieh cwry vI z^mI hox mgroN bysurq ijhy ho ky if`g cuky sn[
jdoN vzIr Kwn ny vyiKAw ik swry is`K ^qm ho cuky hn qy koeI lVn vwlw nhIN irhw qW aus ny &Oj ƒ ip`Cy htx dw hukm dy id`qw[ aus ƒ ieh vI d`isAw jw cu`kw sI ik aus ƒ ies qoN A`gy ikqy pwxI nhIN iml skxw Aqy &Oj ipAws nwl mr jwvygI[ nwl hI hux, aus dy i^Awl ivc, swry is`K „^qm‟ ho cu`ky sn ies kr ky aus ny &OjW ip`Cy moV leIAW[ Swm pYx qoN pihlW-pihlW srhMdI &OjW au~QoN kw&I dUr inkl cu`kIAW sn[
QoVHI dyr mgroN gurU swihb it`bI qoN cl ky iKdrwxy dI Fwb (ijs ƒ aunHW eISrsr dw nW id`qw) dy kMFy ‟qy Awey[ aus vyly qk 37 isMG ShId ho cu`ky sn Aqy isr& BweI rwey isMG mulqwnI (Brw BweI mnI isMG), aus dw pu`qr BweI mhW isMG, BweI suMdr isMG bRwhmx (vwsI ipMf J`lIAW vwlw) Aqy mweI Bwg kOr issk rhy sn[ gurU swihb, BweI mwn isMG inSwncI ƒ ShId hoey 37 isMGW dIAW lwSW iek`TIAW krn dI syvw b^SI Aqy Awp sihk rhy is`KW kol bYT gey[ gurU swihb ny ienHW iqMnW Aqy mweI Bwg kOr dy mUMh ivc pwxI pwieAw pr ienHW dy z^m bVy fUMGy sn[ ienHW dy bcx dI koeI Aws nhIN sI[ mweI Bwg kOr ƒ K`by p`t ivc golI l`gI hoeI sI pr bwkI iqMny bVy inFwl ho cu`ky sn[ gurU swihb ny ShId hoey swry is`KW ƒ “ds hzwrI”, “vIh hzwrI”, pMjwh hzwrI” AwK ky “mnsb” (snmwn)
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id`qy[ |
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mgroN gurU swihb ny sihk rhy iqMnW isMGW ƒ pu`iCAw ik quhwƒ kI cwhIdw |
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hY Awpxy |
mUMhoN mMg lE[ ies ‟qy BweI rwey isMG boilAw “gurU jI jy Awp qru`Ty hI |
ho qW qusIN BweI Bwg isMG dw iliKAw is`KI qoN pMcwieqI bydwvw PwV ky swƒ is`KI dwn b^S idE[” ieh sux ky gurU goibMd isMG swihb ny “Dµn is`KI! DMn is`KI!! DMn is`KI!!!” AwiKAw Aqy AwpxI jyb ivcoN bydwvy vwlw kwZz k`F ky PwV id`qw[ kuJ lyKkW ny ieh bol rwey isMG dy pu`qr mhW isMG qoN AKvwey hn[ drAsl mhW isMG ny sB qoN A^Ir ‟qy suAws C`fy sI ies kr ky ho skdw hY ik ienHW lyKkW ny ieh bol aus dy mUMh ivc pw id`qy hox[ ieh ZlqI sMqoK isMG ny “gur pRqwp sUrj gRMQ” ivc kIqI sI qy bwkIAW ny qW aus dI nkl kr ky hI ilK id`qw sI[ pr ies nwl koeI &rk nhIN pYNdw ik bydwvw iks ny PVvwieAw sI[ ieh cwlHI dy
cwlHI isMG hI, AwpxIAW ShIdIAW nwl hI bydwvw PwV gey sn[
gurU swihb ny ieMnW isMGW dI mrhm-p`tI krn dI koiSS kIqI pr koeI &rk nw ipAw[ gurU jI swrI rwq ienHW nwl g`lW krdy rhy[ A`DI rwq vyly BweI suMdr isMG J`lIAW vwlw swh C`f igAw[ ies mgroN BweI rwey isMG qy kuJ icr mgroN cwlHIvW isMG BweI mhW isMG vI vwihgurU dy kdmW ivc jw pu`jw[
