Delhi & Gurdwaras

id`lI

Xmunw dirAw dy dohW kMiFAW ’qy v`isAw mOjUdw ngr id`lI keI vwr visAw Aqy aujiVAw hY; Aqy hr vwr iek v`K-v`K QW ’qy vswieAw igAw sI[ krnl sr gOrfn hrn muqwibk id`lI s`q vwr vsweI geI sI[ iek dMd-kQw muqwibk ies ngr dI nINh sMn 50 (purwxw kwl) ivc ies ielwky dy rwjy id`lU ny r`KI sI; aus dy nW qoN hI ngr dw nW c`ilAw sI[ iek hor irvwieq muqwibk ies dw ieh nW ipRQvI rwj cOhwn vyly SurU hoieAw sI ikauN ik aus nUM idlIpq (aucweI vwlw, vifAweI vwlw) kihMdy sn[ kuJ lyKkW ny ies nUM dyhlI (dihlIz) dy ArQW ivc ‘ihMd dI dihlIz’ dy ArQW ivc vI ilAw hY (ijs dw koeI ArQ nhIN bxdw)[ purwxIAW ilKqW muqwibk ie`Qy pWfoAW dI hkUmq sI[ aus smyN ies dy duAwly KWfvpRsq jMgl sI[ pWfoAW vyly myrT dy nyVy ieMdrpRsq, pWfv ngr qy XoignIpur vI sn[ mOrIAw ^wndwn dI hkUmq smyN vI ie`Qy iek v`fw ngr hox dIAW inSwnIAW imldIAW hn[ kuJ smW pihlW hI ASok dy smyN (sMn 273-235 purwnw kwl) dw iek iSlwlyK vI ie`Qy SRIinvws purI ivc imilAw hY[ mOjUdw id`lI Sihr dI nINh qomwr (quMvr/qomr) rwjpUqW ny sMn 734 ivc r`KI sI[AnMgpwl qomr dy purwxw iklHy lwl kot dw Qyh A`j vI mOjUd hY[ sMn 1150 qk qomr ies ielwky dy mwilk rhy sn[ ies mgroN ivSwldyv cOhwn ny ies ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ rwey ipQOrw ny sMn 1178 ivc ies ’qy kbzw kIqw sI[ ies vyly SuhwbudIn ZOrI ZznI qoN lwhOr qk mwr kr irhw sI[ sMn 1186 ivc aus ny lwhOr ’qy kbzw kr ilAw sI[ hux aus ny id`lI vl vI vyKxw SurU kr idqw sI[ ZOrI ny srhMd ƒ CyqI hI &qih kr ilAw sI[ srhMd ’qy kbzw p`kw krn mgroN aus ny Ajmyr-id`lI q^q (cOhwn dI hkUmq) nUM vI KohxI cwihAw sI[auDr ipRQvI rwj cOhwn vI gOrI ƒ au~QoN k`Fxw cwhuµdw sI[ auh AwpxIAW &OjW lY ky srhMd vl viDAw[ auDr gOrI ny vI id`lI vl kUc kr idqw[ sMn 1192 ivc id`lI qoN qkrIbn 100 iklomItr dUr qrwien (qrwvVI) dy mYdwn ivc dohW &OjW ivc Gmswx dI lVweI hoeI sI; pr ZOrI nUM hwr imlI sI[ sMn 1193 ivc aus ny Pyr hmlw kIqw sI qy ij`q hwisl kIqI sI[ hux gOrI ny ZznI vwips jwx dI iqAwrI SurU kr leI sI[ c`lx qoN pihlW aus ny Apxy gulwm jrnYl kuqb-aud-dIn ƒ kuJ POj dy ky GuVwm (hux izlHw pitAwlw) dy iklHy ivc ibTw idqw sI[ sMn 1197 ivc kuqb-aud-dIn ny GuVwm dI QW ’qy id`lI ƒ ApxI rwjDwnI bxw ilAw sI[ sMn 1206 ivc muhMmd ZOrI dy mrn mgroN kuqbdIn AYbk Awzwd hwkm bx igAw sI[ aus ny Awpxy smyN ivc kuqbmInwr bxweI sI (ies mInwr dw kw&I ih`sw aus qoN mgroN bxwieAw igAw sI)[ aus dI mOq mgroN ielquqimS (sMn 1211-1236) id`lI dy q^q ’qy bYiTAw sI[ aus mgroN rzIAw sulqwnw iqMn swl hwikm rhI sI[ ies mgroN keI in`ky moty hwkm Awey sn[ mmlUk hwkmW qoN mgroN jlwludIn &Iroz ^ljI (sMn 1290-1320) ie`QoN dw hwkm bixAw sI; iPr aus dw BqIjw AlwaudIn ^ljI hwkm irhw sI[ ^ljIAW qoN mgroN muhMmd quZlk (sMn 1325-1351) ny ies nUM rwjDwnI bxwieAw sI; ivcoN kuJ icr aus ny dOlqwbwd (mhWrwStr) nUM rwjDwnI bxwieAw sI, pr iPr id`lI vwips Aw igAw sI[ aus qoN mgroN &Iroz swh quZlk (sMn 1351-1388) hwkm bixAw sI[ sMn 1398 ivc qYmUr ny id`lI ’qy hmlw kIqw sI Aqy iek l`K bMdw mwr id`qw sI[ ies nwl id`lI iPr vIrwn ho geI sI[ ies mgroN seIAd ^wndwn (sMn 1414-1451) qy iPr loDI ^wndwn (sMn 1451 qoN 1526) rwj krdy rhy sn[ ies mgroN bwbr dI hkUmq AweI sI Aqy Agly swFy iqMn sO swl (sUrI ^wndwn dy 19 swl C`f ky) muZl rwj krdy rhy sn[ ies dOrwn Akbr ny Awwgrw nUM dUjI rwjDwnI bxwieAw sI, pr ies dy bwvjUd id`lI dI Swn kwiem rhI sI[ Swh jhwn ny sMn 1638 ivc Swhjhwnwbwd vswieAw sI (mOjUdw purwxI id`lI dw ielwkw)[ ies dy nwl hI aus ny 16 ApRYl 1639 dy idn lwl iklHw dI nINh r`KI sI[ aus ny iklHy qoN ielwvw jwmw msijd qy hor iemwrqW vI bxweIAW sn[ aus ny Agly XwrHW swl ivc (sMn 1638 qoN 1649 ivckwr) id`lI dy duAwly iek dIvwr bxweI sI[ ieh dIvwr 27 Pu`t au~cI qy 12 Put cOVI sI[ pihlW ieh im`tI dI sI; sMn 1657 ivc ies nUM lwl p`QrW dI dIvwr bxw id`qw igAw sI[ ies dIvwr ivc Cy drvwzy r`Ky gey sn: kSmIrI drvwzw, kwbulI drvwzw, lwhOrI drvwzw, id`lI drvwzw, AjmyrI drvwzw, qurkmwn drvwzw[ Syr Swh sUrI ny iek hor drvwzw ^UnI drvwzw dy nW hyT bxwieAw sI[ mgroN morI drvwzw qy ingmboD drvwzw vI hoNd ivc Aw gey sn[ hux ies dw bhuq swrw ih`sw Fih cukw hY, pr drvwzy Ajy qk kwiem hn[

