Jalandhar City

jlMDr

pMjwb dw iek pRwcIn ngr[ sqluj Aqy ibAws dirAwvW (doAwbw) dw muK ngr[ jlMDr dw izkr purwnW (^ws kr ky pdm purwn, kwilkw purwn, mqsX purwn, vwXU purwn, bRhmnMd purwn), XogI qMqr Aqy mhWBwrq ivc AwauNdw hY[ ieh mihMjodwVo Aqy hV`pw dy smyN dw Sihr hY[ aus vyly ie`Qy (mOjUdw soFl Aqy purwxy iklHy dy ivckwr) iek bhuq vfI phwVI huMdI sI[ ies dy nwl hI iek iklHw sI (jo AMgryzW ny Fwh id`qw sI; hux iklHy dI QW ’qy Gr bx cuky hn; ieh iklHw mOjUdw iklHw muh`lw, kwzI muh`lw qoN mweI hIrW gyt Aqy A`fw huiSAwrpur qk huMdw sI; ieh sB ielwky iklHy dy Qyh ’qy bxy hoey hn)[ mhwrwjw ASok dy smyN jrnYlI sVk jo pwtlIpu`qr qoN ipSwvr nUM jWdI sI, ie`QoN ho ky jWdI sI[ ies ngr Aqy mOjUdw krqwrpur ngr dy ivckwr (mOjUdw srwey ^ws) ivc iek bVI v`fI srW sI (iesy kr ky ies ipMf dw nW bixAw sI)[ mShUr cInI XwqrI ihaUn sWg eyQy 15 mwrc 635 dy idn AwieAw sI Aqy cwr mhIny irhw sI; auh dobwrw 20 sqMbr dy idn AwieAw sI Aqy iek mhInw eyQy irhw sI[ audoN ieh bu`D mq dw bVw v`fw kyNdr sI[ sqvIN sdI ivc ies ngr ’qy ktoc rwjpUqW dw rwj sI (ies irAwsq nUM iqRgrq kihMdy sn)[ audoN Sihr dw dwierw iqMn mur`bw iklomItr sI[ sMn 804 ivc kSmIr dy SMkrvrmn ny rwjw ipRQvI cMdr nUM hrw ky ies ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ pr aus dI mOq mgroN ieMdU cMdr dy vwrsW ny dobwrw kbzw hwisl kr ilAw sI[sMn 1028 qoN 1081 qk iqRgrq dyS ’qy ieMdU cMdr ktoc dy vwirsW dw kbzw irhw sI[ ies mgroN muslmwn ies ielwky qy kwbz ho gey[ ZznI dw iebrwhIm Swh ie`QoN dw pihlw muslmwn hwkm sI[ mShUr sU&I prcwrk bwbw Sy^ &rId vI ies ielwky ivc irhw sI[ aus vyly jlMDr ivc drjnW msijdW bxIAW hoeIAW sn (ijnHW ivc 12vIN sdI dI iemwm nwisr dI msijd A`j vI kwiem hY, pr ies dw mOjUdw FWcw pMdrvIN sdI dI hY)[ sMn 1246 ivc eyQy eId dw iqauhwr bhuq Swn nwl mnwieAw igAw sI[sMn 1297 ivc aulZ ^wn eyQoN dw hwkm sI[sMn 1417 ivc zIrk ^wn ies ’qy kwbz sI[ ies mgroN eyQy mubwirk Swh dw vI kbzw irhw[sMn 1520 qoN mgroN eyQy muZl kwbz ho gey sn[auh eyQy 200 swl qoN vD Awrwm nwl hkUmq krdy rhy sn[ dsMbr 1757 is`KW ny j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw dI AgvweI ivc jlMDr ’qy hmlw kIqw[ is`KW dw twkrw krn vwsqy A&Zwn jrnYl s`dwq ^wn A&rIdI &Oj lY ky AwieAw pr is`KW h`QoN mwirAw igAw[ ies mgroN is`KW ny nwisr AlI (ijs ny kuJ mhIny pihlW du`rwnI dy pu`qr qYmUr Aqy jhwn ^wn nwl rl ky) krqwrpur ngr nUM A`g leI sI) dI kbr l`B ky aus dI lwS nUM k`F ky swiVAw qy ieM\ aus nUM krqwrpur nUM swVn dI szw id`qI[ (iek muslmwn vwsqy sB qoN v`fI szw aus dI lwS dw sVnw hY)[ jd qYmUr ^wn nUM is`KW v`loN jlMDr ’qy kbzw krn dI ^br imlI qW aus ny Kvwjw aubYd-aulw-^wn dI AgvweI ivc 25 hzwr &OjI is`KW ’qy hmlw krn vwsqy Byjy[ ies &Oj dI is`KW nwl isr& iek t`kr hoeI ijs ivc auh (A&Zwn) burI qrHW hwr gey qy Awpxw coKw nukswn krvw ky lwhOr nUM prq gey[ ieh Gtnw dsMbr 1757 qy jnvrI 1758 dy ivckwr dI hY[sMn 1761 ivc Aihmd Swh du`rwnI ny vwips muVn qoN pihlW zYn ^wn nUM srhMd dw &Ojdwr, Kvwjw AbYd nUM lwhOr dw sUbydwr, srbulMd ^wn nUM mulqwn dw sUbydwr Aqy GumMf cMd ktoc nUM jlMDr-doAwb dw &Ojdwr qweInwq kr id`qw sI[ pr ieh ivcwry qW bs nW dy hI hwkm sn[ ienHW dI hkUmq ienHW dIAW rwjDwnIAW qy ikilHAW dy AMdr hI sI[ ieh lok pMjwb ivc v`fI &Oj qoN ibnW KulHy-Awm GuMm vI nhIN skdy sI[ pMjwb dy Asl hwkm qW is`K hI sn[ du`rwnI dy jwx qoN bwAd is`K jlMDr v`l vDy Aqy bVI AwswnI nwl ies ’qy kbzw kr ilAw[sMn 1762 ivc Aihmd Swh dur`wnI Pyr AwieAw qW is`K jlMDr ^wlI kr gey[ jUn 1763 ivc is`K &OjW ny jlMDr ’qy Pyr hmlw kIqw[ A&Zwn &Ojdwr swdwq ^wn ny Awpxy-Awp nUM iklHy ivc bMd kr ilAw[ is`KW ny jlMDr dy Awly-duAwly muZlW Aqy pTwxW dy ^zwny lu`t ley[sMn 1770 ivc jlMDr ngr dw kbzw bu`D isMG kol sI sMn 1811 ivc mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny &qh isMG AwhlUvwlIAw dI mdd nwl jlMDr ’qy kbzw kr ilAw[sMn 1846 ivc ieh AMgryzW dy h`Q Aw igAw[ AMgryzW ny eyQy iek CwvxI kwiem kr leI[