AglI svyr, mwG dI pihlI ƒ, 30 dsMbr 1705 dy idn, gurU swihb ny ienHW cwlHI isMGW vwsqy Awsw dI vwr dw pwT kr ky Bog pwieAw[ kuJ icr mgroN BweI dwn isMG iKdrwxw ipMf ivcoN iqRhwvl (iGE, mYdw, KMf) lY AwieAw[ gurU swihb ny Awp pwT kr ky dyZ iqAwr krvweI[ ShId isMGW dIAW dyhW ƒ lkVIAW dy Fyr ‟qy iek`iTAW hI r`K id`qw igAw[ gurU swihb ny Awp soihlw dw pwT kIqw qy iPr Awpxy h`QIN hI ienHW dI icKw ƒ A`g lweI[ sskwr mgroN gurU swihb ny hwizr isMGW ƒ mu^wiqb huMidAW AwiKAw ik ienHW cwlHI isMGW ny Drm hyq sIs id`qy hn[ ienHW ƒ vI „cwlHI mukqy‟ AwK ky cyqy kIqw jwieAw krygw[
gurU swihb 30 Aqy 31 dsMbr dw idn au~Qy hI rhy Aqy jdoN icKw pUrI qrHW sV geI qW gurU swihb ny AMgITy qy im`tI puAw id`qI ikauN ik nyVy koeI dirAw jW ndI nhIN sI qy AsQIAW jl pRvwh nhIN sn ho skdIAW[ 31 dsMbr dI rwq ƒ iKdrwxy dy vwsI gurU swihb ƒ ipMf lY gey Aqy syvw kIqI[ rwq gurU swihb iKdrwxy rhy Aqy pihlI jnvrI 1706 ƒ iKdrwxy qoN qlvMfI swbo vl cl pey[
ies qoN kuJ swl mgroN ipMf hrIky klW dy BweI lMgr isMG ny ies QW ‟qy ShIdW dI Xwd ivc QVHw bxwieAw qy ShId gMj prgt kIqw[ aus idn (29 dsMbr 1725) qoN mukqsr ivc ShIdW dy pirvwr Aqy hor isMG Ardws krn vwsqy pu`jx lg pey[ hOlI-hOlI ies QW ‟qy v`fw mylw l`gx l`g ipAw[
ieh ShIdIAW 29 dsMbr 1705 dIAW hn pr igAwnI igAwn isMG ny “A`gy pwxI nw iml skx” dw BulyKw Kw ky ies Gtnw ƒ grmIAW ivc lY AWdw qy iek Zlq qwrI^ ilK id`qI, ijs nwl kuJ Boly lokW ny BulyKw Kw ky ies idn vI dUjw ShIdI joV mylw lwauxw SurU kr id`qw[
ies sbMD ivc dUjw BulyKw bydwvw pVvwaux vwly S^s bwry hY[ B`t vhIAW muqwibk ieh bydwvw pwVn vwsqy BweI rwey isMG ny Arz kIqI sI pr iek-A`D lyKk ny bydwvw pVvwaux dw ishrw Aw^rI swh lYx vwly (rwey isMG dy pu`qr) BweI mhW isMG ƒ dy id`qw[ ies lVweI dy ^qm hox mgroN BweI sIql isMG, rwey isMG qy mhW isMG hI issk rhy sn qy bwkI ShId ho cu`ky sn[ rwey isMG ny bydwvw pVvwieAw sI, sIql isMG ny iqMnW ‟coN sB qoN pihlW swh C`fy sn Aqy BweI mhW isMG ny sB qoN A^Ir ‟qy[
ies sbMDI qIjw BulyKw bydwvw ilKx dI QW dw hY[ iksy lyKk ny ieh bydwvw AnMdpur swihb ivc iliKAw AwiKAw sI[ (bwkIAW ny m`KI qy m`KI mwr id`qI)[ AnMdpur swihb dy bydwvw ilKx dI g`l bydlIlI hY[ svwl hY ik jy AnMdpur swihb ƒ Gyrw ipAw hoieAw sI qW ieh 40 is`K bydwvw ilK ky au~QoN bc ky inkl ikvyN Awey? kI auh phwVI jW muZl &OjW nwl smJOqw kr ky jW irSvq dy ky Awey sn jW kys ktvw ky, mony bx ky, inkly sn? iPr gurU swihb ny AnMdpur swihb qoN clx l`igAW ^ws kr ky ieh “bydwvw” hI AwpxI jybH ivc pwieAw hoieAw sI?