sMn 1857 qk muZl id`lI ’qy hkUmq krdy rhy sn (pr sMn 1707 ivc AOrMgzyb dI mOq mgroN muZlW dI hkUmq bhuq kmzor hoxI SurU ho geI sI Aqy bhwdr Swh qy jhWdwr Swh qW kuJ mhIny hI rih sky sn; &ru^sIAwr vI nW dw hI bwdSwh sI[ muhMmd Swh rMgIlw qW kwZzI bwdSwh sI[ aus mgroN dy bwdSwh id`lI dy nwm-inhwd rwjy sn[ ies dOrwn sMn 1737 ivc mrhtw pySvw bwlwjI rwE ny muZlW nUM hrw ky kuJ smW kbzw krI r`iKAw sI[ sMn 1739 ivc nwdr Swh ny id`lI ’qy hmlw kIqw sI[ aus ny vI ies ngr ivc bhuq v`fw kqlyAwm kIqw sI[ sMn 1757 ivc Aihmd Swh du`rwnI ny hmlw kIqw sI[ aus ny id`lI nUM ^Ub lu`itAw sI qy swry AmIrW vzIrW nUM qkrIbn kMgwl hI kr id`qw sI[ aus dy jwx mgroN sMn 1758 ivc iPr mrh`ty vI kwbz ho gey sn[ sMn 1761 ivc iPr du`rwnI ny hmlw kr ky mrh`itAW dw sdw vwsqy l`k qoV id`qw sI[ sMn 1771 ivc mrh`ty (mhwdjI iSMdy dI AgvweI hyT) iPr kuJ smW kwbz rhy sn[ mwrc 1783 ivc id`lI ’qy is`K kwbz ho gey sn, pr auh Swh Awlm nwl cuMgI dw smJOqw kr ky id`lI aus dy hvwly kr ky Aw gey sn[ sMn 1803 ivc AMgryzW ny mrh`itAW nUM hrw ky id`lI dw Awlw duAwlw kbzy ivc kr ilAw sI[ sMn 1857-58 dy Zdr mgroN id`lI pUrI qrHW AMgryzW dy kbzy ivc Aw geI sI[ brqwnIAw dy bwdSwh jwrj pMjm ny 12 dsMbr 1911 dy idn AMgryzW ny kolkwqw dI QW ies nUM nvIN rwjDwnI bxwaux dw AYlwn kIqw sI Aqy phwV gMj Aqy s&dr jMg dy ivckwr nvIN id`lI dI nINh rK ky nvW ngr vswauxw SurU kIqw sI[ audoN qk ieh pMjwb dw ih`sw sI[ pihlI AkqUbr 1912 dy idn purwxI id`lI nUM pMjwb qoN Alg kr ky ‘cI& kimSnr proivMs Aw& id`lI’ bxw id`qw igAw sI[ sMn 1927 ivc ies dw nW ‘nvIN id`lI’ r`iKAw igAw sI[ 13 &rvrI 1931 dy idn ies nvIN rwjDwnI dw audGwtn kIqw igAw sI[ sMn 1947 ivc hzwrW pMjwbI p`CmI pMjwb qoN ie`Qy Aw ky vsy sn[ sMn 1956 ivc ies nUM XUnIAn tYrytrI bxw id`qw igAw sI[ sMn 1991 ivc ies nUM rsmI qOr ’qy ‘nYSnl kYpItl Aw& id`lI’ dw nW dy id`qw igAw sI[ ies mgroN id`lI dI iek AsYNblI bxweI geI sI, ijs kol Ajy vI pUry sUby vwly hkUk nhIN hn[ ^UnI nvMbr 1984 ivc id`lI ivc rwjIv gWDI dI srprsqI hyT lilq mwkn, jgdIS tweItlr, s`jx kumwr, kml nwQ, sIqw rwm kysrI, Arjn dws Aqy hirAwxw dy cI& minstr Bjn lwl dI AgvweI hyT kWgrsIAW v`loN pulIs Aqy BwVy dy kwqlW rwhIN hzwrW bygunwh is`KW dw kqlyAwm krvwieAw igAw sI[ sMn 2001 ivc id`lI dI pwrlImYNt ’qy hmlw hoieAw sI[ sMn 2005 qy 2008 ivc pwrlImYNt ’qy Pyr hmly hoey sn[