28 dsMbr 1849 dy idn, BweI mhwrwj isMG Awdmpur nyVy iek gMny dy Kyq ivc Awpxy 21 swQIAW sxy luky hoey sn ik aunHW nUM iek muslmwn ny vyK ilAw[ ifptI kimSnr iek dm BwrI &ors lY ky Awdmpur Aw pu`jw[ &Oj ny aus Kyq nUM cwry pwisAW qoN Gyr ilAw[ eynI v`fI &Oj vyK ky BweI mhwrwj isMG ny mihsUs kIqw ik auh B`j nhIN skxgy[ BweI mhwrwj isMG nUM igR&qwr kr ky ausy vkq sMglW qy byVIAW ivc jkV id`qw igAw[ BweI mhwrwj isMG nUM jlMDr jylH ivc iljwieAw igAw[ jd auh au~Qy pu`jy qW au~Qy qweInwq pihrydwrW ny BweI mhwrwj isMG nUM vyK ky isr Jukw ky siqkwr zwihr kIqw[ ies qoN ifptI kimSnr bhuq fr igAw qy aus ny BweI mhwrwj isMG nUM jlMDr jylH ivc r`Kx dI bjwie &ort ivlIAm klk`qw (qy mgroN isMgwpur) Byj id`qw sI[

&IrozdIn quZlk vyly jrnYlI sVk dw rsqw luiDAwxw, nUrmihl, nkodr vloN ho jwx kwrn jlMDr dI AihmIAq kuJ Gt geI sI (jo AMgryzI hkUmq vyly sMn 1850 qoN mgroN dobwrw kwiem hoeI sI) sMn 1947 qk jlMDr ivc muslmwnW dI AwbwdI 60% sI[ ies mgroN is`K Aqy ihMdU eyQy Aw vsy sn[ 2020 ivc ies ngr ivc qkrIbn 40% dilq, 32% ihMdU (bRwhmx, bwxIAw, KqrI-AroVw qy jYnI), 22% is`K, 2% iesweI Aqy 2% muslmwn qy 2% bwkI dUjy DrmW dy hn[

ie`QoN dIAW purwnIAW XwdgwrW ivcoN mweI virMdwvn dw qlwA Alop ho cukw hY[ dyvI qlwA, p`kw qlwA is`K imslW dy vyly dy hn[ eIst ieMfIAw kMpnI dw bwZ qkrIbn A`Dw rih igAw hY[ hux jlMDr mIfIAw dw v`fw kyNdr hY; AjIq, AkwlI pqrkw, jgbwxI Aqy pMjwb kysrI A^bwrW eyQoN CpdIAW hn[ kdy pMjwbI ivc sB qoN vD Cpx vwlIAW A^bwr AkwlI (sMn 1961 qoN mgroN jQydwr nW hyT) vI eyQoN CpdI huMdI sI[

jlMDr dw sbMD gurU hir goibMd swihb nwl vI hY[ 28 ApRYl 1635 dy idn jdoN gurU jI krqwrpur qoN kIrqpur vl c`ly sn qW auh rwh ivc eyQy ruky sn Aqy eyQoN dy Sy^ drvyS nwl Drm crcw kIqI sI[ gurU jI dI Xwd ivc bsqI Sy^ ivc do gurduAwry bxy hoey hn; ienHW ivcoN iek Sy^ drvyS dI kbr au~qy (gurduAwrw crn kMvl) bixAw hoieAw hY Aqy dUjw bsqI dy AMdr (gurduAwrw pwqSwhI CyvIN).

Sy^ drvyS dI kbr au~qy bixAw gurduAwrw crn kMvl

bsqI Sy^ dy AMdr bixAw gurduAwrw

virMdw dI gu&w vwlI QW ’qy bixAw mMdr

msijd iemwm nwisr

is`K imslw kwl dw ‘p`kw qlwA’, ijs ’qy iek mMdr vwilAW ny kbzw kr ilAw hY

(fw. hrijMdr isMG idlgIr)