Indira Gandhi
ieMdrw gWDI (19.11.1917- 31.10.1984), pu`qrI pMifq jvwhr lwl nihrU, dw jnm, kmlw dyvI dI ku`K qoN Alwhwbwd pRXwgrwj) ivc hoieAw sI[ ies ny muFlI pVHweI Gr ivc r`Ky ausqwd qoN kIqI sI qy iPr mwfrn skUl id`lI Aqy kwnvYNt skUl Alwhwbwd ivc vI pVHdI rhI sI[ kuJ smW ieh pUnw, muMbeI Aqy SWqI inkyqn ivc vI pVHdI rhI sI[
sMn 1937 ivc ies ny Awks&orf XUnIvristI ivc ihstrI dI pVHweI vI kIqI sI[ ie`Qy &Iroz (sMn 1912-1960) nW dy iek pwrsI nwl aus nUM ipAwr ho igAw Aqy dohW ny 26 mwrc 1942 dy idn Alwhwbd ivc Awid Drm dy inXmW hyT SwdI kr leI (&Iroz dw mohn dws krm cMd gWDI nw koeI sbMD nhIN sI, pr gWDI ny ies nUM Awpxw nW dy id`qw sI)[ ies joVI ny rwjIv Aqy sMjy do b`icAW nUM jnm id`qw sI[
sMn 1947 ivc ies dw ipqw jvwhr lwl pRDwn mqrI bixAw qW ieh aus dw kMm kwj sMBwldI rihMdI sI[ ies mgroN ies nUM Awl ieMfIAw kWgrs dw jnrl sk`qr bxw id`qw igAw sI[ sMn 1964 ivc ipqw dI mOq mgroN ies nUM rwjsBw dw mYNbr bxwieAw igAw Aqy lwl bhwdur SwsqrI dI srkwr ivc vzIr vI bxw id`qw igAw sI[
sMn 1966 ivc SwsqrI dI mOq mgroN ies nUM morwrjI fysweI dy mukwbly ivc pRDwn mMqrI bxw id`qw igAw sI[ ies ny Awpxy Aihd ivc bYNkw dI nYSnwlweIzySn kIqI sI[
sMn 1971 ivc ies ny pwiksqwn nwl lVweI kr ky bMglw dyS nUM Awzwd mulk bxvw id`qw[ ies nwl ies dI mwnqw bhuq vD geI[
sMn 1972 ivc rwj nwrwiex v`loN ies dy i^lw& kIqI cox aujrdwrI ivc ies dI cox r`d kr id`qI geI qW ies ny 15 jUn 1975 dy idn AMdrUnI AYmrjMsI lw ky jY pkwS nwrwiex smyq hzwrW ivroDI AwgUAW nUM jyl ivc su`t id`qw[
jnvrI 1977 ivc AYmrjMsI nUM ^qm kIqw igAw qW kWgrs pwrtI nUM burI qrHw hwr imlI; ieh ^ud vI cox hwr geI[ pr ivroDI pwrtIAW Awps ivc bhuq CyqI hI pwt geIAW Aqy jnvrI 1980 ivc ieh dobwrw pRDwn mMqrI bx geI[ ies dOrwn ies ny rUs nwl bhuq nyVy dy sbMD bxw ley sn[
BwvyN ieh dobwrw qæwkæq ivc Aw geI sI, pr mulk ivc byrozgwrI, mihMgweI Aqy hor sm`isAwvW vDI jw rhIAW sn[ ies ny sRIlMkw ivc qwiml lihr clw ky lokW dw iDAwn bdlx dI koiSS kIqI pr kwmXwb nw hoeI[ A^Ir ies ny coxW ivc ij`q hwisl krn vwsqy 4 jUn 1984 dy idn drbwr swihb AMimRqsr ’qy &OjI hmlw kr id`qw ijs nwl hzwrW is`K mwry gey[ ies nwl ieMdrw gWDI ny i&rkwpRsqI dw p`qw vrq ky ihMdU votW lYx dw rhw pDrw kr ilAw sI[ pr dUjy pwsy keI is`K ies nUM szw dyx dw plwn bxw rhy sn; A^Ir 31 Akqubr 1984 dy idn ies dy bwfIgwrfz byAMq isMG qy sqvMq isMG ny ies nUM golIAW mwr ky ies dy Gr s&drzMg ivc hI kql kr id`qw sI[
ieMdrw gWDI pMifq moqI lwl dI poqI qy pMifq jvwhr lwl dI lwflI DI sI[ ieh bhuq AVb suBwA dI AOrq sI[ ivDvw hox kr ky vI aus dy suBwA ivc izd Aqy Zu`sw bhuq sn[ ies dy kihx ’qy hI pMifq nihrU ny sMn 1959 ivc kyrl dI kimaUinst srkwr qoVI sI[ sMn 1966 ivc jdoN pMjwbI sUbw bxn dy Awswr bx rhy sn qW ies ny ies nUM rokx dI koiSS kIqI sI (ies dy Awpxy kihx muqæwibkæ pMjwbI sUbw bxn nwl pMjwb ivc kWgrs nUM ihMdU dIAW votW tu`tx dw ^qrw sI)[ keI swl mgroN AYm.E. mQweI ny AwpxI ikqwb ‘rYmInIsinz Aw& d nihrU eyj’ ivc dwAvw kIqw sI ik aus dy ies nwl 12 swl kwm (sYks) sbMD rhy sn Aqy mgroN DIryNdr bRhmcwrI ny mQweI dI QW lY leI sI[ aus muqæwibkæ &Iroz (jo ik nihrU pirvwr nUM Srwb splweI krn vwly dw pu`qr sI) nwl vI pihlW ies dy syYks sbMD sn Aqy mgroN dohW ny ieMglYNf dI iek msijd ivc SwdI kIqI sI; A^Ir gWDI dy kihx ’qy ies ny Bwrq Aw ky Alwhwbwd ivc ihMdU rIqI nwl vI SwdI kIqI sI.
ieMdrw gWDI bcpn ivc
ieMdrw gWDI dI Alwhwbwd ivc SwdI
ieMdrw gWDI dI imrqk dyh