gurU swihb nUM ieh kwZz ^ws qOr ‟qy sMBwlx dI ikhVI ^ws loV sI? ies kr ky ieh g`l shI nhIN hY[ hW, rUpyAwxw dI jUh (mlHx soFIAW) ivc bydwvw ilKx dI g`l shI hY ikauNik aus qoN kuJ GMty mgroN hI auh bydwvw pwV id`qw igAw sI[ eynw icr gurU swihb kol kwZz rih skxw mumikn jwpdw hY[
mukqsr ivc ShId hox vwly 40 mukiqAW dy nW vI v`K-v`K lyKkW ny v`K-v`K hI id`qy hn[ ho skdw hY ik ieh nW suxy-suxwey soimAW qoN ley gey hox[ pr, B`t vhIAW Aqy kursI-nwimAW qoN kuJ nW shI qOr ‟qy iml jWdy hn[ ieh nW hyT ilKy hn:
ieh 14 nW auh hn ijnHW bwry koeI BulyKw nhIN hY pr sMqoK isMG (gur pRqwp sUrj gRMQ), ivswKw isMG (mwlvw ieiqhws) Aqy iek A`D hor lyKk ny jo 40-40 nW id`qy hn aus sUcI ivc ienHW ivcoN keI nW nhIN imldy[ ies dw mqlb sw& hY ik sMqoK isMG, ivswKw isMG jW aunHW dy ADwr ‟qy 40 mukiqAW dy nWvW ivcoN kuJ nW XkInn Zlq hn[ aunHW ivcoN ikhVy nW Zlq hn, ies bwry, Ajy, dwAvy nwl kuJ nhIN ikhw jw skdw[ ho skdw hY ik B`t vhIAW Aqy kursInwimAW ivcoN ikDroN Swied bwkI nWvW dw vI inbyVw ho sky[ hwl dI GVI iehI AiKAw jw skdw hY ik ienHW 14 Aqy 26 hor isMGW ny iKdrwxy dI Fwb ‟qy ShIdI hwisl kIqI sI[
qlvMfI swbo pu`jxw
ies mgroN gurU swihb brkMdI, BUMdV, j`sI, p`kw klW vZYrw qoN huMdy hoey 16 jnvrI 1706 dy idn qlvMfI swbo pu`jy[ gurU swihb dy Awaux dI ^br ipMf qlvMfI dy mwilk BweI f`lw nUM pihloN hI iml cukI sI[ auh cwr sO bMidAW nUM lY ky gurU jI nUM jI AwieAw kihx vwsqy (qlvMfI swbo qoN 24 iklomItr pihlW) ipMf p`kw klW AwieAw[ BweI f`lw ny gurU swihb dI qih idloN syvw kIqI[ (mgroN kvI sMqoK isMG ny BweI f`lw dy i^lw& JUTIAW khwxIAW bxw ky aus nUM AwkVKor, frU qy PVHW mwrn vwlw swibq krn dI koiSS kr ky aus nwl izAwdqI kIqI)[
jdoN sMgqW ƒ Awp dy qlvMfI swbo pu`jx dw pqw l`gw qW v`fI igxqI ivc auh qlvMfI swbo pu`jx l`g pey[ ieQy hI 29 mwrc 1706 dy idn Awp ny iek v`fw iek`T kIqw ijs ivc sYNkVy is`KW ny KMfy dI pwhul hwisl kIqI[ ienHW ivc pitAwlw, nwBw Aqy jINd irAwsqW dy moFI vI Swiml sn[ iesy hI mOky ipRQI cMd mIxw dy iek vwirs ABY cMd ny vI KMfy dI pwhul leI qy ABY isMG bx igAw[ gurU jI qlvMfI swbo ivc nON mhIny qoN vD smW rhy[