id`lI dw rkbw 1483 mur`bw iklomItr (573 mur`bw mIl) hY[ sMn 1921 dI mrdmSumwrI muqwibk ie`QoN dI AwbwdI 30 l`K 44 hzwr sI[ ienHW ivcoN 17 l`K 43 hzwr ihMdU (qkrIbn qIjw ih`sw dilqW smyq), 11 l`K 47 hzwr muslmwn, 8791 iesweI, 3862 jYnI, 2669 is`K Aqy 91 bwkI DrmW dy lok sn[ sMn 2011 dI mrdmSumwrI muqwibk ie`QoN dI AwbwdI 1 kroV 67 l`K sI[ ienHW ivcoN pMjwbI, pUrvWclI, auqrwKMfI, bMgwlI, hirAwxvI qy rwijsQwnI lokW dI AwbwdI sB qoN vD hY[ komW ivcoN ihMdU, Awid DrmI (dilq), is`K, muslmwn, jYnI, iesweI vDyry hn[ ienHW ivcoN 55% ihMdU, 25% Awid DrmI (dilq), 12.86% muslmwn, 3.4 % is`K, 0.99 % jYnI, 0.87 % iesweI, 0.11% boDI hn[ zwqW ivcoN vYS, gu`jr, bRwhmx, jwt, pMjwbI bhuq v`fI igxqI ivc hn[ie`QoN dIAW muK zbwnW AMgryzI, ihMdI, pMjwbI qy aurdU hn[ lokW dy pihrwvy ivc pMjwbIAq dw Asr sB qoN vD hY[ id`lI ivc qkrIbn 49% lok Ju`gIAW ivc rihMdy hn[ ies pRwcIn ngr ivc 1200 hYrItyj iemwrqW hn, ijnHW ivc rwey ipQOrw dw iklHw qy purwxw iklHw dw Qyh, kuqb mInwr, rzIAw sulqwnw dw mkbrw, hmwXUM dw mkbrw, lwl iklHw, slImgVH iklHw, zInq-aul-msijd, &qhpurI msijd, mumqwj mihl, jYnIAW dw lwl mMdr, gOrI SMkr mMdr, imrzw Zwilb dI hvylI, bVw guMbd, gurduAwrw sIs gMj, cWdnI cOk dw &uhwrw (ij`Qy 11 nvMbr 1675 dy idn idAwl dws, mqI dws qy sqI dws Aqy sMn 1716 ivc bMdw isMG dy swQI sYNkVy is`K ShId kIqy gey sn), KwrI bwaulI qy keI hor bwaulIAW, keI mkbry, Awid bhuq mShUr hn[ {hor vyKo: cWdnI cOk}.

