Patna Sahib

ptnw

gMgw Aqy Sox dirAvW dy sMgm ’qy v`isAw (gXw qoN 105 iklomItr dUr), ieh ngr ibhwr sUby dI rwjDwnI hY[ ptnw bhuq purwxw ngr hY[ audoN ieh A`j vwlw ptnw Sihr nhIN huMdw sI[ ie`Qy hwjIpur gMgw dirAw dy iek pwsy Aqy pwtlIpuqr dirAw dy dUjy pwsy huMdw sI (pwtlIpuqr dw nW puSppur Aqy kusumpur iliKAw vI imldw hY) [pwtlIpuqr ngr dI nINh sMn 490 (purwxw kwl) ivc mgD rwjy AjwqSqrU v`loN r`KI geI sI (pihlW aus dI rwjDwnI rwjgRih sI)[ pwtlIpu`qr sMn 321 qoN sMn 184 (purwxw kwl) dOrwn mOrIAw ^wndwn dI rwjDwnI irhw sI[ cMdrgupq mOrIAw dy zmwny ivc ieh bVw v`fw Sihr sI[ mOrIAw kwl ivc, sMn 300 (purwxw kwl) ivc, vI ieh 4 l`K AwbwdI vwlw, eySIAw dy sB qoN v`fy ngrW ivcoN iek sI[ audoN ieh ngr 9 mIl lMmw Aqy fyF mIl cOVw sI[ Sihr dy cwry pwsy p`kI dIvwr bxI hoeI sI[ ies dIvwr ’qy 570 burj sn[ dIvwr dy duAwly 60 Pu`t cOVI Aqy pMqwlI pU`t fUMGI KweI pu`tI hoeI sI, jo pwxI nwl BrI rihMdI sI[ Sihr ivc dwi^l hox vwsqy 64 drvwzy sn[

mOrIAw hkUmq ^qm hox mgroN isrP Qyh Aqy KMfr hI rih gey sn[ ies qoN bwAd Syr Swh sUrI ny, jd auh ibhwr dw sUbydwr sI, ies ƒ Awbwd kIqw sI ny ies ngr nUM muV Awbwd kIqw sI[ aus ny ies QW ‘qy iek iklHw vI bxvwieAw sI, jo hux KMfr bx cukw hY)[ sMn 1574 ivc ies ’qy muZl bwdSwh Akbr dw kbzw ho igAw sI[ sqwrvIN sdI ivc ieh kw&I PYl igAw sI qy ATHwrvIN sdI ivc bhuq v`fw Sihr bx igAw sI[

Aj klH ptnw Sihr dI AwbwdI qkrIbn 16 l`K 83 hzwr hY (2011 dI mrdmSumwrI muqæwibkæ); Awly duAwly dy SihrI ielwikAW smyq ies dI AwbwdI 25 l`K dy krIb bxdI hY[ies ivcoN 86.39% ihdU Aqy dilq, 12.27% muslmwn, 1.92% eIsweI, 1% is`K hn[ ptnw ngr 35 iklomItr (22 mIl) lMbw qy 16 qoN 18 iklomItr (9.9 qoN 11.2 mIl) qk cOVw hY[ ies dw rkbw qkrIbn 250 mur`bw iklomItr (97 mur`bw mIl) hY[

ptnw ivc Syr Swh sUrI dy iklHy dw Qyh

sMn 1814 ivc ptnw dw muK bwzwr

A`j dw ptnw swihb ngr

ptnw dw is`K ieiqhws nwl sbMD:

gurU nwnk swihb AwpxI pihlI audwsI dOrwn, sMn 1509 ivc, hwjIpur ivc gey sn[ gurU nwnk swihb vyly hwjIpur vI iek v`fw ipMf hI sI[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb Aqy gurU goibMd isMG swihb vyly ptnw v`fw ksbw bx cukw sI[ ij`Qy gurU nwnk swihb Tihry sI, au~Qy ‘gurduAwrw gwey Gwt’ bixAw hoieAw hY jo dirAw qoN bhuqI dUr nhIN hY[ ies swry ielwky ƒ ‘gulzwr bwZ’ vI kihMdy hn[