qlvMfI swbo rihMidAW gurU goibMd isMG swihb (30 iklomItr dUr) biTMfy dy iklHy ivc vI Awey[ B`tI hwkmW dw bxwieAw ieh iklHw sYNkVy swl purwxw sI[ iesy iklHy ivc hI kdy Zulwm bMs dI milkw rzIAw sulqwnw kYd rhI sI[ gurU swihb qoN mgroN ies iklHy ‟qy pitAwlw irAwsq dw kbzw ho igAw qy aunHW gurU swihb dy Awaux dI Xwd ivc iek gurduAwrw bxw idqw jo A`j vI kwiem hY[
gurU swihb dw d`Kx jwxw
auDr BweI dieAw isMG Aqy BweI Drm isMG, gurU swihb dw AOrMgzyb nUM iliKAw ^q, ivc bVI muSikl nwl AkqUbr 1706 hI (ilKy jwx qoN 10 mhIny bwAd) AorMgzyb nUM phuMcw sky sn[ ies nUM pVH ky aus ny gurU swihb nUM imlx vwsqy bulwieAw qy ies sbMDI lwhOr dy sUbydwr munwiem ^wn Aqy srhMd (audoN sIhrMd) dy sUbydwr vzIr ^wn nUM vI ^q ilKy[ dUjy pwsy jd keI mhIny qk gurU swihb nUM ies bwry koeI ^br nw iml skI qW auh ^ud ienHW dohW isMGW dI Bwl ivc 30 AkqUbr 1706 dy idn d`Kx vl cl pey[ gurU jI (62 iklomItr dUr) isrsw, (55 iklomItr dUr) nOhr, (48 iklomItr dUr) Bwdrw, (43 iklomItr dUr) swhwvw, (262 iklomItr dUr) kolwieq, (357 iklomItr dUr) nwrwiexw, (160 iklomItr dUr) puSkr (Ajmyr qoN 15 iklomItr dUr) huMdy hoey, brwsqw ibAwvr (puSkr qoN 307 iklomItr dUr) bGor (ic`qOV qoN 86 iklomItr pihlW) pu`jy[
ie`Qy BweI dieAw isMG Aqy BweI Drm isMG gurU jI nUM Aw imly Aqy disAw ik aunHW ny ikMnI muSikl nwl AOrMgzyb nUM z&rnwmw phuMcwieAw sI[ aunHW gurU swihb nUM d`isAw ik AOrMgzyb ny auh ic`TI pVH ky quhwfy (gurU jI) nwl mulwkwq dI ^wihS dw iezhwr kIqw sI Aqy Awpxy do AihdIey (sInIAr A&sr) qy gurjbrdwr id`lI nUM Byjy sn qW jo id`lI dw sUbydwr quhwfy AOrMgwbwd pu`jx dw ieMqzwm kr dyvy[ gurU jI ny aunHW dI g`l sux ky ikhw ik hux AOrMgzyb nwl Swied myrw myl nhIN ho skxw[ aus dy swh hux pUry hox vwly hn[ ies dy bwvjUd gurU swihb A`gy v`l cl pey[ 20 &rvrI 1707 dy idn AOrMgzyb dI mOq ho geI[ 19 mwrc 1707 dy idn jd gurU jI kolwieq pu`jy qW aunHW nUM aus dI mOq dI ^br imlI[ ies mgroN gurU swihb (534 iklomItr dUr) Swhjhwnwbwd (id`lI) Aw gey[
AOrMgzyb dI mOq ip`CoN aus dy pu`qrW ivc bwdSwh bxn vwsqy jMg SurU ho geI[
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ienHW iv`coN muA`zm (mgroN bhwdr Swh) sB qoN v`fw |
sI[ auh aus vyly jmrOd ivc |
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sI qy aus dw dUjw Brw qwrw Awzm d`Kx ivc sI[ |
ies g`dI dI sB qoN Aihm |