id`lI qy nvI id`lI dw nkSw (AMgRyzI)

purwxI id`lI dw sMn 1858 dw nkSw

Agr sYn dI bwaulI

AnMg pwl dI bwaulI (gMfk dI bwaulI)

rwjwEN kI bwaulI

&Iroz Swh kotlw

&Iroz Swh kotlw ivc mhwrwjw ASok dw sqMB

mhwrwjw ASok dy sqMB ’qy iSlwlyK

id`lI dw purwxw iklHw (muK drvwzw) sMn 1880

id`lI dw purwxw iklHw (hmwXUM gyt AMdroN)

quZlkwbwd iklHw

lwl iklHw (purwxI qsvIr)

slImgVH iklHw ij`yQy 1716 ivc bwbw bMdw isMG bhwdur nUM kYd kIqw igAw sI

hmwXUM dw mkbrw

id`lI dw kSmIrI gyt

rzIAw sulqwnw qy AlqUnIAw dIAW kbrW

&Iroz Swh kotlw dI bwaulI

jwmw msijd (iek hvweI idRS)

iKVkI msijd

iskMdr loDI dI kbr

kuqub mInwr

mumqwj mhl

zInq-aul-msijd

&qhpurI msijd

cWdnI cOk 1865 ivc

cWdnI cOk 2021 ivc

kdy id“lI ivc trwm cldI huMdI sI

id`lI Aqy is`K

is`K qvwrI^ ivc id`lI dw vI Aihm QW hY[ gurU nwnk swihb AwpxIAW audwsIAW vyly id`lI ho ky gey sn[ ies kr ky is`K audoN qoN hI id`lI ivc rihMdy hn[ guru hirgoibMd swihb nUM jnvrI 1613 ivc id`lI qoN igR&qwr kr ky gvwlIAr iklHy ivc kYd kIqw igAw sI[ sqvIN pwiqSwhI vyly vI is`KW dy au~Qy hox dw pqw lgdw hY ikauNik sMn 1660 ivc jdoN gurU hir rwie swihb ny rwm rwie ƒ id`lI ByijAw sI qW aus dy nwl Awey is`K BweI kilAwxw dI Drmswlw ivc Tihry sn[ A`TvyN, nOvyN qy dsvyN pwiqSwh vI id`lI gey sn[ gurU hirikSn swihb 30 mwrc 1664 dy idn id`lI ivc joqI joiq smwey sn[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb, BweI idAwl dws, BweI mqI dws qy BweI sqI dws ieQy hI 11 nvMbr 1675 dy idn ShId kIqy gey sn[ gurU goibMd isMG jI sMn 1707 ivc id`lI Awey sn[ mwqw suMdr kOr qy swihb kOr vI id`lI ivc bhuq vrHy rihMdIAW rhIAW sn[

11 mwrc 1783 dy idn s. bGyl isMG, s: j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw, s: j`sw isMG rwmgVHIAw, s: rwey isMG BMgI qy s: gurid`q isMG lwfvw ny lwl iklyH ’qy nIlw KwlsweI JMfw JulwieAw sI[ bGyl isMG ny muZl bwdSwh nwl id`lI dI cuMgI ’coN 37.5% ih`sw lYx dw smJOqw kr ky id`lI aus dy hvwly kr id`qI sI[ 14 jnvrI 1914 dy idn brqwvnI srkwr ny vwiesrwey dI koTI dI Swn r`Kx vwsqy gurduAwrw rkwb gMj dI kMD Fwh id`qI sI[ ies dy i^lw& AYjItySn hox ’qy ny srkwr ny hiQAwr su`t id`qy sI[ sMn 1930 dI isvl nw&urmwnI lihr vyly gurduAwrw sIs gMj puils &wieirMg dI zd hyT AwieAw sI[ 12 jUn 1960 dy jlUs vyly gurduAwirAW ƒ Gyrw pw ky is`K jlUs rokx dI koiSS kIqI geI sI[ is`KW ’qy lwTIcwrj kIqw igAw sI[ keI is`K z^mI qy kuJ ShId vI ho gey sn[ sMn 1978 ’c morwrjI fysweI srkwr ny vI inrMkwrIAW dy i^lw& pRotYst vyly id`lI dy iqMn gurduAwirAW dy rsqy sIl kr ky kri&aU lw id`qw sI, jo is`K vzIrW v`loN igR&qwrI dyx dy AYlwx mgroN htwieAw igAw sI[ ^UnI nvMbr 1984 dOrwn ieMdrw dy kql mgroN rwjIv gWDI dI srprsqI hyT dihSqgrd kWgrsIAW ny 1 qoN 6 nvMbr qk hzwrW is`K zwlmwnW qrIky nwl koh-koh ky kql kIqy sn[ 6 jnvrI 1989 dy idn BweI sqvMq isMG qy BweI ikhr isMG ƒ id`lI dI iqhwV jylH ivc PWsI id`qI geI sI[ sMn 1994 ivc fI.fI.ey. (ijs ’qy BwrqI jnqw pwrtI dw rwj sI) ny gurduAwrw mjƒ it`lw dI auswrI dw iek ih`sw Fwh id`qw sI (ieh kwrw sMn 2006 ivc iPr duhrwieAw igAw sI)[

pihloN id`lI ivc is`KW dy igxqI dy Gr sn[ pr, sMn 1947 qoN mgroN id`lI ivc is`KW dI AwbwdI bVI qyzI nwl vDI sI[ sMn 1921 ivc id`lI ’c 2669 is`K sn; sMn 1971 ivc ieh AwbwdI 2 l`K 91 hzwr 123 sI; sMn 1981 ivc ieh 3 l`K 93 hzwr 921 qy sMn 1991 ivc 4 l`K 55 hzwr 657 sI[ nvMbr 1984 ivc id`lI ivc hzwrW is`KW dw kqlyAwm hoieAw sI, ies kr ky hzwrW is`K ie`QoN inkl gey sn, jo sMn 1995 qoN mgroN Pyr Awauxy SurU ho gey sn[ A`j ieh AwbwdI Swied A`T l`K qoN vI vD hY, hwlW ik sMn 2011 dI mrdmSumwrI muqwibk id`lI ivc is`KW dI igxqI pMj l`K dy krIb d`sI hoeI hY[

