Pakistan
pwiksqwn
Bwrq dy nwl lgdw ieh mulk pwiksqwn 14 Agsq 1947 dy idn hoNd ivc AwieAw sI[ sMn 1971 qk ieh do ih`isAW ivc sI: p`CmI pwiksqwn qy pUrbI pwiksqwn (hux bMglw dyS)[ ies dIAW h`dW Bwrq nwl (2912 iklomItr), cIn nwl (2912 iklomItr), A&Zwinsqwn nwl (523 iklomItr), eIrwn nwl (909 iklomItr) nwl lgdIAW hn[ d`Kx ivc Emwn dI srh`d ies qy bhuq nyVy hY; auN\ ies dw qy Emwn dw smuMdr nwl-nwl hn[ ies dw rkbw 8,81,913 mur`bw iklomItr hY (jo &rWs Aqy brqwnIAw dy kul rkby ijMnw hY)[ ies rkby ivc Awzwd kSmIr (1046 mur`bw iklomItr) Swiml nhIN hY[
ies dw au~qr kwrwkrom, ihMdukuS Aqy pwimr phwVIAW nwl iGirAw hoieAw hY[ ies mulk dy 5 phwV, ky-2, (8611 mItr), nWgw phwV (8126 mItr) qy 3 hor 8000 mItr qoN vD aucweI vwly phwV, dunIAW dy sB qoN aucy 14 phwVW ivc Swiml hn[ Qwr shrw dw ryigsqwn ies ivc hY[ 1609 iklomItr lMbw isMD dirAw iesy mulk ivc hY[ pRwcIn siBAqw dy imhrgVH, hV`pw, mihMjodwVo Aqy qkiSlw dy Qyh iesy mulk ivc hn[
ies dy bMglw dyS dw vKrw hox mgroN cwr sUby rih gey hn: pMjwb, isMD, bloicsqwn Aqy ^Ybr p^qUnvw[ ies qoN ielwvw iqMn kyNdrI ielwky (XUnIAn tYrItrI) hn: igligq-bwlitsqwn, ieslwmwbwd rwjDwnI Aqy Awzwd kSmIr (ijs nUM vKrw mulk vI mMndy hn)[ ho skdw hY ik pMjwb ivcoN srwiekI sUbw iek vKrw sUbw bxw id`qw jwvy, ijs nwl ies dy pMj sUby bx jwxgy[ pwiksqwn dy kul 113 izlHy hn; ies ivc kSmIr dy 10 Aqy igligq-bwlitsqwn dy 7 izlHy Swiml nhIN hn[
pwiksqwn dI d&qrI bolI aurdU hY[ auN\ ie`QoN dIAW muK bolIAW hn: pMjwbI 39%, srwiekI (jo pMjwbI dI iek aup-bolI hY) 12%, ihMdko (jo pMjwbI dI iek aup-bolI hY) 2% {Xwin pMjwbI 53% lokW dI bolI hY}, pSqo 18%, isMDI 15%, blocI 3%, kuJ lok phwVI qy kSmIrI bolIAW vI boldy hn[
kOmIAq v`loN pwiksqwn ivc 44.7% pMjwbI, 15.4% p^qUn, 14.1% isMDI, 8.4% srwiekI, 7.6 % muhwijr (jo 1947 ivc au~qr pRdyS Awid ivcoN Awey sn), 3.6% bloc, 6.3% bwkI kOmW nwl sbMDq lok rihMdy hn[ mzhb dy p`K qoN pwiksqwn ivc 96% lok muslmwn, 1.85% ihMdU (qkrIbn 21 lK 12 hzwr + 3 l`K 32 hzwr ‘SUdr’), 1.59% eIsweI, 0.22% AihmdIAw hn, 0.5% nwsqk qy kuJ hzwr is`K qy pwrsI vI hn[ dunIAW dI kul muslmwn AwbwdI dw 10.5% ie`Qy rihMdy hn (sB qoN vD musilm AwbwdI ieMfonySIAw ivc hY)[ muslmwnW ivcoN 75% suMnI (bhuqy sU&I hn) Aqy 20% SIAw hn[ AihmdIAw lokW nUM piksqwn ivc knUMnI qOr ’qy vI ZYr-musilm minAw jWdw hY[