lVweI (jjwaU dI lVweI) qoN pihlW bhwdr Swh dw rwbqw gurU jI (bhwdr Swh gurU swihb nUM pihlW vI AnMdpur swihb ivc iml cukw sIN) nwl bx igAw qy gurU swihb ny q^q hwisl krn ivc aus dI ie^lwkI mdd vI kIqI sI[ jzwaU (id`lI qoN 250 qy Awgrw qoN 28 iklomItr dUr) dI lVweI (8 jUn 1707) ivc bhwdr Swh nUM v`fI ij`q hwisl hoeI[ bhwdr Swh ny 23 julweI 1707 dy idn gurU swihb nUM drbwr ivc bulw ky aunHW nUM iK`lq (ijs dI kImq audoN s`T hzwr rupY sI) vI Byt kIqI[ ies mulwkwq ivc bhwdr Swh ny vwAdw kIqw ik auh gurU swihb dw pirvwr ShId krn vwilAW Aqy AnMdpur swihb ‟qy hmlw krn vwilAW nUM szw dyvygw[
pr ies dOrwn bhwdr Swh nUM Ajmyr qy jYpur dy rwjpUqW dI bZwvq nUM dbwaux vwsqy rwjpUqwny v`l jwxw pY igAw[ aus ny gurU goibMd isMG swihb nUM vI ieh AwK ky nwl lY ilAw ik auh rsqy ivc bwkI swrw kuJ ivcwr lYxgy[ bhwdr Swh Ajy rwjpUqW nwl isMJ hI irhw sI ik aus nUM Awpxy qIjy Brw kwm b^S dI bZwvq dI ^br imlI[ auh ies nvIN bZwvq nUM dbwaux vwsqy d`Kx vl cl ipAw[ gurU jI vI aus dy nwl hI cldy gey[
auh pihlW (id`lI qoN 233 iklomItr dUr) Awgrw pu`jy, qy Awgrw qoN (22 iklomItr dUr) ieqmwdpur je ruky (ie`Qy pwilq zorwvr isMG aunHW nUM Awx imilAw)[ iPr (77 iklomItr dUr) Brqpur, (142 iklomItr dUr) dwEsw, (70 iklomItr dUr) jYpur, (15 iklomItr dUr) AMbyr, (40 iklomItr dUr) dwhmI, (80 iklomItr dUr) mdngMj, (27 iklomItr dUr) Ajmyr, (15 iklomItr dUr) puSkr, (20 iklomItr dUr) nsIrwbwd, (134 iklomItr dUr) BIlvwVw, (60 iklomItr dUr) icqOVgVH, (115 iklomItr dUr) pVwA krdy-krdy (110 iklomItr dUr) mMdsOr pu`jy[ ie`QoN brwsqw aujYn qy KWfvw (380 iklomItr dUr) burhwnpur pu`jy[ nrmdw ivc Awey hVH kwrn aunHW nUM do h&qy ie`Qy rukxw ipAw[ iPr (123 iklomItr dUr) bwlwpur, (35 iklomItr dUr) pwqur, (52 iklomItr dUr) vwiSm, (67 iklomItr dUr) ihMgolI, (80 iklomItr dUr) s&r krdyy hoey nMdyV pu`jy[
vzIr ^wn dy eylcI dw bhwdr Swh nwl myl hoxw
auDr gurU swihb Aqy bhwdr Swh dI nyVqw dw srhMd dy sUbydwr vzIr ^wn nUM vI pqw lg igAw sI[ aus ny coKI rkm (10 l`K tkw) dy ky Awpxy numwieMdy qy sUhIey (pTwx ispwhI) d`Kx vl qor idqy sn[ ienHW dw myl bwdSwh nwl burhwnpur ivc jW ies qoN kuJ icr mgroN hI hoieAw hovygw ikauN ik nrmdw dirAw ivc hVH Awey hox kwrn, bhwdr Swh meI 1708 dy pihly do h&qy burhwnpur ruikAw irhw sI[ vzIr ^wn dy eylcIAW qoN imlI rkm kwrn hux bhwdr Swh dI nIAq bdl geI; Aqy, ies qoN bwAd bhwdr Swh ny gurU swihb qoN dUr rihxw SurU kr id`qw[ drAsl hux auh vzIr ^wn dI ByjI rkm kwrn aus dy i^lw& AYkSn nhIN sI lYxw cwhuMdw[
