Balkh city

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(&wrsI bl^ sMsikRq bl@ihkwhæ, bl@hIkwhæ, bwlhI) A&Zwinsqwn dw iek pRwcIn ngr[ hux bl^ A&Zwinsqwn dw iek sUbw Aqy aus dw muK ngr hY[ ieh mzwr-ie-SrI& qoN 20 Aqy bl^ dirAw qoN 12 iklomItr dUr hY (ieh AwmU dirAw dy d`Kx v`l 74 iklomItr dUr hY)[ ieh kdy boDIAW Aqy pwrsIAW dw ngr huMdw sI[hr pwsy hux Qyh nzr AwauNdy hn[ ikqy-ikqy sqUp Ajy vI lBdy hn[ cOQI sdI dy cInI XwqrI &whIXwn muqæwibkæ ieh boDIAW dw v`fw kyNdr sI[sqvIN sdI dy cInI XwqrI zUAWgzMg muqæwibkæ ie`Qy iqMn hzwr iBkSU sn[ pwrsIAW (ierwnIAW) dy kbzy mrgoN bhuqy boDI sqUp pwrsIAW dy AgnI mMdr bxw id`qy gey sn[ muslmwnW ny auh AgnI mMdr vI ^qm kr id`qy sn[ muslmwnW (ArbW) dw pihlw hmlw sMn 645 ivc hoieAw sI pr auh sMn 670 ivc k`F id`qy gey sn[ mgroN sMn 715 ivc muslmwnW dw p`kw kbzw ho igAw sI[ boDI iBkSU mwr id`qy gey sn Aqy aunHW dIAW lwiebryrIAW swV id`qIAW geIAW sn[

iPr kuJ smW s&rIdIAW dw kbzw irhw sI[ sMn 997 ivc ie`Qy ZznvIAW dI hkUmq Aw geI sI[ iPr ieh ngr qurkW, ZOrIAW qy mMgolW h`QoN qbwh hoieAw sI[ sMn 1229 ivc cMgyz ^wn ny ie`Qy v`fw kqlyAwm kIqw sI[ ies mgroN auzbykW qy s&vIdW dy hmly vI hoey sn[ sMn 1511 ivc muZl jrnYl (bwdSwh) bwbr ny bl^ ’qy hmlw kIqw sI pr hwr igAw sI[ sMn 1641 ivc ieh ielwkw muZl bwdSwh Swhjhwn dy kbzy ivc Aw igAw sI[ AOrMgzyb vI kuJ smW ie`QoN dw sUbydwr irhw sI[ sMn 1736 ivc nwdr Swh ny ieh ielwkw ij`q ilAw sI[ aus mgroN ieh A&ZwnW dy kbzy ivc hI irhw hY[ pr hux ieh vDyry kr ky QyhW dw ielwkw hI hY[ bl^ Kurwswn ielwky dw muK ngr sI[ XUnwnI ies nUM bktrw/bktry kihMdy sI (vyKo:nkSw), ijs qoN bktrIAn hkUmq dw nW bixAw sI.

bl^ dI ‘hrI msijd’