id`lI ivc bhuq swry gurduAwry hn, ijnHW ivcoN hyT ilKy qvwrI^I hn: (1) mjƒ it`lw: qImwrpur klonI kol, jmnw dirAw dy kMFy, gurU nwnk swihb dI Xwd ivc bixAw hoieAw hY[ jnvrI 1613 ivc gurU hirgoibMd swihb vI ie`Qy ruky sn, jdoN jhWgIr dy hukm hyT aunHW nUM igR&qwr kr ky gvwlIAr iklyH ivc kYd kIqw igAw sI[ aunHIN idnIN ie`Qy ipMf cMdrwvl KyVw huMdw sI (2) nwnk ipAwau: jI.tI.rof qy purwxI sbzI mMfI kol gurU nwnk swihb dI Xwd ivc bixAw hoieAw hY (3) bMglw swihb: ieh rwjw jY isMh imrzw kCvwhw dw bMglw sI[ mwrc 1664 ivc gurU hirikRSn swihb qy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb ie`Qy Tihry sn[ gurU hirikRSn swihb ie`Qy hI joqI joiq smwey sn (4) bwlw swihb: irMg rof ’qy mhwrwxI bwZ klonI kol bixAw hoieAw hY[ gurU hirikRSn swihb, mwqw suMdr kOr qy mwqw swihb kOr dw sskwr ieQy hI hoieAw sI[ audoN swry lokW dy sskwr ie`Qy hI hoieAw krdy sn (5) sIs gMj: cWdnI cOk ’c ies jgHw gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb, BweI idAwl dws, BweI mqI dws qy BweI sqI dws 11 nvMbr 1675 dy idn ShId kIqy gey sn[ mwrc 1716 ivc iesy QW ’qy hI bMdw isMG bhwdur dy 700 qoN vD swQI ShId kIqy gey sn[ ies gurduAwry dI pihlI iemwrq bGyl isMG ny sMn 1783-87 ivc bxvweI sI[ mgroN muslmwnW ny fyg ky aus QW msIq bxw id`qI sI[ sMn 1857 dy Zdr mgroN jINd dy rwjw srUp isMG ny msIq nUM Fuhw ky dubwrw gurduAwrw bxvwieAw sI[ aus mgroN ies ivc bhuq qbdIlIAW Aqy vwDy huMdy rhy hn[ ies gurduAwry dy qih^wny ivc aus dr^q dw qnw sWB ky r`iKAw hoieAw hY ijs hyTW gurU jI nUM ShId kIqw igAw sI[ sIs gMj dy bwhr iek purwxw &uhwrw hY[ ies &uhwry dy hyTW BweI idAwl dws, BweI mqI dws qy BweI sqI dws ShId kIqy gey sn; hux aus &uhwry nUM aunHW dI Xwdgwr vjoN sWiBAw hoieAw hY (6) rkwb gMj: ieh purwxy rwiesInw ipMf dw iek ih`sw sI[ ieh swrw ipMf BweI l`KI rwey vxjwrw dI ivSwl jwiedwd dw iek ih`sw sI (ies ivc mOjUdw, pwrlImYNt hwaUs, rwStrpqI Bvn Awid dIAW zmInW Swiml sn)[ gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb dy DV dy sskwr aus ny ies jgh ’qy kIqw sI[ kWgrsI AwgU kml nwQ dI AgvweI ivc ^UnI nvMbr 1984 ivc ies ’qy hmlw kr ky ies nUM swV dyx dI koiSS kIqI geI sI, jo Aml ivc nhIN Aw skI sI (7) moqI bwZ: irMg rof ’qy DOlw kUMAW Aqy SWqI pQ dy ivckwr, AjmyrI drvwzy dy bwhr, gurU goibMd isMG dI Xwd ’c bixAw hoieAw hY[ gurU goibMd isMG swihb ie`Qy sMn 1707 ivc Awey sn (8) dmdmw swihb: jmnw dirAw dy kMFy, hmwXUM dy mkbry dy nyVy gurU goibMd isMG dI Xwd ivc ivc bixAw gurduAwrw {ies gurduAwry nwl iek g`p khwxI joVI geI hY ik ie`Qy gurU goibMd isMG jI ny hwQI qy Joty ivckwr lVweI krvweI sI} (9) gurduAwrw mwqw suMdr kOr: qurkmwn drvwzy qoN bwhr, imrzw Zwilb AkYfmI dy nwl, ies jgh ’qy mwqw suMdr kOr keI swl rhy sn (10) gurduAwrw bwbw bMdw isMG bhwdr: kuqb mInwr dy nyVy, Kvwjw b^iqAwr kwkI dI drgwh kol (mihrolI ivc)[ 9 jUn 1716 dy idn bwbw bMdw isMG bhwdur Aqy aus dy swQI 18 muK jrnYlW nUM ie`Qy hI ShId kIqw igAw sI (11) kUcw idlvwlI isMGW: ieh QW AjmyrI drvwzy dy AMdr gurduAwrw sIsgMj qoN qkrIbn pOxw iklomItr dUr hY[ ie`Qy BweI kilAwxw dI Drmswlw sI[ ie`Qy gurU qyZ bhwdr swihb, BweI gurid`qw, mwqw suMdr kOr vI kuJ smW rihMdy rhy sn[ pr ies QW ’qy koeI Xwdgwr nhIN bx skI 12. slImgVH iklHw: sMn 1716 ivc bMdw isMG bhwdur Aqy aus dy swQIAW nUM ies iklHy ivc kYd kIqw igAw sI[ (ie`Qy Ajy Xwdgwr bxnI rihMdI hY)[ id`lI ivc vI hzwrW is`KW ny ShIdIAW pweIAW hn 13. qIs hzwrI ij`Qy id`lI dIAW AdwlqW hn, bGyl isMG nwl sbMDq ieiqhwsk jgh hY[ sMn 1783 ivc ies QW ’qy bGyl isMG dI kroVwisMGIAw imsl dI qIh hzwr &Oj dw fyrw sI; iesy kr ky ies dw nW qIs hzwrI hY[ id`lI dy gurduAwry bhuq smW mhMqW dy kbzy hyT rhy sn[ sMn 1920 ivc gurduAwrw suDwr lihr SurU hoeI sI[ 19 dsMbr 1922 dy idn mhMq hrI isMG ny id`lI dy gurduAwry SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI nUM sONp id`qy sn[ ienHW qvwrI^I gurduAwirAW qoN ielwvw id`lI ’c hor vI keI v`fy-v`fy nvyN gurduAwry bx cuky hn[

sMn 1960 ivc AMimRqsr, luiDAwxw, jlMDr, pitAwlw dy nwl-nwl id`lI qoN vI pMjwbI sUbw morcw clwieAw igAw sI[ sMn 1971 ivc bIbI inrlyp kOr ny gurduAwirAW ’qy kbzw kr ky id`lI gurduAwrw AYkt bxvwieAw sI Aqy ies nUM SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dy kbzy qoN Awzwd krvwieAw sI[ nvyN kwnUMn hyT hr cOQy swl coxW hox lg peIAW sn Aqy ie`QoN dy gurduAwry SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI dI QW id`lI dI iek kmytI dy ieMqzwm hyT Aw gey sn[ id`lI dy gurduAwirAW ivc hzwrW lok hr roz lMgr Ckdy hn[ modI srkwr vyly ^ws kr ky notbMdI dy idnW ivc Aqy iPr mwrc qoN meI qk koronw vwiers smyN lw`k fwaUn dOrwn Axigxq muswi&r Aqy ivdySI XwqrU ienHW gurduAwirAW ivcoN h&iqAW Aqy mhIinAW b`DI rotI Kw ky izMdw rhy sn.

gurduAwrw mjnU it`lw