pUrbI pMjwb dy mwJw ielwky ivc, izlHw qrnqwrn ivc (qrnqwrn qoN 24 qy AMimRqsr qoN 47 iklomItr dUr) iek pRwcIn ngr[ ieh ngr qkrIbn 1000 swl purwxw hY[ mukwmI irvwieq ivc ies nUM nON l`KI p`tI vI kihMdy hn ikauNik ieh iek irAwsq sI Aqy ies dw mwmlw nON l`K rupY bxdw sI[ iesy ngr nwl drbwr swihb AMimRqsr ivc l`gy iek borf ‘rjnI Aqy aus dw kohVI pqI’ vwlI kwlpink khwxI vI juVI hoeI hY[ ie`Qy sMn 1755 ivc iek iklHw bxwieAw igAw sI[ audoNkwism ^wn ies dw hwikm sI[ sMn 1758 ivc PYslwpurIAW imsl ny ies ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ iPr ieh mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy kbzy ivc Aw igAw sI[ sMn 1947 qk ieh lwhOr dI iek qihsIl sI[ Agsq 1947 ivc pMjwb dI vMf mgroN ieh izLHw AMimRqsr Aqy mgroN izlHw qrnqwrn dw ih`sw bx igAw sI[ ies ksby dI AwbwdI qkrIbn 41 hzwr hY[
p`tI ivc gurU hirgoibMd swihb vI Awey sn[ aunHW dI Xwd ivc gurduAwrw ‘cObwrw swihb’ bixAw hoieAw hY[ p`tI ksby dw izkr BweI gurdws ny AwpxIAW vwrW ivc ieM\ kIqw hY: ptI AMdr cauDrI, iFloN lwlu lMgwhu suhMdw (vwr 11. pauVI 22).
p`tI dy iklHy dw bicAw hoieAw ih`sw
gurduAwrw cObwrw swihb pwqSwhI CyvIN, p`tI
gurduAwrw cObwrw swihb purwxIAW pOVIAW