ie`QoN dI AwbwdI sMn 2021 ivc qkrIbn 22 kroV 60 l`K sI (pMjwb 11 kroV, isMD 4.8 kroV; ^Ybr p^qUnvw 3.55 kroV; bloicsqwn 1.25 kroV, igligq-bwlitsqwn 15 l`K, ieslwmwbwd 11.64 l`K; ies qoN ielwvw ‘Azwd kSmIr’ dI AbwdI qkrIbn 40.5 l`K hY)[ pwiksqwn kol iek bhuq v`fI &Oj vI hY ijs ivc 6 l`K 17 hzwr &OjI hn Aqy 5 l`K 13 hzwr dI rIzrv &Oj hY[ ieh dunIAW dI ATvIN sB qoN v`fI &Oj hY[ pwiksqwn kol inaUklr bMb dI qæwkæq vI hY[
pwiksqwn dy muK ngr hn (brYkt ivc AwbwdI qkrIbn): krwcI (1 kroV 50 lK), lwhOr (1 kroV 12 l`K), &Yslwbwd/lwielpur (32 l`K), rwvlipMfI (21 lK), gujrWvwlw (swFy 20 l`K), pySwvr 20 l`K), mulqwn (19 l`K), hYdrwbwd (18 l`K), ieslwmwbwd (10 l`K), koietw (10 l`K).
is`KW dy 125 dy krIb ieiqhwsk gurduAwry pwiksqwn ivc sn[ ienHW ivcoN iqMn-cOQweI ^qm ho cuky hn jW Qyh bxy hey hn[ nwnkwxw (is`KW dw m`kw) qy krqwrpur (is`KW dw mdInw), lwhOr (fyrw swihb, ShId gMj isMGxIAW), eymnwbwd (roVI swihb), isAwlkot (bwby dI byr), cUhVkwxw (s`cw sOdw), hsn Abdwl (pMjw swihb), ipSwvr Awid ivc keI gurduAwry bhuq Swn nwl mOjUd hn[ keI purwxy gurduAwirAW dIAW nvIAW iemwrqW vI bx rhIAW hn.
pwiksqwn dIAW muK isAwsI S^sIAqW hn: muhMmd AlI ijnwh, husYn ShId suhrwvrdI, zul&kwr AlI Bu`to, nvwz SrI&, bynzIr Buto, iemrwn ^wn[ &OjI ifktytrW ivcoN muK sn: AXUb ^wn, izAw-aul-h`k, pRvyz muS`r&[ swieMsdwnW ivcoN nobl eInwm jyqU Abdus slwm, A`qw-aur-rihmwn, mhbUb-aul-h`k slIm-auz-mwn is`dIkI, AXUb aumXw Awid dw bhuq nW hY[ iPlws&rW, SwierW qy AdIbW ivcoN fw. sr muhMmd iekbwl, mnzUr Aihmd, jwn eylIAw, hsn AskrI irzvI, Abdul ^wilk, joS mlIhwbwdI, h&Iz jlMDrI, &Yz Aihmd &Yz, kæqIl iS&weI, Aihmd &rwz, munIr inAwzI, iebny ieMSw, hbIb jwilb, iehswn dwinS, nwisr kwzmI, prvIn Swikr, muz`&r vwrsI, Anvr msUd, sAwdq hsn mMto, pMjwbI kvI mnzUr J`lw; gwiekW ivcoN nUr jhW, mihdI hsn, nusrq &qh AlI ^wn, iekbwl bwno, ienwieq AlI ^wn, milkw pu^rwj, rOSn Awrw byZm, slwmq AlI ^wn, &qh AlI ^wn zubYdw ^wnm, rySmw, Zulwm AlI, &rIdw ^wnm, Awibdw prvIn, SOkq AlI, Awlm lohwr Awid ny pwiksqwn ivc bhuq nW kmwieAw hY[. hor vyKo: pMjwb, kSmIr, krwcI, ijnwh (muhMmd AlI), pMjwb (p`CmI), mulqwn, lwhOr.
pwiksqwn qy Bwrq ivc kSmIr dw mslw