hwjIpur (ptnw) ivc iek AmIr bMdy swls rwey jOhrI ny gurU swihb nUM Awpxy Gr Kwxy ’qy bulwieAw sI[ Kwxy mgroN aus ny gurU swihb ƒ kuJ rkm vI ByNt kIqI sI[ gurU swihb ny pYsy lYx qoN nWh kr idqI sI qy ikhw sI ik PkIr Awpxy nwl pYsw bMnH ky nhIN iljWdy[ gurU swihb ny aus ƒ ieh vI disAw sI ik AwdmI dOlq kr ky v`fw nhIN huMdw, blik rUhwnI ielm hwisl kr ky sicAwr dI izMdgI jIx nwl v`fw huMdw hY[ ‘nwm’ vwly kol jo ^zwnw hY, auh rupeIAW dy ^zwny qoN ikqy v`fw hY[ swils rwey jOhrI nUM AwpxI dOlq dw mwx JUTw jwpx lg ipAw sI[ aus ny gurU jI A`gy isr JukwieAw sI Aqy gurU swihb qoN ‘is`KI dy dwn’ dI mMg kIqI sI[ iek khwxI muqæwibkæ gurU swihb ny swls rwey jOhrI ƒ AwpxI dsqwr vI Byt kIqI sI, pr ieh g`l shI nhIN hY[ hW swls rwie gurU nwnk swihb dI isiKAw dw prcwr zrUr krdw irhw sI[

ptnw ivc gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb vI bhuq smW rhy sn[ ie`Qy hI 18 dsMbr sMn 1661 dy idn gurU goibMd isMG jI dw jnm hoieAw sI[

gurduAwrw gwey Gwt pwqSwhI pihlI

ptnw ivc gurU nwnk swihb dI Xwd ivc bxy ‘gurduAwrw dyauU Gwt’ qoN ielwvw hyT ilKy gurduAwry vI hn:

drbwr swihb (inrmilAW ny ies dw nW hirmMdr bxw id`qw sI): gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy smyN ieh gurU jI dw drbwr Aqy q^q sI [ mOjUdw iemwrq au~nIvIN sdI dy pihly A`D dI hY[ ie`Qy gurU swihb nwl sbMDq kuJ qvwrI^I cIzW sMBwlIAW hoeIAW hn (2) gurU dw bwZ: gurU qyZ bhwdr dI Xwd ivc bixAw hoieAw ieh bwZ gurU swihb ƒ aunHW dy iek murId kwzI ny qoh&y vjoN id`qw hoieAw sI (3) goibMd Gwt: gurU goibMd isMG swihb bcpx ivc ie`Qy dirAw dy kMFy ’qy KyifAw krdy sn (4) bVI sMgq: ie`Qy iek SwhUkwr BweI jIq m`l rihMdw sI[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb jdoN pihlI vwrI ptnw Awey qW ie`Qy hI Tihry sI[ ie`Qy sMgq dy v`fy iek`T hoieAw krdy sI, ies kr ky ies ƒ gurduAwrw bVI sMgq AwiKAw jWdw hY[

drbwr swihb (Zlq nW hirmMdr swihb)
jnm AsQwn gurU goibMd isMG jI

gurU dw bwZ

gurduAwrw kMgx Gwt

bwl lIlHw mYnI sMgq

c`kI mwqw gujrI qy hor XwdgwrI cIzW ijnHW dw gurU jI nwl sbMDq hox dw dwAvw kIqw jWdw hY

ienHW gurduAwirAW ’qy inrmilAW dw kbzw irhw hY ies kr ky ie`QoN dI mirAwdw vDyry kr ky ‘bRwhmxI mirAwd’w hY (imhr isMG sMn 1730-58, nvl isMG 1758-97, idAwl isMG 1797-1832, suKw isMG 1832 qoN 1861, dIdwr isMG 1861-65, gMfw isMG 1865-75, Drm isMG, ijs ny QVHw swihb dI zmIn vycI sI, 1875-1882, sumyr isMG 1882-1903 – ieh swry inrmly pujwrI sn)[ iesy QW ’qy ienHW inrmly pujwrIAW ny ‘bicqr nwtk’ ivclIAW kivqwvW dI rcnw kIqI sI Aqy mgroN aus nUM AKOqI ‘dsmgRMQ’ vjoN prcwirAw sI.