nMdyV rukxw
gurU swihb qy bhwdr Swh 16-17 meI 1708 nUM burhwnpur qoN c`ly sn[ gurU jI Aqy bhwdr Swh ivc Aw^rI mulwkwq qwpqI dirAw pwr krn (25 jUn 1708) qoN kuJ idn mgroN bwlwpur ivc, Agsq 1708 ivc, hoeI sI[ ies mulwkwq ivc gurU swihb ny jwx ilAw ik bhwdr Swh Awpxy kOlW qoN mukr igAw hY[ ies kr ky gurU swihb ny bwdSwh dw swQ C`f idqw[ bhwdr Swh 24 Agsq 1708 nUM dirAw bwx gMgw (godwvrI dI shwiek ndI) pwr kr ky A`gy inkl igAw Aqy gurU swihb nMdyV ivc ruk gey[ gurU swihb ny &Yslw kIqw ik bwdSwh qoN Aws C`f ky Awp iensw& kwiem kIqw jwvy[
mwDo dws bYrwgI (bMdw isMG) nwl myl
gurU jI nUM pqw sI ik mwDo dws bYrwgI ny nMdyV ivc fyrw bxwieAw hoieAw hY[ aunHW ny aus dw pqw kr ilAw[ myl 3 sqMbr 1708 dy idn aunHW dw myl mwDo dws bYrwgI (mgroN bwbw bMdw isMG bhwdr) nwl ho igAw[ pMjwb dI hwlq sux ky Aqy
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muZl hwkmW dIAW krqUqW jwx ky bMdw isMG ny gurU jI qoN pMjwb jw |
ky duStW nUM |
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soDx dI iejwzq mMgI[ |
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gurU jI ny bMdw isMG nUM 4 sqMbr 1708 dy idn KMfy dI pwhul id`qI[ |
gurU swihb |
ny pUrw iek mhInw bMdw isMG ƒ pUrI isKlweI id`qI[ AkqUbr cVHidAW hI gurU sihb ny bMdw isMG nUM is`KW vwsqy hukmnwmy id`qy ijs ivc aunHW ny is`KW nUM aus dw swQ dyx vwsqy iliKAw hoieAw sI[ ieM\ lgdw hY ik gurU swihb bwbw bMdw isMG nUM Byj ky, aunHW ieh vI ikhw sI ik auh Awp vI CyqI pMjwb prq Awauxgy[
gurU swihb ‘qy hmlw Aqy ShIdI
pMj AkqUbr 1708 dy idn bwbw bMdw isMG nMdyV qoN cilAw Aqy iesy idn Swm nUM jmSYd ^wn pTwx ny gurU swihb dy s`uiqAW aunHW ‟qy hmlw kr idqw qy jmDwr (ktwr) dy iqMn vwr kr ky burI qrHW z^mI kr idqw[ byh`d z^mI hox dy bwvjUd gurU swihb ny prqvW vwr kr ky jmSYd ^wn nUM QWeyN mwr idqw[ gurU swihb Awp vI ienHW z^mW dI qwb nw Jldy hoey 7 sqMbr nUM qVky vyly Akwl purK dI god ivc smw gey[ aunHW dw sskwr iesy Swm nUM godwvrI dirAw dy kMFy kr idqw igAw[
