solHvIN sdI ivc jMgl dys (mwlvw) dy ies ielwky dI srdwrI sMGr kol sI[ aus mgroN aus dw pu`qr B`lx ies ielwky dw cODrI bixAw sI[ B`lx dw srsw dy cODrI mnsUr nwl JgVw cldw rihMdw sI[ pRc`ilq khwxI muqæwibkæ iek vwr B`lx Aqy mnsUr Akbr dy drbwr ivc gey hoey sn[ ies smyN Akbr ny mnsUr nUM iek cIrw (dsqwr dw kpVw) Byt kIqw sI[ ies qoN pihlW ik mnsUr aus nUM isr ’qy bMnH lYNdw B`lx ny auh kpVw PV ky do tukVy kr id`qy sI Aqy iek ih`sw Awpxy isr ’qy bMnH ilAw sI[ (ies sbMDI iek AKwx mShUr hY: B`lx cIrw pwiVAw, Akbr dy drbwr)[ Akbr ieh vyK ky h`s ipAw sI Aqy aus ny ielwky nUM dohW ivc brbwr dw vMf id`qw sI[ &rIdkot dw ielwkw B`lx nUM imilAw sI[ B`lx dI koeI AOlwd nhIN sI[ ies kr ky sMn 1628 ivc aus dI mOq mgroN aus dy Brw lwly dw pu`qr kpUrw (jo gurU gibMd isMG jI qoN pwhul lY ky kpUr isMG bixAw sI) ies ielwky dw hwkm bixAw sI[ kpUr isMG ny sMn 1661 ivc iek nvW ipMf (hux ngr) kotkpUrw vI vswieAw sI[ jdoN gurU goibMd isMG jI AnMdpur C`f ky mwlvy ivc Awey sn qW ies ny gurU jI dI bhuq mdd kIqI sI[ ies ny gurU jI Aqy is`KW nUM mih&Uz rihx vwsqy AwpxY BYx kpUro kol qlvMfI swbo Byj id`qw sI[
sMn 1708 ivc guAWF dy ielwky dy cODrI eIsw ^wn mMJ ny kpUr isMG nUM DoKy nwl kql kr id`qw sI[ kpUr isMG dy iqMn pu`qr suKw, symw qy muKIAw[ v`fw hox kr ky syKw ielwky dw hkm bixAw sI[ ies dI mOq sMn 1731 ivc hoeI sI[ ies mgroN ies dy pu`qrW joD isMG, hmIr isMG Aqy vIr isMG ivc JgVw au~T KVHw hoieAw[ ies smyN j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAW Aqy JMfw isMG BMgI Awid ny ienHW ivckwr smJOqw krvw id`qw[ v`fy joD isMG nUM kotkpUrw, hmIr isMG nUM &rIdkot Aqy vIr isMG nUM mwVI musq&w dw ielwkw imilAw sI[ hmIr isMG ny &rIdkot dw bhuq ivkws kIqw sI[ ies dy v`fy Brw joD isMG dI pitAwlw irAwsq nwl tkrwA ivc sMn 1767 ivc mOq ho geI sI; aus mgroN kotkpurw vI ies dy kbzy ivc Aw igAw sI[ hmIr isMG sMn 1782 ivc mr igAw sI qy ies mgroN mohr isMG hwkm bixAw sI; pr auh nwAihl sI, ies kr ky aus dy pu`qr cVHq isMG ny hkUmq dI vwgfor Awpxy h`Q ivc lY leI sI[ sMn 1804 ivc ies dy cwcy dl isMG ny ies nUM kql kr ky irAwsq ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ aus vyly cVHq isMG dy b`cy (gulwb isMG, phwVw isMG, swihb isMG qy mihqwb isMG) in`ky sn[ auh msW jwn bcw ky inkly sn[ b`icAW dy mwmy &Ojw isMG ny kuJ &Oj lY ky rwq vyly Aw ky dl isMG nUM kql kr id`qw Aqy gulwb isMG nUM g`dI ’qy ibTw id`qw sI[ sMn 1808 ivc mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy jrnYl dIvwn muhkm cMd ny &rIdkot ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[
sMn 1809 ivc jdoN sqluj dy pwrlw ielwkw AMgRyzW dI rwKI hyT Aw igAw sI qW aunHW ny cVHq isMG nUM muV hkUmq idvw id`qI sI[ sMn 1826 ivc gulwb isMG nUM AxpCwqy bMidAW ny kql kr id`qw sI[ ies ip`CoN aus dw nwbwlg pu`qr Aqr isMG g`dI ’qy bYTw sI[ auh Agly swl hI mr igAw sI[ sMn 1827 ivc phwV isMG rwjw bixAw sI[ ieh AMgRyzW dw v`fw ^Yr ^Íwh sI[ sMn 1845 ivc lwhOr drbwr nwl hoeI lVweI ivc ies ny AMgRyzW dw swQ id`qw sI, ijs kr ky ies nUM rwjw dI pdvI id`qI geI sI[ ies dI mOq sMn 1849 ivc hoeI sI[ ies mgroN ies dw pu`qr vzIr isMG hwkm bixAw sI[
sMn 1874 ivc hwkm isMG dI mOq ipCoN ibkrmw isMG rwjw bixAw sI (ibkrmw isMG Kym isMG bydI dw swQI sI)[ ibkrmw isMG ny rwxI ivktorIAw dI golfn jublI dy nW ’qy drbwr swihb ivc ibjlI lwaux vwsqy 25 hzwr rupY ^rcy sn[ aus ny gurU gRMQ swihb dw inrmilAW dw kIqw hoieAw ‘&rIdkotI tIkw’ Cwpx dw ^rc vI Awpxy zuMmy ilAw sI (BwvyN ieh CipAw mgroN aus dy pu`qr dy Aihd ivc sI)[ aus dI moq mgroN blbIr isMG rwjw bixAw sI[ blbIr isMG dI AOLwd nhIN sI; ies kr ky ies ny Awpxy Brw gjyNdr isMG dw pu`qr ibRjieMdr isMG muqbMnw bxw ilAw sI[ sMn 1918 ivc ibRjieMdr isMG dI mOq hoeI qW hrieMdr isMG rwjw bixAw sI[ sMn 1948 ivc ieh irAwsq pYpsU dw ih`sw bx geI sI. hor vyKo: kpUr isMG, kotkpUrw.