Peshawar city
pySwvr ngr
pwiksqwn ivc sUbw ^Ybr p^qUnvw dI rwjDwnI Aqy ies sUby dw sB qoN Aihm ngr[ ies nUM puruSpur (mrdW dw Sihr), ipSwvr, pySwvr qy ipSOr vI kihMdy hn[ ieh pMjwb dy sB qoN purwxy ngrW ivcoN iek hY[ FweI hzwr swl pihlW ieh gWDwr dyS dI rwjDwnI sI[ cInI XwqrIAW &whIAwn (sMn 337-422) ny vI ies ngr dw izkr kIqw hY[ &wrsI ivc pyS-Awvrdn qoN Bwv hY pihlW Awaux vwlw (ngr); ^Ybr d`ry v`loN ieh pihlw ngr hY[ XkInn ieh nW A&Zwinsqwn v`loN Awaux vwly hmlwvrW jW XwqrUAW ny id`qw hovygw[ Akbr dy vyly ies dw nW prSwvr sI; aus ny ies nUM ipSwvr ivc bdl id`qw sI[ ies dw izkr sMn 539 purwxw kwl ivc imldw hY, Xwin ieh qkiSlw dy zmwny dw Sihr hY[ iskMdr ny sMn 327 purwxw kwl ivc ies ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ aus mgroN silaUks ies ’qy rwj krdw irhw sI[ sMn 303 purwxw kwl ivc ies ’qy ptnw dy mOrIAW ^wndwn dw kbzw ho igAw sI[ ies mgroN grYko-bYktIrIAn (sMn 190 purwxw kwl), iPr kuSwn (sMn 232 qk) qy hUn (sMn 460 ivc) vI ies ’qy kwbz rhy sn[ aus vyly ie`QoN dI AwbwdI qkrIbn svw l`K sI[ sqvIN sdI ies ies ’qy sIQIAn hkUmq rhI sI[ iPr ies ’qy ihMdUSwhI rwijAW dw kbzw irhw sI[ sMn 986 ivc ies qy subkuqgIn ny hmlw kIqw sI Aqy ihMdUSwhI rwjy AnMgpwl nUM hrwieAw sI[ 28 nvMbr 1001 dy idn ies ’qy mihmUd ZznvI ny kbzw kr ky ieslwmI hkUmq dw mu`F bMinHAw sI[ sMn1 1179 ivvc muhMmd ZOrI ie`QoN dw hwkm bixAw sI[ sMn 1200 ivc mMgolW/muZlW ny ies ngr ’qy hmlw kr ky ies nUM burI qrHw qbwh kr id`qw sI[ ies mgroN bhuq smW ieh Sihr ArD-vIrwn irhw sI[ kuJ smW mgroN XUs&zeI qy iggXwnI p^qUn ie`Qy vsxy SurU ho gey sn[ pMdrvIN sdI ivc ieh loDIAW dy kbzy ivc irhw sI[ julweI 1526 ivc bwbr ny ies ngr ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ sMn 1540 ivc ieh p^qUn jrnYl Syr Swh sUrI dI hkUmq dw ih`sw bx igAw sI[ 18 nvMbr 1738 dy idn nwdr Swh ies dw hwkm bx igAw sI[ sMn 1747 ivc Aihmd Swh dI AgvweI ivc du`rwnIAW ny ies ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ sMn 1801 ivc mihmUd Swh ny ies ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ do swl mgroN Swh Sujwh ny dobwrw ies ’qy dobwrw kbzw kr ilAw sI[ kuJ smW mgroN ny mihmUd Swh ies ’qy muV kbzw kr ilAw sI[ sMn 1818 ivc rxjIq isMG ny pySwvr ’qy hmlw kIqw sI pr hwr igAw sI[ sMn 1823 ivc rxjIq isMG ny dobwrw hmlw kr ky ij`q ilAw sI[ sMn 1835 ivc dosq muuhMmd ^wn ny ies ngr nUM rxjIq isMG qoN Kohx dI koiSS kIqI sI pr nwkwm irhw sI[ sMn 1849 qoN mgroN ieh AMgRyzW dy kbzy ivc Aw igAw sI[
hux ieh muK qOr ’qy pSqUn kOm dw ngr hY[ ies ngr dI AwbwdI qkrIbn 21 l`K (izlHw ipSwvr dI qkrIbn 35 l`K) hY (sMn 1849 ivc ies dI AwbdI qkrIbn s`qr hzwr sI; sMn 1947 ivc qkrIbn fyF l`K, 1981 ivc swFy pMj l`K qy 1998 ivc ds l`K qoN vI Gt sI)[
sMn 1947 ivc ie`Qy bhuq swry is`K qy ihMdU vI rihMdy rhy sn, pr sMn 1965 qoN mgroN muslmwn dihSqgrdW dy toilAW v`loN kIqy gey kqlW kwrn bhuq swry ZYr-muslmwn ie`QoN cly gey sn[ pySwvr dIAW muK iemwrqW ivc muhbq ^wn dI msIq (sMn 1630), bwlw ihswr iklHw (bwlw=aucw+ ihswr= iklw) hn[ pySwvr izlHy ivc sB qoN purwxI QW boDIAW dw q^q-ie-bwhI hY jo sMn 20 qoN 46 qk bxwieAw igAw sI[ ieh mrdwn ngr qoN 15 Aqy pySwvr qoN qkrIbn 80) iklomItr dUr hY[ ipSwvr gurU gibMd isMG jI dy smyN qoN hI is`KW dw vI iek Aihm ngr irhw sI[ ie`QoN dw BweI jogw isMG is`K Drm dw iek mShUr pRcwrk sI (ieh vKrI g`l hY ik aus nwl iek kwlpink khwxI juVI hoeI hY). q&sIl vwsqy vyKo: jogw isMG.
q^q-ie-bwhI
muh`bq ^wn dI msIq
ipSwvr iklHy dI iek bhuq purwxI qsvIr
bwlw ihswr iklHw qy ipSwvr ngr
hor vyKo: jogw isMG, BweI.