Aijhw jwpdw hY ik jmSYd ^wn nUM BwvyN srhMd dy vzIr ^wn ny ByijAw sI pr aus nUM bwdSwh dI ihmwieq jW mnzUrI zrUr hwisl sI ikauN ik bhwdr Swh ny ies jmsYd ^wn dy puqr nUM “aus dy bwp dy gurU goibMd isMG dy h`QoN mwry jwx kwrn” 30 AkqUbr 1708 dy idn Awpxy drbwr ivc iK`lq ByNt kIqI sI[ ies bwry iek AYNtrI „A^bwrwq-ie-drbwr-ie-muA`lw‟ ivc imldI hY[
gurU swihb dy cVHweI krn dw izkr vI iesy irkwrf ivc mOjUd hY[ ies qoN ielwvw iehI izkr iek is`K lyKk sYnwpqI dI „gursoBw‟ (1709), bhwdr Swh dy iqMn smkwlI muslmwn lyKkW dIAW ikqwbW imrzw muhMmd dI „iebrqnwmw‟ (1716), muhMmd kwism dI „iebrqnwmw‟ (1723), muhMmd S&I dI „mIrwq-ie-vwirdwq‟ (1734) Aqy iek ihMdU lyKk cqurmwn sksynw dI „chwr gulSn‟ ivc vI imldw hY [ ienHW swrIAW ivc gurU swihb dI „mOq‟ CuirAW dy vwr nwl hox dw izkr hY Aqy bwdSwh dy Byjy AMgryz ijrwh (vYd/fwktr) vloN z^m sIx Aqy mgroN kmwn iK`cx nwl „mOq‟ dw zrw mwsw izkr vI nhIN[ drAsl bwdSwh aus vyly keI mIl dUr inkl cukw sI ies kr ky aus v`loN hkIm/ijrwh Byjx vwlI g`l isr& qy isr& nwmumikn hI sI[ dUjw, auh hmly dI swijS ivc ^ud vI Swiml sI[
Aijhw jwpdw hY ik gurU swihb dy z^mI hox, z^m sIx Aqy iPr kmwn iK`cx dI “Gtnw/hwdsy ivc mOq hox” jW “kmwx iK`c ky Awp mnzUr kIqI mOq” dw prcwr vzIr ^wn jW/Aqy bhwdr Swh ny krvwieAw hovygw qW jo auh ^ud nUM gurU swihb ‘qy krvwey hmly coN sur^rU kr skx[ gurU sihb dI „Shwdq‟ nUM ieM\ idKwauxw vzIr ^wn Aqy bhwdr Swh dy jwl ivc Ps ky qvwrI^ ivgwVnw hY [ kuJ is`K lyKkW ny ies prwpygMfy dI swizS dI qih qk jwx dI bjwie ies nUM qvwrI^ bxw ky Aihmkqw dw iezhwr kIqw ijs nUM kuJ Agly bckwny lyKkW ny lokW dy kMnW ivc cwVH idqw[ kuJ is`K ilKwrI vI Swied ieh vI nhIN sn cwhuMdy ik gurU swihb nUM muslmwnI hmly ivc ShId hoieAw idKwieAw jwvy, so aunHW nUM kmwx iK`cx nwl mOq swibq krn ivc Swied vDyry „SrDw‟ jwpI hovy[ eynw hI nhIN iek A`D lyKk ny qW ieh vI ilK mwirAw ik gurU swihb nUM iek pTwx ny GoiVAW dI kImq dy lYx-dyx dy JgVy ivc kql kr idqw sI[ iek-do lyKkW ny ieh byQHvI vI mwrI ik gurU swihb ny hmlwvr pTwx nUM aunHW (gurU swihb) qoN bdlw lYx vwsqy Awp BVkwieAw sI[ pr, ienHW byQvHIAW dy bwvjUd, ieh lyKk vI z^m sIx qy mgroN kmwx iKcx nwl mOq dI QW, jmSYd ^wn dy Cury dy z^mW nwl mOq hox dw izkr krdy hn[
(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)